CN113439712A - Large-scale breeding method of orius sauteri with simple operation - Google Patents
Large-scale breeding method of orius sauteri with simple operation Download PDFInfo
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- 241001635523 Orius sauteri Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 100
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- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 56
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- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 47
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
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- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- 241001635528 Orius minutus Species 0.000 claims description 19
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
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- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/90—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for insects, e.g. bees or silkworms
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Abstract
The invention provides a large-scale breeding method of orius sauteri, which is simple to operate and comprises the following steps: in the insect breeding box, newly grown wheat seedlings are used as spawning substrates, rice moth eggs are used as main feed, corn pollen and honey water are used as supplementary nutrition, and the orius sauteri is bred in a large scale. When the technology is used for feeding orius sauteri, the yield of the adult is 68.33% compared with the yield of eggs. By taking the feeding box as a unit, in one generation, 314.67 +/-17.80 adult worms can be obtained from each box on average, and 502.83 +/-51.35 eggs can be obtained every two days. When the breeding is carried out periodically, about 7500 eggs can be obtained per box per month, if all the eggs are propagated, the adult yield per box per month is higher than 5000. The method greatly reduces the space utilization rate, reduces the input cost in feeding, simplifies the breeding process and can obtain higher insect quantity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of insect feeding, and particularly relates to a large-scale breeding method of orius sauteri, which is simple to operate.
Background
The insect bait is a predatory natural enemy insect with higher application value and is one of the dominant natural enemy insects with higher demand at present. The orius miniatus is the most common species in the north of China, and is mainly distributed in Liaoning, Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi, Hubei, Sichuan and the like. However, the technical difficulty of large-scale production of orius minutus is a bottleneck limiting the scale application, and the main problems are derived from the special egg laying habit and food limitation. The orius minutus lays eggs into plant tissues, so that the difficulty of host plant replacement and nutrition control during breeding is high, and the research and the attempt of an artificial spawning substrate are still hot spots of extensive research at present. The widely used spawning substrates at present comprise kidney bean pods, kidney bean seedlings, kidney bean sprouts, winter jasmine tender stems, pepper seedlings and the like. The food of orius sauteri mainly comprises living insects such as aphids, thrips, spider mites and fruit fly larvae. Both the egg laying substrate and the food have the defects of high production condition, high cost, low yield, long production period and the like. In recent years, a great deal of research is done on orius pollicis gueldenstaedtii, orius dongypti and orius minutus in China, and the possibility of artificial feeding of the orius pollicis gueldenstaedtii is explored. However, the existing artificial feeding technology and experience of orius minutus in China are quite insufficient, and the large-scale production and application are quite different, and the mass breeding technology of the orius minutus is still in an exploration stage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a large-scale breeding method of orius sauteri.
The invention provides a large-scale breeding method of orius sauteri, which comprises the following steps: in the insect breeding box, newly grown wheat seedlings are used as spawning substrates, rice moth eggs are used as main feed, corn pollen and honey water are used as supplementary nutrition, and the orius sauteri is bred in a large scale.
The invention provides a large-scale breeding method of orius minutus, which comprises the following steps:
1) hatching of orius sauteri eggs
Laying filter paper at the bottom and the periphery of the insect breeding box, placing wheat seedlings with the east Asian orius minutus eggs in the insect breeding box for hatching, and observing whether nymphs hatch in the insect breeding box every day;
2) raising of orius sauteri nymphs and adults
After observing that nymphs in the insect breeding box hatch, putting absorbent cotton containing 10% (volume concentration) of honey water and rice moth egg cards into the insect breeding box; throwing the rice moth egg cards and replacing honey water into the box once every 3 days, injecting water into a centrifugal pipe at the root of the wheat seedlings by using an injector, and replacing new wheat seedlings when the height of the wheat seedlings is close to that of the insect-raising box;
3) collection of orius sauteri eggs
When emerging of the orius sauteri in the insect breeding box into adults is found, replacing new wheat seedlings, putting corn pollen into the insect breeding box, replacing the wheat seedlings once every 3d, putting rice moth egg cards and replacing honey water until all the orius sauteri in the box dies, taking the replaced wheat seedlings with the orius sauteri eggs as the wheat seedlings with the orius sauteri eggs in the step 1), and circularly performing the operations in the steps 1) -3), so that the large-scale breeding of the orius sauteri is realized.
