CN111642262A - Method for controlling plant growth - Google Patents
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- CN111642262A CN111642262A CN202010516929.5A CN202010516929A CN111642262A CN 111642262 A CN111642262 A CN 111642262A CN 202010516929 A CN202010516929 A CN 202010516929A CN 111642262 A CN111642262 A CN 111642262A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
- A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/15—Leaf crops, e.g. lettuce or spinach
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Hydroponics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for controlling plant growth, which mainly realizes the control of the plant growth and development by adjusting the light quantum ratio of the ratio of far-red light (700-.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for controlling plant growth.
Background
The light is used as an important environmental factor in the growth and development process of plants, not only provides energy for photosynthesis, but also is used as a signal factor and plays an important role in the aspects of plant morphogenesis and growth and development. The growth and development of plants are not only limited by the light cycle or light intensity, but also affected by the light quality, i.e. the light radiation with different wavelengths and their different composition ratios.
Photopic refers to the constituent components of light at wavelengths that affect plant photosynthesis and photomorphogenesis. Sunlight contains approximately 4% ultraviolet, 52% infrared and 44% visible light (Moore et al, 2003). The solar spectrum is a full spectrum, and the components of the solar spectrum comprise 200-400nm Ultraviolet (UV), 400-700nm visible light (effective photosynthetic radiation, PAR) and 700-800nm far-red light (FR) which have important biological effects and play a role in regulating the photomorphogenesis of plants. Plants are primarily sensitive to light of different wavelengths through photoreceptors. The currently known plant photoreceptors can be divided into four categories: photosensitizers that sense red and far-red light, cryptochrome and NPH1 (to photopin 1) that sense UV-a and blue light, and one or several yet unidentified UV-B receptors. These photoreceptors sense different photoplasms and then regulate the growth and development of crops, mainly including seed germination, root system growth, stem growth, leaf growth, flowering, and the like, through differential regulation and interaction between them. Blue light is one of the main bands for photosynthesis of plants, and has an important regulation effect on the growth and development of plants. The far-red light can not directly act on photosynthesis, but is used as an environmental signal to regulate the growth and development process and metabolism of plants, and the two major effects of the far-red light on the plants are mainly expressed in the shade-avoiding effect and the flowering induction effect of the plants.
At present, many researchers have developed the study of light quality for plant growth and development, and the light quality control for plant growth and development is mainly realized by adjusting the ratio of red light to blue light (R/B) and the ratio of red light to far-red light (R/FR). Regulation of plant photomorphogenesis and growth by modulating the ratio of far-red light to blue light (FR/B) has not been reported.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for controlling plant growth, which mainly realizes the control of the plant growth and development by adjusting the light quantum ratio of the ratio of far-red light (700-780nm) to blue light (400-499nm) in the spectrum.
The invention adopts the specific technical scheme that:
a method for controlling plant growth, during the plant growth, the light quantum ratio of far-red light (700-780nm) and blue light (400-499nm) is controlled to be 0.7-1.5: 1.
preferably, the cultivation light source adopts LED artificial light.
Preferably, in the whole light source composition, the ratio of the number of light quanta of far-red light (700-780nm) is 11-22%, and the ratio of the number of light quanta of blue light (400-499nm) is 10-16%.
Preferably, the plant variety is selected from lettuce, pakchoi, cucumber, tomato, sweet pepper and pansy.
Preferably, the environmental conditions during the planting period are that the day and night temperature is 21-26 ℃/18-20 ℃, and the humidity is 60-70%.
Preferably, during the field planting, the light intensity is 200-.
