CN209449187U - Corn synchronous lateral deep fertilization no-tillage seeder - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a corn synchronous lateral deep fertilization no-tillage seeder, which belongs to the technical field of seeders. The corn synchronous lateral deep fertilization no-tillage seeder comprises: several fertilization and seeding units, a frame, and a three-point suspension device and a U-shaped bolt group; several fertilizing and seeding units 1 are respectively fixed on the rear end of the frame through the U-shaped bolt group, and the corn synchronous lateral deep fertilization and no-tillage planter is fixed on the rear of the tractor through a three-point suspension device. The no-tillage corn synchronous lateral deep fertilization planter is small in size, light in weight, simple in transmission, and requires small traction force. It can realize the deep fertilization operation in the lateral hole of the seed, reduce the amount of ditching, avoid the movement of the soil, and store water. Moisture conservation and anti-blocking function, while improving the sowing accuracy of the seed meter, increasing the single-grain rate, and reducing damage to seeds.

Description

Corn synchronous lateral deep fertilization no-tillage seeder

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of seeders, in particular to a no-tillage seeder for synchronous lateral deep fertilization of corn.

Background technique

Under the conservation tillage mode, no-tillage and less-tillage are implemented on the farmland, soil tillage is reduced as much as possible, and a large amount of straw residues are used to cover the surface, thereby reducing wind erosion and water erosion, and improving soil fertility and drought resistance. Compared with Europe and the United States and other countries, my country's corn planting is mostly wheat-corn rotation, and the soil fertility does not have enough time to recover. In order to supply the nutrients needed for crop growth, the amount of chemical fertilizers is large, resulting in soil acidification and compaction, which in turn affects fertility. Absorption, resulting in a reduction in production. At present, there are still the following problems in my country's corn no-tillage fertilization planter:

(1) Corn no-tillage fertilization seeder mainly adopts the strip-shaped positive fertilization scheme. The strip-shaped fertilization uses a large amount of chemical fertilizers, and the distance between corn plants is large. The chemical fertilizers between two adjacent plants cannot be effectively used, resulting in soil compaction and pollution. Environment: Positive fertilization is not conducive to the spread and growth of the root system to the surroundings, the root system grabs the soil in a small range, and the plants are prone to lodging, and it improves fertilizer efficiency, reduces costs, and increases production

(2) Most of the common no-tillage and fertilizing planters on the market use ditch openers to open ditch and fertilize. The fertilization ditch openers have a large amount of soil movement, disturb the soil layer, and cause a lot of soil water loss, which cannot achieve the effect of water storage and moisture conservation; Due to the large amount of straw covering on cultivated land, it is easy to cause congestion and hanging grass when the opener is working, which affects the quality of ditching and sowing.

(3) At present, there are two types of precision corn metering devices: mechanical and pneumatic. The mechanical seed metering device has a low single-seed rate and a high seed damage rate; the pneumatic seed metering device has a complex structure and is expensive, and its sowing performance is affected by air pressure. larger.

The lateral deep application of chemical fertilizer is to apply the fertilizer under the side of the seed. Compared with the vertical deep application, it can avoid direct contact with the seed, and form a certain thickness (generally more than 5 cm) of soil isolation layer between the seed and the fertilizer. The growth of crops at the seedling stage requires nutrients, and avoids the phenomenon of burning seeds and seedlings caused by mixing fertilizers and seeds. Deep side application of chemical fertilizer can improve fertilizer utilization rate, save fertilizer and increase production, and reduce cost.

Therefore, in order to better implement conservation tillage, reduce soil tillage, improve anti-blocking performance, reduce the amount of chemical fertilizers, improve utilization rate, and improve the sowing accuracy of the seed metering device, research a kind of suitable for my country's national conditions that can realize sowing synchronization. The no-tillage planter with deep fertilization in the hole is of great significance.

Utility model content

In order to solve the above problems, the utility model proposes a synchronous lateral deep fertilization no-tillage planter for corn, which can realize the deep fertilization operation of the lateral hole of the seed, reduce the amount of ditching, avoid the movement of the soil, store water and preserve moisture, and has the advantages of Anti-blocking function, while improving the seeding accuracy of the seed meter, increasing the single-grain rate, and reducing damage to seeds.