In the method, the insect breeding box is prepared by the following method:
taking a rectangular plastic preservation box, cutting off an area in the middle of an upper cover, and adhering a nylon gauze on the area;
specifically, the rectangular plastic preservation box can be a plastic preservation box with the thickness of 24.8cm by 18cm by 9cm,
the size of the cut-out region may be 20cm x 14 cm;
the nylon gauze can be adhered by a hot melt adhesive gun;
the nylon gauze can be a nylon gauze with 80-150 meshes;
the wheat seedling is prepared by the following method:
soaking wheat seeds in a culture dish, carrying out water culture growth, pulling up the wheat seeds with roots when the wheat seeds grow to be about 3cm high, filling the wheat seeds into a 1.5mL centrifugal tube, filling the upper part of the centrifugal tube with absorbent cotton, filling the centrifugal tube with water to ensure the survival of wheat seedlings, and then putting the wheat seedlings into an insect-raising box;
furthermore, the wheat seedlings can be placed on a centrifuge tube rack firstly and then placed in an insect breeding box;
in the step 1) of the method, the initial wheat seedling with the east asian lygus ova can be bred by placing adult east asian lygus collected in nature in a worm breeding box with the wheat seedling, and the adult east asian lygus lays eggs on stems and leaves of the wheat seedling in the breeding process to obtain the wheat seedling with the east asian lygus ova;
the feeding is carried out according to the operation in step 3) of the above method.
In the step 1) of the method, the incubation environmental conditions of the orius minutus eggs can be that the temperature is 25-28 ℃, the humidity is 70 +/-5%, and the illumination is 16L: 8D.
The rice moth egg card in the step 2) is prepared by the following method:
collecting fresh rice moth eggs, irradiating with ultraviolet lamp for 30min to inactivate, brushing the rice moth eggs on adhesive sticker adhesive paper, and making into rice moth egg card. The size of the rice moth egg card is 1.5cm x 2.5 cm;
placing absorbent cotton containing 10% honey water in a 6cm culture dish, and placing in an insect-breeding box;
when the rice moth egg cards are put in, the rice moth egg cards are uniformly placed in the insect breeding box, and the former rice moth egg cards which are eaten completely are taken out; the initial putting amount of the rice moth egg cards is 2-4 tablets, and the putting amount of the rice moth egg cards is gradually increased to 10-12 tablets each time along with the gradual increase of the age of the orius sauteri;
when the honey water and the wheat seedlings are replaced, the nymphs and adults of the orius sauteri are shaken off to prevent the orius sauteri from escaping;
the environmental conditions for feeding the orius minutus nymphs and adults are that the temperature is 25-28 ℃, the humidity is 70 +/-5%, and the illumination is 16L: 8D;
in the step 3), 3-5mL of corn pollen is placed in a 6cm culture dish and then placed in an insect breeding box;
when the rice moth egg cards are put in the box, the rice moth egg cards are uniformly placed in the box, and the rice moth egg cards which are eaten before are taken out. The putting amount of the rice moth egg cards is 10-12 sheets each time;
when the honey water and the wheat seedlings are replaced, the orius sauteri is shaken off to prevent the orius sauteri from escaping.
In the step 3), the environmental conditions for collecting the orius minutus eggs are that the temperature is 25-28 ℃, the humidity is 70 +/-5%, and the illumination is 16L: 8D.
In the steps 1) -3) of the method, the number of the wheat seedlings in the insect box can be always kept at 12.
The invention takes the newly grown wheat seedlings as spawning substrates, the rice moth eggs as main feed, the corn pollen and the honey water as supplementary nutrition, and simultaneously takes the improved plastic preservation box as a feeding container, simplifies the procedure of artificial feeding to the maximum extent, not only improves the spawning amount and the adult yield of the east Asia lygus lucorum, but also is suitable for the large-scale production of natural enemy enterprises.
