CN113439638A - Organic and mineral mixed bed soil matrix and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Organic and mineral mixed bed soil matrix and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010828 animal waste Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical group [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;phosphoric acid Chemical group [Ca+2].OP(O)(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002426 superphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000186361 Actinobacteria <class> Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000272525 Anas platyrhynchos Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000192041 Micrococcus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000208292 Solanaceae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000191940 Staphylococcus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical group [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical group [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000001705 insufficient nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/13—Zeolites
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an organic and mineral mixed bed soil matrix and a preparation method thereof, wherein the organic and mineral mixed bed soil matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of soil, 20-30 parts of animal manure, 1-3 parts of a decomposition agent, 10-15 parts of plant straws, 3-5 parts of palygorskite, 2-3 parts of medical stone, 2-3 parts of zeolite, 1-3 parts of gold stone, 5-10 parts of sand grains, 2-4 parts of urea, 2-3 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 1-3 parts of potash fertilizer, 1-2 parts of zinc fertilizer and 0.5-1 part of a fixing agent, and relates to the technical field of bed soil matrix. According to the organic and mineral mixed bed soil matrix and the preparation method, plant straws and sand grains are added into the bed soil matrix, various mineral stones are added, the air permeability of soil can be effectively improved, the growth of crops is facilitated, urea, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and zinc fertilizer are added, the bed soil matrix is rich in nutrition and suitable for the growth of more plants, animal manure and plant straws are layered and laid in the straw decomposition process, the decomposition speed can be accelerated, the processing efficiency is improved, and the preparation period is shortened.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bed soil matrixes, in particular to an organic and mineral mixed bed soil matrix and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The bed soil is also called nutrient soil, and is fertile soil which is artificially prepared and mixed according to the growth and development requirements of seedlings. At least the bed soil is free of pathogenic bacteria and pests; secondly, the nutrition is rich and the proportion of each component is proper, including the proportion between slow-acting organic nutrients and quick-acting inorganic nutrients, the proportion between nutrient elements and the like; thirdly, the structure is good, the looseness is moderate, and the air permeability and the water retention are moderate.
The soil matrix is artificial soil for plant cultivation, the existing bed soil matrix is poor in air permeability and insufficient in nutrition, growth of different kinds of plants is difficult to meet, the preparation method is complex, and the preparation period is long, so that the invention provides the organic and mineral mixed bed soil matrix and the preparation method to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an organic and mineral mixed bed soil matrix and a preparation method thereof, and solves the problems of poor air permeability, insufficient nutrition, difficulty in meeting the growth of different types of plants, complex preparation method and long preparation period.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the organic and mineral mixed bed soil matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of soil, 20-30 parts of animal manure, 1-3 parts of a decomposition agent, 10-15 parts of plant straws, 3-5 parts of palygorskite, 2-3 parts of medical stone, 2-3 parts of zeolite, 1-3 parts of gold stone, 5-10 parts of sand grains, 2-4 parts of urea, 2-3 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 1-3 parts of potash fertilizer, 1-2 parts of zinc fertilizer and 0.5-1 part of fixing agent, wherein the palygorskite has large specific surface area and adsorption capacity, good rheological property and catalytic performance, and ideal colloidal performance and heat resistance.
Preferably, the raw materials comprise the following components: 60 parts of soil, 20 parts of animal manure, 1 part of a decomposition agent, 10 parts of plant straws, 3 parts of palygorskite, 2 parts of medical stone, 2 parts of zeolite, 1 part of chrysolite, 5 parts of sand grains, 2 parts of urea, 2 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 1 part of potash fertilizer, 1 part of zinc fertilizer and 0.5 part of fixing agent, wherein the short term for phosphate fertilizer, namely phosphorus fertilizer, refers to fertilizer taking phosphorus as main nutrient, the potassium fertilizer refers to various mined and manufactured salts containing water-soluble potassium and can promote the growth of plants, and the zinc fertilizer has zinc content to provide materials with main effects of plant nutrients.
Preferably, the raw materials comprise the following components: 60 parts of soil, 30 parts of animal wastes, 3 parts of a decomposition agent, 13 parts of plant straws, 4 parts of palygorskite, 3 parts of medical stone, 2 parts of zeolite, 2 parts of gold stone, 8 parts of sand grains, 3 parts of urea, 2 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 2 parts of potash fertilizer, 1 part of zinc fertilizer and 1 part of sticking agent.
Preferably, the raw materials comprise the following components: 70 parts of soil, 25 parts of animal manure, 3 parts of a decomposition agent, 15 parts of plant straws, 5 parts of palygorskite, 3 parts of medical stone, 3 parts of zeolite, 3 parts of gold stone, 10 parts of sand grains, 4 parts of urea, 3 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 3 parts of potash fertilizer, 2 parts of zinc fertilizer and 1 part of fixing agent.