For achieving above object, the technical scheme that the utility model takes is:

A corn synchronous lateral deep fertilization no-tillage seeder, comprising: several fertilization and seeding units 1, a frame 2, a three-point suspension device 4 and a U-shaped bolt group 3;

Several fertilizing and sowing units 1 are fixed to the rear end of the frame 2 through U-shaped bolt groups 3 respectively, and the corn synchronous lateral deep fertilization and no-tillage planter is fixed to the rear of the tractor through a three-point suspension device 4 . The no-tillage planter for synchronous lateral deep fertilization of corn has small volume, light weight, simple transmission and small required traction force.

The fertilization and sowing unit 1 includes a seed box 6, two fertilizer boxes 5, two fertilizer discharge devices 7, a seed discharge device 8, a shaft transmission mechanism 9, a ground wheel 10, a ground wheel profiling rod 11, a double disc opening Ditcher 12, "L" type ditching shovel 13, single frame 14, single four-bar profiling device 15 and drive shaft 16; 6. The fertilizer box 5 is fixedly connected above the single frame 14, the seed metering device 8 and the two fertilizer discharge devices 7 are correspondingly fixedly connected under the seed box 6 and the two fertilizer boxes 5, and the double disc opener 12 and the two Symmetrically arranged "L" type ditching shovel 13 (i.e. left subsoiling shovel 35 and right subsoiling shovel 36) is correspondingly fixedly connected below the seeding device 8 and two fertilizer discharge devices 7, the seeding device 8 and the two rows The middle part of the fertilizer device 7 is equipped with a drive shaft 16, and the two ends of the drive shaft 16 are installed on both sides of the two fertilizer boxes 5, and one end of the single four-bar profiling device 15 is affixed to the frame 2 through the U-shaped bolt group 3, and the single The other end of the body four-bar profiling device 15 is fixedly connected to the front of the single frame 14 and the seed box 6 and the fertilizer box 5. The ground wheel 10 middle part is provided with a ground wheel shaft, and the two ends of the ground wheel shaft are profiled by two ground wheels. The rod 11 is affixed to the drive shaft 16 of the fertilizer discharge device 7 and the seed arrangement 8, and the two ends of the shaft transmission mechanism 9 are respectively affixed to the ground wheel rotation shaft and the drive shaft 16. The seed-discharging device and the fertilizer-discharging device are driven by the same shaft, which is a one-stage transmission, and the sowing unit is more compact and smaller in size.

Further, the seed metering device 8 includes a seed metering disc 17, a housing 18, a soft wool strip 19, a seed protection ring 20, a seed delivery pipe 21, a bearing 22, a retaining ring 23 for holes, a brush 24, a forced cleaning Seed wheel 25, drive disc 26. The seed protection ring 20 includes a closed ring and an open ring connected to the closed ring. The upper opening of the housing 18 is fixed to the lower end of the seed delivery tube 21 in the shape of a rectangular square tube, and the upper end of the seed delivery tube 21 is connected to the bottom of the seed box 6. Connection, the closed ring of the seed protection ring 20 is affixed in the circular chamber of the housing 18, and is close to the inner wall of the circular chamber, and the fur strip 19 is affixed to the inner ring surface of the opening of the seed protection ring 20 , the drive shaft 16 is fixed on both sides of the two fertilizer boxes 5 through bearings 22 and bearing end caps and is positioned by pins at the shaft ends. The drive shaft 16 is fixed with a transmission disc 26, and the flat circular through hole in the center of the transmission disc 26 And the hole is locked and positioned with the retaining ring 23, the transmission disc 26 is a circular plate, and 3 small holes are evenly distributed along 360° on it, and the bolts pass through the small holes on the transmission disc 26 and the evenly distributed circular arc on the seeding disc 17 The long hole fixes the seeding disc 17 on the transmission disc 26 to realize the drive of the drive shaft 16 to the seeding disc 17 . Hairbrush 24 is affixed to the bottom of the closed circular ring of seed protection ring 20, and forced seed cleaning wheel 25 cooperates and affixes to housing 18 outside by fastening screw 42 and the threaded hole 43 of housing 18 bottoms.