When the technology is used for feeding orius sauteri, the yield of the adult is 68.33% compared with the yield of eggs. By taking the feeding box as a unit, in one generation, 314.67 +/-17.80 adult worms can be obtained from each box on average, and 502.83 +/-51.35 eggs can be obtained every two days. When the breeding is carried out periodically, about 7500 eggs can be obtained per box per month, if all the eggs are propagated, the adult yield per box per month is higher than 5000. Since the volume of the feeding box is small, the feeding box is 25cm long, 18cm wide and 9cm high, and the feeding box can be placed in at least 50 feeding spaces of one cubic meter by removing the cover and the gap. Therefore, the technology greatly reduces the space utilization rate, reduces the input cost in feeding and can obtain more insect quantity. Meanwhile, after the wheat seedlings with the eggs are placed in the breeding box, nymphs hatched in the box do not need to be transferred to other containers, and the manual operation is reduced to the maximum extent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a orius sauteri breeding container (insect-raising box) used in the present invention,
the individual labels in the figure are as follows: 1, a feeding container; 2, covering the feeding container; 3 nylon gauze.
Fig. 2 shows the amount of orius microplus in each age in each rearing box of a generation.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of different concentrations of hydromel on adult harvest.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described below with reference to specific examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The experimental methods used in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; reagents, biomaterials, etc. used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Examples
The newly grown wheat seedlings are used as spawning substrates, rice moth eggs are used as main feed, corn pollen and honey water are used as supplementary nutrition, and an improved plastic preservation box is used as a feeding container.
The method mainly comprises the following steps of:
(1) early preparation
Insect-culturing box
A24.8 cm by 18cm by 9cm plastic crisper of 2380mL was taken, a 20cm by 14cm area was cut off in the middle of the upper lid, and this area was covered with a nylon gauze (80-150 mesh) using a hot melt glue gun. (FIG. 1)
Wheat seedling
Soaking wheat seeds in a culture dish for water culture growth, pulling the wheat seeds together with roots when the wheat seeds grow to be about 3cm high, plugging the wheat seeds into a 1.5mL centrifugal tube, filling the upper part of the centrifugal tube with absorbent cotton, and filling the centrifugal tube with water (taking the condition that the water does not overflow as the standard).
Rice moth egg card
Collecting fresh rice moth eggs, irradiating with ultraviolet lamp for 30min for inactivating, brushing the eggs on adhesive sticker adhesive paper to obtain rice moth egg cards, and preparing 8 egg cards (1.5cm x 2.5cm) from about 1mL of rice moth eggs.
(2) Hatching of orius sauteri eggs
Laying filter paper at the bottom and the periphery of the insect breeding box, placing 12 wheat seedlings with the east Asian orius bugus eggs in the insect breeding box for hatching, and observing whether nymphs hatch in the insect breeding box every day. The incubation environmental conditions are that the temperature is 25-28 ℃, the humidity is 70 +/-5%, and the illumination is 16L: 8D; wherein, the wheat seedlings can be placed on the centrifuge tube rack firstly and then placed in the insect breeding box.
(3) Raising of orius sauteri nymphs and adults
The next day, after observing that nymphs in the insect breeding box hatch, putting absorbent cotton containing 10 volume percent of honey water and 2-4 pieces of rice moth egg cards into the insect breeding box; then throwing the rice moth egg card and replacing the honey water into the box once every 3 days, and injecting water into the wheat seedlings in the centrifugal tube by using an injector.
The initial amount of the rice moth egg cards is 2-4 tablets, and the amount of the rice moth egg cards is gradually increased to 10-12 tablets each time along with the gradual increase of the age of the orius sauteri. When the rice moth egg cards are put in the box, the rice moth egg cards are uniformly placed in the box, and the rice moth egg cards which are eaten before are taken out.
Absorbent cotton containing 10% honey water is placed in a 6cm culture dish and then placed in an insect-breeding box.
And on the eighth day, when the height of the wheat seedlings is found to be too high (close to the height of the insect box), new wheat seedlings are replaced, and then once the height of the wheat seedlings is close to the height of the insect box, the new wheat seedlings are replaced, and the number of the wheat seedlings is always kept at 12. The environment conditions for feeding are that the temperature is 25-28 ℃, the humidity is 70 +/-5%, and the illumination is 16L: 8D.
When the honey water and the wheat seedlings are replaced, nymphs and adults of the orius sauteri are shaken off to prevent the orius sauteri from escaping.
