CN113265178A

CN113265178A - Chitin polysaccharide-containing ecological degradation membrane liquid and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113265178A
Application number: CN202110546132.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邓忠贤
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-05-19
Filing date: 2021-05-19
Publication date: 2021-08-17

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological degrading membrane liquid containing chitin polysaccharide, which is environment-friendly and saves labor. The chitosan-citric acid-glycerol composite material comprises 1.8-2.6 wt% of chitin polysaccharide, 1.2-1.6 wt% of dilute glacial acetic acid, 1.2-3.3 wt% of dilute citric acid, 0.6-1.0 wt% of glycerol and the balance of water. The preparation process route is as follows: firstly, adding water into a stirring tank, stirring chitin polysaccharide while pouring, respectively injecting dilute glacial acetic acid in a flow stirring mode, stirring, then injecting dilute citric acid, stirring, gradually increasing revolution, finally injecting glycerin, dropping the revolution, outputting to a filtering device by a micropump, filtering, and storing and subpackaging equipment. The mulching film can replace plant protection films for protecting fruit films, plants and crop leaf surfaces, and replace liquid mulching films with chemical 0.0075 mm micro-thickness and unrecoverable mulching films and the like. Short degradation period and convenient use.

Description

Chitin polysaccharide-containing ecological degradation membrane liquid and preparation method thereof

The technical field is as follows:

the invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to an ecological degradation membrane liquid containing chitin polysaccharide (or called chitosan) for replacing unrecoverable ethylene mulching films and a preparation method thereof.

Background

With the multiple pressures of resources, environment, population and food, especially the increasing shortage of water and soil resources, in the middle of the 20 th century, how to efficiently utilize limited natural resources to produce enough food has become a great challenge to human beings at present. As the countries with the most population, relative lack of water and soil resources and great uncertainty of agricultural production and climate conditions in the world, the key to solving the food safety of 13 hundred million population is how to realize the stable development of agricultural production. In recent decades, with the development of science and technology and the progress of technology, the agricultural production mode of China has changed greatly, and the facility cultivation and the plastic film mulching cultivation have become one of the key measures for solving the yield and quality of food such as grains, vegetables and the like in China. Mulching films have become one of the most important agricultural production data besides fertilizers, seeds and pesticides. In order to cope with the climatic conditions unfavorable for agricultural production and to expand the crop planting area, mulching films have become a new and necessary agricultural input product, and the application range and the application amount thereof are rapidly increasing, and the mulching films are widely applied to the production of commercial crops such as vegetables, cotton and tobacco, and food crops such as corn, wheat and rice. The plastic film mulching cultivation technology has wide application range in agricultural production, is suitable for various crops, has large production increase amplitude, high economic benefit and high development speed, and is deeply popular with farmers. Agricultural technologists organically combine the traditional agricultural technology with the mulching film mulching technology, and innovate greatly in the research aspect of the mulching film mulching mechanism and the mulching cultivation mode, so that the mulching film mulching cultivation mode which can adapt to actual conditions of all places is formed, and particularly the mulching film cotton planting technology, the saline-alkali soil mulching cultivation technology, the rice mulching seedling raising technology, the corn mulching film ridge mulching cultivation technology, the corn double-ridge furrow mulching cultivation technology and the like are in the leading position in the world. In the current modern agricultural direction conversion process of our country agriculture forward intensification, facility, standardization, industrialization and specialization, the plastic film mulching technology plays an indispensable role in promoting regional agricultural production, guaranteeing food safety and increasing the income of farmers. However, at the same time, the environmental pollution problem caused by the wide application of the mulching film in agricultural production, particularly after the mulching film is popularized and applied to field crops, is increasingly highlighted. Mainly expressed in the following aspects. Firstly, the mulching film production materials are generally poor in degradability, the complete decomposition of the high polymer materials under natural conditions usually takes hundreds of years, and in addition, some harmful substances possibly generated by the plasticizer of the mulching film cause damage to crops and human beings, so that the white pollution of the mulching film becomes a social public hazard. A great deal of manpower and material resources are needed for recovering and treating the mulching film. Therefore, the market urgently needs a mulching film technology which has good degradability and is easy to recycle and not recycled.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an easily degradable and pollution-free mulching film technology to replace the traditional chemical non-degradable mulching film, an ecological degradation film liquid containing chitin (or called chitosan, chitosan and chitin) and a preparation method thereof. After the product finishes the protective covering period of a certain crop or plant on the ground surface, the product can be degraded into animal active enzyme, and repeated tests prove that the product not only improves the soil microenvironment, but also can induce the root system of the crop to generate resistant substances so as to prevent and control harmful microorganisms and relieve insect damage. In the aspect of application and investment, the chemical membrane is equal to the chitin polysaccharide membrane solution, and the ratio of spraying time to paving time is 3: 1.