Further, the plant cultivation medium is a traditional soil or soilless culture substrate or nutrient solution. When adopting the nutrient solution cultivation, can plant the seedling branch to the water planting module on, keep 2/3's root system to soak in the nutrient solution, adopt different nutrient solutions according to the plant of difference, for example, lettuce nutrient solution adopts the hoagland nutrient solution. The EC of the nutrient solution is 1.5-1.8, the pH is 5.5-7.5, the temperature of the nutrient solution is 18-22 ℃, and the dissolved oxygen is 5-6 mg/L. Meanwhile, different plant varieties also comprise different sowing pregermination methods. For example, the method for sowing and pregermination of lettuce comprises: selecting full lettuce seeds, soaking in 50-55 deg.C warm water for 15-20min, and soaking in 25-30 deg.C clear water for 7-8 h. Sowing the seeds which are soaked into a seedling raising sponge block, 1 seed in each hole, adding pure water on a tray below the sponge block, keeping the water level of the pure water flush below the surface of the sponge, spraying water mist to the seeds by using a spray can after sowing, keeping the surface humidity, putting the seeds into a germination accelerating box at the temperature of 22-25 ℃ for accelerating germination, keeping the humidity at 70-80%, and spraying water to the seeds every 12 hours.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method for controlling the plant growth controls the light quantum ratio of the far-red light (700-.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a comparison of the morphology of elegant lettuce cultivated in example 1, the control group LED lamp 1 on the left and the test group LED lamp 7 on the right;
FIG. 2 shows a morphological comparison of the Peking green peduncle No. 4 vegetable cultivated in example 2, the left is a control LED lamp 19, and the right is a test LED lamp 12;
FIG. 3 shows a comparison of the morphology of a flower of corydalis impatiens cultivated in example 5, the left being a control LED lamp 23 and the right being an example LED lamp 20;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a peak value of light wave of the LED lamp 5;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the peak value of light wave of the LED lamp 6;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a peak value of light wave of the LED lamp 7;
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and various substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the technical idea of the present invention as described above, according to the common technical knowledge and the conventional means in the field.
Example 1
Soaking elegant lettuce, sowing into sponge blocks with 1 seed per hole, then putting into a germination accelerating box at 23 ℃ for accelerating germination, after the seeds are exposed to white, transferring into water culture nutrient solution for seedling cultivation management, wherein the EC value of the nutrient solution is 0.8-1.2mS/cm, the pH is 6.0-7.0, until 4-5 true leaves are cultivated, selecting the seedlings with 4-5 true leaves, transplanting the seedlings onto a field planting plate, the spacing between field planting lines is 12cm × 20cm, and putting into a nutrient solution tank for cultivation, adopting nutrient solution film water culture technology, controlling the EC temperature of the nutrient solution between 1.5-1.8mS/cm, the pH between 6.0-7.0, simultaneously controlling the temperature of the nutrient solution at 21 ℃, the dissolved oxygen amount at 5-6mg/L, controlling the ambient temperature at 21 ℃, the humidity at 18 ℃ in the daytime, controlling the air at 60-70%, and CO at night2The concentration was 1000 ppm. The light source uses fluorescent lamp as comparison group 1, and sets other 4 comparison group and 6 test group spectra, the light intensity is 250 μmol · m-2·s-1The photoperiod is 12h/d, and the planting cultivation is 21 d. Culturing elegant lettuce according to the above cultivation method, using light source parameters as each test group and control group, and obtaining fresh weight of each plant in each test group and control groupWeighing to obtain the fresh weight of the upper part of the plant root, and evaluating the facies. The test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
The test result shows that: compared with the control group 1-5, the light source scheme of the test group 1-6 is adopted to improve the yield of elegant lettuce, wherein the yield of the test group 5 is improved by 30.42% compared with the fluorescent lamp of the control group 1, and meanwhile, the quality of vegetables is ensured.
