CN113226383B - 用于灭菌监测的多层测试包 - Google Patents

用于灭菌监测的多层测试包 Download PDF

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CN113226383B
CN113226383B CN201980085735.XA CN201980085735A CN113226383B CN 113226383 B CN113226383 B CN 113226383B CN 201980085735 A CN201980085735 A CN 201980085735A CN 113226383 B CN113226383 B CN 113226383B
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CN113226383A (zh
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G·马可·博马里托
蒂莫西·J·尼斯
保罗·N·霍尔特
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Shuwanuo Intellectual Property Co
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Abstract

本发明所公开的多层测试包包括通道片以形成凹陷通道,并且然后密封层覆盖凹陷通道以形成嵌入通道。通过在薄膜通道片中提供凹陷通道,更好地控制凹陷通道公差。另外,使用可形成为辊的用于通道片的薄膜允许连续展开和连续结合到密封层。

Description

用于灭菌监测的多层测试包
技术领域
本公开涉及用于灭菌监测的多层测试包、制造该多层测试包的方法以及使用该多层测试包的方法。
背景技术
在灭菌过程中,灭菌剂气体如蒸汽、过氧化氢或环氧乙烷用于对负载进行灭菌。例如,被重复使用的服装、工具和器械在重复使用之前被放置在灭菌器中。灭菌指示器用于确定灭菌机器是否正常工作并且杀死可能存在于灭菌器中的微生物。
生物指示器用于通过监测包含在生物指示器内的测试微生物的存活来估计灭菌程序的有效性,该测试微生物对灭菌过程的抵抗力为大多数生物体的许多倍。使这些生物指示器经受灭菌循环,然后在将促进任何存活的测试微生物的生长的条件下进行温育。如果灭菌循环失效,则生物指示器产生指示生物样本仍存活的可检测信号。
化学指示器可在灭菌过程结束时立即进行读数。结果仅仅指示在灭菌过程期间存在特定的条件,诸如在某一时间段内存在特定的化学物质或温度。
这些灭菌指示器通常包括在测试包中,该测试包提供对使灭菌剂暴露于包含在测试包内的灭菌指示器的抵抗力。美国专利7,045,343公开了灭菌指示器测试包。
发明内容
将通道精确地形成到灭菌测试包中将提供对使灭菌剂暴露于包含在测试包内的灭菌指示器的确定量的抵抗力。薄膜通道片用于形成凹陷通道,并且然后密封层覆盖凹陷通道以形成嵌入通道。通过在薄膜通道片中提供凹陷通道,更好地控制凹陷通道公差。另外,使用可形成为辊的用于通道片的薄膜允许连续展开和连续结合到密封层。制造可以是连续的、快速的和高效的。
在一个实施方案中,多层测试包包括通道片,该通道片包括通道表面、与所述通道表面相背的覆盖表面。通道表面包括结合表面、从第一结合表面延伸到通道表面中的凹陷通道。测试包进一步包括密封层,该密封层包括密封表面和与密封表面相背的外表面,其中密封表面结合到结合表面。嵌入通道包含在凹陷通道和密封表面之间。嵌入通道从暴露于外部环境的入口端口和暴露于密封腔的出口端口延伸。密封腔与通道片分开连接。
在一个实施方案中,通道片包括单个一体结构,其中凹陷通道部分地延伸到通道表面中。在一个实施方案中,通道片包括具有通道表面的第一连续层和具有覆盖表面的第二连续层。在一个实施方案中,凹陷通道完全延伸穿过第一层。在一个实施方案中,通道片为具有基本上平坦的覆盖表面和基本上平坦的结合表面的薄层。在一个实施方案中,通道片进一步包括包围通道表面和覆盖表面的边缘。
在一个实施方案中,密封层进一步包括包围密封表面和外表面的边缘。在一个实施方案中,密封层进一步包括密封腔。
在一个实施方案中,入口端口位于通道片的边缘处、位于覆盖表面处或位于密封层处。在一个实施方案中,出口端口位于通道表面处或密封层处。
在一个实施方案中,密封腔保持生物指示器或化学指示器中的至少一者。
