CN113329680A - 用于改善视频游戏者认知功能的含有肌醇稳定的精氨酸硅酸盐复合物和肌醇的组合物 - Google Patents
用于改善视频游戏者认知功能的含有肌醇稳定的精氨酸硅酸盐复合物和肌醇的组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本公开涉及加入游离肌醇(“I”)的肌醇稳定的精氨酸硅酸盐复合物(“ASI”)用于形成组合物ASI+I以改善人类、特别是视频游戏玩家的认知功能的用途。
Description
技术领域和背景技术
本公开涉及肌醇稳定的精氨酸硅酸盐复合物的新用途。此类复合物可商购获得并以例如出售。临床上已证明可提高一氧化氮(“NO”)水平。一氧化氮是促进血管平滑肌松弛、增加流向工作肌肉的血液的关键因素。通常,所述复合物是通过将精氨酸、硅酸盐和肌醇组合而制备的。尽管本文所述的组合物通常含有精氨酸、硅酸盐和肌醇,但在整个说明书中可以将其称为“肌醇稳定的精氨酸硅酸盐”、“精氨酸硅酸盐”、“精氨酸硅酸盐肌醇”、“ASI”、或“复合物”。
本文公开了令人惊奇的结果,即ASI在与游离肌醇组合时可以改善受试者的认知功能。因此,含有ASI和游离肌醇的组合物可以用于改善人类的认知功能。改善的认知功能在受试者疲劳时可能是特别合乎需要的。疲劳可能是由于例如睡眠不足和/或在精神和/或身体活动增加的时期后而导致的。本发明的组合物可以施用于受试者,并且可以增强受试者的精神集中度和/或头脑清晰度。本发明的组合物对于用于改善需要休息和/或疲劳时执行复杂任务的人员的表现可能特别有用,所述人员例如视频游戏者、运动员、无人载具和远程控制载具的操作者等。
发明内容
一些实施方式包括含有ASI和游离肌醇的组合物用于改善认知的用途。一些实施方式包括施用有效量的含有ASI和游离肌醇的组合物,以改善人类认知。一些实施方式包括含有ASI和游离肌醇的组合物用于改善精神集中度和/或注意力时长的用途。
一些实施方式包括含有ASI和游离肌醇的组合物用于改善人类执行复杂任务的表现的用途。这种改善可以是与基线相比复杂任务执行中错误数量减少的形式。一些实施方式包括施用包含有效量的ASI和游离肌醇的组合物。可以将所述组合物配制成用于口服递送。所述组合物可以是自行施用的。
附图说明
图1是汇总了受试者在连线测验B中所犯的平均错误数量的结果的折线图。受试者接受安慰剂或包含ASI(1500mg)和游离肌醇(100mg)的组合物。在治疗之前(基线)和组合物施用后15分钟进行连线测验B。
图2是汇总了受试者在斯楚普测验(Stroop test)中所犯的平均错误数量的结果的折线图。受试者接受安慰剂或包含ASI(1500mg)和游离肌醇(100mg)的组合物。在治疗之前(基线)、组合物施用后15分钟和玩视频游戏60分钟后进行斯楚普测验。
尽管出于清楚和理解的目的已经详细描述了本发明,但是本领域技术人员应认识到,在不脱离本发明的真实范围的情况下,可以进行形式和细节上的各种改变。
具体实施方式
本文所呈现的描述中使用的术语并不旨在以任何限制或限制性的方式来解释,仅是因为其与本文所描述的某些特定实施方式的详细描述结合使用。此外,本文描述的实施方式可以包括几个新型的特征,没有一个特征单独地负责其期望的属性或者对于实践本文描述的实施方式是必不可少的。
如在以下权利要求书中以及在整个本公开中所使用的,短语“基本上由……组成”是指包括在短语之后列出的任何要素,并且限于不干扰或不影响所列要素在公开内容中所指定的活动或动作的其他要素。因此,短语“基本上由……组成”表示所列的要素是必需的或强制性的,但是其他要素是任选的并且取决于它们是否影响所列要素的活动或动作,其可能存在或不能存在。例如,将“基本上由ASI组成”的组合物用于治疗特定疾病或病症的用途将排除已知在对抗特定疾病或病症中具有活性的其他成分。
