CN211509750U - Soil preparation seeding all-in-one - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an integrated machine for soil preparation and seeding, which comprises a power harrow, a fertilization device and a seeder arranged at the rear of the tractor; the power harrow comprises a reduction box for transmitting the power of the tractor, which is arranged on the output shaft of the reduction box Several raking knives arranged vertically and soil crushing rollers arranged behind the raking knives; the fertilization device comprises a fertilizer box arranged above the power rake, and a number of ditching and sowing vertically arranged in front of the raking knives and a fertilizer discharge pipe for connecting the fertilizer box and the ditching seeder; the seeder is arranged behind the fertilization device, and is detachably connected to the power harrow through two square beams; the seeder includes a pressing roller, A seed box and a seed meter are arranged above the pressing roller.

Description

An all-in-one machine for soil preparation and seeding

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, relates to a harvester for underground deep-rooted crops, in particular to an integrated machine for soil preparation and seeding.

Background technique

With the continuous development of land preparation mechanization, rotary tillers have been greatly promoted in recent years. Now that various technologies are gradually becoming mature, how to improve production efficiency and save equipment consumption is one of the key issues of land preparation machinery.

At present, the horizontal rotary tiller occupies a dominant position in the field of ploughing, but it has many inevitable defects. The plow bottom layer is difficult to break through. The plow bottom layer will reduce the growth space of the crop root system and reduce the soil water storage and moisture retention capacity. The vertical rotary tillage operation will greatly avoid the appearance of the bottom of the plow, and compared with the traditional horizontal rotary tillage, the vertical rotary tillage also has the advantages of strong soil crushing ability, deep tillage depth, and no-tillage.

Under the current situation of agricultural mechanization, it is inevitable that a variety of agricultural machinery will work together during operations. Most of the agricultural machinery operates independently. Therefore, whenever an agronomic requirement is completed, another agricultural machinery needs to be replaced for the next operation. The loss of time and manpower; secondly, each round of agricultural machinery operations, the tractor needs to compact the farmland soil, and the reciprocation several times will easily cause the soil to be compacted and reduce the soil permeability and water absorption. Therefore, it is very necessary to make a variety of agricultural machinery combined and integrated operation, which can effectively increase the operation efficiency and reduce the impact of machinery on the environment.

For fertilization operations, there are generally three methods: sowing, furrow sowing and hole sowing. Sowing operations require a large amount of fertilizer, so the fertilizer can only be spread on the soil surface, which hinders the absorption of fertilizer during the development of crop seeds. The integrated operation of fertilization and sowing in the traditional operation method also has the disadvantage of uneven distribution of fertilizers.

Utility model content

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: an integrated machine for soil preparation and seeding, comprising a power harrow, a fertilization device and a seeder arranged behind the tractor; the power harrow includes a reduction box for transmitting the power of the tractor, a A plurality of raking knives arranged vertically on the output shaft of the reduction box and a soil crushing roller arranged behind the raking knives; the fertilization device comprises a fertilizer box arranged above the power rake, Several ditching planters in front of the rake and a fertilizer discharge pipe for connecting the fertilizer box and the ditching planter; the planter is arranged behind the fertilization device, and is detachably connected to the power rake through two square beams ; The planter includes a pressing roller, a seed box arranged above the pressing roller and a seed metering device.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

Preferably, the reduction box includes a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, an input shaft and an output shaft that convert vertical rotation into horizontal rotation; the output shaft drives the harrow to perform vertical rotary tillage operations through gears.

Preferably, the fertilization device further includes a fertilizer discharger, and a small motor is arranged on the fertilizer discharger, and the small motor transports the fertilizer in the fertilizer box to the lower end of the ditching fertilizer applicator through the fertilizer discharge pipe for fertilization operation. .

Preferably, a connecting device support frame is fixed at the connection position between the square beam, the planter and the power harrow; the connecting device support frame is detachably connected to the square beam through a pin shaft.

