WO2021248642A1

WO2021248642A1 - Method for controlling plant growth

Info

Publication number: WO2021248642A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/103727
Authority: WO
Inventors: 李绍华; 李阳; 陈艺群; 马健; 张森
Original assignee: 福建省中科生物股份有限公司
Priority date: 2020-06-09
Filing date: 2020-07-23
Publication date: 2021-12-16
Also published as: CN111642262A

Abstract

Disclosed is a method for controlling plant growth. Control to plant growth and development is achieved mainly by adjusting the ratio of photons of 700-780 nm far red light and 400-499 nm blue light in a spectrum.

Description

A method of controlling plant growth

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, and specifically relates to a method for controlling plant growth.

Background technique

As an important environmental factor in the process of plant growth and development, light not only provides energy for photosynthesis, but also acts as a signal factor, playing an important regulatory role in plant morphogenesis, growth and development. The growth and development of plants is not only restricted by the photoperiod or light intensity, but also by the light quality, that is, the light radiation of different wavelengths and their different composition ratios.

Light quality refers to the component of light that affects the wavelength of photosynthesis and photomorphogenesis of plants. There are approximately 4% ultraviolet light, 52% infrared radiation and 44% visible light in sunlight (Moore et al., 2003). The solar spectrum is a full spectrum. Among its components, 200-400nm ultraviolet (UV), 400-700nm visible light (effective photosynthetic radiation, PAR) and 700-800nm far-red light (FR) have important biological effects on plants. The light morphology of the building plays a regulatory role. Plants mainly receive light of different wavelengths through photoreceptors. The photoreceptors of plants currently known can be divided into four categories: photosensitive pigments that sense red light and far-red light, cryptochromes and NPH1 (phototropin 1) that sense UV-A and blue light, and one or more Unidentified UV-B receptor. These photoreceptors sense different light qualities, and then regulate the growth and development of crops through their differential regulation and interaction, mainly including seed germination, root growth, stem growth, leaf growth, flowering, etc. Blue light is one of the main wavelengths for photosynthesis of plants, and at the same time, blue light plays an important role in regulating the growth and development of plants. Although far-red light cannot directly act on photosynthesis, it is used as an environmental signal to regulate the growth and development process and metabolism of plants. The two major effects of far-red light on plants are mainly reflected in the shade avoidance and flowering induction of plants.

At present, many researchers have carried out research on light quality for plant growth and development. The light quality control for plant growth and development is mainly to adjust the ratio of red to blue light (R/B) and the ratio of red light to far red light (R/FR). )to realise. There is no report on the regulation of the photomorphogenesis and growth of plants by adjusting the ratio of far red and blue light (FR/B).

Summary of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for controlling plant growth, which is mainly achieved by adjusting the photon ratio of the far red light (700-780nm) and blue light (400-499nm) in the spectrum. Control plant growth and development.

The specific technical scheme adopted by the present invention is:

A method for controlling plant growth. During plant growth, the ratio of light quantum of far red light (700-780nm) and blue light (400-499nm) is controlled at 0.7-1.5:1.

Preferably, the cultivation light source adopts LED artificial light.

Preferably, in the entire light source composition, far-red light (700-780nm) photons account for 11-22%, and blue light (400-499nm) photons account for 10-16%.

Preferably, the plant variety is selected from lettuce, pakchoi, cucumber, tomato, sweet pepper, pansy.

Preferably, the environmental conditions during the planting period are the day and night temperature of 21-26°C/18-20°C, and the humidity of 60-70%.

Preferably, during the colonization period, the light intensity is 200-600 μmol/㎡·s, and the photoperiod is 7-15 h/d.