在一个实施方案中,密封表面通过热结合或粘合剂结合而结合到结合表面。
在一个实施方案中,一种制造多层测试包的方法包括提供通道片。通道片包括通道表面、与通道表面相背的覆盖表面,其中通道表面包括结合表面和从第一结合表面延伸到通道表面中的凹陷通道。该方法进一步包括:提供密封层,该密封层包括密封表面和与密封表面相背的外表面;以及将密封表面结合到结合表面,以在凹陷通道和密封表面之间形成嵌入通道。
在该方法的一个实施方案中,嵌入通道从暴露于外部环境的入口端口和暴露于密封腔的出口端口延伸。在该方法的一个实施方案中,密封腔与通道片分开连接。在该方法的一个实施方案中,结合为热结合或粘合剂结合。在该方法的一个实施方案中,通道片包括单个一体结构,该方法进一步包括将凹陷通道微复制到通道表面中。在该方法的一个实施方案中,通道片包括具有通道表面的第一连续层和具有覆盖表面的第二连续层,该方法进一步包括将第一连续层结合到第二连续层。在该方法的一个实施方案中,通道片设置在辊上,并且密封层设置在辊上,该方法进一步包括展开通道片、展开密封层、将密封表面连续地结合到结合表面。
附图说明
图1a为多层测试包的一个实施方案的侧截面分解图,其中通道片为单层;
图1b为图1a的多层测试包的实施方案的顶视图;
图1c为图1a的多层测试包的实施方案的侧截面装配图;
图2a为多层测试包的第二实施方案的侧截面分解图,其中通道片包括两层;
图2b为图2a的多层测试包的实施方案的顶视图;
图2c为图2a的多层测试包的实施方案的侧截面装配图;
图3a为多层测试包的第三实施方案的侧截面分解图,其中通道片包括两层;
图3b为图3a的多层测试包的实施方案的顶视图;
图3c为图3a的多层测试包的实施方案的侧截面装配图;
图4为使用微复制工艺制造多层测试包的方法的一个实施方案的侧视图,并且其中通道片和密封层结合在一起;
图5为制造多层测试包的方法的一个实施方案的侧视图,其中通道片包括第一层和第二层,并且其中第一层、第二层和密封层结合在一起。
虽然上述图片和附图示出了本发明的实施方案,但正如讨论中所指出的那样,还可以想到其它的实施方案。在所有情况下,本公开通过示例性而非限制性的方式介绍本发明。应当理解,本领域的技术人员可设计出许多其它修改和实施方案,这些修改和实施方案落入本发明的范围和实质内。附图可不按比例绘制。
具体实施方式
将通道精确地形成到灭菌测试包中将提供对使灭菌剂暴露于包含在测试包内的灭菌指示器的确定量的抵抗力。薄膜通道片用于形成凹陷通道,并且然后密封层覆盖凹陷通道以形成嵌入通道。通过在薄膜通道片中提供凹陷通道,更好地控制凹陷通道公差。将如下所述,可使用具有严格控制的制造公差的微复制工艺,或者在通道片为多层结构的实施方案中,凹陷通道可完全切穿形成凹陷通道的膜层。另外,使用可形成为辊的用于通道片的薄膜允许连续展开和连续结合到密封层。因此,制造可以是连续的、快速的和高效的。
现有的测试包(诸如美国专利7,927,866和美国专利9,017,944中所示)通常使用热成形工艺在单层中形成所有结构化表面、通道以及密封腔。考虑到通道与密封腔之间大小的大差异,在形成通道时可发生大的变化。另外,热成形或注射成型可为缓慢的批量制造工艺,其中零件是逐个制造的。
本发明所公开的多层测试包包括通道片、密封层,它们组合形成嵌入通道。用于保持灭菌指示器的密封腔与通道片分开连接。
图1a、图1b和图1c描绘了多层测试包100的实施方案。图1a为多层测试包100的侧截面分解图,其中通道片120为单层。图1b为多层测试包100的顶视图。图1c为多层测试包100的侧截面装配图。
多层测试包100具有通道片120、密封层130和密封腔150。在装配形式中,诸如图1b和图1c所示,通道片120和密封层130交接以形成嵌入通道140。
通道片120为包括通道表面122、覆盖表面128和边缘129的大致平坦的片材。通道片120通常比其厚度长得多且宽得多。通道表面122包括结合表面124和凹陷通道126。在该实施方案中,凹陷通道126部分地延伸到通道片120中。在该实施方案中,凹陷通道126不完全延伸穿过通道片120。在一个实施方案中,凹陷通道126以不大于10%、不大于25%、不大于50%、不大于75%、不大于90%地延伸到通道片120的厚度中。凹陷通道126的尺寸(长度、深度和直径)的精确控制对于获得可靠的测试包是重要的。当通道片120为具有通道表面122的单层构造时,可以使用方法诸如用于制造诸如图1a所示的通道片120的微复制来实现高精度。