Preferably, a threaded connecting rod is also provided between the two beams, and the two ends of the threaded connecting rod are respectively connected to the planter and the power harrow through pins; the length of the threaded connecting rod is adjusted by tightening the thread, and then the planter is adjusted. Location.

Preferably, the soil crushing roller and the power harrow are connected by a pin shaft, which is used to adjust the working height of the soil crushing roller.

Preferably, a pressing roller is further provided behind the trenching seeder.

Preferably, the shaft end of the pressing roller is connected with a sprocket, which provides power to the seed metering device through a chain drive, so that the seeds are transported to the trenching seeder for sowing through a seed rowing pipe.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are:

1. The power harrow of the present utility model adopts the vertical rotary tillage method to carry out deep tillage, which can effectively avoid the plough bottom phenomenon caused by the traditional horizontal rotary tillage, can effectively protect the soil structure, provide a suitable environment for crop growth, and can increase the damage to the ground. Stubble effect, to avoid the phenomenon of shoveling.

2. The integrated operation of fertilization, soil preparation and planting of the present invention can effectively save time and human resource waste caused by the replacement of agricultural machinery, reduce the number of tractors and agricultural machinery entering the field, avoid the loss of water and fertilizer generated during the replacement of agricultural machinery, and preserve fertilizer and moisture. , effectively keep the soil soft.

3. The utility model combines fertilization and soil preparation, and can evenly stir the fertilizer into the soil through the soil preparation operation, so that the fertilizer can be fully absorbed and utilized.

4. The utility model selects the furrow sowing fertilization method, which can make the fertilizer penetrate into the soil instead of covering the surface, so as to be evenly stirred by the rake, which is beneficial to be absorbed by the crop root system. Compared with the sowing, the furrow sowing can save fertilizer and increase the utilization rate. Rate.

Description of drawings

1 is a perspective view of a soil preparation and seeding integrated machine provided by the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the perspective view of the connection part of the power harrow and the seeder in the integrated soil preparation and seeding machine provided by the utility model;

3 is a structural diagram of a threaded connecting rod in the integrated soil preparation and seeding machine provided by the utility model;

FIG. 4 is a side view of the soil preparation and seeding integrated machine provided by the utility model;

Fig. 5 is the main body diagram of the connecting frame and moldboard of the power rake in the integrated soil preparation and seeding machine provided by the present invention;

6 is a cross-sectional view of a power harrow gearbox in the integrated soil preparation and seeding machine provided by the present invention;

7 is a cross-sectional view of a reduction box in the integrated soil preparation and planting machine provided by the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the front view of the power harrow in the integrated soil preparation and seeding machine provided by the utility model;

9 is a perspective view of a soil crushing roller in the integrated soil preparation and seeding machine provided by the utility model;

FIG. 10 is a front view of the connecting part of the power harrow and the seeder in the integrated soil preparation and seeding machine provided by the present invention.

1. Fertilizer box; 2. Fertilizer box support frame; 3. Ditching fertilizer applicator; 4. Rake knife; 5. Gear box; 6. Supporting frame of connecting device; 7. Pin shaft; 8. Fertilizer pipe; 9. Crushing Soil roller; 10, sprocket; 11, trenching seeder; 12, pressing roller; 13, seed box; 14, input shaft; 15, first bevel gear; 16, output shaft; 17, second bevel gear; 18 , gear; 19, seed metering device; 20, seed metering pipe; 21, threaded connecting rod; 22, square beam; 23, connecting head; 24, sleeve; 25, small motor; 26, U-bolt; 27, broken Soil roller beam; 28, mold scraper; 29, connecting frame; 30, mold board.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the implementations. example. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Please refer to Figures 1 to 10. The working process of the integrated soil preparation and planting machine is as follows. The entire soil preparation and planting integrated machine is connected to the rear of the tractor through the power rake connecting frame 29, and the tractor provides power and the reduction box 5 to decelerate and change the direction to drive the rake blade. 4. Vertical rotary tillage is carried out. The fertilizer box 1 is powered by a small motor 25, and the fertilizer is input into the ditching fertilizer applicator 3 through the fertilizer discharge pipe 8, and is directly sent into the soil below the soil surface. Stir into the field. The power harrow is connected with the crushing roller 9 at the same time, which has the effect of leveling and crushing the soil, and can adjust the working depth of the power harrow. The depth of sowing varies, resulting in differences in crop growth. The rear of the power harrow is connected to the planter, and the planting operation is carried out immediately after the ploughing operation, so as to avoid the waste of manpower and time and the loss of water and fertilizer in the soil caused by the replacement of the agricultural machine. The shaft end of the pressing roller 12 of the seeder is connected with a sprocket 10, which provides power to the seed meter 19 of the seeder through the chain drive, so that the seeds enter the trenching seeder 11 through the seed metering pipe 20 for sowing, and finally realize the integration of fertilization and soil preparation. chemical work.

