CN113207332A - No-tillage seeding and fertilizing machine for corn - Google Patents
No-tillage seeding and fertilizing machine for corn Download PDFInfo
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- CN113207332A CN113207332A CN202110424936.7A CN202110424936A CN113207332A CN 113207332 A CN113207332 A CN 113207332A CN 202110424936 A CN202110424936 A CN 202110424936A CN 113207332 A CN113207332 A CN 113207332A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
- A01B49/06—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
- A01B49/065—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising the soil-working tools being actively driven
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/02—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind
- A01B49/022—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind at least one tool being actively driven
- A01B49/025—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind at least one tool being actively driven about a substantially vertical axis
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Abstract
A no-tillage seeding and fertilizing machine for corn belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. Including the frame and set gradually the dark pine fertilization soil preparation mechanism in the frame, seed manure fertilizing mechanism, sowing mechanism, earthing mechanism and suppression mechanism, seed manure fertilizing mechanism and sowing mechanism are respectively through chain drive connection running wheel axle, and sowing mechanism ditching shovel work rear end is arranged in to seed manure fertilizer pipe, arranges fertilizer in seed ditch bottom, and the ditching shovel rear is arranged in to the seed metering pipe seed outlet of sowing mechanism, makes the different positions, the different degree of depth of seed ditch are arranged in to seed manure exhaust fertilizer and the seed of broadcasting. The invention can ensure that the fertilizer does not burn seedlings, and the seeds can well absorb the fertilizer, thereby being beneficial to the germination of the seeds.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a no-tillage seeding and fertilizing machine for corn.
Background
In northern areas of China, the climate is arid, the water and soil loss is serious, and the protective farming is widely popularized in recent years. The protective farming technology is an advanced agricultural farming technology aiming at reducing wind erosion and water erosion, protecting ecological environment, saving cost, increasing income and improving the life of farmers; however, the research on the key technology of the ridge-planting protective farming is weak, and the technology integration level is low. From the research of nearly 20 years in the early 90 s of the last century, several no-tillage seeders were tested in the northeast ridge region, and the test of the U.S. Buffalo no-tillage seeders in the suburbs of Shenyang in 2006 shows that the stubble breaking and ridge cleaning quality is good; however, the concave disc moves soil greatly, soil moisture loss is serious, and the machine only has equipment for spreading herbicide but no fertilizing device. At present, due to the lack of corresponding stubble-breaking covering deep fertilizing no-tillage seeding machines and other machines, taking Liaoning province as an example, the protective farming mode adopted in production still mainly adopts shallow rotary covering after harvesting in autumn, and due to the fact that blades rotating at high speed damage soil aggregate structures, the water storage and soil moisture preservation, soil preservation and fertilizer preservation capabilities of soil are reduced, and the machine is not suitable for northeast ridge planting no-tillage seeding. Although the portable hand-push no-tillage corn seeder disclosed in Chinese patent application No. CN201810976349 is simple in structural design and convenient to operate, and can realize seeding operation of corn, the row spacing and the plant spacing of seeding cannot be accurately controlled, the corn is easy to empty or densely seed, deep fertilization and synchronous use of seed manure cannot be realized, and the seeding germination effect and the later-stage growth of the corn are influenced; in addition, the surface of the field can not be cleaned before corn sowing, ridge culture operation is carried out, the subsequent crop growth is not facilitated, and the planting requirement of modern agricultural production can not be met.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that the existing no-tillage corn seeder can not accurately control the row spacing and the plant spacing of seeding, and the corn is easy to be emptied or planted densely, and seed manure can not be applied precisely, thereby affecting the seeding effect and the later growth of the corn and being incapable of realizing the synchronous application of deep fertilization and seed manure; in addition, the surface of a field cannot be cleaned, prepared and deeply loosened before corn sowing, and the technical problem that the planting requirement of modern agricultural production cannot be met is solved.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a corn no-tillage seeding and fertilizing machine, which comprises a rack, a deep scarification fertilizing and soil preparation mechanism, a seed and fertilizer fertilizing mechanism, a seeding mechanism, an earthing mechanism and a pressing mechanism, wherein the deep scarification fertilizing and soil preparation mechanism, the seed and fertilizer fertilizing mechanism, the seeding mechanism, the earthing mechanism and the pressing mechanism are sequentially arranged on the rack, the seed and fertilizer fertilizing mechanism and the seeding mechanism are respectively connected with a traveling wheel shaft through chain transmission, a seed and fertilizer discharging pipe is arranged at the working rear end of a furrowing shovel of the seeding mechanism, fertilizer is arranged at the bottom of a seed ditch, a seed discharging port of a seed discharging pipe of the seeding mechanism is arranged behind the furrowing shovel, and the fertilizer discharged by the seed and fertilizer and broadcasted seeds are arranged at different positions and different depths of the seed ditch.