Preferably, the soil is fertile garden soil which is not planted with solanaceae vegetables for 3 years, the animal manure is one or more of chicken manure, duck manure, cattle manure, horse manure and rabbit manure, and the plant straw is one or more of wheat straw, rice straw and corn straw.
Preferably, the phosphate fertilizer is calcium superphosphate or triple superphosphate, the potassium fertilizer is potassium chloride or potassium sulfate, and the zinc fertilizer is zinc sulfate.
Preferably, the decomposing inoculant is one or more of lactobacillus, micrococcus, staphylococcus, yeast and actinomycetes, and the fixing agent is starch.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the organic and mineral mixed bed soil matrix, which comprises the following steps:
s1, soil treatment: screening out impurities such as stones and weeds in the soil, and then sieving the soil with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain high-quality soil with uniform granularity;
s2, treating plant straws: putting a proper amount of plant straws into a stirring device, adding a proper amount of decomposing agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture A;
s3, straw decomposition: laying a layer of plastic film on the bottom surface, dividing a proper amount of animal manure into two equal parts, uniformly laying one part of the mixture A prepared in the step S1 on the plastic film, uniformly laying the mixture A prepared in the step S1 on the animal manure, spraying water, uniformly laying the rest part of the animal manure on the top, covering a layer of plastic film on the top of the laid material, performing aerobic decomposition for 2-3 days to obtain an organic fertilizer semi-finished product, controlling the decomposition temperature to be 40-50 ℃, and performing decomposition to refer to a process of fermenting and decomposing organic matters such as stems, leaves and stalks and the like which are difficult to decompose into effective fertilizer and humus;
s4, preparing a semi-finished product: placing the organic fertilizer semi-finished product prepared in the step S2 in a drying device for drying, then placing in a stirring device, adding a proper amount of the high-quality soil obtained in the step S1, and a proper amount of palygorskite, medical stone, zeolite, gold stone and sand, and uniformly stirring to obtain a bed soil matrix semi-finished product;
s5, preparing a nutrient: putting a proper amount of urea, a phosphate fertilizer, a potash fertilizer and a zinc fertilizer into a spraying device with water, stirring to dissolve the urea, the phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer and the zinc fertilizer, then adding a proper amount of a fixing agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture B;
s6, adding nutrients: and (4) uniformly spraying the mixture B prepared in the step (S4) into the bed soil matrix semi-finished product prepared in the step (S3), stirring while spraying to uniformly mix the mixture B and the bed soil matrix semi-finished product, and drying the uniformly mixed material by using a drying device to prepare the organic and mineral mixed bed soil matrix.
Preferably, in the step S3, the water content is maintained at 30-40% when water is sprayed, and in the step S4, the water content of the dried semi-finished product is maintained at 10-15%.
Preferably, in the step S6, the moisture content of the organic and mineral mixed bed soil matrix after drying is maintained at 20-25%.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides an organic and mineral mixed bed soil matrix and a preparation method thereof. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the organic and mineral mixed bed soil matrix and the preparation method thereof comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of soil, 20-30 parts of animal manure, 1-3 parts of a decomposition agent, 10-15 parts of plant straws, 3-5 parts of palygorskite, 2-3 parts of medical stone, 2-3 parts of zeolite, 1-3 parts of chrysolite, 5-10 parts of sand grains, 2-4 parts of urea, 2-3 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 1-3 parts of potash fertilizer, 1-2 parts of zinc fertilizer and 0.5-1 part of a fixing agent.
(2) The organic and mineral mixed bed soil matrix and the preparation method thereof are characterized in that the organic and mineral mixed bed soil matrix is prepared by S3, straw decomposition: laying a layer of plastic film on the bottom surface, dividing a proper amount of animal manure into two equal parts, uniformly laying one part of the plastic film, uniformly laying the mixture A prepared in the step S1 above the animal manure, spraying water, uniformly laying the rest of the animal manure above the mixture A, covering a layer of plastic film on the top of the laid material, performing aerobic decomposition for 2-3 days to obtain an organic fertilizer semi-finished product, laying the animal manure and plant straws in a layered manner in the straw decomposition process, and accelerating the decomposition speed, thereby improving the processing efficiency and shortening the preparation period.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides three technical solutions: an organic and mineral mixed bed soil matrix and a preparation method thereof specifically comprise the following embodiments:
example 1
S1, soil treatment: screening out impurities such as stones and weeds in the soil, and then sieving the soil with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain high-quality soil with uniform granularity;
s2, treating plant straws: putting 10 parts of plant straws into a stirring device, adding 1 part of decomposing agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture A;
s3, straw decomposition: laying a layer of plastic film on the bottom surface, dividing 20 parts of animal manure into two parts, uniformly laying one part of the mixture A on the plastic film, uniformly laying the mixture A prepared in the step S1 on the animal manure, spraying water, uniformly laying the rest part of the animal manure on the top, covering a layer of plastic film on the top of the laid material, and performing aerobic decomposition for 2-3 days to obtain an organic fertilizer semi-finished product;
s4, preparing a semi-finished product: placing the organic fertilizer semi-finished product prepared in the step S2 into a drying device for drying, then placing into a stirring device, adding 60 parts of the high-quality soil obtained in the step S1, 3 parts of palygorskite, 2 parts of medical stone, 2 parts of zeolite, 1 part of chrysolite and 5 parts of sand, and uniformly stirring to obtain a bed soil matrix semi-finished product;
s5, preparing a nutrient: putting 2 parts of urea, 2 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 1 part of potash fertilizer and 1 part of zinc fertilizer in a spraying device with water, stirring to dissolve the urea, the phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer and the zinc fertilizer, then adding 0.5 part of fixing agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture B;
s6, adding nutrients: and (4) uniformly spraying the mixture B prepared in the step (S4) into the bed soil matrix semi-finished product prepared in the step (S3), stirring while spraying to uniformly mix the mixture B and the bed soil matrix semi-finished product, and drying the uniformly mixed material by using a drying device to prepare the organic and mineral mixed bed soil matrix.