如本文所用的“治疗有效量”或“有效量”在其含义内包括为提供所需的治疗效果的用于本文所公开的实施方式中的化合物活性成分或包含所述化合物活性成分的组合物的无毒但足够的量。类似地,如本文所用的“对……有效的量”在其含义内包括为提供所需效果的化合物活性成分或包含所述化合物活性成分的组合物的无毒但足够的量。所需的本文所公开的活性成分的确切量将因受试者而异,这取决于例如以下因素:所治疗的物种、受试者的年龄和一般状况、所治疗的疾患的严重程度、所施用的特定药剂、受试者的体重以及施用模式等。因此,不可能指定确切的“有效量”。然而,对于任何给定的情况,本领域普通技术人员可以仅使用常规方法来确定适当的“有效量”。在一些方面,治疗有效量可以包括给药方案。例如,有效量可以包括连续三天每天口服约1500mg的ASI和100mg的游离肌醇。在一些方面,治疗有效量可以包括连续十四天每天口服约1500mg的ASI和100mg的游离肌醇。本发明的组合物可以包含例如0.01-5克的ASI和0.01-1克的游离肌醇。
举例来说,本文公开的组合物的“治疗有效量”可以是例如0.1μg/kg、0.5μg/kg、1μg/kg、1.5μg/kg、2.0μg/kg、2.5μg/kg、3.0μg/kg、3.5μg/kg、4.0μg/kg、4.5μg/kg、5.0μg/kg、10μg/kg、15μg/kg、20μg/kg、25μg/kg、30μg/kg、35μg/kg、40μg/kg、45μg/kg、50μg/kg、55μg/kg、60μg/kg、65μg/kg、70μg/kg、75μg/kg、80μg/kg、85μg/kg、90μg/kg、95μg/kg、100μg/kg、150μg/kg、200μg/kg、250μg/kg、300μg/kg、350μg/kg、400μg/kg、450μg/kg、500μg/kg、550μg/kg、600μg/kg、650μg/kg、700μg/kg、750μg/kg、800μg/kg、850μg/kg、900μg/kg、1mg/kg、1.5mg/kg、2.0mg/kg、2.5mg/kg、3mg/kg、4.0mg/kg、5.0mg/kg、6mg/kg、7mg/kg、8mg/kg、9mg/kg、10mg/kg、15mg/kg、20mg/kg、25mg/kg、30mg/kg、35mg/kg、40mg/kg、45mg/kg、50mg/kg、55mg/kg、60mg/kg、65mg/kg、70mg/kg、75mg/kg、80mg/kg、85mg/kg、90mg/kg、95mg/kg、100mg/kg、125mg/kg、150mg/kg、200mg/kg、250mg/kg、300mg/kg、350mg/kg、400mg/kg、450mg/kg、500mg/kg、550mg/kg、600mg/kg、650mg/kg、700mg/kg、750mg/kg、800mg/kg、850mg/kg、900mg/kg、950mg/kg、1g/kg、5g/kg、10g/kg或更高,或介于ASI复合物和游离肌醇之间的任何分数。
因此,在一些实施方式中,本文公开的组合物的剂量可以为约100μg至约100g,优选每天约100μg至约100g。例如,所述组合物的量可以是100μg、125μg、150μg、175μg、200μg、225μg、250μg、275μg、300μg、325μg、350μg、375μg、400μg、425μg、450μg、475μg、500μg、525μg、575μg、600μg、625μg、650μg、675μg、700μg、725μg、750μg、775μg、800μg、825μg、850μg、875μg、900μg、925μg、950μg、975μg、1000μg、1.25g、1.5g、1.75g、2.0g、2.25g、2.5g、2.75g、3.0g、3.25g、3.5g、3.5g、3.75g、4.0g、4.25g、4.5g、4.75g、5.0g、5.25g、5.5g、5.75g、6.0g、6.25g、6.5g、6.75g、7.0g、7.25g、7.5g、7.75g、8.0g、8.25g、8.5g、8.75g、9.0g、8.25g、9.5g、9.75g、10g、20g、30g、40g、50g、60g、70g、80g、90g、100g或更多,或上述任何两个值之间的任何范围或量。