CN211509750U - Soil preparation seeding all-in-one - Google Patents
Soil preparation seeding all-in-one Download PDFInfo
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- CN211509750U CN211509750U CN201922330949.9U CN201922330949U CN211509750U CN 211509750 U CN211509750 U CN 211509750U CN 201922330949 U CN201922330949 U CN 201922330949U CN 211509750 U CN211509750 U CN 211509750U
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种整地播种一体机,包括设置在拖拉机后方的动力耙、施肥装置以及播种机;所述动力耙包括用于传递拖拉机动力的减速箱、设置在所述减速箱输出轴上竖向设置的若干耙刀以及设置在所述耙刀后方的碎土辊;所述施肥装置包括设置在所述动力耙上方的肥箱、竖向设置在所述耙刀前方的若干开沟播种器以及用于连通肥箱和开沟播种器的排肥管;所述播种机设置在所述施肥装置后方,通过两个方梁与所述动力耙可拆卸连接;所属播种机包括镇压辊、设置在所述镇压辊上方的种箱以及排种器。
The utility model discloses an integrated machine for soil preparation and seeding, which comprises a power harrow, a fertilization device and a seeder arranged at the rear of the tractor; the power harrow comprises a reduction box for transmitting the power of the tractor, which is arranged on the output shaft of the reduction box Several raking knives arranged vertically and soil crushing rollers arranged behind the raking knives; the fertilization device comprises a fertilizer box arranged above the power rake, and a number of ditching and sowing vertically arranged in front of the raking knives and a fertilizer discharge pipe for connecting the fertilizer box and the ditching seeder; the seeder is arranged behind the fertilization device, and is detachably connected to the power harrow through two square beams; the seeder includes a pressing roller, A seed box and a seed meter are arranged above the pressing roller.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型属于农业机械领域,涉及一种用于地下深根类农作物收获机,特别涉及一种整地播种一体机。The utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, relates to a harvester for underground deep-rooted crops, in particular to an integrated machine for soil preparation and seeding.
背景技术Background technique
随着耕整地机械化的不断发展,其中旋耕机近年来得到了极大推广,在各项技术逐渐走向成熟的现在,如何提高生产效率、节省机具消耗是耕整地机械的关键问题之一。With the continuous development of land preparation mechanization, rotary tillers have been greatly promoted in recent years. Now that various technologies are gradually becoming mature, how to improve production efficiency and save equipment consumption is one of the key issues of land preparation machinery.
目前,卧式旋耕机在耕整地作业环节中占据主导地位,然而却有着许多不可避免的缺陷,其中最主要的就是在长期旋耕作业下,旋耕刀对土壤进行挤压,从而形成一层难以突破的犁底层,犁底层会减少作物根系生长空间,降低土壤蓄水保墒能力。采取立式旋耕作业,将大大避免犁底层的出现,而且相比较传统的卧式旋耕,立式旋耕还具有碎土能力强、耕作深度深、实现免耕等优点。At present, the horizontal rotary tiller occupies a dominant position in the field of ploughing, but it has many inevitable defects. The plow bottom layer is difficult to break through. The plow bottom layer will reduce the growth space of the crop root system and reduce the soil water storage and moisture retention capacity. The vertical rotary tillage operation will greatly avoid the appearance of the bottom of the plow, and compared with the traditional horizontal rotary tillage, the vertical rotary tillage also has the advantages of strong soil crushing ability, deep tillage depth, and no-tillage.
当前农业机械化形势下,在进行作业时难免会出现多种农机联合作业的情况,农机大多进行独立作业,所以每当完成一项农艺要求,需要更换另一台农机进行下一步作业,其中难免造成时间与人力的损失;其次,每一轮农机作业,拖拉机都需要对农田土壤进行压实,往复几次容易造成土壤紧实,减少土壤透气性与吸水性。因此,使多种农机联合集成作业十分必要,能够有效增加作业效率,减少机械对环境的影响。Under the current situation of agricultural mechanization, it is inevitable that a variety of agricultural machinery will work together during operations. Most of the agricultural machinery operates independently. Therefore, whenever an agronomic requirement is completed, another agricultural machinery needs to be replaced for the next operation. The loss of time and manpower; secondly, each round of agricultural machinery operations, the tractor needs to compact the farmland soil, and the reciprocation several times will easily cause the soil to be compacted and reduce the soil permeability and water absorption. Therefore, it is very necessary to make a variety of agricultural machinery combined and integrated operation, which can effectively increase the operation efficiency and reduce the impact of machinery on the environment.