Example 2
S1, soil treatment: screening out impurities such as stones and weeds in the soil, and then sieving the soil with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain high-quality soil with uniform granularity;
s2, treating plant straws: putting 13 parts of plant straws into a stirring device, adding 3 parts of decomposing agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture A;
s3, straw decomposition: laying a layer of plastic film on the bottom surface, dividing 30 parts of animal manure into two parts, uniformly laying one part of the mixture A on the plastic film, uniformly laying the mixture A prepared in the step S1 on the animal manure, spraying water, uniformly laying the rest part of the animal manure on the top, covering a layer of plastic film on the top of the laid material, and performing aerobic decomposition for 2-3 days to obtain an organic fertilizer semi-finished product;
s4, preparing a semi-finished product: placing the organic fertilizer semi-finished product prepared in the step S2 into a drying device for drying, then placing into a stirring device, adding 60 parts of the high-quality soil obtained in the step S1, 4 parts of palygorskite, 3 parts of medical stone, 2 parts of zeolite, 2 parts of chrysolite and 8 parts of sand, and uniformly stirring to obtain a bed soil matrix semi-finished product;
s5, preparing a nutrient: putting 3 parts of urea, 2 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 2 parts of potash fertilizer and 1 part of zinc fertilizer in a spraying device with water, stirring to dissolve the urea, the phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer and the zinc fertilizer, then adding 1 part of fixing agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture B;
s6, adding nutrients: and (4) uniformly spraying the mixture B prepared in the step (S4) into the bed soil matrix semi-finished product prepared in the step (S3), stirring while spraying to uniformly mix the mixture B and the bed soil matrix semi-finished product, and drying the uniformly mixed material by using a drying device to prepare the organic and mineral mixed bed soil matrix.
Example 3
S1, soil treatment: screening out impurities such as stones and weeds in the soil, and then sieving the soil with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain high-quality soil with uniform granularity;
s2, treating plant straws: putting 15 parts of plant straws into a stirring device, adding 3 parts of decomposing agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture A;
s3, straw decomposition: laying a layer of plastic film on the bottom surface, dividing 25 parts of animal manure into two parts, uniformly laying one part of the mixture A on the plastic film, uniformly laying the mixture A prepared in the step S1 on the animal manure, spraying water, uniformly laying the rest part of the animal manure on the top, covering a layer of plastic film on the top of the laid material, and performing aerobic decomposition for 2-3 days to obtain an organic fertilizer semi-finished product;
s4, preparing a semi-finished product: placing the organic fertilizer semi-finished product prepared in the step S2 into a drying device for drying, then placing into a stirring device, adding 70 parts of the high-quality soil obtained in the step S1, 5 parts of palygorskite, 3 parts of medical stone, 3 parts of zeolite, 3 parts of chrysolite and 10 parts of sand, and uniformly stirring to obtain a bed soil matrix semi-finished product;
s5, preparing a nutrient: putting 4 parts of urea, 3 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 3 parts of potash fertilizer and 2 parts of zinc fertilizer in a spraying device with water, stirring to dissolve the urea, the phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer and the zinc fertilizer, then adding 1 part of fixing agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture B;
s6, adding nutrients: and (4) uniformly spraying the mixture B prepared in the step (S4) into the bed soil matrix semi-finished product prepared in the step (S3), stirring while spraying to uniformly mix the mixture B and the bed soil matrix semi-finished product, and drying the uniformly mixed material by using a drying device to prepare the organic and mineral mixed bed soil matrix.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. An organic and mineral mixed bed soil matrix is characterized in that: the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of soil, 20-30 parts of animal manure, 1-3 parts of a decomposition agent, 10-15 parts of plant straws, 3-5 parts of palygorskite, 2-3 parts of medical stone, 2-3 parts of zeolite, 1-3 parts of gold stone, 5-10 parts of sand grains, 2-4 parts of urea, 2-3 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 1-3 parts of potash fertilizer, 1-2 parts of zinc fertilizer and 0.5-1 part of a fixing agent.