在一些实施方式中,按需要达到所需效果,以上列出的示例性治疗有效量可以在本文其他各处描述的方法中施用,例如以小时计,每1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、21、22、23小时或其之间的任何间隔,或以天计,每2天、每3天、每4天、每5天、每6天、每1周、每8天、每9天、每10天、每2周、每1个月或更多或更少的频率。
有利地,有效量可以为每天约20mg至约5000mg的ASI和每天约10mg至1000mg的游离肌醇。更有利地,有效量为每天约500mg至约2000mg的ASI和每天约50mg至500mg的游离肌醇。可以从体外或动物模型测试系统得出的剂量反应曲线中推断有效剂量。这样的动物模型和系统在本领域中是众所周知的。
术语“游离肌醇”是指与肌醇稳定的精氨酸硅酸盐复合物或任何其他化合物分离而不是与其结合、或者以其他方式缔合、或者组合的肌醇。如上所述,通过组合精氨酸、硅酸盐和肌醇来制备肌醇稳定的精氨酸硅酸盐复合物。术语“游离肌醇”不包括在肌醇稳定的精氨酸硅酸盐复合物的生产中使用的肌醇。
术语“无人载具”是指不运载任何人并且由人经由远程计算机或设备以及用于在载具与远程计算机或设备之间进行通信的手段例如网络连接、蓝牙连接、无线连接、卫星连接等进行远程控制的任何类型的载具。“无人载具”的实例包括但不限于无人机、导弹、航天器等。术语“远程控制载具”是指可以运载任何人并且由人经由远程计算机或设备以及用于在载具与远程计算机或设备之间进行通信的手段例如网络连接、蓝牙连接、无线连接、卫星连接等进行远程控制的任何类型的载具。“远程控制载具”的实例包括但不限于无人驾驶汽车、无人驾驶火车、无人驾驶公共汽车、无人驾驶飞机等。
本申请的一部分部分针对令人惊奇的发现,即肌醇稳定的精氨酸硅酸盐复合物与额外的游离肌醇可改善认知功能。本文描述了用于肌醇稳定的精氨酸硅酸盐复合物与额外的游离肌醇的各种给药量、时间表、制剂和递送系统,用于改善认知功能和/或增加认知功能。
一些实施方式提供了改善个体的认知功能的方法。在一些实施方式中,改善认知功能包括改善个体的视觉构建。在一些实施方式中,改善认知功能包括改善个体的执行功能。在一些实施方式中,改善认知功能包括改善个体的视觉搜索。在一些实施方式中,改善认知功能包括改善个体的运动速度技能。在一些实施方式中,改善认知功能包括改善个体的心理灵活性。在一些实施方式中,改善认知功能包括改善个体的选择性注意力。在一些实施方式中,改善认知功能包括改善个体的干扰分辨力。在一些实施方式中,改善认知功能包括改善个体的反应抑制。在一些实施方式中,改善认知功能包括改善个体的反应选择。在一些实施方式中,改善认知功能包括改善个体的反应时间。