The technical scheme is that the chitosan/citric acid composite material comprises 1.8-2.6 wt% of chitin polysaccharide, 1.2-1.6 wt% of dilute glacial acetic acid, 1.2-3.3 wt% of dilute citric acid, 0.6-1.0 wt% of glycerol and the balance of water.

The process route is as follows:

adding water into a stirring tank, stirring chitin polysaccharide while pouring, respectively injecting dilute glacial acetic acid in a flow stirring mode (stirring while changing injection), then injecting dilute citric acid, stirring, gradually increasing revolution, finally injecting glycerol, dropping revolution, outputting to a valve type 85-mesh filtering device by a micropump, filtering, and storing and subpackaging equipment.

Adding warm water of 20-26 ℃ into a stirring tank, adding chitin polysaccharide according to the proportioning dosage, stirring while inverting, wherein the stirring speed is about 30 revolutions per minute, the stirring pressure is 0.3 pascal, stirring for 8 minutes, injecting dilute glacial acetic acid, stirring for 12 minutes, gradually increasing the revolution number, increasing the revolution number to 80 → 120 → 150 revolutions per minute, stirring for 6 minutes at each revolution number, then additionally injecting glycerol, dropping the revolution number to 50 revolutions per minute, and controlling the dropping speed-reducing stirring for 6 minutes.

The invention has the advantages that:

the raw material cost is reduced, the viscosity value is increased, and the regulation and control of the degradation period are easier to master. Added with products such as fruit films capable of replacing conventional paper bags, plant protection films for protecting plant and crop leaf surfaces, liquid mulching films capable of replacing chemical 0.0075 mm micro-thickness unrecoverable mulching films, wind prevention and sand fixation liquids, biological seed coating films (replacing chemical pesticide seed coatings) and the like. Short degradation period and convenient use. Labor saving and labor force reduction, and compared with the traditional film, the ratio of spraying time to paving time is 3: 1.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the raw material ratios and the number and time of transfer in production in the examples were all the optimum values obtained by trial and error.

Example 1

Selecting the raw materials for drying and dehydrating in the autumn and winter. Taking 72 kg of 1.8% of chitin polysaccharide, putting the 72 kg of chitin polysaccharide into a stirring tank with warm water at 20 ℃, stirring for 8 minutes, then putting 40 kg of dilute glacial acetic acid, stirring for 12 minutes, then putting 40 kg of dilute citric acid, stirring for 8 minutes, then putting 24 kg of glycerin, stirring for 10 minutes, outputting to a valve type filtering device, filtering at 85 meshes, transferring to a storage and subpackaging device (the rest part of subpackaging can be stored), and subpackaging. The method can be used for protecting the leaf surface organisms and preventing the stem and the leaf from being infected by harmful gas and disease spores.