Further, the seeding disk is a key component of the seeding device, and the seeding disk is a combination of a ring-shaped part and a conical ring-shaped part. The width of the seeding disc 17 is 35-50mm, the width of the circular part is 12-16mm, the cone angle of the cone-shaped part of the seeding disc is δ=35°～55°, and the cone ring has a spiral disturbing seed along the cone surface. Strip 17-1, the seed disturbing strip 17-1 has a diameter of 2 to 5 mm; one side of the cone ring is a circular plate with a transparent center, and 3 arc-shaped long holes are evenly distributed on it; the other side of the cone ring is a circular ring Shaped part, some transparent type holes 17-2 are arranged on the ring, and each disturbing seed bar 17-1 is correspondingly distributed between the two type holes.

Further, the number of holes on the seeding tray 17 is 24-40, the diameter of the hole 17-2 is 11-13.5 mm, and the depth is 4-6 mm. 1~1.5mm chamfer with a 45° chamfer, and a 1~1.5mm chamfer with a 60° bottom chamfer, which is beneficial to the capsule seed and seed discharge, and avoids stuck seeds. The forced seed cleaning wheel 25 can be matched with the seed discharge plate The hole meshing is suitable for cleaning the seeds stuck in the hole at a high speed to avoid missed sowing.

Further, the "L" type ditching shovel includes a shovel wing 30, a shovel handle 29, an installation rectangular pipe 28 and a fertilizer guide pipe 27, and the upper end of the installation rectangular pipe 28 is fixed to the single frame by U-shaped bolts 14, the upper end of the shovel handle 29 is welded in the U-shaped groove at the lower end of the rectangular tube 28, the lower end of the shovel handle 29 is connected to the shovel wing 30, and the shovel wing 30 and the shovel handle 29 are bent into one body or connected together by welding. Described fertilizer guide pipe 27 is installed in the rear that rectangular pipe 28, shovel handle 29 and shovel wing 30 are installed; 40mm～100mm, the angle formed by the shovel wing 30 and the ground when it enters the soil is the shovel chest lift angle, the shovel chest lift angle is 7°～16°, and the soil breaking angle is 9°～30°; the right edge of the shovel wing 30 is on the horizontal plane The projection of the blade is 25°～40° with the direction of advance of the machine, the projection of the left side edge on the horizontal plane is 5°～10° with the direction of advance of the machine, the edge angle of the cutting edge at the shovel handle section and the right edge of the shovel wing 30 and The edge angle of the cutting edge section on the left edge is equal.

Further, the fertilizer discharge device 7 includes a fertilizer hopper 31, a fertilizer protection plate 32, a fertilizer discharge hopper 33 and a fertilizer discharge wheel 34; the fertilizer outlet at the bottom of the fertilizer box 5 is connected to the fertilizer hopper 31, and the fertilizer discharge wheel 34 moves Circumferentially evenly distributed bottom is spherical cylindrical groove, the number of said cylindrical groove is equal to the number of type holes 17-2 on the seeding disc 17, and the fertilizer discharge wheel 34 is provided with a fertilizer protecting plate 32 along the circumference, connecting the fertilizer bucket 31 is fixedly connected with the fertilizer protection plate 32, and the bottom of the fertilizer discharge wheel 34 is connected with the fertilizer discharge bucket 33, and the fertilizer discharge bucket 33 is connected with the fertilizer guide pipe 27 of the corresponding "L" type ditching shovel 13.

Further, the double disc opener 12 includes a rectangular installation tube 37, two discs 38, a disc installation shaft 39, a nut 40 and a bearing seat 41; the rectangular installation tube 37 is fixed to the On the single frame 14, the upper end of the rectangular mounting tube 37 is connected to the bottom of the bell arrangement, the lower end of the rectangular mounting tube 37 is fixedly connected to the disc mounting shaft 39, two discs 38 are installed on the disc mounting shaft 39, and the disc mounting shaft 39 The two ends of the fixed bearing and the nut 40, the bearing seat 41 is affixed to the disc 38 and cooperates with the bearing to realize the free rotation of the disc 38 on the disc mounting shaft 39.