Further, the plant cultivation medium is a traditional soil or soilless cultivation medium or nutrient solution. When using nutrient solution cultivation, the seedlings can be planted on the hydroponic module, keeping 2/3 of the root system soaked in the nutrient solution, and different nutrient solutions are used according to different plants. For example, the lettuce nutrient solution uses Hoagland Nutrient solution. The EC of the nutrient solution is 1.5-1.8, the pH is 5.5-7.5, the temperature of the nutrient solution is 18-22°C, and the amount of dissolved oxygen is 5-6 mg/L. At the same time, different plant varieties also contain different seeding methods for accelerating germination. For example, the method of sowing and accelerating the germination of lettuce is: select lettuce seeds with full grains, soak them in warm water at 50-55°C for 15-20 minutes, and then soak them in clear water at 25-30°C for 7-8 hours. Sow the soaked seeds into the seedling sponge block, 1 seed per hole, and add pure water to the tray below. The height of the pure water level is indicated as level under the sponge. After sowing, use a watering can to spray the seeds to maintain water mist. The surface humidity is then placed in a 22-25 ℃ germination box for germination, the humidity is maintained at 70-80%, and the seeds are sprayed with water every 12h.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the method for controlling plant growth of the present invention can promote the accumulation of plant biomass by adjusting the light quantum ratio of the far red light (700-780nm) and blue light (400-499nm) in the spectrum to 0.7-1.5. , While ensuring the coordination of plant morphology.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 shows the morphological comparison of the elegant lettuce cultivated in Example 1. The left is the control group LED light 1, and the right is the test group LED light 7;

Figure 2 shows the morphological comparison of Jingguan No. 4 Qinggengcai cultivated in Example 2. The left is the control group LED light 19, and the right is the test group LED light 12;

Fig. 3 shows the morphological comparison of pansy flowers cultivated in Example 5. The left is the LED lamp 23 of the control example, and the right is the LED lamp 20 of the embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the light wave peak value of the LED lamp 5;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the light wave peak value of the LED lamp 6;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the light wave peak value of the LED lamp 7;

detailed description

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the examples, but the implementation of the present invention is not limited to this. Without departing from the above technical ideas of the present invention, various substitutions and changes can be made based on common technical knowledge and conventional means in the field. , Should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Soak the elegant lettuce seeds in a sponge cube, 1 per hole, and then put them in a 23℃ germination box for germination. After the seeds are white, they will be transferred to the hydroponic nutrient solution for seedling management. The nutrient solution EC value is 0.8 -1.2mS/cm, pH 6.0-7.0, until 4-5 true leaves are cultivated. Select neatly and consistent seedlings with 4-5 true leaves to transplant and plant on the planting plate, with a spacing of 12cm×20cm between the planting rows, and place them in the nutrient solution tank for cultivation. The nutrient liquid membrane hydroponic technology, nutrient solution EC Control between 1.5-1.8mS/cm and pH 6.0-7.0. During the whole planting period, the temperature of the nutrient solution is controlled at 21℃, the dissolved oxygen content is 5-6mg/L, and the ambient temperature is 21℃ during the day and at night. At 18°C, the air humidity is 60-70%, and the CO ₂ concentration is 1000 ppm. The light source is a fluorescent lamp as the control group 1, and another 4 control groups and 6 test groups are set up. The light intensity is 250 μmol·m ^-2 ·s ^-1 , the photoperiod is 12h/d, and the planting and cultivation are 21 days. The elegant lettuce was cultivated according to the above-mentioned cultivation method, and the light source parameters were used as each test group and control group. The fresh weights of individual plants obtained in each test group and control group were weighed to obtain the fresh weight of the upper part of the plant roots, and determine the quality Out evaluation. The test results are shown in Table 1:

Table 1

The test results show that: compared with the control group 1-5, the use of the test group 1-6 light source program increased the yield of elegant lettuce, in which the test group 5 increased the output of fluorescent light by 30.42% than the control group 1, while also ensuring the quality of the vegetables. .