(4) Collection of orius sauteri eggs
And on the fourteenth day, when the fact that the orius sauteri emerges into adults in the insect breeding box is found, replacing new wheat seedlings, putting corn pollen into the insect breeding box, replacing the wheat seedlings every 3d, keeping the number of the wheat seedlings at 12 all the time, putting 10-12 rice moth egg cards and replacing honey water into the box at the same time until all the orius sauteri in the box dies, and directly using the wheat seedlings with the orius sauteri eggs which are replaced every time for breeding the next generation. The environment conditions for collecting the eggs are that the temperature is 25-28 ℃, the humidity is 70 +/-5%, and the illumination is 16L: 8D.
3-5mL of corn pollen is placed in a 6cm culture dish and then placed in an insect breeding box.
When the rice moth egg cards are put in the box, the rice moth egg cards are uniformly placed in the box, and the rice moth egg cards which are eaten before are taken out.
When the honey water and the wheat seedlings are replaced, the orius sauteri is shaken off to prevent the orius sauteri from escaping.
Fig. 2 shows the amount of orius microplus in each age in each rearing box of a generation.
As can be seen from fig. 2: the amount of eggs which can be obtained every two days in each feeding box is 502.83 +/-51.35 on average, the eggs are placed in a new box for propagation, 444.17 first-year nymphs can be hatched, 404.33 second-year nymphs can be obtained on average after two days from the hatching of the first-year nymphs, 370.50 third-year nymphs can be obtained after 4 days, 344.50 third-year nymphs and 4-year nymphs can be obtained after 6 days, 329.17 third-year nymphs and 5-year nymphs can be obtained after 8 days, and 314.67 adults which have good viability and can be mated and bred for later generations can be obtained after the 5-year nymphs are eclosized. The yield of the imagoes compared with the eggs is 68.33%, the imagoes are 314.67 +/-17.80 per box in one generation on average, and 502.83 +/-51.35 eggs are obtained every two days by taking the feeding box as a unit. When the breeding is carried out periodically, about 7500 eggs can be obtained per box per month, if all the eggs are propagated, the adult yield per box per month is higher than 5000.
The development period of the orius minutus bred by the method from the initial laying of the eggs to the eclosion of the orius minutus bred by the method is 13.2 +/-0.55 days.
Compared with the existing breeding method, the breeding method has innovativeness in simplification of breeding processes, reduction of cost and improvement of efficiency. First, the feeding process is simplified. Wheat seedlings with the tiny flower bug eggs are placed into the feeding box, nymphs obtained by hatching the eggs and subsequent feeding are all located in the feeding box, and loss caused by transfer of the tiny flower bugs is greatly reduced. All the feeding steps are carried out under the environment conditions of 25-28 ℃ of temperature, 70 +/-5% of humidity and 16L:8D of illumination, manual regulation or environment change is not needed, and therefore the requirement on space is reduced. The second is cost reduction. The egg laying substrate and prey of the orius minutus and the supplementary nutrition for promoting the growth, development and reproduction of the orius minutus are extremely easy to obtain. The spawning substrate used in the breeding is wheat seedlings which are very easy to obtain in the production, only the wheat grains need to be sown on the vermiculite, no extra labor and training are needed, and only the seedlings are used in the breeding, so the vermiculite can be repeatedly used. The prey used in the invention is a rice moth egg which is the most commonly used prey in scale breeding of natural enemies, such as breeding of trichogramma, breeding of natural enemies of small flower bugs and chrysopa perla and natural enemies of ladybug. For enterprises producing and selling natural enemies, the rice moth eggs are used for breeding, so that multiple purposes can be achieved, and a new production line does not need to be additionally established. The concentration of the honey water used for supplementing water and nutrition is determined after a large number of tests and screens. The step of supplementing the adult with the corn pollen is obtained through long-term field observation and comparison experiments. In field investigation, the corn plants in the full-bloom stage attract a large amount of orius minutus which is more than that of other crops and weeds, so that corn pollen is selected as a nutrition supplement. Experiments show that when the corn pollen is not released, the egg laying amount of the adult insects in each feeding box per two days is only 365 +/-31.5 grains, which is far lower than that of the adult insects added with the corn pollen.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of different volume concentrations of honey water on the adult harvest (starting with two days of harvesting of the orius minutus eggs per box), and it can be seen from FIG. 3 that the greatest number of adults are obtained with 10% honey water; when no honey water is given, the number of adults is only about 160; too concentrated or too dilute honey water is not favorable for increasing the adult acquisition amount.