Example 2

Taking 104 kg of 2.6% of chitin polysaccharide, putting the kg of chitin polysaccharide into a stirrer with warm water at 26 ℃, after stirring for 8 minutes, putting 64 kg of dilute glacial acetic acid, after stirring for 12 minutes, putting 132 kg of dilute citric acid, after stirring for 8 minutes, putting 40 kg of glycerin, stirring for 10 minutes, and outputting to a valve type filtering device. Filtering with 85 mesh sieve, transferring into storage and subpackage device (the rest part can be stored), and subpackaging. Can be used as a substitute for unrecoverable white pollution ultramicro mulching film and can also be used as a substitute for the existing vinyl film paper-covered fruit bag on fruit trees.

(1) The whole set of process equipment adopts the existing stainless steel material. Such as a stirred tank, a storage tank, etc.

(2) The raw materials are selected from high-latitude areas (the chitin polysaccharide content is preferably high), the raw materials with high content are generally 31.2-34.7, the raw materials with low content are generally 9.6-11.8%, and the raw materials with high content are mixed with the raw materials of the country. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps of fine material selection, strict prevention of impurity mixing, no special requirement on mixing proportion, strict tank cleaning after each production batch in the process, split charging at normal temperature { 25-30 ℃), and low-temperature (2-6 ℃) storage. To ensure viscosity and degradation level adjustment.

(3) Selecting chitin polysaccharide raw material produced in winter or at low temperature.

(4) The whole process from constant volume preparation to split charging is perfected by adopting chip technology.

For example, the raw materials enter the process flow, the whole process from spectrum selection to split charging, namely, the whole process from material selection, crushing, stirring, filtering and split charging, is automatically controlled to be the Chinese character 'dian' production by a computer.

The liquid is not exposed to light and ventilation air after being stirred, so as to prevent the liquid from being degraded in advance. The product is sprayed directly onto ground surface, the ecological chitin polysaccharide degrading film liquid is sprayed homogeneously onto ground surface and spread, and at natural temperature, after water is evaporated and dispersed, the ecological chitin polysaccharide degrading film liquid bonds soil grains in chain net form into film capsule particle sheet. Through tests, different soil types have different film forming time, and the average film forming time is between 48 and 72 hours. After the film is formed, the color of the soil surface is brighter or lighter than that of the soil surface under the same condition when seen from a distance, the soil surface is cut open nearby, and a thin soil crust with the thickness of about 1.8-2.2 mm is seen on the soil surface. After repeated tests and comparison, the heat preservation and moisture preservation effects are the same as those of a chemical super-wei film (which cannot be recycled).

Claims

1. An ecological degrading membrane liquid containing chitin polysaccharide is characterized in that:

the chitosan-citric acid-glycerol composite material comprises 1.8-2.6 wt% of chitin polysaccharide, 1.2-1.6 wt% of dilute glacial acetic acid, 1.2-3.3 wt% of dilute citric acid, 0.6-1.0 wt% of glycerol and the balance of water.

2. The method for preparing the chitin-containing ecological degradation membrane liquid according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the process route is as follows:

firstly, adding water into a stirring tank, stirring chitin polysaccharide while pouring, respectively injecting dilute glacial acetic acid in a flow stirring mode for stirring, then injecting dilute citric acid for stirring, gradually increasing the revolution number, finally injecting glycerin, falling the revolution number back, outputting to a valve type 85-mesh filtering device by a micropump, filtering, and storing and subpackaging equipment.

3. The method for preparing the ecological degrading membrane liquid containing chitin polysaccharide according to claim 2, wherein: adding warm water of 20-26 ℃ into a stirring tank, adding chitin polysaccharide according to the proportioning dosage, stirring while inverting, wherein the stirring speed is about 30 revolutions per minute, the stirring pressure is 0.3 pascal, stirring for 8 minutes, injecting dilute glacial acetic acid, stirring for 12 minutes, gradually increasing the revolution number, increasing the revolution number to 80 → 120 → 150 revolutions per minute, stirring for 6 minutes at each revolution number, then additionally injecting glycerol, dropping the revolution number to 50 revolutions per minute, and controlling the dropping deceleration stirring to be 6 minutes.