在一些实施方式中,改善认知包括提高连线测验的速度(即,减少时间)。在一些实施方式中,改善认知包括减少连线测验中的错误数量。在一些实施方式中,改善认知包括在连线测验中既提高速度又减少错误数量。在一些实施方式中,改善认知包括提高斯楚普测验的速度(即,减少时间)。在一些实施方式中,改善认知包括减少斯楚普测验中的错误数量。在一些实施方式中,改善认知包括在斯楚普测验中既提高速度又减少错误数量。在一些实施方式中,改善认知包括改善玩视频游戏时的表现。在一些实施方式中,改善玩视频游戏时的表现包括:在视频游戏中增加高分、在更困难的级别/设置下玩游戏、在运动模拟视频游戏中获得更多的分数/进球、在射击视频游戏中命中更多的目标、在多人视频游戏中击败更多对手和/或在战斗模拟视频游戏中击中更多次对手等。在一些实施方式中,改善认知包括对无人载具的更精确控制。在一些实施方式中,对无人载具的更精确控制包括在控制无人载具时减少错误数量。在一些实施方式中,对无人载具的更精确控制包括增加由无人载具获取的目标的数量。在一些实施方式中,对远程控制载具的更精确控制包括在控制远程控制载具时减少错误数量。
在一些实施方式中,在约15分钟后、约60分钟后、约1天后、约3天后、一周后、约两周后、约三周后、约四周后、约六周后、约八周后、约3个月后、约4个月后、约6个月后、约9个月后、约12个月后、约18个月后或约24个月后观察到认知改善。
面对比赛中尤其是在户外运动如足球中经常需要的快速决策和相关的适应,增强的心理灵活性已证实使运动员受益。此外,有效分配注意力的能力是所有运动中成功的重要因素。多任务能力可以帮助运动员通过更有效的处理来节省能量,从而也可以使他们的表现比以前更好。适应视觉信息快速变化的熟练运动员比不太熟练的运动员能够更有效地分配注意力。然后,他们能够使用视觉扫描技术以及速度和预期来改变其表现。这种增强的心理灵活性使这样的运动员比其同行更快地调整自己的“比赛”。
此外,一项针对大学长曲棍球女运动员的研究表明,TMT B分数与较少的长曲棍球射击错误或较少的射击失败呈正相关。Marsh,D.W.,Richard,L.A.,Verre,A.B.,Myers,J.(2010),平衡、视觉搜索和长曲棍球射击准确性之间的关系(Relationships AmongBalance,Visual Search,and Lacrosse-Shot Accuracy),J of Str&Cond Res,24(6):1507-1514。这表明成功的运动表现涵盖身体和认知技能的复杂相互作用,并且或许即使很小的改善也会对表现产生影响。
可以通过本文描述的任何施用方法或通过本领域技术人员已知的递送方法施用本文公开的组合物。所述组合物可以经口施用。
对于口服施用,本文公开的组合物可以以片剂、水性或油性悬浮液、可分散的粉末或颗粒剂、乳液、硬或软胶囊剂、糖浆剂、酏剂或饮料的形式提供。可以根据本领域已知的用于制造药学上可接受的组合物的任何方法来制备预期用于口服的组合物,并且此类组合物可以包含一种或多种以下试剂:甜味剂、调味剂、着色剂和防腐剂。甜味剂和调味剂将增加制剂的适口性。包含与适合于片剂制造的无毒的药学上可接受的赋形剂混合的本发明的组合物的片剂是可接受的。药学上可接受的媒介物如赋形剂与所述制剂的其他成分相容(以及对患者无伤害)。此类赋形剂包括惰性稀释剂,例如碳酸钙、碳酸钠、乳糖、磷酸钙或磷酸钠;制粒和崩解剂,例如玉米淀粉或海藻酸;粘合剂,例如淀粉、明胶或阿拉伯胶;和润滑剂,例如硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸或滑石。片剂可以是未包衣的,或者可以通过已知技术包衣以延迟在胃肠道中的崩解和吸收,从而在更长的时段内提供持续的作用。例如,可以使用延时材料,例如单独或与蜡一起使用的单硬脂酸甘油酯或二硬脂酸甘油酯。
用于口服使用的制剂也可以以硬明胶胶囊形式存在,其中本发明的组合物与惰性固体稀释剂例如碳酸钙、磷酸钙或高岭土混合,或者以软明胶胶囊形式存在,其中活性成分与水或油性介质例如花生油、液体石蜡或橄榄油混合。水性悬浮液可以含有与适于制造水性悬浮液的赋形剂混合的本发明的组合物。此类赋形剂包括悬浮剂、分散剂或润湿剂、一种或多种防腐剂、一种或多种着色剂、一种或多种调味剂和一种或多种甜味剂例如蔗糖或糖精。