对于施肥作业,一般有撒播、沟播与穴播三种方式,撒播作业肥料用量大,只能将肥料撒在土表,在作物种子发育过程中对肥料的吸收造成阻碍。传统作业方式中的施肥播种一体作业,也存在肥料播撒不匀的缺点。For fertilization operations, there are generally three methods: sowing, furrow sowing and hole sowing. Sowing operations require a large amount of fertilizer, so the fertilizer can only be spread on the soil surface, which hinders the absorption of fertilizer during the development of crop seeds. The integrated operation of fertilization and sowing in the traditional operation method also has the disadvantage of uneven distribution of fertilizers.
实用新型内容Utility model content
为实现上述目的,本实用新型提供如下技术方案:一种整地播种一体机,包括设置在拖拉机后方的动力耙、施肥装置以及播种机;所述动力耙包括用于传递拖拉机动力的减速箱、设置在所述减速箱输出轴上竖向设置的若干耙刀以及设置在所述耙刀后方的碎土辊;所述施肥装置包括设置在所述动力耙上方的肥箱、竖向设置在所述耙刀前方的若干开沟播种器以及用于连通肥箱和开沟播种器的排肥管;所述播种机设置在所述施肥装置后方,通过两个方梁与所述动力耙可拆卸连接;所属播种机包括镇压辊、设置在所述镇压辊上方的种箱以及排种器。In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: an integrated machine for soil preparation and seeding, comprising a power harrow, a fertilization device and a seeder arranged behind the tractor; the power harrow includes a reduction box for transmitting the power of the tractor, a A plurality of raking knives arranged vertically on the output shaft of the reduction box and a soil crushing roller arranged behind the raking knives; the fertilization device comprises a fertilizer box arranged above the power rake, Several ditching planters in front of the rake and a fertilizer discharge pipe for connecting the fertilizer box and the ditching planter; the planter is arranged behind the fertilization device, and is detachably connected to the power rake through two square beams ; The planter includes a pressing roller, a seed box arranged above the pressing roller and a seed metering device.
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进:As a further improvement of the above technical solution:
优选的,所述减速箱包括将竖直转动变为水平转动的第一锥齿轮、第二锥齿轮、输入轴以及输出轴;所述输出轴通过齿轮带动耙刀进行立式旋耕作业。Preferably, the reduction box includes a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, an input shaft and an output shaft that convert vertical rotation into horizontal rotation; the output shaft drives the harrow to perform vertical rotary tillage operations through gears.
优选的,所述施肥装置还包括一排肥器,所述排肥器上设置有一小电机,所述小电机通过排肥管将肥箱中的肥料运送至开沟施肥器的下端进行施肥作业。Preferably, the fertilization device further includes a fertilizer discharger, and a small motor is arranged on the fertilizer discharger, and the small motor transports the fertilizer in the fertilizer box to the lower end of the ditching fertilizer applicator through the fertilizer discharge pipe for fertilization operation. .
优选的,所述方梁与播种机和动力耙连接位置上均固定设置有连接装置支撑架;所述连接装置支撑架通过销轴可拆卸连接在方梁上。Preferably, a connecting device support frame is fixed at the connection position between the square beam, the planter and the power harrow; the connecting device support frame is detachably connected to the square beam through a pin shaft.
优选的,所述两方梁间还设置有一螺纹连接杆,所述螺纹连接杆的两端分别通过销轴连接播种机和动力耙;通过松紧螺纹来调整螺纹连接杆的长度,进而调整播种机位置。Preferably, a threaded connecting rod is also provided between the two beams, and the two ends of the threaded connecting rod are respectively connected to the planter and the power harrow through pins; the length of the threaded connecting rod is adjusted by tightening the thread, and then the planter is adjusted. Location.
优选的,所述碎土辊与动力耙之间通过销轴连接,用于调整碎土辊工作高度。Preferably, the soil crushing roller and the power harrow are connected by a pin shaft, which is used to adjust the working height of the soil crushing roller.
优选的,所述开沟播种器后方还设置有一镇压辊。Preferably, a pressing roller is further provided behind the trenching seeder.
优选的,所述镇压辊的轴端连接有链轮,通过链传动给所述排种器提供动力,从而将种子通过一排种管输送至开沟播种器进行播种。Preferably, the shaft end of the pressing roller is connected with a sprocket, which provides power to the seed metering device through a chain drive, so that the seeds are transported to the trenching seeder for sowing through a seed rowing pipe.