密封层130具有密封表面132、外表面134和边缘136。密封层130为大致平坦的,并且在该实施方案中进一步包括凹陷部138。凹陷部138为可保持一个或多个指示器的空间。指示器包括化学指示器和生物指示器。
如图1c所示,密封层130固定到通道片120的结合表面124。将密封层130固定到通道片120的方法可包括但不限于技术诸如超声焊接、溶剂焊接、粘合剂、热熔结合、热结合/层压以及它们的组合。当密封层130固定到通道片120时,凹陷通道126形成嵌入通道140。嵌入通道140具有第一端部141和第二端部143(在图1b中例示)。在该实施方案中,第一端部141位于通道片120的边缘129处并且形成对环境开放的入口端口142。第二端部143包括对密封腔150开放的出口端口144。嵌入通道140的尺寸可为任何数量的大小、形状或长度,以向到达密封腔150内的指示器的外部灭菌剂提供足够的挑战。
密封腔150由密封到通道片120的凹陷部138形成。密封腔150可接纳一个或多个指示器,诸如化学指示器或生物指示器。如该实施方案所示,密封腔150与密封层130是一体的。诸如图1c所示的装配构造中的密封腔150除了通过出口端口144与嵌入通道140密封之外,还与外部环境密封。可以看到,密封腔150在大小上通常远大于嵌入通道140。
通道片120和密封层130可由能够结合在一起并且可经受灭菌过程的材料形成。例如,该材料可为热塑性材料,包括但不限于丙烯、聚乙烯、聚苯乙烯和聚氯乙烯。
图2a、图2b和图2c描绘了多层测试包200的另一个实施方案。图2a为多层测试包200的侧截面分解图,其中通道片220包括两层。图2b为多层测试包200的顶视图。图2c为多层测试包200的侧截面装配图。
多层测试包200具有通道片220、密封层230和密封腔250,该通道片包括通道层221和表面层225。在装配形式中,通道片220和密封层230交接以形成密封通道240。
通道片220包括由边缘229包围的通道层221、表面层225。通道层221包括顶表面223和通道表面222。通道表面222包括结合表面224和凹陷通道226。凹陷通道226延伸穿过通道层221的整个厚度。通道层221的顶表面223固定到表面层225。实现凹陷通道226的深度的精确控制,因为通道层221的厚度的控制将限定凹陷通道226的厚度。
密封层230具有密封表面232、外表面234和边缘236。密封层230为大致平坦的并且进一步包括凹陷部238。凹陷部238为可保持一个或多个指示器诸如化学指示器和生物指示器的空间。
图2c示出为装配图。密封层230在结合表面224与密封表面232的界面处固定到通道片220。将密封层230固定到通道片220的方法可包括但不限于超声焊接、溶剂焊接、粘合剂、热熔结合、热结合/层压以及它们的组合。当密封层230固定到通道片220时,凹陷通道226形成嵌入通道240,并且在该实施方案中,表面层225放置在通道层221上。嵌入通道240具有第一端部241和第二端部243。第一端部241包括对环境开放的入口端口242,并且第二端部243包括对密封腔250开放的出口端口244。在该实施方案中,入口端口244位于通道片220的通道层221内。嵌入通道240的尺寸可为任何数量的大小、形状或长度,以向到达密封腔250内的指示器的外部灭菌剂提供足够的挑战。
密封腔250由密封到通道片220的凹陷部238形成。密封腔250可接纳一个或多个指示器,诸如化学指示器或生物指示器。如图所示,密封腔250与密封层230是一体的。诸如图2c所示的装配构造中的密封腔250除了通过出口端口244与嵌入通道240密封之外,还与外部环境密封。可以看到,密封腔250在大小上通常远大于嵌入通道240。
通道片220和密封层230可由能够结合在一起并且可经受灭菌过程的材料形成。例如,该材料可为热塑性材料,包括但不限于丙烯、聚乙烯、聚苯乙烯和聚氯乙烯。
图3a、图3b和图3c描绘了多层测试包300的另一个实施方案。图3a为多层测试包300的侧截面分解图,其中通道片320包括两层。图3b为多层测试包300的顶视图。图3c为多层测试包300的侧截面装配图。
多层测试包300具有通道片320、密封层330和密封腔350,该通道片包括通道层321和表面层325。当装配时,通道片320和密封层330交接以形成密封通道340。在该实施方案中,密封腔350并非与密封层330一体形成,而是与密封层330分开连接。
通道片320包括由边缘329包围的通道层321、表面层325。类似于图2a所述的构造,通道层321包括顶表面323和通道表面322。通道表面322包括结合表面324和凹陷通道326。凹陷通道326延伸穿过通道层321的整个厚度。表面层325是实心的连续延伸的表面,没有通孔。