Example 2
Soaking green stem vegetable of Jingguan No. 4, sowing into sponge blocks, placing into germination accelerating box with 23 deg.C for accelerating germination, after the seeds are exposed to white, transferring into water culture nutrient solution to make seedling cultivation management, the EC value of nutrient solution is 0.8-1.2mS/cm, pH is 6.0-7.0, until 4-5 true leaves are cultivated, selecting neat and uniform seedling with 4-5 true leaves, transplanting and planting on planting plate, planting row spacing is 12cm × 20cm, and placing into nutrient solution tank to make cultivation, adopting nutrient solution film technology, controlling EC temperature of nutrient solution between 1.5-1.8mS/cm, pH is 6.0-7.0, and controlling temperature of nutrient solution at 21 deg.C, dissolved oxygen at 5-6mg/L, environmental temperature at 21 deg.C, night at 18 deg.C, air at 60-70%, CO at 6.0-7.0, and making field planting2The concentration was 1000 ppm. The light source uses fluorescent lamp as comparison group 1, and sets other 4 comparison group and 5 test group spectra, the light intensity is 250 μmol · m-2·s-1The photoperiod is 12h/d, and the field planting cultivation is 17 d. Culturing the Jingguan No. 4 green stem vegetable according to the cultivation method, taking the light source parameter as each test group and a control group, weighing the fresh weight of each plant of the green stem vegetable obtained in each test group and the control group, and evaluating the morphological loose degree grade index of the whole plant. The test results are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
The test result shows that: compared with a control group 1-5, the yield of the Jingguan No. 4 green stem vegetable is improved by adopting a light source scheme of the test group 1-5, wherein the yield of the test group 1 is increased by 29.58% compared with the yield of the control group 1 through a fluorescent lamp, and meanwhile, the quality of vegetables is also ensured.
Example 3
Selecting seeds of Jinhuaxing sweet pepper with plump seeds, soaking the seeds in warm water at 55 ℃ for 10min, and then soaking the seeds in clear water at 30 ℃ for 8 h. Wrapping with gauze, placing in 30 deg.C incubator for accelerating germination, sowing the seeds into seedling sponge blocks with 1 seed per hole after the seeds are exposed, and performing seedling stage management with nutrient solution EC value of 0.8-1.2mS/cm and pH of 6.0-7.0 until 5-6 true leaves are cultured. The sweet pepper seedlings are separately planted on the water planting module, the planting density is 8 plants per square meter, 2/3 root systems are kept to be soaked in nutrient solution, the EC of the nutrient solution is 2.2, the pH value is 6.0-7.0, the temperature of the nutrient solution is 22 ℃, the dissolved oxygen is 6mg/L, the environmental temperature is 26 ℃ in the daytime, 18 ℃ at night, the air humidity is 60-70%, and CO is absorbed by the soil2The concentration was 1000 ppm. The light source uses fluorescent lamp as reference group 1, and sets other 4 reference group and 4 test group spectra, the light intensity is 500 μmol · m-2·s-1The photoperiod is 12h/d, and the planting cultivation is 110 d. Culturing the Jinhuaxing sweet peppers according to the cultivation method, taking the light source parameters as each test group and a control group, obtaining the unit area yield of the sweet peppers in each test group and each control group, and collecting plant height data. The test results are shown in table 3:
TABLE 3
The test result shows that: compared with a control group 1-5, the yield of the golden Huaxing sweet peppers is improved by adopting a light source scheme of a test group 1-4, wherein the yield of a fluorescent lamp of the test group 4 is increased by 26.50% compared with that of the control group 1, and meanwhile, the height of the whole sweet pepper plant under the 4 test groups is controlled at a proper level, so that the multi-layer planting of sweet pepper plants in a factory is facilitated.
Example 4
Selecting 83-16 fruit cucumber seeds with plump seeds, soaking seeds in warm water at 55 deg.C for 10min, and soaking seeds in clear water at 30 deg.C for 8 h. Wrapping with gauze, placing in 30 deg.C incubator for accelerating germination, sowing the seeds into seedling sponge blocks with 1 seed per hole after the seeds are exposed, and performing seedling stage management with nutrient solution EC value of 0.8-1.2mS/cm and pH of 6.0-7.0 until 5-6 true leaves are cultured. The cucumber seedlings are separately planted on the water planting module, the planting density is 8 plants per square meter, 2/3 root systems are kept to be soaked in nutrient solution, the EC of the nutrient solution is 2.2, the pH value is 6.0-7.0, the temperature of the nutrient solution is 22 ℃, the dissolved oxygen is 6mg/L, the environmental temperature is 26 ℃ in the daytime, 18 ℃ at night, the air humidity is 60-70%, and CO is absorbed by the soil2The concentration was 1000 ppm. The light source uses fluorescent lamp as reference group 1, and sets other 4 reference group and 4 test group spectra, the light intensity is 500 μmol · m-2·s-1The photoperiod is 14h/d, and the field planting cultivation lasts 60 d. Culturing 83-16 fruit cucumber according to the above cultivation method, taking light source parameter as each test group and control group, obtaining fruit cucumber unit area yield of each test group and control group, and calculating the length of cucumber plant internode. The test results are shown in table 4:
TABLE 4
The test result shows that: compared with the control group 1-5, the light source scheme adopted by the test group 1-4 improves the yield of 83-16 fruit cucumbers, wherein the yield of the test group 4 is increased by 29.41 percent compared with the control group 1 through a fluorescent lamp, and the internode length of the cucumbers treated by the 4 test groups is controlled at a proper level.