Seed fertilizer synchronization principle

The seed tray and the fertilizer wheel have the same number of holes. By adjusting the circumferential position of the seed tray and the fertilizer wheel on the drive shaft, it is ensured that the holes of the seed tray and the fertilizer wheel correspond one by one to ensure the discharge of seeds and fertilizers. When using fertilizer, one seed corresponds to one hole of fertilizer. The depth of the double-disc opener is 3-5cm. Since the fertilizer is required to be 3-5cm deeper than the seeds in agronomy, the "L" type ditching shovel penetrates 3-5cm more than the double-disc opener. In order to ensure that the fertilizer and seeds fall to the soil at the same time, that is, to ensure that the height and distance of the fall are consistent, the diameter of the fertilizer discharge wheel is theoretically 6-10cm larger than that of the seed disk. In order to further ensure the accuracy of the relative position of the fertilizer, It is necessary to minimize the impact of the seed and fertilizer pipes on the falling process of seeds and fertilizers, reduce the length of the seed pipes and fertilizer pipes, and realize that one seed corresponds to one hole on the left and right sides of the fertilizer, so that the corn root system grows in a balanced manner , compared with orthotopic fertilization, the maize root system has a larger spread range, stronger soil-holding ability, and improved lodging resistance.

The beneficial effect of the no-tillage seeder for synchronous side deep fertilization of corn is:

Change the traditional drill sowing of chemical fertilizers into hole sowing, reduce the amount of chemical fertilizers, improve the utilization rate, and apply the chemical fertilizers at a deep side, which is conducive to the extension and growth of the root system of the crops to both sides, increasing the volume of the root system to grab the soil, and it is easy to resist lodging. It can be appropriately reduced in the existing farming agronomy. The distance between the plants increases the yield; the "L" type ditching shovel used reduces the working resistance, avoids turning the soil and reduces the chaos of the soil layer. It is conducive to the growth of beneficial microorganisms in the soil and increases crop yield; the synchronization of seed fertilizer can ensure the accuracy of the position of chemical fertilizer in holes relative to the seed, and thus meet the nutrient needs of crops in the growing period. The double-disc opener can cut off weeds and straw to prevent clogging; after cutting the soil with the "L"-shaped opener, a soil state of "empty at the top and solid at the bottom" is formed on both sides of the seed, which is conducive to the growth and development of the root system, and The fertilizer is distributed in caves, reducing the amount of chemical fertilizer, improving the utilization rate of chemical fertilizer, applying slow-release fertilizer or controlled-release fertilizer, and one-time fertilization can ensure the nutrient supply of the whole corn growth period.

Description of drawings

The utility model has following drawings:

Fig. 1 is the overall structural diagram of the corn synchronous lateral deep fertilization no-tillage seeder of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of fertilizing and sowing monomers.

Fig. 3 Schematic diagram of the explosion of the seed metering device.

Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the seeding tray.

Fig. 5 Schematic diagram of "L" type ditching shovel.

Fig. 6 Schematic diagram of double disc opener.

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the fertilizer discharge device.

Fig. 8 Schematic diagram of the synchronization principle of different fertilizers.

Fig. 9 Schematic diagram 2 of the synchronization principle of different fertilizers.

Among them, 1. Fertilization and seeding unit 2. Rack 3. U-shaped bolt group 4. Three-point suspension device 5. Fertilizer box 6. Seed box 7. Fertilizer discharge device 8. Seed discharge device 9. Shaft transmission mechanism 10. Ground Wheel 11. Ground wheel profiling rod 12. Double disc opener 13. "L" type ditching shovel 14. Single frame 15. Single four-rod profiling device 16. Drive shaft 17. Seed disc 18 .Shell 19. Soft hair strip 20. Seed protection ring 21. Seed delivery pipe 22. Bearing 23. Hole retaining ring 24. Brush 25. Forced seed cleaning wheel 26. Transmission disc 27. Fertilizer guide pipe 28. Installation Rectangular pipe 29. Shovel handle 30. Shovel wing 31. Fertilizer hopper 32. Fertilizer protection plate 33. Fertilizer discharge bucket 34. Fertilizer discharge wheel 35. Left subsoiler shovel 36. Right subsoiler shovel 37. Rectangular installation pipe 38. Round Disk 39. Disk mounting shaft 40. Nut 41. Bearing seat 42. Fastening screw 43. Threaded hole

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1-9 the utility model is described in further detail.