Preferably, the seed fertilizer applying mechanism comprises a seed fertilizer box arranged on the frame, a fertilizer distributor connected with the seed fertilizer box and a seed fertilizer and fertilizer distributing pipe, wherein the seed fertilizer box is filled with water and fertilizer, a fertilizer distributor is arranged corresponding to each sowing ditch, the fertilizer distributor comprises a fertilizer containing cavity, a piston rod, a return spring, a cam and two spring baffles, the fertilizer containing cavity is connected with a seed fertilizer box through a connecting pipe, the connecting pipe is provided with a one-way valve I to ensure that the water and fertilizer in the seed and fertilizer box flows into the fertilizer containing cavity in one way, the seed and fertilizer discharging pipe is connected with the outlet of the fertilizer containing cavity, a one-way valve II is arranged on the seed manure and fertilizer discharging pipe close to the outlet to ensure that the liquid manure flows out of the fertilizer containing cavity in one way, one end of the piston rod is arranged in the fertilizer containing cavity, the other end of the piston rod extends out of the fertilizer containing cavity and is contacted with a cam connected on a cam shaft of the frame, two spring baffles sleeved on the piston rod are respectively arranged at the top of the frame and the top of the fertilizer containing cavity, and a return spring is sleeved on the piston rod between the two spring baffles.
Preferably, still be provided with broken part and mix the part in the seed manure case, broken part and mix the part and all install in the seed manure case to mix the part and be located broken part's below, broken part includes two crushing rollers, two meshing gears and driving chain IV, two the crushing roller interval is installed in the seed manure case, two meshing gears installs the one end at two crushing roller shafts respectively, and one of them crushing roller shaft is through IV connection land wheel of driving chain, mixes the part and be the impeller, and the impeller shaft passes through V connection another crushing roller shaft of driving chain, still is equipped with two symmetrical inclined guide boards between crushing roller and impeller.
Preferably, the sowing mechanism comprises a seed box, a seed sowing device arranged in the seed box, a seed containing plate connected with a seed outlet of the seed box and a ditching shovel connected to the rack, and the seed outlet of the seed containing plate corresponds to a seed ditch; the seed metering device comprises a rotating shaft and a plurality of rotating arms, wherein a seed outlet communicated with a seed containing disc is formed in the bottom of the seed box, the rotating shaft is installed in the seed box, one end of the rotating shaft extends out of the seed box, the rotating shaft is connected with a land wheel through a chain transmission II, the rotating arms are fixed on the rotating shaft along the circumference in the seed box, and the end part of each rotating arm is provided with an arc-shaped plugging block matched with the seed outlet.
Preferably, the seed containing disc comprises a driven shaft and a plurality of partition plates, the seed containing disc is of a hollow structure and is communicated with the seed box outlet, the driven shaft is rotatably installed on the seed containing disc, one end of the driven shaft extends out of the seed containing disc and is connected with the seed box rotating shaft through a chain transmission III, the partition plates are fixed on the driven shaft along the circumference of the driven shaft, a temporary storage cavity for accommodating seeds is formed between every two adjacent partition plates, and the bottom of the seed containing disc is provided with a seed discharging opening communicated with the interior of the seed containing disc and is connected with a seed discharging pipe.
Preferably, the deep-loosening, fertilizing and soil-preparing mechanism comprises a deep-loosening shovel, a bottom fertilizer applying pipe, a bottom fertilizer box, a deep-loosening auger and a shaping device, wherein the bottom fertilizer box is arranged on the frame, the bottom fertilizer applying pipe is arranged at the working rear end of the deep-loosening shovel, the deep-loosening auger is arranged on the frame and is positioned at the working rear end of the bottom fertilizer applying pipe for deep loosening and bottom fertilizer mixing, the shaping device is arranged at the working rear end of the deep-loosening auger and corresponds to a sowing ditch of the sowing mechanism, a trapezoidal pressing plate structure is formed by a top pressing plate and two side pressing plates, an inserting rod is connected to a top plate of the trapezoidal pressing plate structure and is inserted into the frame through the inserting rod, and a pressing spring is arranged on the inserting rod between the frame and the top plate; the tail ends of the two side pressing plates are provided with arc-shaped bending edges.