It can be seen from Figure 5 and Figure 6 that after the power is input, it is transmitted through the first bevel gear 15 and the second bevel gear 17 in the reduction box 5 and changes the direction of rotation, and is transmitted to a plurality of gears 18 in the power rake gear box. The power rake has a total of nine rake knives 4, each rake blade 4 is correspondingly connected with a gear 18, and the power is obtained through the gear 18 transmission. The interference phenomenon of the rake blade 4 occurs, and there will be no missed tillage.

As can be seen from Figure 1, the power harrow includes a rotary tillage part and a soil crushing part, the soil crushing roller 9 and the power harrow are connected by a pin 7, the pin 7 fixes the soil crushing roller 9, and the crushing roller 9 is adjusted by adjusting the fixed position of the pin 7. The height of the soil roller 9 can achieve the desired soil breaking effect. The soil scraping roller 9 is equipped with a scraper 28 and a soil breaking roller beam 27 to remove the sand and soil adhering to the roller.

From Figure 7, the fertilizer box 1 is connected to the gear box of the power harrow through the fertilizer box support frame 2, and the ditching fertilizer applicator 3 is connected to the front beam of the power harrow through the U-shaped bolt 26. Adjust the height of the fertilizer applicator to adjust the depth of fertilizer application. A small motor 25 is installed on the side wall of the fertilizer box 1, which is fixed by bolts.

From Figure 2, the power harrow and the planter are connected by two square beams 22 and a threaded connecting rod 21. The connection methods are hinged. The three-point suspension is beneficial to ensure the stability and reliability of the connection, and the hinged connection is beneficial to avoid Stress concentration increases the service life of the connecting part. The threaded connecting rod 21 can adjust the length of the rod by tightening the thread, so as to adjust the height of the seeder, and the distance between the seeder and the power harrow can be adjusted by adjusting the position where the pin shaft 7 is connected, and has reached a suitable working position.

1 and 4 , the power of the seeder comes from the pressing roller 12 , the rolling of the pressing roller 12 drives the seed metering device 19 for seeding, and enters the ditching seeder 11 through the seeding pipe 20 for seeding. The ditching planter 11 is connected to the beam of the planter through U-shaped bolts 26, and the seeding depth can be adjusted by loosening the U-shaped bolts 26 to adapt to different fields. The seeding operation is completed through the chain transmission between the seeders 19, and the seeds enter the trenching and sowing period through the seeding pipe 20, so as to complete the sowing operation.

Figure 3 shows the threaded connecting rod 21, which consists of two connecting heads 23 and a threaded sleeve 24. The sleeve 24 is an internal thread, and the connecting head 23 is an external thread. The length of the threaded rod is changed by tightening and loosening the thread, and then adjust the Planter location.

Fig. 5 shows the connecting frame 29 of the power rake and the moldboard 30. The shaft hole at the front end of the connecting frame 29 is used to connect with the tractor, and the rear end is connected with the moldboard 30. The height of the moldboard 30 can be adjusted through the pin 7 to suit the According to different requirements for soil preparation, the moldboard 30 can level the soil after rotary tillage, and the function of the pin 7 is to prevent the moldboard 30 from being inclined too much.

