LU505243B1 - Method for flower induction and production period regulation of durian - Google Patents
Method for flower induction and production period regulation of durian Download PDFInfo
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- LU505243B1 LU505243B1 LU505243A LU505243A LU505243B1 LU 505243 B1 LU505243 B1 LU 505243B1 LU 505243 A LU505243 A LU 505243A LU 505243 A LU505243 A LU 505243A LU 505243 B1 LU505243 B1 LU 505243B1
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- 240000000716 Durio zibethinus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 235000006025 Durio zibethinus Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- RMOGWMIKYWRTKW-UONOGXRCSA-N (S,S)-paclobutrazol Chemical compound C([C@@H]([C@@H](O)C(C)(C)C)N1N=CN=C1)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 RMOGWMIKYWRTKW-UONOGXRCSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000005985 Paclobutrazol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- KBRKFTKQRMYINW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-methoxy-5-nitrophenolate Chemical compound [Na+].COC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[O-] KBRKFTKQRMYINW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000009105 vegetative growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000034303 cell budding Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000272201 Columbiformes Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000020238 sunflower seed Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 30
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 abstract description 27
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005648 plant growth regulator Substances 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000219071 Malvaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002301 combined effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000805 cytoplasm Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004345 fruit ripening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035790 physiological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000021749 root development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXKBOWBNOCUNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-nitrophenolate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O AXKBOWBNOCUNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CURNJKLCYZZBNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-nitrophenolate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 CURNJKLCYZZBNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P21/00—Plant growth regulators
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N33/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds
- A01N33/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds containing nitrogen-to-oxygen bonds
- A01N33/18—Nitro compounds
- A01N33/20—Nitro compounds containing oxygen or sulfur attached to the carbon skeleton containing the nitro group
- A01N33/22—Nitro compounds containing oxygen or sulfur attached to the carbon skeleton containing the nitro group having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom and at least one nitro group directly attached to the same aromatic ring system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/647—Triazoles; Hydrogenated triazoles
- A01N43/653—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present application relates to a method for flower induction and production period regulation of durian, including steps of pre-anthesis fertilization, pre-anthesis pruning, pre-anthesis water control, and shoot control with drugs. The step of pre-anthesis water control includes stopping irrigation 20 to 25 days before flower induction, controlling vegetative growth through water stress and accumulating nutrients to promote flower bud differentiation. The step of shoot control with drugs includes spraying trunk and leaves evenly once with a shoot-controlling and flower-inducing medicinal liquid 20 days before flower induction. The shoot-controlling and flower-inducing medicinal liquid includes potassium dihydrogen phosphate with a concentration of 98%, Paclobutrazol with a concentration of 15%, and Atonik with a concentration of 1.8%. The benefit of the present application is that, through the comprehensive application of steps such as pre-anthesis fertilization, pre-anthesis pruning, pre-anthesis water control and shoot control with drugs, the flowering and production period of durian can be regulated, thus significantly increasing the fruiting cycles of durian; through regulating the flowering and fruiting time of durian, the negative impact of abnormal weather is reduced, thereby improving the quality and yield of durian fruits and enhancing the economic performance.
Description
Description 10000668
METHOD FOR FLOWER INDUCTION AND PRODUCTION PERIOD
REGULATION OF DURIAN
The present application relates to the technical field of durian planting, specifically to a method for flower induction and production period regulation of durian.
Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr), belonging to the family Bombacaceae, is a tropical fruit of high economic value. The grafted durian saplings start bearing fruit 3 to 5 years after planting, and enter a peak fruiting period 7 to 8 years later. A single tree can yield anywhere from dozens to hundreds of fruits, and the fruiting period can last for several years. Based on international market prices in recent years, the annual output value of a single tree is consistently above 2,000 yuan. In Hainan Province, China, durian trees naturally bloom in batches from January to February, and the fruits ripen predominantly from May to June.
However, due to the impact of unfavorable weather, the fruit setting rate is relatively low, and there is limited flowering and fruiting in other months, making it difficult to achieve batch production. This issue hampers the full realization of production yield and economic benefits in durian cultivation, posing an urgent need for resolution.