The corn synchronous lateral deep fertilization and no-tillage planter described in the utility model is mainly composed of a fertilization and seeding unit 1, a frame 2, a U-shaped bolt group 3, a three-point suspension device 4, and the like. Wherein the fertilization and seeding unit 1 is composed of a fertilizer box 5, a seed box 6, a fertilizer discharge device 7, a seed discharge device 8, a shaft transmission mechanism 9, a ground wheel 10, a ground wheel profiling rod 11, a double disc opener 12, " L" type trenching shovel 13, single frame 14, single four-bar profiling device 15, drive shaft 16 and so on.

The fertilizing and sowing unit 1 is driven by the ground wheel 10, which is also a pressing wheel and a profiling wheel, and the power is delivered to the drive shaft 16 by the ground wheel 10 through the shaft transmission mechanism 9, and the drive shaft 16 drives the seeding device 8 and The two symmetrically arranged fertilizer discharge devices 7 realize synchronous seed and fertilizer discharge, ensuring that the seeds and fertilizer are discharged together, enter the seed delivery pipe 21 and the fertilizer guide pipe 27, and then are transported to the double-disc opener 12. Seed ditch and " L " type ditching shovel 13 leave in the fertilizer ditch that guarantees kind, the accuracy of relative position when fertilizer falls to the ground. The ground wheel (suppression wheel) suppresses the seed ditch after sowing, compacts the soil, and ensures close contact between the seeds and the soil. The single four-bar profiling device 15 is composed of 4 steel plates with a length of 30 cm and a width of 4 cm, 2 U-shaped plates, 2 spring pull rods and 1 extension spring. The single four-bar profiling device 15 is connected to one end of the frame 2. When the tractor is hung and positioned at the rear, it cannot float. The end connected to the single body can float. The single four-bar profiling device 15 can automatically follow the ups and downs of the ground surface. , to ensure that the depth of the seed ditch and the fertilizer ditch produced by the double disc opener 12 and the "L" type ditching shovel 13 are consistent, thereby ensuring that the depth of sowing and fertilization is consistent.

Further, the seeding device 8 is composed of a seeding disc 17, a housing 18, a soft hair strip 19, a seed protection ring 20, a seed delivery pipe 21, a bearing 22, a retaining ring 23 for holes, a brush 24, a forced clearing Wheel 25, drive disc 26 etc. are formed. During work, the seeds in the seed box 6 enter the upper opening of the housing 18 through the seed delivery pipe 21, and then enter the seed-filling area. There is a brush 24 in the bottom of the seed-filling area, and the seed-filling area is divided into two parts: an upper part and a lower part. The seeds falling on the lower seed filling area rotate under the seeding disc 17, and the seeds are encapsulated into the hole to complete the initial filling. The brush combs or clears the seeds that have completed the initial filling. The seeds that lie on their sides and enter the hole are combed into a flat posture by the brush because their center of gravity is low. The seeds that enter the hole vertically have a high center of gravity. Clean out the die hole. After the brush, the unfilled holes are filled for the second time in the upper seed filling area. At this time, most of the holes have been filled with seeds, and the seeds are under the action of the side wall of the seed protection ring 20 and the seeding tray 17. There is a certain order to improve the filling rate of subsequent refilling. After entering the seed clearing area, the excess seeds are cleared out of the hole under the action of gravity. Under the flexible protection of the soft hair strip 19 in the seed protection area, the seeds are cast in the seed area by gravity, and some seeds that fail to be cast in time are discharged from the hole 17 under the clearing action of the forced seed clearing wheel 25. -2. And then fall in the rectangular installation pipe 37 of double disk opener 12, fall in the kind ditch that double disk opener 12 leaves.

