CN112616601A - Indoor planting method for preventing soybeans from climbing tendrils and accelerating soybean growth - Google Patents
Indoor planting method for preventing soybeans from climbing tendrils and accelerating soybean growth Download PDFInfo
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- CN112616601A CN112616601A CN202011486030.XA CN202011486030A CN112616601A CN 112616601 A CN112616601 A CN 112616601A CN 202011486030 A CN202011486030 A CN 202011486030A CN 112616601 A CN112616601 A CN 112616601A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
- A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an indoor planting method for preventing soybeans from climbing tendrils to accelerate the growth of the soybeans, wherein during the whole planting period, cereal crops are cultured under the irradiation of blue-yellow-red-far-red mixed light; in the blue-yellow-red-far-red mixed light, the proportion of the light quantum number of the blue light (400-. According to the invention, through indoor soybean planting, the high maturing rate of the soybeans, 100 days/1 maturity, no tendril climbing and lodging are realized under the regulation and control of a full artificial light environment, and pesticides are hardly used in the whole planting period.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop planting, and particularly relates to an indoor planting method for preventing soybeans from climbing tendrils to accelerate the growth of the soybeans.
Background
Soybean is an annual herbaceous plant and the most important legume in the world. Therefore, a novel planting method which shortens the planting period of soybeans, reduces the planting cost of the soybeans and improves the annual yield of the soybeans is urgently needed in China. The indoor cultivation of the soybeans is not limited by seasons, so that the land utilization rate is greatly improved, cultivation can be carried out for more than one crop a year, and the method is one of important ways for planting the soybeans in the future. However, most of the soybeans are planted indoors in an artificial climatic box at present, and due to the fact that the soybean planting technology in the complete artificial light environment is lacked, the phenomena of vine climbing and lodging easily occur in the soybeans planted indoors, and the fruiting rate is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide an indoor planting method for preventing soybeans from climbing tendrils to accelerate the growth of the soybeans.
The invention adopts the specific technical scheme that:
an indoor planting method for preventing soybean from climbing tendrils and accelerating soybean growth comprises culturing grain crops under irradiation of blue-yellow-red-far-red mixed light during whole planting period;
in the blue-yellow-red-far-red mixed light, the proportion of the light quantum number of the blue light (400-.
Preferably, in the blue-yellow-red-far-red mixed light, the proportion of the light quantum number of the blue light (400-.
Further, the indoor planting method comprises the following steps:
(1) sowing: placing seedling substrate in a hole seedling tray, watering to make the humidity of the substrate reach 90%, randomly sowing 2 soybean seeds in each hole, sowing the seeds at a depth of 1-2cm, covering soil on the surface, controlling the environmental temperature at 24-26 ℃, and removing the film after germination;
(2) seedling culture: transplanting the germinated seedling-raising tray under blue-yellow-red-far-red mixed light, wherein the light environmental conditions in the seedling-raising period are as follows: the illumination period is 12h/d, the illumination intensity is 230-;
(3) cultivation: transplanting the seedlings to a specific planting module when the height of the seedlings reaches 15-20cm, culturing under blue-yellow-red-far-red mixed light, and planting one seedling every 30cm with the planting depth of 4-6 cm; the light environment conditions are as follows: the light period is 12-14h/d, the light intensity is 300-2S; applying the compound fertilizer with 800-times liquid once in the flowering period of the soybeans, and spraying the foliar nitrogen fertilizer with 800-times liquid once; after the soybeans enter the podding period, dressing the compound fertilizer with 800-fold liquid once, and after the soybeans enter the podding and grain-expanding period, spraying the monopotassium phosphate with 800-fold liquid and the nitrogen fertilizer on the soybean leaf surfaces for 1 time respectively, wherein the interval is 7 days;
(4) harvesting: and (4) after planting for 85-82d, maturing soybean pods and harvesting.
Preferably, the seedling substrate is prepared from peat soil with the particle size of 0-10mm and vermiculite according to the volume ratio of 1: 1 and mixing uniformly to obtain the product.
Preferably, the environmental conditions in the seedling stage are as follows: the ambient temperature in the daytime is 24-26 ℃, the ambient temperature at night is 18-20 ℃,
preferably, the planting matrix in the planting module is prepared from peat soil and vermiculite with the particle size of 0-10mm according to the volume ratio of 2:1, and 5-10g of compound fertilizer and 5-10g of nitrogen fertilizer are compounded in each 1kg of planting matrix to serve as base fertilizer.