Preferably, the working front end of the top plate at the working front end of the top plate is provided with two symmetrically inclined cleaning plates, and a triangular structure is formed between the two cleaning plates and the two ends of the top pressure plate.
Preferably, the cleaning plate is an arc-shaped plate, the concave end is located on the outer side, and the convex end corresponds to the top plate side.
Preferably, the compacting mechanism is the compacting roller that has trapezoidal recess, trapezoidal recess cooperatees with the trapezoidal clamp plate structure of soil preparation mechanism, and its height H is less than the height H of trapezoidal clamp plate structure.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention relates to a corn no-tillage seeding and fertilizing machine, which is characterized in that a deep scarification fertilizing and soil preparation mechanism, a seed and fertilizer fertilizing mechanism, a seeding mechanism, an earthing mechanism and a pressing mechanism are arranged to be mutually matched, so that a seed and fertilizer discharging pipe is arranged at the working rear end of a furrowing shovel of the seeding mechanism, fertilizer is arranged at the bottom of a seed ditch, a seed outlet of the seed discharging pipe of the seeding mechanism is arranged behind the furrowing shovel, and the fertilizer discharged by the seed and broadcasted seeds are arranged at different positions at different depths of the seed ditch. Not only ensures that the fertilizer does not burn seedlings, but also ensures that the seeds can well absorb the fertilizer, thereby being beneficial to the germination of the seeds.
2. The fertilizer distributor of the seed fertilizer fertilizing mechanism is of an intermittent fertilizer distributing structure, a fertilizer containing cavity of the fertilizer distributor is connected with a seed fertilizer box through a connecting pipe, a one-way valve I is arranged on the connecting pipe to ensure that water and fertilizer in the seed fertilizer box flows into the fertilizer containing cavity in a one-way mode, a one-way valve II is arranged on a seed fertilizer distributing pipe to ensure that the water and fertilizer flow out of the fertilizer containing cavity in a one-way mode, one end of a piston rod is arranged in the fertilizer containing cavity, the other end of the piston rod extends out of the fertilizer containing cavity and is in contact with a cam connected to a cam shaft of a rack, two spring baffles sleeved on the piston rod are respectively arranged at the top of the rack and the top of the fertilizer containing cavity, and a reset spring is sleeved on the piston rod between the two spring baffles. The cam rotates to drive the piston rod to reciprocate, so that fertilizer is discharged intermittently,
3. The seed manure box is also internally provided with a crushing component and a stirring component, the crushing of the solid fertilizer is realized by arranging two crushing rollers, the full dissolution of the fertilizer is realized by arranging the stirring component in the mixed solution, and two symmetrical inclined guide plates are arranged between the crushing rollers and the impeller and used for guiding.
4. The seeding mechanism of the invention is that a seed sowing device is arranged in a seed box, a seed containing disc connected with a seed outlet of the seed box is arranged outside the seed box, the seed sowing device comprises a rotating shaft and a plurality of rotating arms arranged on the rotating shaft, and the end part of each rotating arm is provided with an arc-shaped block matched with the seed outlet. The rotation of the rotating arm realizes the stirring of the corn seeds in the seed box and prevents the blockage of the seed outlet caused by excessive corn seeds; through the cooperation of the arc-shaped plugging block and the seed outlet, quantitative seed discharging to the seed containing disc is realized. Set up a plurality of division boards on the driven shaft of flourishing kind of dish, form a plurality of temporary storage chambers that supply the seed to hold, the seed of every temporary storage intracavity is for sowing predetermined seeding volume, realizes precision seeding.
6. The deep scarification and fertilization shaping mechanism is characterized in that after deep scarification and base fertilizer mixing are carried out, a deep scarification auger carries out deep scarification and mixing action, a shaping device is arranged at the rear working end of the deep scarification auger, a seeding ridge structure is formed after shaping, the shaping device is of a trapezoidal pressing plate structure formed by a top pressing plate and two side pressing plates, and a pressing spring is arranged on the top pressing plate to press and shape soil without being too tight; the tail ends of the pressing plates on the two sides are provided with arc-shaped bending edges, so that the trimming operation is facilitated. Two cleaning plates which are symmetrically inclined are arranged at the front working end of the top pressure plate to clean impurities on the ground.
7. The pressing mechanism is a pressing roller with a trapezoidal groove, and the trapezoidal groove is matched with a trapezoidal pressing plate structure of the land preparation mechanism. Further compacting soil, shaping, and facilitating soil moisture preservation, seed germination, subsequent irrigation operation and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a seed fertilizer application mechanism in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the seed manure box of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the seed planting mechanism of fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the shaper of fig. 1.