密封层330具有密封表面332、外表面334和边缘336。密封层330为大致平坦的。在装配时,利用技术诸如超声焊接、溶剂焊接、粘合剂、热熔结合、热结合/层压以及它们的组合在结合表面324与密封表面332的界面处将密封层330固定到通道片320。当密封层330固定到通道片320时,并且当通道片320具有固定的表面层325时,凹陷通道326形成嵌入通道340。嵌入通道340具有第一端部341和第二端部343(在图3b中例示)。第一端部341位于密封层330中并形成对环境开放的入口端口342。第二端部343也位于密封层330中并形成对密封腔350开放的出口端口344。嵌入通道的尺寸可为任何数量的大小、形状或长度,以向到达密封腔350内的指示器的外部灭菌剂提供足够的挑战。
密封腔350由密封到密封层330的凹陷部338形成。密封腔350接纳一个或多个指示器,诸如化学指示器和生物指示器。如图所示,密封腔350与密封层330分开连接。在该实施方案中,可通过技术诸如超声焊接、溶剂焊接、粘合剂、热熔结合、热结合/层压或它们的组合将密封腔350结合或固定到密封层330。诸如图3c所示的装配构造中的密封腔350除了通过出口端口344与嵌入通道340密封之外,还与外部环境密封。可以看到,密封腔350在大小上通常远大于嵌入通道340。
通道片320、密封层330和密封腔350可由能够结合在一起并且可经受灭菌过程的材料形成。例如,该材料可为热塑性材料,包括但不限于丙烯、聚乙烯、聚苯乙烯和聚氯乙烯。这些层中的任何一个层可具有各种厚度、柔性或刚性。
生物指示器或化学指示器中的至少一者插入到密封腔350中。在灭菌循环之后,在灭菌剂行进穿过嵌入通道以到达密封腔的情形下,必须读取指示器。如果密封腔由透明材料构成,则可感知指示器上的视觉指示。然而,通常生物指示器将需要从密封腔移除并且允许温育。在温育之后,然后读取生物指示器。因此,本发明所公开的测试包的各个层应被构造成允许在灭菌之后进入密封腔中。在一个示例中,密封腔的粘合剂或层压物是可移除的,以允许进入密封腔中包含的指示器。
虽然实施方案描述了单个嵌入通道,但应当理解,可形成多于一个嵌入通道以用于提供从外部环境进入密封腔。
应当理解,对于任何实施方案,入口端口的位置可互换地位于诸如图1a至图1c所示的通道片的边缘中或如图2a至图2c以及图3a至图3c所示的内部处。
应当理解,对于任何实施方案,通道片可以是单层(如图1a所示)或多层构造(诸如图2a和图3a所示)。另外,可包括附加层,诸如具有3个或更多个层的通道片。
应当理解,对于任何实施方案,腔可作为密封层的一部分一体形成,诸如图1a和图2a所示,或其自身可为施加到多层测试包的单独元件,诸如图3a所示。
本文所述的测试包的优点在于,测试包的总区域可最小化,因为嵌入通道可在密封腔的区域上延伸。通道和腔一体形成为相同材料的另选设计具有与腔相邻的通道,并且因此测试包的大小更大。在一个实施方案中,腔可位于嵌入通道的正下方。
图4描绘了制造测试包诸如图1a至图1c所示的测试包100的方法的实施方案。制造测试包100的方法包括挤出模410、微复制辊420、辊隙430和密封层辊440。挤出模410将材料诸如热塑性材料挤出到微复制辊420上,该微复制辊具有产生通道片425的结构的结构化表面。然后,通道片425被进给到辊隙430中,在辊隙处,通道片固定到来自密封层辊440的密封层445。根据用于将通道片425连接到密封层445的技术,可以包括另外的元件。例如,可包括粘合剂涂布机或喷涂器。
图5描绘了制造测试包诸如图2a至图2c或图3a至图3c所示的测试包200、300的方法的实施方案。该方法包括密封层辊440、通道层辊450和表面层辊460。将层从相应的辊进给到辊隙430中,该辊隙将层固定在一起。另外,根据用于将通道片425连接到密封层445的技术,可以包括元件。例如,可包括粘合剂涂布机或喷涂器。
使用测试包的方法可包括使包含一个或多个指示器的测试包与被净化的材料一起经受净化过程诸如高压灭菌。灭菌剂诸如蒸汽、环氧乙烷或过氧化氢从外部环境行进穿过嵌入通道,并且进入包含指示器的密封腔中。化学指示器将指示暴露于灭菌剂。灭菌剂将杀死生物指示器内的生物材料中的任一种。在灭菌之后,可移除指示器。如果使用生物指示器,则可温育生物指示器以确定任何剩余的生物物质是否将生长以指示“失效的”灭菌循环。