Preferably, the environmental conditions during planting in step (3) are: the ambient temperature is 24-28 ℃ in the day and 19-21 ℃ at night,
preferably, the method for managing water and fertilizer in the cultivation period comprises the following steps: the water control standard in the planting process is as follows: the water is watered when the water is dry, and the water is not watered when the water is not dry.
Has the advantages that: according to the planting method provided by the invention, the phenomena of vine climbing and lodging can not occur during the planting period of the soybeans by adopting a specific light source environment, meanwhile, the hundred-grain weight of the soybeans can be increased, and 100 days/1 maturity of the soybeans is realized.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and various substitutions and modifications can be made without departing from the technical idea of the present invention and the technical idea of the present invention.
Example of the implementation
An indoor soybean planting method capable of improving maturing rate and accelerating growth without climbing tendrils comprises the following cultivation processes:
(1) sowing: mixing peat soil with a particle size of 0-10mm and vermiculite according to a volume ratio of 1: 1, uniformly mixing for later use, putting the uniformly mixed matrix into a 32-hole sowing seed tray, watering to ensure that the humidity of the matrix reaches 90%, randomly sowing 2 soybean seeds (variety 'Zhonghuang') in each hole, sowing the seeds with the depth of 1-2cm, covering soil on the surface, controlling the environmental temperature at 24-26 ℃, and removing a film after germination;
(2) seedling culture: transplanting the seedling-raising tray after germination into a seedling-raising light environment, ensuring that the ambient temperature in the daytime is 24-26 ℃, the ambient temperature at night is 18-20 ℃, the illumination period is 12h/d, the illumination intensity is 230-.
(3) Cultivation: transplanting the seedlings to a specific planting module when the seedlings grow to 15-20cm in height, wherein planting matrixes are peat soil and vermiculite with the particle size of 0-10mm and are prepared according to the volume ratio of 2:1, 5-10g of compound fertilizer and 5-10g of nitrogen fertilizer are compounded in each 1kg of matrixes to serve as base fertilizers, one seedling is planted at intervals of 30cm, and the planting depth is 4-6 cm. The temperature of the planting environment is 24-28 ℃ in the daytime and 19-21 ℃ at night, the photoperiod is 12-14h/d, and the light intensity is 300-2S. And (3) topdressing the compound fertilizer with 800-1000 times of liquid once in the soybean flowering phase, and spraying the foliar nitrogen fertilizer with 800-time of liquid once. After the soybeans enter the podding period, the compound fertilizer with 800 times of liquid is applied once, and after the soybeans enter the podding and grain-expanding period, the 800 times of liquid monopotassium phosphate and nitrogen fertilizer are respectively sprayed on the leaf surfaces of the soybeans for 1 time (the interval is 7 days). Planting process waterThe sub-control standard is as follows: the water is watered when the water is dry, and the water is not watered when the water is not dry.
(4) Harvesting: and (4) after planting for 85-82d, the soybean pods are ripe, harvesting is carried out, and the weight of the hundred grains and the number of the individual plant pods hung are weighed.
The light quality formula in the planting period (seedling culture and cultivation) is as follows: the proportion of the light quantum number of 400-499nm to the total light quantum is 47-52%, the proportion of the light quantum number of 500-599nm to the total light quantum is 6-10%, the proportion of the light quantum number of 600-699nm to the total light quantum is 35-40%, and the proportion of the light quantum number of 700-780nm to the total light quantum is 4-8%. The following table 1 shows the specific light quality formula and experimental results of each example and each control example, which are set for 5 experimental groups, i.e., examples 1 to 5, and 3 control groups, i.e., control examples 1 to 3:
TABLE 1
From the results, it can be seen that the photopic formulation of the present invention was selected for indoor cultivation of soybeans without climbing vines and lodging, wherein the soybeans of examples 4-5 had more pod-hanging per plant and a larger weight of one hundred grains.
Although the embodiments have been described, once they learn of the basic inventive concept, those skilled in the art can make further changes and modifications to these embodiments, so that these embodiments are merely examples of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes that can be used in the present specification, directly or indirectly, in other related fields are encompassed by the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An indoor planting method for preventing soybean from climbing tendrils to accelerate the growth of soybeans is characterized in that during the whole planting period, cereal crops are cultured under the irradiation of blue-yellow-red-far-red mixed light;
in the blue-yellow-red-far-red mixed light, the proportion of the light quantum number of the blue light (400-.