油性悬浮液可以通过将本发明的组合物悬浮在植物油例如花生油、橄榄油、芝麻油或椰子油中或矿物油例如液体石蜡中来配制。所述油性悬浮液可以含有增稠剂,例如蜂蜡、硬石蜡或鲸蜡醇。可以添加例如上述的甜味剂和调味剂以提供适口的口服制剂。这些组合物可以通过添加的抗氧化剂如抗坏血酸来保存。适于通过添加水来制备水性悬浮液的本发明的可分散粉末和颗粒剂提供了:与分散剂或润湿剂、悬浮剂和一种或多种防腐剂混合的本发明的组合物。也可以存在额外的赋形剂,例如甜味剂、调味剂和着色剂。
糖浆剂和酏剂可以与甜味剂如甘油、山梨糖醇或蔗糖一起配制。此类制剂还可以含有缓和剂、防腐剂、调味剂或着色剂。
所述组合物也可以是水包油乳液的形式。油相可以是植物油如橄榄油或花生油、矿物油如液体石蜡或其混合物。合适的乳化剂包括天然存在的树胶,例如阿拉伯树胶和黄蓍胶;天然存在的磷脂,例如大豆卵磷脂;衍生自脂肪酸和己糖醇酐的酯或偏酯,例如脱水山梨糖醇单油酸酯;以及这些偏酯与环氧乙烷的缩合产物,例如聚氧乙烯脱水山梨糖醇单油酸酯。所述乳液还可以含有甜味剂和调味剂。
水性悬浮液可含有与适于制造水性悬浮液的赋形剂混合的本文公开的本发明的组合物。此类赋形剂包括悬浮剂、分散剂或润湿剂、一种或多种防腐剂、一种或多种着色剂、一种或多种调味剂和一种或多种甜味剂如蔗糖或糖精。
本发明公开的组合物也可以通过吸入施用。在该施用途径中,可以将本发明的组合物溶于水或一些其他药学上可接受的载液中以用于吸入,或以干粉形式提供,然后引入气体或粉剂中,所述气体或粉剂然后被患者吸入适当的体积,从而为患者提供测量量的本发明组合物。
受控释放媒介物是药学领域技术人员众所周知的。该领域中的技术和产品被可变地称为受控释放、持续释放、延长作用、储库、储集库、延迟作用、延迟释放和定时释放;如本文所用的术语“受控释放”旨在并入前述技术中的每一者。
众多受控释放媒介物是已知的,包括可生物降解或可生物侵蚀的聚合物,例如聚乳酸、聚乙醇酸和再生胶原蛋白。已知的受控释放药物递送装置包括乳膏、洗剂、片剂、胶囊、凝胶、微球、脂质体、眼内插入物、微型泵和其他输注装置例如泵和注射器。从中缓慢释放活性成分的可植入或可注射的聚合物基质和透皮制剂也是众所周知的,并且可以用于所公开的方法中。
受控释放制剂可以通过使用聚合物与本发明的组合物形成复合物或吸收本发明的组合物来实现。可以通过选择合适的大分子如聚酯、聚氨基酸、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、乙烯乙酸乙烯酯、甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素和硫酸鱼精蛋白来执行所述受控递送,并且选择这些大分子的浓度以及掺入方法以控制本发明组合物的释放。
活性复合物的受控释放可被认为是指任何延长释放剂型。为了本公开的目的,以下术语可被认为基本上等同于受控释放:连续释放、受控释放、延迟释放、储库、逐渐释放、长期释放、程序化释放、延长释放、程序化释放、成比例释放、持久释放、储集库、延迟、缓慢释放、间隔释放、持续释放、定时包衣、定时释放、延迟作用、延期作用、分层定时作用、长效、延长作用、持续作用药物和延期释放、在肠道和肠中根据pH水平释放、分子的分解以及基于吸收和生物利用度。
本发明的组合物溶解在水性成分中以随时间逐渐释放的水凝胶可以通过使亲水性单烯烃单体例如甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯的共聚来制备。可以使用将本发明的组合物分散在载体材料的基质中的基质装置。所述载体可以是多孔的、无孔的、固体的、半固体的、可渗透的或不可渗透的。或者,可以使用包含由速率控制膜围绕的本发明组合物的中央贮库的装置来控制所述组合物的释放。速率控制膜包括乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物或对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯/聚四亚甲基醚对苯二甲酸酯。也考虑使用硅橡胶储库。
