CN204634293U - One grow wheat subsoiling rotary tillage layer by layer manuring divides band seed broadcaster - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a wheat deep loosening rotary tillage layered fertilization and belt spreader, which relates to the technical field of wheat sowing machinery. The front of the rotary tillage device is equipped with a subsoiling and layered deep fertilization device, and the rear of the rotary tillage device is equipped with a constant depth fertilizer spreading device. suppression device. The fertilizer applied by the subsoiling and layered deep fertilization device is applied layer by layer below the rotary tillage layer, the fertilizer applied by the equal depth fertilizer spreading device is applied in the middle and lower part of the rotary tillage layer, and the seeds sown by the equal depth seed spreading device are located The upper part within the layer; layered fertilization and seeding in each rotary belt. The utility model can complete operations such as deep loosening, slow-release fertilizer application in deep layers, basal fertilizer application in equal depth, seed spreading in equal depth, soil covering, and suppression in one operation; it can effectively improve the utilization rate of fertilizers, and promote the growth of wheat seedlings and later stages. Reduce the pollution of soil and groundwater by residual fertilizers, increase wheat production and income, reduce post-topdressing operations, save energy, and have high efficiency.

Description

A wheat subsoiling rotary tillage layered fertilization belt spreader

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of wheat sowing machinery.

Background technique

Most of the existing base fertilizer application methods are to spread the fertilizer on the surface and stir it with rotary tillage, and the fertilizer depth is inconsistent; most of the wheat seeders are drill sowing, with narrow sowing belts, concentrated emergence of seedlings, competition for nutrients between seedlings, and the gap between two ridges. Soil nutrients and water cannot be fully utilized; due to the inconsistent depth of fertilizers, seeds are sown in drills, only a little fertilizer under the seeds is absorbed by the crops, and the fertilizers above the seeds and between the two rows are all wasted and stagnant in the soil, causing soil and groundwater damage. Pollution, destruction of the ecological environment.

Existing wheat needs rotary tillage before planting, which requires a lot of soil movement and serious soil moisture loss, which is easy to cause water loss, which is contrary to the actual needs of the current water shortage.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a wheat subsoiling rotary tillage layered fertilization belt spreader, the tractor can complete subsoiling, deep layered slow-release fertilizer application, equal deep layered fertilizer application, and equal depth seed sowing All operations such as covering soil, pressing, etc.; all the fertilizers applied by deep layered slow-release fertilizer and equal depth spreading base fertilizer are all located under the seeds sown at equal depth, which can effectively improve the utilization rate of fertilizers, and equal depth spreading base fertilizer can promote the improvement of wheat seedlings. Long-term growth, reducing the pollution of soil and groundwater by residual fertilizers; deep loosening forms small soil reservoirs, and slow-release fertilizers are applied deep in small reservoirs in layers, which can provide sufficient water and nutrients for the later growth of wheat, promote the later growth of wheat, and promote The increase in wheat production and income can reduce the later topdressing operations and improve operating efficiency.

The main technical solution of the present invention is: a wheat subsoiling rotary tillage layered fertilization belt spreader, characterized in that it includes a suspension frame or a lifting frame, a frame, a fertilizer box, a seed box, and a subsoiling layered deep fertilization device , rotary tillage device, equal depth fertilizer spreading device, equal depth seed spreading device, suppression device, and power transmission mechanism;

The suspension frame is connected with the frame, and a rotary tillage device is provided under the frame, a subsoiling layered deep fertilization device is provided in front of the rotary tiller device, and an equal-depth fertilization device is provided at the rear of the rotary tiller device. A rotary tiller is installed on the shaft of the rotary tiller, and a constant depth sowing device is installed behind the equal depth fertilizer spreading device, and a suppression device is installed behind the equal depth seed spreading device, and the suppression device drives the fertilizer discharge shaft of the fertilizer box through the transmission mechanism Rotate with the seeding shaft of the seed box to discharge fertilizer and seed;

The rotary tiller on the rotary tiller shaft is divided into two groups or more than two groups, each group of rotary tiller can form a rotary tiller belt, and there is a distance between adjacent groups of rotary tiller, each group of rotary tiller The installation position of the knife set corresponds to the front and rear of a subsoiling layered deep fertilization device, the fertilizer outlet of one or two equal depth fertilizer spreading devices and the seed outlet of one or two equal depth seed spreading devices; The loose layered deep fertilization device is located in the middle of the rotary tillage belt.

The fertilizer applied by the deep loose layered deep fertilization device is applied layer by layer below the rotary tillage layer, the fertilizer applied by the equal depth fertilizer spreading device is applied to the middle and lower part of the rotary tillage layer, and the seeds sown by the equal depth seed spreading device Located in the upper part of the rotary tillage layer; apply fertilizer and sow seeds layer by layer in each rotary tillage zone.

Further improvement, the described wheat subsoiling rotary tillage layered fertilization belt spreader is characterized in that it also includes a grass cutting disc, which is arranged in front of the gearbox under the front beam of the frame.

Preferably, the suspension frame is suspended and connected with the tractor; the rear output shaft of the tractor is connected with the input shaft at the upper end of the gearbox of the rotary tiller to drive the rotary tiller shaft for rotary tillage; the gearbox is fixed on the frame, and the Two ends of the lowermost output shaft of the gearbox are fixed with two rotary tiller shafts, and two or more groups of rotary tiller shafts are installed on each rotary tiller shaft.