The present invention provides a method for flower induction and production period regulation of durian. By inducing flowering and regulating the internal physiological state of crops according to market demand, the natural flowering season is altered, the fruit maturation period is adjusted, and the flowering and fruiting duration is extended, which, on the one hand, helps balance the market supply and stabilize the price, and on the other hand, mitigate the adverse effects of low temperature, rainy and other bad weather on flowering and fruit setting during the natural flowering season, thereby increasing the yield, the production value, and the profits. 1
To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, an objective of the present invention is to provide a method for flower induction and production period regulation of durian, which realizes the regulation of the flowering and production period of durian through the comprehensive application of steps such as pre-anthesis fertilization, pruning, water control, and shoot control with drugs. This method reduces the negative impact of abnormal weather on the flowering and fruiting of durian, improves the quality and yield of durian fruits, and 1s suitable for the needs of efficient production in durian-producing regions.
The present application relates to a method for flower induction and production period regulation of durian, which includes the following steps: pre-anthesis fertilization: applying 60 kilograms of organic fertilizer and 3 kilograms of compound fertilizer to each plant in a furrow 2 months before flower induction, applying water fertilizer twice to each plant during a budding stage, with an interval of 10 days between the two applications of water fertilizer and the amount of fertilizer applied per plant being 30 liters each time, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the compound fertilizer is 20:20:20, and the water fertilizer comprises compound fertilizer accounting for 2% of the total weight of water fertilizer and cake fertilizer accounting for 3% of the total weight of water fertilizer; pre-anthesis pruning: pruning 30+2 days before flower induction; pre-anthesis water control: stopping irrigation 20 to 25 days before flower induction, controlling vegetative growth through water stress and accumulating nutrients to promote flower bud differentiation; shoot control with drugs: spraying trunk and leaves evenly once with a shoot-controlling and flower-inducing medicinal liquid 20 days before flower induction, the shoot-controlling and flower-inducing medicinal liquid includes potassium dihydrogen phosphate with a concentration of 98%, Paclobutrazol with a concentration of 15%, and Atonik with a concentration of 1.8%.
In the above embodiment, in the step of shoot control with drugs, the shoot-controlling and flower-inducing medicinal liquid includes a 700 to 1000-fold aqueous solution of 2
Paclobutrazol with a concentration of 15%, a 500-fold aqueous solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate with a concentration of 98%, and a 5000-fold aqueous solution of
Atonik with a concentration of 1.8%, the amount of the shoot-controlling and flower-inducing medicinal liquid used for each plant depends on the size of the tree canopy, and it is appropriate to evenly spray the front and back sides of the leaves and the trunk without dripping the medicinal liquid.
In the above embodiment, the organic fertilizer comprises one or more of well-rotted sheep manure, chicken manure and pigeon manure, the organic matter content in the organic fertilizer is more than 50%, and the furrow application comprises digging dressing furrows with a depth of 25 cm and a width of 20 to 25 cm within the tree disk on the inside of the canopy projection in a circular, radial or spot pattern, and burying organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer therein.
In the above embodiment, during the budding stage, water fertilizer is applied by grinding organic fertilizer and cake fertilizer separately, then mixing them in water and pouring them into the tree disk in an integrated form of water fertilizer, and the cake fertilizer is one or more of bean cake, peanut bran, rapeseed cake, and sunflower seed cake.
In the above embodiment, in the step of pre-anthesis pruning, the height of the tree is controlled to 6 to 8 meters, with 12 to 15 skeleton branches in 4 to 5 layers, and the length of the skeleton branches and lateral branches is controlled between 2.5 and 3 meters. The first lateral branch is about 1 meter high from the ground, and the front and rear, left and right branches of each layer are evenly distributed around the trunk, with a spacing of 0.5 to 0.6 meters between layers, forming a tree shape that is ventilated, light-permeable, sparse and layered for high yield. Through pre-anthesis pruning, densely crossed branches, competitive leggy branches, and slender, excessively long, and unproductive branches can be removed, allowing the tree to have better ventilation and light penetration, thereby creating ample space for flowering and fruiting, ultimately increasing the durian yield.
In the above embodiment, the method further includes: in the step of pre-anthesis water control, in case of excessive natural precipitation, laying a plastic sheet or ground cloth under the durian tree on the ground that is equal to or greater than 1/3 of the radius of the canopy 3 projection to shield it from rain, to reduce the water content of the soil in the ground near the eRe durian tree and reduce water absorption by the root system.