Example 2

After soaking the seeds of Jingguan No. 4 Qingjingcai in a sponge cube, 1 seed per hole, and then put it in a germination box at 23°C for germination. After the seeds are white, they are transferred to the hydroponic nutrient solution for seedling management. The nutrient solution The EC value is 0.8-1.2ms/cm, and the pH is 6.0-7.0, until 4-5 true leaves are cultivated. Select neatly and consistent seedlings with 4-5 true leaves to transplant and plant on the planting plate, with a spacing of 12cm×20cm between the planting rows, and place them in the nutrient solution tank for cultivation. The nutrient liquid membrane hydroponic technology, nutrient solution EC Control between 1.5-1.8mS/cm and pH 6.0-7.0. During the whole planting period, the temperature of the nutrient solution is controlled at 21℃, the dissolved oxygen content is 5-6mg/L, and the ambient temperature is 21℃ during the day and at night. At 18°C, the air humidity is 60-70%, and the CO ₂ concentration is 1000 ppm. The light source is a fluorescent lamp as the control group 1, and another 4 control groups and 5 test groups are set. The light intensity is 250 μmol·m ^-2 ·s ^-1 , the photoperiod is 12h/d, and the colonization and cultivation are 17 days. According to the above-mentioned cultivation method, Jingguan No. 4 Qinggengcai was cultivated, and the light source parameters were used as each test group and control group. The fresh weight of the individual Qinggencai obtained in each test group and control group was weighed, and the morphology of the whole plant was weighed. The degree of looseness is evaluated by the quality index. The test results are shown in Table 2:

Table 2

The test results show that: compared with the control group 1-5, the use of the test group 1-5 light source program increased the yield of Jingguan 4 Qinggancai, and the test group 1 increased the output by 29.58% compared with the control group 1 with fluorescent lamps, and at the same time guaranteed The appearance of the vegetables.

Example 3

Select the full-grained Jinhuaxing sweet pepper seeds, soak them in warm water at 55°C for 10 minutes, and then soak them in clear water at 30°C for 8 hours. Wrap it with gauze and place it in a 30°C constant temperature box for sprouting. After the seeds are white, sow the seeds into the seedling sponge block, 1 seed per hole. After sowing, the seedling period management is carried out, and the nutrient solution EC value is 0.8 -1.2mS/cm, pH 6.0-7.0, until 5-6 true leaves are cultivated. Plant the sweet pepper seedlings on hydroponic modules at a planting density of 8 plants/㎡. Keep 2/3 of the root system soaked in the nutrient solution. The EC of the nutrient solution is 2.2, the pH is 6.0-7.0, and the temperature of the nutrient solution is 22. ℃, the amount of dissolved oxygen is 6mg/L, the ambient temperature conditions are 26℃ during the day and 18℃ at night, the air humidity is 60-70%, and the CO ₂ concentration is 1000ppm. The light source is a fluorescent lamp as the control group 1, and another 4 control groups and 4 test groups are set up. The light intensity is 500 μmol·m ^-2 ·s ^-1 , the photoperiod is 12h/d, and the colonization and cultivation are 110 days. The Jinhuaxing sweet pepper was cultivated according to the above cultivation method, and the light source parameters were used as each test group and control group. The yield per unit area of the sweet pepper obtained in each test group and control group was collected, and plant height data were collected. The test results are shown in Table 3:

table 3

The test results show that compared with the control group 1-5, the use of the test group 1-4 light source program increased the yield of Jinhuaxing sweet peppers. Among them, the test group 4 increased the output by 26.50% compared with the control group 1 with fluorescent lamps. At the same time, the 4 test groups The height of the entire plant of the sweet pepper is controlled at a more appropriate level, which is conducive to the realization of multi-layer planting of the sweet pepper plant.