Fig. 8 is a left side view of fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is a top view of fig. 7.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the press mechanism of fig. 1.
In the figure: 1. a machine frame, a plurality of guide rails and a plurality of guide rails,
2. the deep loosening, fertilizing and soil preparing mechanism comprises a deep loosening shovel 21, a deep loosening shovel 22, a bottom fertilizer box 23, a bottom fertilizer applying pipe 24, a deep loosening auger 25, a shaping device 251, a top pressing plate 252, a side pressing plate 253, an inserting rod 254, a pressing spring 255, an arc-shaped bent edge 256 and a cleaning plate 256;
3. the fertilizer spreading mechanism comprises a seed fertilizer spreading mechanism 31, a seed fertilizer box 32, a fertilizer distributor 321, a fertilizer containing cavity 322, a piston rod 323, a return spring 324, a spring baffle I, a spring baffle 325, a cam shaft 3251, a cam 326, a connecting pipe 327, a check valve I, a check valve 328, a check valve II, a spring baffle II, a chain drive I, a chain drive 34, a crushing component 341, a crushing roller 342, a meshing gear 343, a chain drive IV, a chain drive 35, a stirring component 351, a chain drive V, a chain drive 36, an inclined guide plate 37 and a seed fertilizer distributing pipe;
4. the seeding mechanism comprises a seeding mechanism, 41 seed boxes, 42 seed metering devices, 421 rotating shafts, 422 rotating arms, 423 arc-shaped blocks, 43 seed containing discs, 431 driven shafts, 432 partition plates, 433 temporary storage cavities, 434 seed metering ports, 44 seed metering pipes, 45 chain drives II, 46 chain drives III and 47 ditching shovels;
5. the soil covering mechanism is arranged on the soil covering mechanism,
6. a pressing mechanism 61, a trapezoidal groove;
7. and 8, a traveling wheel, 8, a suspension bracket.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
Example (b): as shown in figure 1, the no-tillage seeding and fertilizing machine for corn comprises a frame 1, a deep scarification fertilizing and soil preparing mechanism 2, a seed and fertilizer applying mechanism 3, a seeding mechanism 4, an earthing mechanism 5 and a compacting mechanism 6 which are sequentially arranged on the frame 1, wherein the seed and fertilizer applying mechanism 3 and the seeding mechanism 4 are respectively connected with a walking wheel 7 shaft through a chain transmission I33 and a chain transmission II 45, a seed and fertilizer discharging pipe 37 is arranged at the rear working end of a furrowing blade 45 of the seeding mechanism 4 to place fertilizer at the bottom of a seed ditch, a seed discharging pipe 44 of the seeding mechanism 4 is arranged behind the furrowing blade 45 to enable the fertilizer discharged from a seed and the broadcasted seeds to be arranged at different positions of different depths of the seed ditch, after the seed ditch is opened, the fertilizer is discharged to the bottom of the seed ditch through the seed and fertilizer discharging pipe 37, and partial soil in the seed ditch is backfilled after a furrowing to the soil is opened, the seeds discharged from the seed pipe 44 are positioned above the fertilizer and are 5-8mm apart from each other along the direction of the seed ditch, not only ensures that the fertilizer does not burn seedlings, but also ensures that the seeds can well absorb the fertilizer, thereby being beneficial to the germination of the seeds. The invention is provided with a suspension bracket 8 at one end of a frame, and the suspension bracket 8 is connected with a tractor to drive a seeding and fertilizing machine to work.