Wherein the seeding disc 17 has a width of 35-50mm, and the ring-shaped part has a width of 12-16mm. There are transparent holes on the ring, the number of holes is 24-40, and the diameter of the holes is 11-13.5mm. The depth is 4-6mm, and there is a chamfer at the top and bottom. The upper chamfer is 45° of 1-1.5mm chamfer, and the lower chamfer is 60° of 1-1.5mm chamfer. card species; the cone angle of the cone ring is 35° to 55°, and the cone ring has a spiral seed disturbance strip 17-1 along the cone surface, the diameter of the disturbance strip 17-1 is 2 to 5mm, and each disturbance strip 17- 1 Distributed between two types of holes, agitate the population, avoid "overhead" seeds, improve the activity of the population, and then improve the quality of filling seeds. The seed tray uses gravity, centrifugal force, inter-species pressure, etc. when filling seeds. It has more filling force and can adapt to higher seeding speeds. The brush 24 combs the seeds in the filling holes to adjust the filling pattern. The attitude of the hole is conducive to the stability of the seeds and reduces the leakage of seeds. The soft hair strip 19 can utilize the flexibility of the soft hair to adjust the gap between the seeding tray 17 and the seed protection ring 20, so as to avoid the gap being too large to jam the seeds, and at the same time, larger seeds can pass through safely, avoiding bumps and reducing the number of seeds damage. The forced seed cleaning wheel 25 can be engaged with the hole of the seed-discharging disc, so as to adapt to the cleaning of seeds stuck in the hole at a higher speed, so as to avoid missed sowing.

Further, the fertilizer discharge device 7 is composed of a fertilizer receiving hopper 31 , a fertilizer protection plate 32 , a fertilizer discharge bucket 33 , a fertilizer discharge wheel 34 and the like. The fertilizer flows into the fertilizer hopper 31 from the fertilizer box 5, and the bottom of the fertilizer discharge wheel 34 is a cylindrical groove with a spherical surface. The fertilizer discharge wheel 34 is driven by the drive shaft 16 to rotate, and the fertilizer flows into the groove of the fertilizer discharge wheel 34 under the action of gravity. In the groove, with the rotation of the fertilizer discharge wheel 34, under the protection of the fertilizer protection plate 32, the fertilizer is transported to the fertilizer discharge hopper 33 to be discharged, and then flows into the fertilizer guide pipe 27 of the "L" type ditching shovel 13, and falls into the soil , to complete the hole fertilization process.

As shown in Figure 5, when the lifting angle of the shovel chest and the angle of broken soil are large, the soil will move along the direction and sideways of the "L" type ditching shovel 13, forming small ditches and soil layers being chaotic and losing moisture, increasing The lateral displacement of the soil layer increases the forward resistance. Therefore, the lifting angle of the shovel chest and the angle of broken soil should be taken as smaller values. The rising angle of the shovel breast is selected from 7° to 16°, and the angle of broken soil is selected from 9° to 30°, which can reduce the turning and lateral movement of the soil. Small, dry and wet soil is not easy to mix, only the surface soil is lifted, loosened and dropped in place, the soil layer is not too messy; the height of the plowing layer has a great influence on the degree of loose soil and the instantaneous lower part of the soil when the shovel wing 30 lifts the soil The size of the wedge space has a big impact. The working width of the shovel wing 30 and the broken soil angle determine the degree of broken soil and the size of the wedge-shaped space, and because the broken soil angle should be taken as a smaller value, in order to increase the performance of loosening soil and the wedge-shaped space, the height of the upper edge of the shovel wing can be increased. It is only necessary to increase the width of the shovel wing appropriately, generally 40mm to 100mm.

The upper end of the shovel handle 29 is connected to the U-shaped groove at the lower end of the rectangular pipe 28 by welding, and the shovel wing 30 and the shovel handle 29 are bent into one body or connected together by welding; 16 °, the projection of the right side blade of the shovel wing 30 on the horizontal plane and the direction of machine advancement are at an acute angle of 25 ° to 40 °, and the left side blade and the direction of machine advancement are 5 ° to 10 °. The edge sharpening method of the left blade is upper sharpening, and the edge sharpening method of the right blade is lower sharpening. During work, the machine drives the "L" type ditching shovel 13 to work, the cutting edge of the shovel wing obliquely cuts the soil at the bottom of the soil, the cut soil rises along the surface of the shovel wing, and the lower part of the shovel wing forms a wedge-shaped space. Since the shovel wing forms an acute angle with the ground, it is convenient for the cut soil to rise and unearth along the surface of the shovel wing, and the shovel wing and the shovel handle are in an offset state, which avoids the collision of the lifted soil and the shovel handle, which greatly reduces the resistance to soil work. As shown in Figure 7, the left and right subsoiling shovels are used in pairs to overcome the lateral force generated by a single shovel.