In the step of shoot control with drugs, the shoot-controlling and flower-inducing medicinal liquid includes a 750-fold aqueous solution of Paclobutrazol with a concentration of 15%, a 500-fold aqueous solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate with a concentration of 98%, and a 5000-fold aqueous solution of Atonik with a concentration of 1.8%, the amount of the shoot-controlling and flower-inducing medicinal liquid used for each plant depends on the size of the tree canopy, and it is appropriate to evenly spray the front and back sides of the leaves and the trunk without dripping the medicinal liquid.
In the above embodiment, the method for flower induction and production period regulation of durian is applied at least twice a year.
The benefit of the present invention is that, through the comprehensive application of steps such as pre-anthesis fertilization, pre-anthesis pruning, pre-anthesis water control and shoot control with drugs, the flowering and production period of durian can be regulated, thus significantly increasing the fruiting cycles of durian; through regulating the flowering and fruiting time of durian, the negative impact of abnormal weather is reduced, thereby improving the quality and yield of durian fruits and enhancing the economic performance; moreover, this method is convenient, easy to implement, stable, and durable; by increasing the application of organic fertilizer and reducing chemical fertilizer usage, it also contributes to environmental protection and ecological sustainability, thereby achieving improved quality and efficiency.
In order to make the above and other objectives, features, and advantages of the present application more apparent and comprehensible, preferred embodiments will be described in detail below.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is evident that the embodiments described are only a part, not all, of the embodiments 4 of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the eRe art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Below tables show the results of each experiment in the embodiments as follows:
Table 1 shows the statistics of the flower induction and production period regulation experiment of durian.
Table 2 shows the statistics of the shoot control and flower induction experiment with
Paclobutrazol.
Embodiment 1
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the present application relates to a method for flower induction and production period regulation of durian, which includes the following steps: pre-anthesis fertilization: applying 60 kilograms of organic fertilizer and 3 kilograms of compound fertilizer to each plant in a furrow 2 months before flower induction, applying water fertilizer twice to each plant during a budding stage, with an interval of 10 days between the two applications of water fertilizer and the amount of fertilizer applied per plant being 30 liters each time, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the compound fertilizer is 20:20:20, and the water fertilizer comprises compound fertilizer accounting for 2% of the total weight of water fertilizer and cake fertilizer accounting for 3% of the total weight of water fertilizer; pre-anthesis pruning: pruning 30+2 days before flower induction; pre-anthesis water control: stopping irrigation 25 days before flower induction, controlling vegetative growth through water stress and accumulating nutrients to promote flower bud differentiation; shoot control with drugs: spraying trunk and leaves evenly once with a shoot-controlling and flower-inducing medicinal liquid 20 days before flower induction, the shoot-controlling and flower-inducing medicinal liquid includes potassium dihydrogen phosphate with a concentration of 98%, Paclobutrazol with a concentration of 15%, and Atonik with a concentration of 1.8%. The shoot-controlling and flower-inducing medicinal liquid includes à oR 750 to 1000-fold aqueous solution of Paclobutrazol with a concentration of 15%, a 500-fold aqueous solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate with a concentration of 98%, and a 5000-fold aqueous solution of Atonik with a concentration of 1.8%, the amount of the shoot-controlling and flower-inducing medicinal liquid used for each durian tree depends on the size of the tree canopy, and it is appropriate to evenly spray the front and back sides of the leaves and the trunk without dripping the medicinal liquid.
In the above embodiment, the organic fertilizer comprises one or more of well-rotted sheep manure, chicken manure and pigeon manure, the organic matter content in the organic fertilizer is more than 50%, and the furrow application includes digging dressing furrows with a depth of 25 cm and a width of 20 to 25 cm within the tree disk on the inside of the canopy projection in a trench pattern, and then burying organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer therein.
In the above embodiment, during the budding stage, water fertilizer is applied by grinding organic fertilizer and cake fertilizer separately, then mixing them in water and pouring them into the tree disk in an integrated form of water fertilizer, and the cake fertilizer is one or more of bean cake, peanut bran, rapeseed cake, and sunflower seed cake.
In the above embodiment, in the step of pre-anthesis pruning, the height of the tree is controlled to 6 to 8 meters, with 12 to 15 skeleton branches in 4 to 5 layers, and the length of the skeleton branches and lateral branches is controlled between 2.5 and 3 meters. The first lateral branch is about 1 meter high from the ground, and the front and rear, left and right branches of each layer are evenly distributed around the trunk, with a spacing of 0.5 to 0.6 meters between layers, forming a tree shape that is ventilated, light-permeable, sparse and layered for high yield. Through pre-anthesis pruning, densely crossed branches, competitive leggy branches, and slender, excessively long, and unproductive branches can be removed, allowing the tree to have better ventilation and light penetration, thereby creating ample space for flowering and fruiting, ultimately increasing the durian yield.