Example 5
Selecting full-seed corydalis corchorifolia flower seeds, soaking the seeds for 5h at normal temperature, sowing the seeds into sponge squares soaked by RO water, wherein 1 seed is placed in each hole, then placing the sponge squares into a germination accelerating box at 23 ℃ for accelerating germination, and after the seeds are exposed to the white, performing seedling period management, wherein the EC value of a nutrient solution is 0.8-1.2mS/cm, the pH value is 6.0-7.0, and the seeds are cultivated until 5 true leaves are obtained. Selecting regular and consistent seedlings, planting the seedlings on a planting plate, and planting the seedlings in rowsSpacing of 15cm × 20cm, culturing in nutrient solution tank with EC of 1.4-1.8mS/cm, pH of 6.0-7.0, temperature of 21 deg.C, dissolved oxygen amount of 5-6mg/L, ambient temperature of 21 deg.C in daytime, 18 deg.C at night, air humidity of 60-70%, and CO concentration of 21-18%2The concentration was 1000 ppm. The light source used a fluorescent lamp as comparative example 1, and the spectra of 4 comparative examples and 4 examples were set, and the light intensity was 250. mu. mol. m-2·s-1The photoperiod is 12h/d, and the field planting cultivation lasts 30 d. Culturing the corydalis edulis flowers according to the cultivation method, taking the light source parameters as each test group and each control group, counting the flowering number of the corydalis edulis obtained from each test group and each control group, and counting the internode length of the corydalis edulis plants. The test results are shown in table 5:
TABLE 5
The test result shows that: compared with the control group 1-5, the light source scheme of the test group 1-4 improves the flowering quantity of the corydalis tuber flowers, and simultaneously maintains the compactness of plant shapes, wherein the yield of the test group 4 is increased by 40.48 percent compared with the fluorescent lamp of the control group 1.
Although the embodiments have been described, once the basic inventive concept is obtained, other variations and modifications of these embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art, so that the above embodiments are only examples of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes using the contents of the present specification and drawings, or any other related technical fields, which are directly or indirectly applied thereto, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for controlling plant growth is characterized in that during the plant growth, the ratio of light quantum of far-red light (700-: 1.
2. the method of claim 1, wherein the cultivation light source is an LED artificial light.
3. The method for controlling plant growth according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ratio of the number of light quanta of far-red light (700-780nm) is 11-22% and the ratio of the number of light quanta of blue light (400-499nm) is 10-16% in the whole light source composition.
4. Method for controlling plant growth according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the plant species is selected from lettuce, pakchoi, cucumber, tomato, sweet pepper, pansy.
5. The method for controlling plant growth according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the environmental conditions during the planting period are a day-night temperature of 21-26 ℃/18-20 ℃ and a humidity of 60-70%.
6. The method for controlling the growth of plants according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the light intensity is 200 μmol/square meter/s and the light period is 7-15h/d during the planting period.
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| WO2021248642A1 (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2021-12-16 | 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 | Method for controlling plant growth |
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| CN113632655A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-11-12 | 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 | Luminous environment for regulating indoor melon, fruit and vegetable vegetative growth and reproductive growth balance |
| CN114847030A (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2022-08-05 | 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 | Light environment regulation and control method for regulating and controlling growth and development of roots of kombucha |
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