Further, as shown in fig. 2-4, the seed manure fertilizing mechanism 3 of this embodiment includes a seed manure box 31 disposed on the frame 1, a fertilizer apparatus 32 connected to the seed manure box 31, and a seed manure fertilizing tube 37, wherein the seed manure box 31 contains water manure, one fertilizer apparatus 32 is disposed corresponding to each sowing trench, the fertilizer apparatus 32 includes a fertilizer containing cavity 321, a piston rod 322, a return spring 323, a cam 325, and two spring baffles (a spring baffle i 324 and a spring baffle ii 329), the fertilizer containing cavity 321 is connected to the seed manure box 31 through a connecting tube 326, a one-way valve i 327 is disposed on the connecting tube 326 to ensure that the water manure in the seed manure box 31 flows into the fertilizer containing cavity 321 in one way, the seed manure fertilizing tube 33 is connected to an outlet of the fertilizer containing cavity 321, a one-way valve ii 328 is disposed on the seed manure tube 33 near the outlet to ensure that the water manure flows out of the fertilizer containing cavity 321 in one way, one end of the piston rod 322 is disposed in the fertilizer containing cavity 321, one end of the fertilizer containing cavity 321 extends out to be in contact with a cam 3251 connected to a cam shaft 325 of the frame 1, the cam shaft 325 is installed on the frame 1 and is connected with a land wheel 7 through a chain transmission I33, two spring baffles I324 and II 329 sleeved on a piston rod 322 are respectively installed at the tops of the frame 1 and the fertilizer containing cavity 321, and a return spring 323 is sleeved on the piston rod 322 between the spring baffles I324 and II 329. The cam shaft 3251 is driven to rotate by the land wheel 7, the cam 325 on the cam shaft is further driven to rotate, the piston rod 322 in contact with the cam 325 makes reciprocating motion, when the piston rod 322 moves to the lowest point, the piston rod 322 downwards compresses the return spring 323, the fertilizer in the fertilizer containing cavity 321 is discharged to the outlet of the seed and fertilizer discharging pipe 33, and the fertilizer is discharged; along with the rotation of the cam 325, the piston rod 322 moves upwards under the action of the elastic force of the return spring 323, negative pressure is formed in the fertilizer containing cavity 321, so that fertilizer in the seed fertilizer box 31 flows into the fertilizer containing cavity 321 through the one-way valve I327, due to the action of the one-way valve II 328, the fertilizer in the fertilizer containing cavity 321 cannot be discharged to the outlet of the seed fertilizer and fertilizer discharging pipe 33, and when the cam 325 rotates to enable the piston rod 322 to move downwards, the fertilizer in the fertilizer containing cavity 321 can be discharged to the outlet of the seed fertilizer and fertilizer discharging pipe 33 under the thrust action of the piston rod 322, and the fertilizer discharging of the seed fertilizer is completed.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in order to facilitate the mixing and dissolving, a crushing member 34 and an agitating member 35 are further arranged in the seed manure box 31, the crushing member 34 and the agitating member 35 are both installed in the seed manure box 31, the agitating member is located below the crushing member, the crushing member comprises two crushing rollers 341, two meshing gears 342 and a chain drive 343 ii, the two crushing rollers 341 are installed in the seed manure box 31 at intervals, the two meshing gears 342 are respectively installed at one end of the shafts of the two crushing rollers 341, one of the crushing rollers is connected with the other ground wheel 7 through the chain drive iv 343, the agitating member 35 is an impeller, the shaft of the impeller is connected with the other crushing roller shaft through the chain drive v 351, and two symmetrical inclined guide plates 36 are further arranged between the crushing rollers 341 and the impeller. Drive IV 343 transmission of chain drive through land wheel 7, drive one of them crushing roller 341 and rotate, through the transmission of meshing gear 342 on two crushing roller 341 roller shafts, drive two crushing roller 341 relative or rotate in opposite directions, grind solid fertilizer, fertilizer after grinding is followed oblique guide 36 and is led to lower part aquatic and dissolved, stir through stirring impeller, make fertilizer intensive mixing dissolve water, improve the mixed effect and the efficiency of follow-up fertilizer, do not need the manual work still to carry out the preliminary treatment step to fertilizer in earlier stage, reduce its labour and improved work efficiency, oblique guide 36 leads to the fertilizer after the breakage, stir the blade wheel afterwards and to the fertilizer intensive mixing after the breakage, realize the fertilization automatic feed after the maize seeding, and the work efficiency is improved.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the sowing mechanism 4 of the present embodiment includes a seed box 41, a seed sowing device 42 disposed in the seed box 41, a seed holding plate 43 connected to a seed outlet of the seed box 41, and a furrowing blade 45 connected to the frame 1, wherein the seed outlet of the seed holding plate 43 corresponds to a seed ditch; seed metering ware 42 includes pivot 421 and a plurality of rotor arm 422, the bottom of seed case 41 is equipped with the play seed mouth that is linked together with flourishing kind of a dish 43, pivot 421 install in seed case 41, and seed case 41 is stretched out to one end, and it connects land wheel 7 through chain drive II 45, in seed case 41 a plurality of rotor arms 422 are fixed on pivot 421 along the circumference, and every rotor arm 422 tip all is equipped with and goes out seed mouth complex arc sprue 423. The chain transmission II 45 is driven by the land wheel 7 to drive the rotating shaft 421 of the seed metering device 42 to rotate, so that the seeds in the seed box 41 enter between the adjacent rotating arms 422 of the seed metering device 42 and are discharged to the seed containing plate 43 through the seed outlet, and the rotating arms 422 rotate, so that the corn seeds in the seed box 41 are stirred, and the blockage of the seed outlet caused by excessive corn seeds is prevented; the arc-shaped blocking block 423 is matched with the seed outlet to realize quantitative seed sowing to the seed containing disc 43. The seed outlet of the embodiment can be adjusted according to actual needs, and an inserting plate adjusting mode is adopted, namely a slidable inserting plate is arranged at the seed outlet, the size of the seed outlet is adjusted through adjusting the inserting plate, and the seed sowing quantity is adjusted.