In the above embodiment, the method further includes: in the step of pre-anthesis water control, in case of excessive natural precipitation, laying a plastic sheet or ground cloth under 6 the durian tree on the ground that is equal to or greater than 1/3 of the radius of the canopy projection to shield it from rain, to reduce the water content of the soil and reduce water absorption by the root system.
In the above embodiment, the method for flower induction and production period regulation of durian is applied twice or three times a year.
Embodiment 2
The treatment involves pre-anthesis fertilization two months before flowering (November of the first year and November of the second year), with flowering occurring in
January of the second or third year, and durian fruits ripening in May. The pre-anthesis fertilization was conducted in the same manner as in Embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
The treatment involves pre-anthesis pruning one month before flowering (December of the first year and December of the second year), with flowering occurring in January of the second or third year, and durian fruits ripening in May. The pre-anthesis pruning was conducted in the same manner as in Embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
The treatment involves pre-anthesis water control one month before flowering (December of the first year and December of the second year), with flowering occurring in
January of the second or third year, and durian fruits ripening in May. The pre-anthesis water control was conducted in the same manner as in Embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5
The treatment involves shoot control with drugs one month before flowering (December of the first year and December 10 of the second year), with flowering occurring in early
January of the second or third year, the actual flowering time being delayed by 5 to 7 days from the expected time due to the climatic conditions of the year, and durian fruits ripening in 7
May. The shoot control with drugs was conducted in the same manner as in Embodiment 1. 00066
Embodiment 6
Without any additional treatment to durian trees, durian naturally blooms in batches in
February, and the fruits ripen predominantly in June.
In order to validate the implementation effect of the method for flower induction and production period regulation of durian of the present application, durian trees were treated according to the methods of Embodiments 1 to 6, respectively. The durian trees selected were to 6-year-old durian trees. The experimental period covered two consecutive years, from 2021 to 2022, of experimental investigation and statistics, and the experiments were conducted at two different locations: Hainan Sanya Yucai Ecological Durian Plantation Base, and Durian Production Base in Sandao Town, Baoting County. Four trees were randomly selected for each treatment, with three repetitions constituting one experimental plot, totaling 12 trees for each treatment. In total, there were 72 trees for the six embodiments. The experimental results were averaged and the statistical summary was shown in Table 1.
The experimental results from Embodiments 1 to 6 indicate that pre-anthesis water control and shoot control with drugs had a significant effect on the proportion of branch growth cessation, but due to the absence of pre-anthesis fertilization and pre-anthesis pruning, the durian lacked nutrient accumulation, resulting in no significant improvement in the number of fruit-bearing branches, inflorescences, fruit sets, and yield after flowering and fruiting; 1f only pre-anthesis fertilization and pre-anthesis pruning were conducted, although tree nutrition was increased and accumulated, the excess nutrients could lead to excessive branch growth, which was unfavorable for flower bud differentiation, and did not result in a significant improvement in the number of fruit-bearing branches, inflorescences, fruit sets, or yield; only under the combined effect of pre-anthesis water control, shoot control with drugs, pre-anthesis fertilization, and pre-anthesis pruning, tree nutrition was increased, branch growth was inhibited, ventilation and light penetration issues were resolved, flower bud differentiation was induced, shoot growth was suppressed, the number of flowering cycles and inflorescences was increased, the number of fruit sets was improved, and consequently, 8 the yield was enhanced. The present method is based on an innovative cultivation method © eRe achieve production period regulation, while simultaneously improving soil fertility, enhancing tree vigor, and increasing the productivity and stability of the tree, thereby leading to increased yield and economic benefits.
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, an inorganic compound with the chemical formula
KH»PO4, primarily functions to promote photosynthesis, improve crop stress resistance, and control vegetative growth. It can effectively promote leaf maturation and branch lignification, not only regulating excessive growth but also promoting flower bud differentiation and fruit swelling.
Paclobutrazol, a triazole plant growth regulator with the chemical formula C1sH:OCIN:0, primarily functions to control the crop growth. It has the effects of controlling shoot growth, shortening the internodes, promoting flower bud differentiation, increasing stress resistance, and enhancing the yield.