与现有技术相比,本实用新型的有益效果是:Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are:
1、本实用新型的动力耙采用立式旋耕方式进行深耕,可有效避免传统卧式旋耕带来的犁底层现象,可以有效保护土壤结构,给作物生长提供适宜的环境,并可增加破茬效果,避免铲草现象的出现。1. The power harrow of the present utility model adopts the vertical rotary tillage method to carry out deep tillage, which can effectively avoid the plough bottom phenomenon caused by the traditional horizontal rotary tillage, can effectively protect the soil structure, provide a suitable environment for crop growth, and can increase the damage to the ground. Stubble effect, to avoid the phenomenon of shoveling.
2、本实用新型施肥整地播种一体化作业,可有效节省由于更换农机带来的时间与人力资源浪费,减少拖拉机与农机进入田间的次数,可避免农机更换过程中产生的水肥散失,保肥保墒,有效保持土壤松软。2. The integrated operation of fertilization, soil preparation and planting of the present invention can effectively save time and human resource waste caused by the replacement of agricultural machinery, reduce the number of tractors and agricultural machinery entering the field, avoid the loss of water and fertilizer generated during the replacement of agricultural machinery, and preserve fertilizer and moisture. , effectively keep the soil soft.
3、本实用新型将施肥与整地相结合,并可通过整地作业将肥料均匀搅拌入土壤当中,使肥料可以被充分吸收利用。3. The utility model combines fertilization and soil preparation, and can evenly stir the fertilizer into the soil through the soil preparation operation, so that the fertilizer can be fully absorbed and utilized.
4、本实用新型选择沟播式施肥方式可以使肥料渗入土壤而不是覆盖在表面,从而通过耙刀搅拌均匀,有利于被作物根系吸收,相比较撒播,沟播式更能够节省肥料,增加利用率。4. The utility model selects the furrow sowing fertilization method, which can make the fertilizer penetrate into the soil instead of covering the surface, so as to be evenly stirred by the rake, which is beneficial to be absorbed by the crop root system. Compared with the sowing, the furrow sowing can save fertilizer and increase the utilization rate. Rate.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型所提供整地播种一体机的立体图;1 is a perspective view of a soil preparation and seeding integrated machine provided by the utility model;
图2为本实用新型所提供整地播种一体机中动力耙与播种机连接部分的立体图;Fig. 2 is the perspective view of the connection part of the power harrow and the seeder in the integrated soil preparation and seeding machine provided by the utility model;
图3为本实用新型所提供整地播种一体机中螺纹连接杆的结构图;3 is a structural diagram of a threaded connecting rod in the integrated soil preparation and seeding machine provided by the utility model;
图4为本实用新型所提供整地播种一体机的侧视图;FIG. 4 is a side view of the soil preparation and seeding integrated machine provided by the utility model;
图5为本实用新型所提供整地播种一体机中动力耙的连接架和刮土板的主体图;Fig. 5 is the main body diagram of the connecting frame and moldboard of the power rake in the integrated soil preparation and seeding machine provided by the present invention;
图6为本实用新型所提供整地播种一体机中动力耙齿轮箱的剖视图;6 is a cross-sectional view of a power harrow gearbox in the integrated soil preparation and seeding machine provided by the present invention;
图7为本实用新型所提供整地播种一体机中减速箱的的剖视图;7 is a cross-sectional view of a reduction box in the integrated soil preparation and planting machine provided by the present invention;
图8为本实用新型所提供整地播种一体机中动力耙的主视图;Fig. 8 is the front view of the power harrow in the integrated soil preparation and seeding machine provided by the utility model;
图9为本实用新型所提供整地播种一体机中碎土辊的立体图;9 is a perspective view of a soil crushing roller in the integrated soil preparation and seeding machine provided by the utility model;
图10为本实用新型所提供整地播种一体机中动力耙与播种机连接部分的主视图。FIG. 10 is a front view of the connecting part of the power harrow and the seeder in the integrated soil preparation and seeding machine provided by the present invention.