Example 4

Choose 83-16 fruit cucumber seeds with full grains, soak them in warm water at 55°C for 10 minutes, and then soak them in clean water at 30°C for 8 hours. Wrap it with gauze and place it in a 30°C constant temperature box for sprouting. After the seeds are white, sow the seeds into the seedling sponge block, 1 seed per hole. After sowing, the seedling period management is carried out, and the nutrient solution EC value is 0.8 -1.2mS/cm, pH 6.0-7.0, until 5-6 true leaves are cultivated. Plant the cucumber seedlings on hydroponic modules at a planting density of 8 plants/㎡. Keep 2/3 of the roots soaked in the nutrient solution. The EC of the nutrient solution is 2.2, the pH is 6.0-7.0, and the temperature of the nutrient solution is 22°C. , The dissolved oxygen content is 6mg/L, the ambient temperature conditions are 26°C during the day and 18°C at night, the air humidity is 60-70%, and the CO ₂ concentration is 1000 ppm. The light source is a fluorescent lamp as the control group 1, and another 4 control groups and 4 test group spectra are set. The light intensity is 500 μmol·m ^-2 ·s ^-1 , the photoperiod is 14h/d, and the colonization and cultivation are 60 days. According to the above cultivation method, 83-16 fruit cucumbers were cultivated, and the light source parameters were used as each test group and control group. The yield per unit area of fruit cucumbers obtained in each test group and control group was calculated, and the internode length of cucumber plants was counted. The test results are shown in Table 4:

Table 4

The results of the test showed that compared with the control group 1-5, the use of the test group 1-4 light source program increased the yield of 83-16 fruit cucumbers. Among them, the test group 4 increased the yield by 29.41% compared to the control group 1 with fluorescent lamps. At the same time, 4 test groups The internode length of the cucumber under the treatment is controlled at a more appropriate level.

Example 5

Choose horny pansy flower seeds with full grains, soak them at room temperature for 5 hours, sow them in a sponge square soaked with RO water, 1 seed per hole, and then place them in a 23℃ germination box for germination. After the seeds become white, manage the seedling period , The nutrient solution has an EC value of 0.8-1.2mS/cm and a pH of 6.0-7.0, until 5 true leaves are cultivated. Select neat and consistent seedlings and plant them on the planting plate. The spacing between the planting rows is 15cm×20cm, and then put them in the nutrient solution tank for cultivation. During the whole planting period, the nutrient solution EC is controlled between 1.4-1.8mS/cm and the pH is 6.0- 7.0, the temperature of the nutrient solution is controlled at 21°C, the dissolved oxygen content is 5-6mg/L, the ambient temperature conditions are 21°C during the day and 18°C at night, the air humidity is 60-70%, and the CO ₂ concentration is 1000 ppm. The light source is a fluorescent lamp as Comparative Example 1, and another 4 kinds of comparative examples and 4 kinds of example spectra are set, the light intensity is 250 μmol·m ^-2 ·s ^-1 , the photoperiod is 12 h/d, and the colonization and cultivation are 30 days. The hornbeam flowers were cultivated according to the above-mentioned cultivation method, and the light source parameters were used as each test group and control group. The number of hornbeam blossoms obtained in each test group and control group was counted, and the internode length of hornbeam plants was counted. The test results are shown in Table 5:

table 5

The results of the test showed that compared with the control group 1-5, the light source scheme of the test group 1-4 increased the flower blooming of hornbeam while maintaining the compactness of the plant morphology. The test group 4 was more fluorescent than the control group 1. The yield is 40.48%.

Although the foregoing embodiments have been described, those skilled in the art can make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they learn the basic creative concept. Therefore, the foregoing is only the implementation of the present invention. For example, this does not limit the scope of patent protection of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the content of the description and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, shall be included in the same principle. The invention is within the scope of patent protection.

Claims

A method for controlling plant growth, which is characterized in that, during plant growth, the photon ratio of far-red light (700-780nm) and blue light (400-499nm) is controlled at 0.7-1.5:1.
The method for controlling plant growth according to claim 1, wherein the cultivation light source adopts LED artificial light.
The method for controlling plant growth according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, in the entire light source composition, far-red light (700-780nm) photons account for 11-22%, and blue light (400-499nm) The proportion of light quanta is 10-16%.
The method for controlling plant growth according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the plant species is selected from lettuce, pakchoi, cucumber, tomato, sweet pepper, pansy.
The method for controlling plant growth according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the environmental conditions during the planting period are the day and night temperature of 21-26°C/18-20°C, and the humidity of 60-70%.
The method for controlling plant growth according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that during the planting period, the light intensity is 200-600 μmol/㎡·s, and the photoperiod is 7-15 h/d.