Claims (10)
1. A large-scale breeding method of orius sauteri comprises the following steps: in the insect breeding box, newly grown wheat seedlings are used as spawning substrates, rice moth eggs are used as main feed, corn pollen and honey water are used as supplementary nutrition, and the orius sauteri is bred in a large scale.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
1) hatching of orius sauteri eggs
Laying filter paper at the bottom and the periphery of the insect breeding box, placing wheat seedlings with the east Asian orius bugus eggs in the insect breeding box for hatching, and observing whether nymphs hatch in the insect breeding box every day;
2) raising of orius sauteri nymphs and adults
After observing that nymphs in the insect breeding box hatch, putting absorbent cotton containing 10% of honey water and rice moth egg cards into the insect breeding box; throwing the rice moth egg cards and replacing honey water into the box once every 3 days, injecting water into a centrifugal pipe at the root of the wheat seedlings by using an injector, and replacing new wheat seedlings when the height of the wheat seedlings is close to that of the insect-raising box;
3) collection of orius sauteri eggs
When emerging of the orius sauteri in the insect breeding box into adults is found, replacing new wheat seedlings, putting corn pollen into the insect breeding box, replacing the wheat seedlings once every 3d, putting rice moth egg cards and replacing honey water until all the orius sauteri in the box dies, taking the replaced wheat seedlings with the orius sauteri eggs as the wheat seedlings with the orius sauteri eggs in the step 1), and circularly performing the operations in the steps 1) -3), so that the large-scale breeding of the orius sauteri is realized.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein: the insect breeding box is prepared by the following method:
taking a rectangular plastic preservation box, cutting off an area in the middle of an upper cover, and adhering a nylon gauze on the area;
the nylon gauze is 80-150 meshes.
4. A method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the wheat seedling is prepared by the following method:
soaking wheat seeds in a culture dish, carrying out water culture growth, pulling up the wheat seeds with roots when the wheat seeds grow to be about 3cm high, filling the wheat seeds into a 1.5ml centrifugal tube, filling the upper part of the centrifugal tube with absorbent cotton, filling the centrifugal tube with water, and putting the wheat seedlings into an insect culture box.
5. The method according to any one of claims 2-4, wherein: in the step 1), the initial wheat seedling with the east Asian orius bugs eggs is bred by placing adult east Asian orius bugs collected in nature into a breeding box with the wheat seedling, and the adult east Asian orius bugs lay eggs on stems and leaves of the wheat seedling in the breeding process to obtain the wheat seedling with the east Asian orius bugs eggs.
6. The method according to any one of claims 2-5, wherein: in the step 1), the incubation environmental conditions of the orius minutus eggs are that the temperature is 25-28 ℃, the humidity is 70 +/-5%, and the illumination is 16L: 8D.
7. The method according to any one of claims 2-6, wherein: the rice moth egg card in the step 2) is prepared by the following method:
collecting fresh rice moth eggs, irradiating with ultraviolet lamp for 30min to inactivate, brushing the rice moth eggs on adhesive sticker adhesive paper, and making into rice moth egg card;
placing absorbent cotton containing 10% honey water in a 6cm culture dish, and placing in an insect-breeding box;
when the rice moth egg cards are put in, the rice moth egg cards are uniformly placed in the insect breeding box, and the former rice moth egg cards which are eaten completely are taken out; the initial putting amount of the rice moth egg cards is 2-4 tablets, and the putting amount of the rice moth egg cards is gradually increased to 10-12 tablets each time along with the gradual increase of the age of the orius sauteri.
8. The method according to any one of claims 2-7, wherein: the environmental conditions for feeding the orius minutus nymphs and adults are that the temperature is 25-28 ℃, the humidity is 70 +/-5%, and the illumination is 16L: 8D.
9. The method according to any one of claims 2-8, wherein: in the step 3), 3-5mL of corn pollen is placed in a 6cm culture dish and then placed in an insect breeding box;
when the rice moth egg cards are put in, the rice moth egg cards are uniformly placed in the insect breeding box, and the former rice moth egg cards which are eaten completely are taken out; the amount of the rice moth egg cards put in each time is 10-12 tablets.
10. The method according to any one of claims 2-9, wherein: in the step 3), the environmental conditions for collecting the orius minutus eggs are that the temperature is 25-28 ℃, the humidity is 70 +/-5%, and the illumination is 16L: 8D.
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