Atonik, a plant growth regulator primarily composed of sodium ortho-nitrophenolate, sodium para-nitrophenolate, and sodium S-nitroguaiacolate, has a significant impact on the absorption function of plants and acts as an activator of plant cells. It can rapidly penetrate into plant tissues to promote the flow of protoplasm within cells, and has obvious promoting effects on plant growth, root development, flowering, and fruiting. Additionally, it can also promote the elongation of pollen tubes, which facilitates fertilization and fruit setting.
In order to seek the optimal shoot-controlling and flower-inducing medicinal liquid, experiments with varying concentrations of Paclobutrazol were designed. The trees used for experiment were 4 to 5-year-old fruiting durian trees, the experimental period covered two consecutive years, from 2021 to 2022, of experimental investigation and statistics; and the experiments were conducted at two different locations: Hainan Sanya Yucai
Ecological Durian Plantation Base, and Durian Production Base in Sandao Town, Baoting
County. In the experiment, the concentration of Paclobutrazol was set at the following six different gradient levels: 0 (control), 500-fold solution, 700-fold solution, 750-fold solution, 1000-fold solution, and 1250-fold solution. A 500-fold aqueous solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate with a concentration of 98% and a 5000-fold aqueous solution of 9
Atonik with a concentration of 1.8% were both applied normally. Two experimental sites wero oR selected in the durian production regions, with the same test varieties, tree age, and growth status chosen for each demonstration site, and the climate conditions, cultivation management, topography, and soil type were essentially consistent across the experimental sites. Three trees were randomly selected for each treatment, with three repetitions constituting one experimental plot, totaling 9 trees for each treatment. In total, there were 54 trees for the six treatments. The experiment was conducted for two consecutive years, and managed according to the planting method of pre-anthesis water control, shoot control with drugs, pre-anthesis fertilization, and pre-anthesis pruning as described in the present invention. During the experiment, the flower bud differentiation ratio, the number of fruit-bearing branches, inflorescences, fruit sets, and the yield were statistically recorded, with the statistical data averaged and the experimental results presented in Table 2.
Among the six treatments, the proportion of branch growth cessation was relatively lower in the control group. With the increase in the concentration of Paclobutrazol, the proportion of shoot control, the number of fruit-bearing branches, and the number of inflorescences increased. When the concentration exceeded 750-fold solution, the quality of flowers, the fruit setting rate, and the yield decreased slightly. When the concentration was below 1000-fold solution, the proportion of shoot control, the number of fruit-bearing branches, the number of inflorescences, the fruit setting rate, and the yield showed a decreasing trend. However, when the concentration ranged from 700 to 1000-fold solution, the effect of shoot control and flower induction remained relatively stable. The experiments showed that the use of Paclobutrazol for shoot control and flower induction at a concentration ranging from 700 to 1000-fold solution is more reasonable. Especially at 750-fold solution, it can achieve the best effect. Considering cost-effectiveness, Paclobutrazol can also be applied at a concentration ranging from 750 to 1000-fold solution. The specific concentration for use should be flexibly adjusted depending on the growth status of the durian trees and the climate conditions. For trees with strong vigor and in areas with high temperature and abundant rainfall, a relatively higher concentration can be used. Conversely, for trees with weak vigor and in areas with low temperature and dry conditions, a relatively lower concentration can be used.