As shown in fig. 6, the seed accommodating tray 43 comprises a driven shaft 431 and a plurality of partition plates 432, the seed accommodating tray 43 is of a hollow structure and is communicated with the outlet of the seed box 41, the driven shaft 431 is rotatably installed on the seed accommodating tray 43, one end of the driven shaft 431 extends out of the seed accommodating tray 43 and is connected with the seed box rotating shaft 421 through a chain drive iii 46, a plurality of partition plates 432 are uniformly fixed on the circumference of the driven shaft 431, a temporary storage cavity 433 for accommodating seeds is formed between every two adjacent partition plates 432, and the bottom of the seed accommodating tray 43 is provided with a seed discharging opening 434 communicated with the interior of the seed accommodating tray and is connected with the seed discharging pipe 44. The seed box rotating shaft 421 rotates, the transmission shaft 431 is driven to synchronously rotate through the chain transmission III 46, the space separated by the partition plate 432 is 2 times of the space separated by the rotating arm 422 of the seed metering device 43, so that the seeds discharged by the seed containing plate 43 are half of the seeds discharged by the seed metering device 43, the automatic intermittent uniform seeding of the corn seeds is realized, the corn is prevented from being easily emptied or densely planted, the aim of accurately controlling the row spacing and the plant spacing of the seeding is achieved, and the later growth of the corn is ensured.
As shown in fig. 1 and 7-9, the deep-loosening, fertilizing and soil-preparing mechanism 2 comprises a deep-loosening shovel 21, a base fertilizer box 22, a base fertilizer applying pipe 23, a deep-loosening auger 24 and a shaping device 25, wherein the base fertilizer box 22 is arranged on the frame 1, the base fertilizer applying pipe 23 is arranged at the working rear end of the deep-loosening shovel 21, the deep-loosening auger 24 is arranged on the frame 1 and is positioned at the working rear end of the base fertilizer applying pipe 23, a hydraulic motor is connected on the top of the deep scarification device and drives the deep scarification device to rotate to mix the base fertilizer with the base fertilizer, a shaping device 25 is arranged at the working rear end of the deep scarification auger 24, as shown in fig. 7-9, the shaper 25 is arranged corresponding to the sowing groove of the sowing mechanism, and a trapezoidal pressing plate structure is formed by a top pressing plate 251 and two side pressing plates 252, the top pressure plate 251 of the trapezoidal pressure plate structure is connected with a plug rod 253, and is plugged on the frame 1 through the plug rod 253, a compression spring 254 is arranged on the inserting rod 253 between the frame 1 and the top pressure plate 251; the tail ends of the two side pressing plates 252 are provided with arc-shaped bending edges 255. Ensures that the soil can be profiled along the ground in the operation process, and presses the soil to form a trapezoidal ridge under the action of elasticity, thereby improving the soil compactness, preserving the soil moisture and being beneficial to seed germination.
Two cleaning plates 256 which are symmetrically inclined are arranged at the front working end of the top pressure plate 251, and form a triangular structure with two ends of the top pressure plate 251. The cleaning plate 256 is an arc-shaped plate, the concave surface end is positioned at the outer side, and the convex surface end corresponds to the top plate side, so that sundries such as weeds, straws and stones on the surface layer of soil can be cleaned conveniently, and the sundries can be pushed to the positions of the ditches at the two sides of the sowing.
As shown in fig. 10, the pressing mechanism 6 is a pressing roller with a trapezoidal groove 61, the trapezoidal groove 61 is matched with the trapezoidal pressing plate structure of the land preparation mechanism, and the height H of the trapezoidal groove 61 is smaller than the height H of the trapezoidal pressing plate of the land preparation mechanism.