The utility model has the advantages that: by adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, the integrated soil preparation and planting machine has a compact structure, and multiple tasks can be jointly completed. , greatly improving flexibility under the premise of ensuring stability and reliability. The integrated soil preparation and seeding machine described in this paper not only has the advantages of vertical rotary tillage, but also avoids the defects of traditional horizontal rotary tillage, and can also make full use of the advantages of vertical rotary tillage to assist fertilization operations. The fertilization method of this model is furrow sowing instead of spreading, which is conducive to fully mixing fertilizer and soil, which is conducive to crop absorption and improves fertilizer utilization rate. Sowing operations directly after soil preparation and fertilization can effectively reduce waste of time and manpower, and avoid repeated entry of agricultural machinery into the field to crush the soil, which is conducive to maintaining soil permeability and water storage and moisture retention. Through soil preparation, the ground can be leveled, so as to ensure uniform sowing depth during sowing, and effectively prevent uneven growth of crops.

The integrated soil preparation and seeding machine described in this paper is compact and stable in structure, simple in operation, convenient in maintenance, good in soil forming effect, has little impact on soil structure, can save energy and labor consumption, and can provide a good growth environment for crops. It can effectively improve operating efficiency and crop yield, reduce operating costs, and have a positive effect on environmental protection.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments are to be considered in all respects as exemplary and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is therefore intended that the All changes within the meaning and range of the required equivalents are embraced within the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims shall not be construed as limiting the involved claim.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a soil preparation seeding all-in-one which characterized in that: comprises a power harrow, a fertilizing device and a seeder which are arranged at the rear part of a tractor; the power harrow comprises a reduction gearbox (5) for transmitting power of a tractor, a plurality of harrow cutters (4) vertically arranged on an output shaft (16) of the reduction gearbox (5) and a soil crushing roller (9) arranged behind the harrow cutters (4); the fertilizer applying device comprises a fertilizer box (1) arranged above the power harrow, a plurality of ditching and seeding devices (11) vertically arranged in front of the harrow cutter (4) and a fertilizer discharging pipe (8) used for communicating the fertilizer box (1) with the ditching and seeding devices (11); the seeder is arranged behind the fertilizing device and is detachably connected with the power harrow through two square beams (22); the seeder comprises a press roller (12), a seed box (13) arranged above the press roller (12) and a seed sowing device (19).

2. The all-in-one: the reduction gearbox (5) comprises a first bevel gear (15) for changing vertical rotation into horizontal rotation, a second bevel gear (17), an input shaft (14) and an output shaft (16); the output shaft (16) drives the harrow knife (4) to carry out vertical rotary tillage operation through a gear (18).

3. The all-in-one: the fertilizer applying device further comprises a fertilizer distributor, wherein a small motor (25) is arranged on the fertilizer distributor, and the small motor (25) conveys the fertilizer in the fertilizer box (1) to the lower end of the ditching fertilizer distributor (3) through a fertilizer distributing pipe (8) to perform fertilizer applying operation.

4. The all-in-one: the connecting device supporting frames (6) are fixedly arranged at the connecting positions of the square beam (22) and the seeder and the power harrow; the connecting device support frame (6) is detachably connected to the square beam (22) through a pin shaft (7).

5. The all-in-one: a threaded connecting rod (21) is further arranged between the two square beams (22), and two ends of the threaded connecting rod (21) are respectively connected with the seeder and the power harrow through a pin shaft (7); the length of the threaded connecting rod (21) is adjusted by tightening and loosening the threads, so that the position of the seeder is adjusted.

6. The soil preparation and sowing all-in-one machine according to claim 1 or 5, wherein: the soil crushing roller (9) is connected with the power harrow through a pin shaft (7) and used for adjusting the working height of the soil crushing roller (9).

7. The all-in-one: a press roller (12) is arranged behind the ditching seeder (11).

8. The all-in-one: the shaft end of the press roller (12) is connected with a chain wheel (10), and the chain drives the seed metering device (19) to provide power, so that seeds are conveyed to the ditching and seeding device (11) through a seed discharging pipe (20) to be seeded.

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