1、肥箱;2、肥箱支撑架;3、开沟施肥器;4、耙刀;5、减速箱;6、连接装置支撑架;7、销轴;8、排肥管;9、碎土辊;10、链轮;11、开沟播种器;12、镇压辊;13、种箱;14、输入轴;15、第一锥齿轮;16、输出轴;17、第二锥齿轮;18、齿轮;19、排种器;20、排种管;21、螺纹连接杆;22、方梁;23、连接头;24、套筒;25、小电机;26、U型螺栓;27、碎土辊横梁;28、刮土铲;29、连接架;30、刮土板。1. Fertilizer box; 2. Fertilizer box support frame; 3. Ditching fertilizer applicator; 4. Rake knife; 5. Gear box; 6. Supporting frame of connecting device; 7. Pin shaft; 8. Fertilizer pipe; 9. Crushing Soil roller; 10, sprocket; 11, trenching seeder; 12, pressing roller; 13, seed box; 14, input shaft; 15, first bevel gear; 16, output shaft; 17, second bevel gear; 18 , gear; 19, seed metering device; 20, seed metering pipe; 21, threaded connecting rod; 22, square beam; 23, connecting head; 24, sleeve; 25, small motor; 26, U-bolt; 27, broken Soil roller beam; 28, mold scraper; 29, connecting frame; 30, mold board.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本实用新型实施例中的附图,对本实用新型实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本实用新型一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本实用新型中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本实用新型保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the implementations. example. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
请参考图1至10,所述的整地播种一体机工作流程如下,整个整地播种一体机通过动力耙连接架29连接到拖拉机后方,通过拖拉机提供动力和减速箱5减速与变向,带动耙刀4进行立式旋耕作业,肥箱1通过小电机25给予动力,将肥料通过排肥管8输入开沟施肥器3,直接送入土表以下的土壤当中,随着耙刀4工作,均匀搅拌进入田地。动力耙同时连接有碎土辊9,具有平地碎土的功效,并且可以调整动力耙作业深度,进行碎土平地作业后,能使播种机在平整土地上播种,避免由于土表凹凸不平而造成的播种深度不一,从而导致作物生长情况存在差异。动力耙后方连接播种机,在耕整地作业后立刻进行播种作业,避免更换农机过程中造成的人力与时间浪费以及土壤中的水肥流失。播种机镇压辊12轴端连接有链轮10,通过链传动给播种机的排种器19提供动力,从而将种子通过排种管20进入开沟播种器11进行播种,最后实现施肥整地播种一体化作业。Please refer to Figures 1 to 10. The working process of the integrated soil preparation and planting machine is as follows. The entire soil preparation and planting integrated machine is connected to the rear of the tractor through the power
由图5与图6可见,动力输入后,通过减速箱5内的第一锥齿轮15和第二锥齿轮17传动并变换转动方向,传递至动力耙齿轮箱内的多个齿轮18,所述的动力耙共有九个耙刀4,每一个耙刀4与一个齿轮18对应连接,通过齿轮18传动获得动力,由于是齿轮18传动,因此相邻耙刀4之间转动方向相反,因此不会出现耙刀4干涉现象,而且不会出现漏耕。It can be seen from Figure 5 and Figure 6 that after the power is input, it is transmitted through the
由图1所见,动力耙包括旋耕部分与碎土部分,碎土辊9与动力耙通过销轴7连接,销轴7固定碎土辊9,通过调整销轴7的固定位置来调整碎土辊9的高度,从而达到期望的碎土效果,碎土辊9后装有刮土铲28和碎土辊横梁27,用来去除粘附在辊上的沙土。As can be seen from Figure 1, the power harrow includes a rotary tillage part and a soil crushing part, the
由图7,肥箱1通过肥箱支撑架2连接到动力耙的齿轮箱上,开沟施肥器3通过U型螺栓26连接在动力耙前梁上,通过调整U型螺栓26松紧,可有效调整施肥器高度,从而调整施肥深度,肥箱1侧壁安置小电机25,通过螺栓连接固定,小电机25与排肥器之间通过链传动传递动力,从而完成排肥工作。From Figure 7, the
由图2,动力耙与播种机之间通过两根方梁22与一根螺纹连接杆21连接,连接方式均为铰接,三点悬挂有利于保证连接的稳定性与可靠性,铰接有利于避免应力集中,增加连接部分的使用寿命。螺纹连接杆21可通过松紧螺纹调整杆长,从而调整播种机的高度,可通过调整销轴7连接的位置调整播种机与动力耙之间的距离,已达到适宜的工作位置。From Figure 2, the power harrow and the planter are connected by two
由图1和图4,播种机动力来自于镇压辊12,通过镇压辊12滚动带动排种器19排种,通过排种管20进入开沟播种器11进行播种。开沟播种器11通过U型螺栓26连接在播种机横梁上,可通过松开U型螺栓26从而调整播种深度,适应不同地块,镇压辊12的轮轴轴端装有链轮10,与排种器19之间通过链传动完成排种作业,种子通过排种管20进入开沟播种期,从而完成播种作业。1 and 4 , the power of the seeder comes from the
图3为螺纹连接杆21,由两个连接头23和螺纹套筒24组成,套筒24为内螺纹,连接头23为外螺纹,通过旋紧和旋松螺纹来改变螺纹杆长度,进而调节播种机位置。Figure 3 shows the threaded connecting
图5为动力耙连接架29和刮土板30,连接架29前端轴孔用于和拖拉机连接,后端与刮土板30连接,通过销轴7可以调整刮土板30高低位置,以适应不同的整地要求,刮土板30可以将旋耕后的土壤整平,销轴7的作用为防止刮土板30角度倾斜过大。Fig. 5 shows the connecting
本实用新型具有的优点为:采用上述技术方案,使得整地播种一体机结构紧凑,能够使多项工作联合完成,连接方式大多采取螺栓连接和销轴连接,便于拆卸维修,也能提高机体自由度,在保证稳定可靠的前提下大大提高灵活性。本文所述的整地播种一体机不仅具有立式旋耕的优点,避免传统卧式旋耕的缺陷,还能充分利用立式旋耕的优势对施肥作业进行辅助。本机型施肥方式为沟播而不是撒播,有利于将肥料与土壤搅拌充分,有利于作物吸收,提高肥料利用率。在整地施肥后直接进行播种作业,有效减少时间与人力浪费,避免农机多次入田碾压土壤,有利于保持土壤透气性和蓄水保墒。通过整地可使地面平整,确保播种时播种深度统一,有效防止作物生长参差不齐。