受控释放口服制剂也是众所周知的。在一个实施方式中,将本发明的组合物掺入可溶或易蚀的基质中,例如丸剂或锭剂。在另一个实例中,口服制剂可以是用于舌下施用的液体。这些液体组合物也可以是凝胶或糊剂的形式。通常使用亲水性树胶,例如羟甲基纤维素。可以使用润滑剂如硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸或硬脂酸钙来辅助压片过程。在一个优选的实施方式中,透皮贴剂、夹在不能渗透的背衬和膜面之间的稳态贮库以及透皮制剂也可以用于递送本发明的组合物。透皮施用系统是本领域众所周知的。一种类型的透皮贴剂是一种聚合物基质,其中本发明的组合物溶解在聚合物基质中,本发明的组合物通过该聚合物基质扩散到皮肤。
过渡性短语“基本上由……组成”将权利要求的范围限制为指定的材料或步骤以及那些不会实质性影响所要求保护的发明的基础和新型特征的材料或步骤。因此,例如,基本上由肌醇稳定的精氨酸硅酸盐复合物和游离肌醇组成的组合物不会包含已知治疗和/或预防认知下降或改善认知功能的其他成分。
本发明的组合物可以每天一次、两次或三次施用。在一些实施方式中,本发明的组合物每天四次施用。例如,本发明的组合物可以在餐前、餐后或餐中施用。在一些实施方式中,可以在进行需要认知功能的活动之前施用本发明的组合物。例如,本发明的组合物可以在玩视频游戏之前,在操作无人载具之前,在参与需要身体和认知功能的运动例如足球、英式足球、橄榄球、长曲棍球、篮球、曲棍球等之前施用。
尽管出于清楚和理解的目的已经详细描述了本发明,但是需要认识到,可以在不脱离本发明的真实范围的情况下对形式和细节上进行各种改变。
实施例
在随机化、双盲、安慰剂对照、平行组、前瞻性临床试验中,使用连线测验B(TMT)和斯楚普测验作为认知结果量度,来测试包含ASI(–1500毫克/天)和游离肌醇(100毫克/天)的“ASI+I”的组合物。TMT B涉及连接数字和字母的交替序列。TMT B评估视觉搜索、处理速度、心理灵活性和压力下的执行功能。斯楚普测验检测处理特定类型信息的大脑路径之间是否存在冲突或干扰。斯楚普测验要求受试者叫出“颜色词”的“油墨颜色”。颜色词“与油墨颜色相同”(一致)或“与油墨颜色不相同”(不一致)。斯楚普测验评估需要干扰分辨力的选择性注意力、反应抑制、反应选择和反应时间。在以下实施例中描述的研究是为了确定ASI+I的益处是否转移给视频游戏玩家,所述视频游戏玩家需要强认知状态并可能从可提高注意力、减少反应时间并增加能量水平的营养补充品中受益。在这项研究中,所使用的组合物含有ASI,并包含额外的肌醇“ASI+I”。
实施例1
总共60名健康的男性和女性成年受试者以1:1的比率随机分配以接受ASI+I或安慰剂,所述受试者的年龄在18至40岁(含端值)之间,体重指数(BMI)为18.0至34.9kg/m2(含端值),并且之前平均每周花5个小时或更多时间玩视频游戏达6个月。通过BMI为18.0至27.0和27.1至34.9对随机分配进行分层。
在第1天和第7天,在给药前、给药后至少15分钟和进行60分钟(+/-5分钟)的视频游戏后,进行TMT B和斯楚普测验。
每天一次服用ASI+I,其含有1500mg ASI和100mg额外的肌醇作为活性成分,并且还含有柠檬酸、天然香料、三氯蔗糖、乙酰磺胺酸钾和红40作为非活性成分。
每天一次服用安慰剂,其含有0mg ASI和0mg额外的肌醇,并且还含有麦芽糖糊精、柠檬酸、天然香料、三氯蔗糖、乙酰磺胺酸钾和红40。