The subsoiling shovel 21, the base fertilizer box 22, the base fertilizer application pipe 23 and the subsoiling auger 24 are all conventional mechanisms, and are not described again.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the tractor drives the machine frame to move integrally, the land wheel 7 drives the deep-loosening, fertilizing and soil-preparing mechanism 2, the seed-fertilizer and fertilizer applying mechanism 3 and the sowing mechanism 4 to work respectively, firstly, the deep-loosening, fertilizing and soil-preparing mechanism 2 performs deep loosening and fertilizer application on field stubbles, and then the fertilizer is uniformly mixed in a soil deep layer through the spiral deep-loosening auger 24 so as to supply follow-up nutrients; then, the soil after deep scarification is shaped by the shaper, and meanwhile, sundries on ridge platforms to be cultivated are cleaned, so that the effect of preserving soil moisture is achieved. Then, a seed ditch is formed by a seeder furrowing blade 47, seed fertilizers are discharged to the bottom of the seed ditch, seeds are discharged out of the seed ditch at least filled with soil, and the distance between a seed fertilizer discharging port and a seed discharging port is one time of the plant distance plus or minus 5-8mm, so that the seeds and the fertilizers are sowed in the seed ditches at different heights and different positions, and therefore, the seedling burning caused by too close fertilizer amount can be prevented, sufficient nutrients can be supplied to the seeds, and the germination of the seeds is facilitated. And then, earthing and compacting operation is carried out. Because the compacting mechanism 6 adopts the compacting roller that has trapezoidal recess 61, trapezoidal recess 61 cooperatees with the trapezoidal clamp plate structure of soil preparation mechanism, and is effectual to the compacting after the seeding, not only does benefit to the soil moisture conservation, also does benefit to later stage irrigation and maintenance simultaneously.
Each chain transmission of the invention consists of two chain wheels and a transmission chain, and the chain transmission is driven to rotate by a land wheel; the chain drives can also be connected to hydraulic motors of the tractor, and the tractor drives the mechanisms to work.
It should be understood that the detailed description of the present invention is only for illustrating the present invention and is not limited by the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can be modified or substituted equally to achieve the same technical effects; as long as the use requirements are met, the method is within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a maize no-tillage seeding and fertilizing machine which characterized in that: including the frame and set gradually the dark pine fertilization soil preparation mechanism in the frame, seed manure fertilizing mechanism, sowing mechanism, earthing mechanism and suppression mechanism, seed manure fertilizing mechanism and sowing mechanism are respectively through chain drive connection running wheel axle, and sowing mechanism ditching shovel work rear end is arranged in to seed manure fertilizer pipe, arranges fertilizer in seed ditch bottom, and the ditching shovel rear is arranged in to the seed metering pipe seed outlet of sowing mechanism, makes the different positions, the different degree of depth of seed ditch are arranged in to seed manure exhaust fertilizer and the seed of broadcasting.
2. The no-tillage seeding and fertilizing machine for corn as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the seed fertilizer applying mechanism comprises a seed fertilizer box arranged on the frame, a fertilizer discharger connected with the seed fertilizer box and a seed fertilizer and fertilizer discharging pipe, wherein the seed fertilizer box is filled with water and fertilizer, a fertilizer distributor is arranged corresponding to each sowing ditch, the fertilizer distributor comprises a fertilizer containing cavity, a piston rod, a return spring, a cam and two spring baffles, the fertilizer containing cavity is connected with a seed fertilizer box through a connecting pipe, the connecting pipe is provided with a one-way valve I to ensure that the water and fertilizer in the seed and fertilizer box flows into the fertilizer containing cavity in one way, the seed and fertilizer discharging pipe is connected with the outlet of the fertilizer containing cavity, a one-way valve II is arranged on the seed manure and fertilizer discharging pipe close to the outlet to ensure that the liquid manure flows out of the fertilizer containing cavity in one way, one end of the piston rod is arranged in the fertilizer containing cavity, the other end of the piston rod extends out of the fertilizer containing cavity and is contacted with a cam connected on a cam shaft of the frame, two spring baffles sleeved on the piston rod are respectively arranged at the top of the frame and the top of the fertilizer containing cavity, and a return spring is sleeved on the piston rod between the two spring baffles.
3. The no-tillage seeding and fertilizing machine for corn as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: still be provided with broken part and stirring part in the seed manure incasement, broken part and stirring part are all installed in the seed manure incasement to the stirring part is located broken part's below, broken part includes two crushing rollers, two meshing gear and driving chain IV, two the crushing roller interval is installed in the seed manure incasement, two meshing gear installs the one end at two broken roller shafts respectively, and one of them broken roller shaft is through IV connection land wheel of chain drive, stirs the part and is the impeller, and the impeller shaft passes through V connection another broken roller shaft of chain drive, still is equipped with the oblique baffle of two symmetries between crushing roller and impeller.