The utility model has the advantages that: by adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, the integrated soil preparation and planting machine has a compact structure, and multiple tasks can be jointly completed. , greatly improving flexibility under the premise of ensuring stability and reliability. The integrated soil preparation and seeding machine described in this paper not only has the advantages of vertical rotary tillage, but also avoids the defects of traditional horizontal rotary tillage, and can also make full use of the advantages of vertical rotary tillage to assist fertilization operations. The fertilization method of this model is furrow sowing instead of spreading, which is conducive to fully mixing fertilizer and soil, which is conducive to crop absorption and improves fertilizer utilization rate. Sowing operations directly after soil preparation and fertilization can effectively reduce waste of time and manpower, and avoid repeated entry of agricultural machinery into the field to crush the soil, which is conducive to maintaining soil permeability and water storage and moisture retention. Through soil preparation, the ground can be leveled, so as to ensure uniform sowing depth during sowing, and effectively prevent uneven growth of crops.
本文所述整地播种一体机结构紧凑稳定,操作简单,维修方便,土壤成型效果好,对土壤结构影响小,可以节省能源与人力消耗,能够给作物提供良好的生长环境。可以有效提高作业效率与作物产量,降低作业成本,对环境保护具有积极作用。The integrated soil preparation and seeding machine described in this paper is compact and stable in structure, simple in operation, convenient in maintenance, good in soil forming effect, has little impact on soil structure, can save energy and labor consumption, and can provide a good growth environment for crops. It can effectively improve operating efficiency and crop yield, reduce operating costs, and have a positive effect on environmental protection.
对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本实用新型不限于上述示范性实施例的细节,而且在不背离本实用新型的精神或基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现本实用新型。因此,无论从哪一点来看,均应将实施例看作是示范性的,而且是非限制性的,本实用新型的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定,因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本实用新型内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments are to be considered in all respects as exemplary and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is therefore intended that the All changes within the meaning and range of the required equivalents are embraced within the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims shall not be construed as limiting the involved claim.
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112655296A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-16 | 青岛理工大学 | Tillage and soil preparation homogenizing tillage machine |
CN114830859A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-08-02 | 哈工大机器人(合肥)国际创新研究院 | Compound drill seeder |
RU215894U1 (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2023-01-09 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Брянский государственный аграрный университет" | TILLING TOOL |
CN119325770A (en) * | 2024-12-20 | 2025-01-21 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | A manure strip application mechanism matched with a deep tiller |
-
2019
- 2019-12-23 CN CN201922330949.9U patent/CN211509750U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112655296A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-16 | 青岛理工大学 | Tillage and soil preparation homogenizing tillage machine |
CN114830859A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-08-02 | 哈工大机器人(合肥)国际创新研究院 | Compound drill seeder |
CN114830859B (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2023-11-28 | 哈工大机器人(合肥)国际创新研究院 | Duplex drill seeder |
RU215894U1 (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2023-01-09 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Брянский государственный аграрный университет" | TILLING TOOL |
CN119325770A (en) * | 2024-12-20 | 2025-01-21 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | A manure strip application mechanism matched with a deep tiller |
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