The content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims (7)

1. A corn synchronous lateral position deep fertilization no-tillage seeder is characterized in that: comprising: some fertilization and sowing monomers (1), frame (2), three-point suspension device (4) and U-shaped bolt group (3 ); Several fertilizing and sowing units (1) are respectively fixed on the rear end of the frame (2) through U-shaped bolt groups (3), and the corn synchronous lateral deep fertilization and no-tillage seeder is fixed by a three-point suspension device (4). connected to the rear of the tractor; The fertilizing and sowing unit (1) includes a seed box (6), two fertilizer boxes (5), two fertilizer discharge devices (7), a seed discharge device (8), a shaft transmission mechanism (9), a ground wheel ( 10), ground wheel profiling rod (11), double disc opener (12), "L" type ditching shovel (13), single frame (14), single four-bar profiling device (15 ) and drive shaft (16); two fertilizer boxes (5) are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the seed box (6), and the seed box (6) and the fertilizer box (5) are fixedly connected on the top of the single frame (14) , the seeding device (8) and the two fertilizer discharging devices (7) are correspondingly fixedly connected under the seed box (6) and the two fertilizer boxes (5), and the double disc openers (12) and two symmetrically arranged " The L”-shaped ditching shovel (13) is correspondingly fixed under the seed metering device (8) and the two fertilizer discharge devices (7), and the middle part of the seed metering device (8) and the two fertilizer discharge devices (7) is equipped with a drive The shaft (16), the two ends of the drive shaft (16) are installed on both sides of the two fertilizer boxes (5), and one end of the single four-bar profiling device (15) passes through the U-shaped bolt group (3) and the frame (2) Fixed connection, the other end of the single four-bar profiling device (15) is fixed on the front of the single frame (14) and the seed box (6), fertilizer box (5), and the middle part of the ground wheel (10) is provided with a ground wheel shaft The two ends of the ground wheel shaft are fixedly connected to the drive shaft (16) of the fertilizer discharge device (7) and the seed metering device (8) through two ground wheel profiling rods (11), and the two ends of the shaft transmission mechanism (9) The ends are fixedly connected to the ground wheel rotating shaft and the driving shaft (16) respectively. 2. corn synchronous lateral position deep fertilization no-tillage seeder as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described seed arrangement (8) comprises seed arrangement disc (17), housing (18), soft fur strip ( 19), seed protection ring (20), seed delivery pipe (21), bearing (22), retaining ring for hole (23), hair brush (24), forced seed cleaning wheel (25), transmission disc (26); The seed protection ring (20) comprises a closed ring and an open ring connected with the closed ring, the upper opening of the housing (18) is affixed to the lower end of the seed delivery tube (21) in the shape of a rectangular square tube, and the seed delivery tube ( 21) The upper end is connected to the bottom of the seed box (6), and the closed ring of the seed protection ring (20) is fixed in the circular chamber of the housing (18), and is close to the inner wall of the circular chamber, and the fur strip ( 19) It is fixed on the inner ring surface of the open ring of the seed protection ring (20), and the drive shaft (16) is fixed on both sides of the two fertilizer boxes (5) through the bearing (22) and the bearing end cover and is fixed at the shaft end by a pin Sub-positioning, the drive shaft (16) is fixed with a drive disc (26), locked and positioned by the oblate through hole in the center of the drive disc (26) and the retaining ring (23) for the hole, and the drive disc (26) is circular On it, 3 small holes are evenly distributed along 360 °, and the bolts pass through the small holes on the transmission disk (26) and the evenly distributed arc long holes on the seed disk (17) to fix the seed disk (17) on the transmission On the disk (26), the drive shaft (16) is driven to the seeding disk (17); the brush (24) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the closed ring of the seed protection ring (20), and the seed cleaning wheel (25) is forced to The fastening screw (42) cooperates with the threaded hole (43) at the bottom of the housing (18) and is fixedly connected to the outside of the housing (18). 