4. The no-tillage seeding and fertilizing machine for corn as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the seeding mechanism comprises a seed box, a seed metering device arranged in the seed box, a seed containing plate connected with a seed outlet of the seed box and a ditching shovel connected to the rack, wherein the seed outlet of the seed containing plate corresponds to a seed ditch; the seed metering device comprises a rotating shaft and a plurality of rotating arms, wherein a seed outlet communicated with a seed containing disc is formed in the bottom of the seed box, the rotating shaft is installed in the seed box, one end of the rotating shaft extends out of the seed box, the rotating shaft is connected with a land wheel through a chain transmission II, the rotating arms are fixed on the rotating shaft along the circumference in the seed box, and the end part of each rotating arm is provided with an arc-shaped plugging block matched with the seed outlet.
5. The no-tillage seeding and fertilizing machine for corn as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the seed containing disc comprises a driven shaft and a plurality of partition plates, the seed containing disc is of a hollow structure and is communicated with the seed box outlet, the driven shaft is rotatably installed on the seed containing disc, one end of the driven shaft extends out of the seed containing disc and is connected with the seed box rotating shaft through a chain transmission III, the partition plates are fixed on the driven shaft along the circumference of the driven shaft, a temporary storage cavity for accommodating seeds is formed between every two adjacent partition plates, and the bottom of the seed containing disc is provided with a seed discharging opening communicated with the interior of the seed containing disc and is connected with a seed discharging pipe.
6. The no-tillage seeding and fertilizing machine for corn as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the deep-loosening, fertilizing and soil-preparing mechanism comprises a deep-loosening shovel, a base fertilizer applying pipe, a base fertilizer box, a deep-loosening auger and a shaping device, wherein the base fertilizer box is arranged on the rack, the base fertilizer applying pipe is arranged at the working rear end of the deep-loosening shovel, the deep-loosening auger is arranged on the rack and is positioned at the working rear end of the base fertilizer applying pipe for deep-loosening and base fertilizer mixing, the shaping device is arranged at the working rear end of the deep-loosening auger and corresponds to a sowing ditch of the sowing mechanism, a trapezoidal pressing plate structure is formed by a top pressing plate and two side pressing plates, a top plate of the trapezoidal pressing plate structure is connected with an inserting rod, the inserting rod is inserted into the rack through the inserting rod, and a pressing spring is arranged on the inserting rod between the rack and the top plate; the tail ends of the two side pressing plates are provided with arc-shaped bending edges.
7. The no-tillage seeding and fertilizing machine for corn as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the working front end of the top plate is provided with two cleaning plates which are symmetrically inclined, and a triangular structure is formed between the two cleaning plates and the two ends of the top pressing plate.
8. The no-tillage seeding and fertilizing machine for corn as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the cleaning plate is an arc-shaped plate, the concave surface end is positioned on the outer side, and the convex surface end corresponds to the top plate side.
9. The no-tillage seeding and fertilizing machine for corn as claimed in claim 1 or the machine is characterized in that: the compacting mechanism is the compacting roller that has trapezoidal recess, trapezoidal recess cooperatees with the trapezoidal clamp plate structure of soil preparation mechanism, and its height H is less than the height H of trapezoidal clamp plate structure.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110424936.7A CN113207332A (en) | 2021-04-20 | 2021-04-20 | No-tillage seeding and fertilizing machine for corn |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110424936.7A CN113207332A (en) | 2021-04-20 | 2021-04-20 | No-tillage seeding and fertilizing machine for corn |
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| CN202110424936.7A Pending CN113207332A (en) | 2021-04-20 | 2021-04-20 | No-tillage seeding and fertilizing machine for corn |
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| CN115413436A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-12-02 | 盐城市苏垦农机具有限公司 | Adjustable seeder of set seeding direct seeding integration polytypic |
| CN117099538A (en) * | 2023-10-23 | 2023-11-24 | 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Vegetable breeding seeder |
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| CN115413436A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-12-02 | 盐城市苏垦农机具有限公司 | Adjustable seeder of set seeding direct seeding integration polytypic |
| CN115413436B (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2024-07-12 | 盐城市苏垦农机具有限公司 | Multi-style adjustable seeder integrating interplanting and direct seeding |
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