尽管本文已示出和描述了具体实施方案,但是应当理解,这些实施方案仅是示例性地展示了应用本发明原理时可设计的许多可能的具体布置。本领域的技术人员可根据这些原理在不脱离本发明的实质和范围的前提下设计出许多且不同的其它布置方式。因此,本发明的范围不应限于本专利申请中所述的结构,而只应受权利要求书的文字所述的结构及其等同结构的限制。

Claims (15)

1.一种多层测试包,所述多层测试包包括:
通道片,所述通道片包括通道表面、与所述通道表面相背的覆盖表面,其中所述通道表面包括:
结合表面;
凹陷通道,所述凹陷通道从第一结合表面延伸到所述通道表面中;
密封层,所述密封层包括密封表面和与所述密封表面相背的外表面,其中所述密封表面结合到所述结合表面;
嵌入通道,所述嵌入通道包含在所述凹陷通道和所述密封表面之间;
其中所述嵌入通道从暴露于外部环境的入口端口和暴露于密封腔的出口端口延伸;
其中所述密封腔形成在所述密封层中或在与所述通道片相反的一侧密封到所述密封层;
其中所述通道片包括具有所述通道表面的第一连续层和具有覆盖表面的第二连续层;
其中所述凹陷通道完全延伸穿过第一连续层;并且
其中所述入口端口完全延伸穿过所述覆盖表面。
2.根据权利要求1所述的多层测试包,其中所述通道片为具有基本上平坦的覆盖表面和基本上平坦的结合表面的薄层。
3.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的多层测试包,其中通道片进一步包括包围所述通道表面和所述覆盖表面的边缘。
4.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的多层测试包,其中所述密封层进一步包括包围所述密封表面和所述外表面的边缘。
5.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的多层测试包,其中所述密封层进一步包括所述密封腔。
6.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的多层测试包,其中所述出口端口位于所述通道表面处或所述密封层处。
7.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的多层测试包,其中所述密封腔保持生物指示器或化学指示器中的至少一者。
8.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的多层测试包,其中所述密封表面通过热结合或粘合剂结合而结合到所述结合表面。
9.根据权利要求1所述的多层测试包,还包括设置在所述密封腔中的生物指示器。
10.一种制造多层测试包的方法,所述方法包括:
提供通道片,所述通道片包括通道表面、与所述通道表面相背的覆盖表面,其中所述通道表面包括:
结合表面;
凹陷通道,所述凹陷通道从第一结合表面延伸到所述通道表面中;
提供密封层,所述密封层包括密封表面和与所述密封表面相背的外表面;
将所述密封表面结合到所述结合表面,以在所述凹陷通道和所述密封表面之间形成嵌入通道;
其中密封腔形成在所述密封层中或在与所述通道片相反的一侧密封到所述密封层。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中所述嵌入通道从暴露于外部环境的入口端口和暴露于密封腔的出口端口延伸。
12.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中结合为热结合或粘合剂结合。
13.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中所述通道片包括单个一体结构,所述方法进一步包括:
将所述凹陷通道微复制到所述通道表面中。
14.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中所述通道片包括具有所述通道表面的第一连续层和具有所述覆盖表面的第二连续层,所述方法进一步包括:
将所述第一连续层结合到所述第二连续层。
15.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中所述通道片设置在辊上,并且所述密封层设置在辊上,所述方法进一步包括:
展开所述通道片;
展开所述密封层;
将所述密封表面连续地结合到所述结合表面。
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