2. The organic and mineral mixed bed soil matrix as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the raw materials comprise the following components: 60 parts of soil, 20 parts of animal manure, 1 part of a decomposition agent, 10 parts of plant straws, 3 parts of palygorskite, 2 parts of medical stone, 2 parts of zeolite, 1 part of gold stone, 5 parts of sand grains, 2 parts of urea, 2 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 1 part of potash fertilizer, 1 part of zinc fertilizer and 0.5 part of a fixing agent.
3. The organic and mineral mixed bed soil matrix as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the raw materials comprise the following components: 60 parts of soil, 30 parts of animal wastes, 3 parts of a decomposition agent, 13 parts of plant straws, 4 parts of palygorskite, 3 parts of medical stone, 2 parts of zeolite, 2 parts of gold stone, 8 parts of sand grains, 3 parts of urea, 2 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 2 parts of potash fertilizer, 1 part of zinc fertilizer and 1 part of sticking agent.
4. The organic and mineral mixed bed soil matrix as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the raw materials comprise the following components: 70 parts of soil, 25 parts of animal manure, 3 parts of a decomposition agent, 15 parts of plant straws, 5 parts of palygorskite, 3 parts of medical stone, 3 parts of zeolite, 3 parts of gold stone, 10 parts of sand grains, 4 parts of urea, 3 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 3 parts of potash fertilizer, 2 parts of zinc fertilizer and 1 part of fixing agent.
5. An organic and mineral mixed bed soil matrix according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the soil adopts fertile garden soil which is not planted with solanaceae vegetables for 3 years, the animal manure is one or more of chicken manure, duck manure, cattle manure, horse manure and rabbit manure, and the plant straw is one or more of wheat straw, rice straw and corn straw.
6. An organic and mineral mixed bed soil matrix according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the phosphate fertilizer is superphosphate or triple superphosphate, the potassium fertilizer is potassium chloride or potassium sulfate, and the zinc fertilizer is zinc sulfate.
7. An organic and mineral mixed bed soil matrix according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the decomposing inoculant is one or more of lactobacillus, micrococcus, staphylococcus, yeast and actinomycetes, and the fixing agent is starch.
8. A method of preparing a soil matrix of mixed organic and mineral beds according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, soil treatment: screening out impurities such as stones and weeds in the soil, and then sieving the soil with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain high-quality soil with uniform granularity;
s2, treating plant straws: putting a proper amount of plant straws into a stirring device, adding a proper amount of decomposing agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture A;
s3, straw decomposition: laying a layer of plastic film on the bottom surface, dividing a proper amount of animal wastes into two equal parts, uniformly laying one part of the mixture A prepared in the step S1 on the plastic film, uniformly laying the mixture A on the animal wastes, spraying water, uniformly laying the rest part of the animal wastes on the top, covering a layer of plastic film on the top of the laid material, and performing aerobic decomposition for 2-3 days to obtain an organic fertilizer semi-finished product;
s4, preparing a semi-finished product: placing the organic fertilizer semi-finished product prepared in the step S2 in a drying device for drying, then placing in a stirring device, adding a proper amount of the high-quality soil obtained in the step S1, and a proper amount of palygorskite, medical stone, zeolite, gold stone and sand, and uniformly stirring to obtain a bed soil matrix semi-finished product;
s5, preparing a nutrient: putting a proper amount of urea, a phosphate fertilizer, a potash fertilizer and a zinc fertilizer into a spraying device with water, stirring to dissolve the urea, the phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer and the zinc fertilizer, then adding a proper amount of a fixing agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture B;
s6, adding nutrients: and (4) uniformly spraying the mixture B prepared in the step (S4) into the bed soil matrix semi-finished product prepared in the step (S3), stirring while spraying to uniformly mix the mixture B and the bed soil matrix semi-finished product, and drying the uniformly mixed material by using a drying device to prepare the organic and mineral mixed bed soil matrix.
9. The method for preparing the organic and mineral mixed bed soil matrix according to claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S3, the water content is kept at 30-40% when water is sprayed, and in the step S4, the water content of the dried semi-finished product is kept at 10-15%.
10. The method for preparing the organic and mineral mixed bed soil matrix according to claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S6, the water content of the organic and mineral mixed bed soil matrix after drying is kept between 20 and 25 percent.
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