在第1天,将受试者随机分配至安慰剂组或ASI+I组,并在给药前、给药后至少15分钟以及玩视频游戏60分钟(±5分钟)后进行TMT B和斯楚普测验。
指示受试者每天一次服用所述产品(安慰剂或ASI+I),并继续进行有关玩视频游戏的常规程序。
在第7天,受试者在给药前、给药后至少15分钟和玩视频游戏60分钟(±5分钟)后进行TMT B和斯楚普测验。第7天是产品的最后给药。
记录了所有时间点进行TMT B和斯楚普测验的总时间,以及每次测试期间犯下的错误数量。
如图1所示,与安慰剂相比,在ASI+I施用后15分钟,TMT B中犯下的错误数量显著减少。
如图2所示,与安慰剂和游戏后相比,在ASI+I施用后15分钟,斯楚普测验中犯下的错误数量减少。
考虑到仅使用ASI进行的先前研究,这是出乎意料的,先前研究表明与服用安慰剂相比,服用ASI的受试者在施用产品后15分钟在TMT B测试中犯了更多的错误(参见下表1)。
表1–TMT B错误(±SD)
给药前 | 给药后 | |
ASI | 0.5±0.1 | 0.3±0.5 |
安慰剂 | 0.8±0.9 | 0±0 |
Claims (11)
1.一种改善人类认知功能的方法,所述方法包括:
施用有效改善所述人类认知功能的量的肌醇稳定的精氨酸硅酸盐复合物和游离肌醇。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述肌醇稳定的精氨酸硅酸盐复合物的施用量为每天约0.5g至5g。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述肌醇稳定的精氨酸硅酸盐复合物的施用量为每天约1500mg。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述游离肌醇的施用量为每天约0.01g至1g。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述游离肌醇的施用量为每天约100mg。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述改善认知功能包括:改善人类的视觉构建、改善人类的执行功能、改善人类的视觉搜索、改善人类的运动速度技能、改善人类的心理灵活性、改善人类的选择性注意力、改善人类的干扰分辨力、改善人类的反应抑制、改善人类的反应选择和/或改善人类的反应时间。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述改善认知功能包括:提高执行任务的速度、减少执行任务时的错误数量、改善玩视频游戏时的表现和/或对无人载具或远程控制载具进行更精确的控制。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其中改善玩视频游戏时的表现包括:在视频游戏中增加高分、在更困难的水平/设置下玩游戏、在运动模拟视频游戏中获得更多的分数/进球、在射击视频游戏中命中更多的目标、在多人视频游戏中击败更多对手和/或在战斗模拟视频游戏中击中更多次对手。
9.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其中对无人载具的更精确的控制包括在控制所述无人载具时减少错误数量和/或增加由所述无人载具获取的目标数量。
10.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其中对远程控制载具的更精确的控制包括在控制所述远程控制载具时减少错误数量。
11.一种包含有效量的肌醇稳定的精氨酸硅酸盐复合物和有效量的游离肌醇的组合物,其中当向人类施用时所述有效量改善所述人类的认知功能。
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