3. The no-tillage seeder for synchronous side-position deep fertilization and no-tillage seeder for corn as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the seeding disc (17) is a combination of an annular part and a cone-shaped part, and the seeding disc (17) ) width is 35 ~ 50mm, the width of the annular part is 12 ~ 16mm, the cone angle of the cone annular part of the seeding disk is δ = 35 ° ~ 55 °, and the cone ring has a spiral disturbing strip along the cone surface (17 -1), the seed disturbing strip (17-1) has a diameter of 2 to 5 mm; one side of the cone ring is a circular plate with a transparent center, and there are 3 arc long holes evenly distributed on the circular plate; the other side of the cone ring is The ring-shaped part has several transparent holes (17-2) on the ring, and each seed-disturbing bar (17-1) is correspondingly distributed between two holes (17-2). 4. The no-tillage seeder for synchronous side-position deep fertilization and no-tillage seeder for corn as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the number of holes (17-2) on the seeding tray (17) is 24 to 40, and the number of holes ( 17-2) The diameter is 11 ~ 13.5mm, the depth is 4 ~ 6mm, the type hole (17-2) has a chamfer on the top and bottom, the top chamfer is 1 ~ 1.5mm chamfer of 45°, and the bottom chamfer is 60° The 1-1.5mm chamfering is beneficial to the seed capsule and seed discharge, avoiding the stuck seed, forcing the clearing wheel (25) to mesh with the type hole (17-2), and is used to correct the stuck type hole (17-2) Clean up the seeds to avoid missed sowing. 5. The corn synchronous lateral deep fertilization no-tillage planter according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the "L" type ditching shovel (13) comprises a shovel wing (30), a shovel handle (29), a mounting rectangle Pipe (28) and fertilizer guide pipe (27), the upper end of described installation rectangular pipe (28) is fixed on the single frame (14) by U-shaped bolt, and the upper end of shovel handle (29) is welded on installation rectangular pipe ( 28) In the U-shaped groove at the lower end, the lower end of the shovel handle (29) is connected to the shovel wing (30), and the shovel wing (30) and the shovel handle (29) are bent into one body or connected together by welding. Pipe (27) is installed in the rear of installation rectangular pipe (28), shovel handle (29) and shovel wing (30); The steel plate of parallelogram, the width of steel plate gets 40mm～100mm, and the angle that shovel wing (30) forms with ground when entering soil is shovel breast lift angle, and shovel chest lift angle is 7 °～16 °, and broken soil angle is 9 °～ 30°; the projection of the right edge of the shovel wing (30) on the horizontal plane is 25° to 40° to the direction of machine advancement, and the projection of the left edge on the horizontal plane to the direction of machine advancement is 5° to 10°. The blade angle equals to the blade angle of the right side blade edge of shovel wing (30) and the blade edge section of the left side edge. 6. The corn synchronous lateral deep fertilization no-tillage seeder according to claim 5, characterized in that: the fertilizer discharge device (7) includes a fertilizer bucket (31), a fertilizer protection plate (32), and a fertilizer bucket (33) And the fertilizer wheel (34); the fertilizer outlet at the bottom of the fertilizer box (5) is connected with the fertilizer hopper (31), and the fertilizer wheel (34) is evenly distributed along the circumference and the bottom is a cylindrical groove of a spherical surface, and the cylinder The quantity of the groove is equal to the type hole (17-2) quantity on the seeding disc (17), and the fertilizer discharge wheel (34) is provided with a fertilizer protection plate (32) along the circumference, and the fertilizer bucket (31) is connected with the fertilizer protection device. The plate (32) is fixedly connected, and the bottom of the fertilizer discharge wheel (34) is connected with the fertilizer discharge bucket (33), and the fertilizer discharge bucket (33) is connected with the fertilizer guide pipe (27) of the corresponding "L" type ditching shovel (13). 7. The no-tillage seeder for synchronous side position deep fertilization and no-tillage seeder for corn as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: the double disc opener (12) comprises a rectangular installation pipe (37), two discs (38), Disc mounting shaft (39), nut (40) and bearing seat (41); the rectangular mounting tube (37) is fixed on the single frame (14) through U-shaped bolts, and the upper end of the rectangular mounting tube (37) Connect with the bottom of the bell row device, the lower end of the rectangular installation tube (37) is fixedly connected to the disc installation shaft (39), and two discs (38) are installed on the disc installation shaft (39), and the two disc installation shafts (39) End fixed bearing and nut (40), bearing seat (41) is affixed to disk (38) and cooperates with bearing to realize that disk (38) rotates freely on disk mounting shaft (39).