2. The indoor planting method for preventing the soybean from climbing tendrils to accelerate the growth of the soybeans as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the blue-yellow-red-far-red mixed light, the ratio of the number of the light quanta of blue light (400 + 499nm) to the total number of the light quanta is 47-52%, the ratio of the number of the light quanta of yellow light (500 + 599nm) to the total number of the light quanta is 6-10%, the ratio of the number of the light quanta of red light (600 + 699nm) to the total number of the light quanta is 35-40%, and the ratio of the number of the light quanta of far-red light (700 + 780nm) to the total number of the light quanta is 4-8%.
3. An indoor planting method for preventing soybean from climbing tendrils to accelerate the growth of soybeans according to claim 1 or 2, which comprises the following steps:
(1) sowing: placing seedling substrate in a hole seedling tray, watering to make the humidity of the substrate reach 90%, randomly sowing 2 soybean seeds in each hole, sowing the seeds at a depth of 1-2cm, covering soil on the surface, controlling the environmental temperature at 24-26 ℃, and removing the film after germination;
(2) seedling culture: transplanting the germinated seedling-raising tray under blue-yellow-red-far-red mixed light, wherein the light environmental conditions in the seedling-raising period are as follows: the illumination period is 12h/d, the illumination intensity is 230-;
(3) cultivation: transplanting the seedlings to a specific planting module when the height of the seedlings reaches 15-20cm, culturing under blue-yellow-red-far-red mixed light, and planting one seedling every 30cm with the planting depth of 4-6 cm; the light environment conditions are as follows: the light period is 12-14h/d, the light intensity is 300-2S; applying the compound fertilizer with 800-1000 times of liquid once in the flowering phase of the soybeans and sprayingA leaf surface nitrogen fertilizer with the primary concentration of 800 times of the solution; after the soybeans enter the podding period, dressing the compound fertilizer with 800-fold liquid once, and after the soybeans enter the podding and grain-expanding period, spraying the monopotassium phosphate with 800-fold liquid and the nitrogen fertilizer on the soybean leaf surfaces for 1 time respectively, wherein the interval is 7 days;
(4) harvesting: and (4) after planting for 85-82d, maturing soybean pods and harvesting.
4. The indoor planting method for preventing the soybean from climbing tendrils to accelerate the growth of the soybeans as claimed in claim 3, wherein the seedling culture substrate is prepared by mixing peat soil with the particle size of 0-10mm and vermiculite according to a volume ratio of 1: 1 and mixing uniformly to obtain the product.
5. The indoor planting method for preventing the soybean from climbing tendrils to accelerate the growth of the soybeans as claimed in claim 3, wherein the environmental conditions in the seedling raising period are as follows: the ambient temperature in the daytime is 24-26 ℃, and the temperature at night is 18-20 ℃.
6. The indoor planting method for preventing the soybeans from climbing tendrils to accelerate the growth of the soybeans according to claim 3, wherein planting matrixes in the planting module are made of peat soil and vermiculite with the grain diameter of 0-10mm according to the volume ratio of 2:1, and 5-10g of compound fertilizer and 5-10g of nitrogen fertilizer are compounded in each 1kg of the planting matrixes as base fertilizers.
7. An indoor planting method for preventing soybean from climbing tendrils to accelerate the growth of soybeans according to claim 3, wherein the environmental conditions during the planting in the step (3) are as follows: the ambient temperature is 24-28 ℃ in the day and 19-21 ℃ at night.
8. The indoor planting method for preventing the soybean from climbing tendrils to accelerate the growth of the soybeans as claimed in claim 3, wherein the water and fertilizer management method in the cultivation period is as follows: the water control standard in the planting process is as follows: the water is watered when the water is dry, and the water is not watered when the water is not dry.
Priority Applications (2)
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CN202011486030.XA CN112616601A (en) | 2020-12-16 | 2020-12-16 | Indoor planting method for preventing soybeans from climbing tendrils and accelerating soybean growth |
PCT/CN2021/107138 WO2022127107A1 (en) | 2020-12-16 | 2021-07-19 | Indoor planting method for preventing soybean vines from climbing to accelerate soybean growth |
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Cited By (2)
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WO2022127107A1 (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2022-06-23 | 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 | Indoor planting method for preventing soybean vines from climbing to accelerate soybean growth |
CN118556595A (en) * | 2024-08-02 | 2024-08-30 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Soybean accelerated breeding method |
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