Specific embodiments described in the present application have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The above description of the embodiments is intended only to aid in understanding the method and core ideas of the present application. Additionally, for those skilled in the art, based on the concepts of the present application, there may be variations within the scope of specific implementation methods. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present application. 11
Investigation | Proportion | Number of | Number of Yield Flowering items | of branch | inflorescenc | fruit sets (kg) cycles growth es (per year (cycles per cessation (per year per plant) year) (%) per plant)
Treatment
Pre-anthesis water 98.1 93 27 105.8 3 control + shoot control with drugs + pre-anthesis fertilization + pre-anthesis pruning
Pre-anthesis water 76.6 19 4 13.2 1 cycle or control sporadic
Shoot control with 87.3 21 5 17.4 1 cycle or drugs sporadic
Pre-anthesis 29.4 20 18.7 1 cycle or fertilization sporadic
Pre-anthesis 34.4 15 4 11.1 1 cycle or pruning sporadic
CK 46.8 20 3 9.3 1 cycle or sporadic
Table 1 . Proportion of | Number of Number of | Number of | Individual
Concentration ; . ; . . branch growth | fruit-bearing | inflorescences | fruit sets | plant yield used (fold IP solution) cessation (%) branches (per plant) (per plant) | (Kg per (per plant) plant) oo | 8% O1 | fee]
Table 2 12
Claims (4)
1. A method for flower induction and production period regulation of durian, comprising the following steps: pre-anthesis fertilization: applying 60 kilograms of organic fertilizer and 3 kilograms of compound fertilizer to each plant in a furrow 2 months before flower induction, applying water fertilizer twice to each plant during a budding stage, with an interval of 10 days between the two applications of water fertilizer and the amount of fertilizer applied per plant being 30 liters each time, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the compound fertilizer is 20:20:20, and the water fertilizer comprises compound fertilizer accounting for 2% of the total weight of water fertilizer and cake fertilizer accounting for 3% of the total weight of water fertilizer; pre-anthesis pruning: pruning 30+2 days before flower induction; pre-anthesis water control: stopping irrigation 20 to 25 days before flower induction, controlling vegetative growth through water stress and accumulating nutrients to promote flower bud differentiation; shoot control with drugs: spraying trunk and leaves evenly once with a shoot-controlling and flower-inducing medicinal liquid 20 days before flower induction; in the step of shoot control with drugs, the shoot-controlling and flower-inducing medicinal liquid comprises a 700 to 1000-fold aqueous solution of Paclobutrazol with a concentration of 15%, a 500-fold aqueous solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate with a concentration of 98%, and a 5000-fold aqueous solution of Atonik with a concentration of
1.8%, wherein Paclobutrazol, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and Atonik are mixed in a formula ratio to formulate the shoot-controlling and flower-inducing medicinal liquid, the amount of the shoot-controlling and flower-inducing medicinal liquid used for each plant depends on the size of the tree canopy, and it is appropriate to evenly spray the front and back sides of the leaves and the trunk without dripping the medicinal liquid; the organic fertilizer comprises one or more of well-rotted sheep manure, chicken manure and pigeon manure, the organic matter content in the organic fertilizer is more than 50%, and the furrow application comprises digging dressing furrows with a depth of 25 cm 1 and a width of 20 to 25 cm within the tree disk on the inside of the canopy projection ina eRe circular, radial or spot pattern, and burying organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer therein; in the step of pre-anthesis pruning, the height of the tree is controlled to 6 to 8 meters, with 12 to 15 skeleton branches in 4 to 5 layers, and the length of the skeleton branches and lateral branches is controlled between 2.5 and 3.0 meters. the first lateral branch is about 1 meter high from the ground, and the front and rear, left and right branches of each layer are evenly distributed around the trunk, with a spacing of 0.5 to 0.6 meters between layers, forming a tree shape that is ventilated, light-permeable, sparse and layered for high yield; the method further comprising: in the step of pre-anthesis water control, in case of excessive natural precipitation, laying a plastic sheet or ground cloth under the durian tree on the ground that is equal to or greater than 1/3 of the radius of the canopy projection to shield it from rain, to reduce the water content of the soil in the ground near the durian tree and reduce water absorption by the root system.
2. The method for flower induction and production period regulation of durian according to claim 1, wherein, during the budding stage, water fertilizer is applied by grinding organic fertilizer and cake fertilizer separately, then mixing them in water and pouring them into the tree disk in an integrated form of water fertilizer, and the cake fertilizer is one or more of bean cake, peanut bran, rapeseed cake, and sunflower seed cake.
3. The method for flower induction and production period regulation of durian according to claim 2, wherein, in the step of shoot control with drugs, the shoot-controlling and flower-inducing medicinal liquid comprises a 750-fold aqueous solution of Paclobutrazol with a concentration of 15%, a 500-fold aqueous solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate with a concentration of 98%, and a 5000-fold aqueous solution of Atonik with a concentration of
1.8%, the amount of the shoot-controlling and flower-inducing medicinal liquid used for each plant depends on the size of the tree canopy, and it is appropriate to evenly spray the front and back sides of the leaves and the trunk without dripping the medicinal liquid. 2
4. The method for flower induction and production period regulation of durian according to claim 1, wherein, the method of flower induction and production period regulation of durian is applied at least twice a year. 3
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