Preferably, the subsoiling layered deep fertilization device includes a subsoiling shovel, a layered fertilization pipe is arranged behind the subsoiling shovel, and one, two, three or more layers are arranged on the layered fertilization pipe Apply fertilizer layer by layer to the middle and lower part of the deep groove formed by the subsoiling shovel below the rotary tillage layer; the fertilizer outlet at the top of the layered fertilization pipe is not higher than the rotary tillage device behind it. Till the bottom.

Preferably, the equal-depth fertilizer spreading device includes a fertilizer delivery pipe, a fertilizer spreading cover, a fertilizer spreading bottom plate, a fertilizer disperser and a fertilizer dispersion column; the fertilizer delivery pipe is fixed on the rear beam of the frame, the fertilizer spreading bottom plate and the spreading fertilizer The fertilizer cover plates are all triangular plates inclined forward. The fertilizer spreader base plate and the fertilizer spreader cover plate are fixed at the lower end of the fertilizer delivery pipe and communicate with the fertilizer delivery pipe. The fertilizer disperser is fixed between the fertilizer spreader base plate and the fertilizer spreader cover plate. At the entrance of the fertilizer; several fertilizer dispersing columns are fixed between the fertilizer spreading bottom plate and the fertilizer spreading cover, and are located above the fertilizer outlet below the fertilizer disperser; the bottom edge of the fertilizer spreading cover and the bottom edge of the fertilizer spreading bottom are provided The level of the fertilizer outlet and the fertilizer outlet is consistent, ensuring that the fertilizer is evenly spread at the same depth in the middle and lower part of the rotary tillage layer.

As a further improvement, a triangular baffle is provided at the bottom of the fertilizer spreading cover, and the fertilizer outlet is provided on the bottom of the fertilizer spreading bottom at the triangular baffle.

Preferably, the equal-depth sowing device comprises a seed delivery pipe, a seed sowing cover plate, a seed sowing bottom plate, a seed disperser and a seed dispersion column; the seed delivery pipe is fixed on the back beam of the frame, and the seed sowing bottom plate and The sowing cover plates are all triangular plates inclined backwards, the sowing base plate and the sowing cover plate are fixed at the lower end of the seed delivery pipe, and communicate with the seed delivery tube, and the seed disperser is fixed between the sowing base plate and the sowing cover plate At the seed entrance; several seed dispersion columns are fixed between the sowing bottom plate and the sowing cover plate, above the seed outlet below the seed disperser; the bottom edge of the sowing cover plate and the sowing bottom plate is provided with a seed discharge port , The level of the seed outlet is consistent, ensuring that the seeds are evenly sprinkled on the same depth in the upper part of the rotary tillage layer.

Preferably, the equal-depth fertilizing device and the equal-depth seed spreading device are equipped with depth adjustment mechanisms to ensure that the distance between seeds and fertilizers meets the agronomic requirements.

Preferably, the fertilizer box is divided into a slow-release fertilizer box and a base fertilizer box to ensure that the slow-release fertilizer and the base fertilizer are applied separately; the fertilizer applied by the deep loose layered deep fertilization device is a slow-release fertilizer, and the fertilizer is applied in layers Below the rotary tillage layer; the fertilizer applied by the equal-depth fertilizer spreading device is conventional base fertilizer, and the fertilizer is applied to the middle and lower part of the rotary tillage layer, 5 to 15 cm below the ground; the seeds sown by the equal-depth seeding device are located in the rotary tillage The upper part of the layer is 3 to 5 cm below the ground; the width of the rotary tillage zone of each group of rotary tiller blades is 30-50 cm, and the interval between the rotary tillage zones is 15-25 cm. The width of sowing seeds is 30-50 cm.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: compared with the prior art, the existing problems of the prior art are well solved, and the tractor can complete subsoiling, slow-release fertilizer application in deep layers, strip rotary tillage or full-width rotary tillage in one operation. Plowing, equal depth spreading of basal fertilizer, equal depth spreading of seeds, covering soil, compaction and other operations; subsoiling, strip rotary tillage and equal depth spreading of seeds realize protective tillage and reduce water evaporation; equal depth spreading within the wheat seedling belt increases the least Plant spacing increases the average vegetative area per plant. Deep layered slow-release fertilizer and equal-depth spread of base fertilizer apply all the fertilizers under the seeds spread at equal depth, which can effectively improve fertilizer utilization rate and reduce the pollution of soil and groundwater by residual fertilizer; deep loosening forms a small soil reservoir , The slow-release fertilizer is applied deep in layers in small reservoirs, which can provide sufficient water and nutrients for the later growth of wheat, promote wheat production and income, and can reduce post-topdressing operations; it can improve fertilizer utilization, save energy, and improve operating efficiency.

It overcomes the shortcomings of wheat drill and sowing, combines the advantages of drill and broadcast, greatly improves the fertilizer utilization rate and water use efficiency, and increases the yield of wheat; it is conducive to wheat absorption of nutrients, ventilation and light transmission, strong seedlings, promotion of tillering, and increased production; at the same time Reduce fertilizer input and groundwater extraction, improve soil environment, increase water storage and moisture retention capacity, fully absorb natural precipitation, build soil reservoirs, coordinate water, fertilizer, gas, and heat conditions in the soil, improve soil water storage and moisture retention capacity and cultivate soil fattening effect. The land that does not sow seeds does not need to be rotary tilled to achieve conservation tillage; conservation tillage reduces water evaporation. The part of the soil swirled by the rotary tillage belt is sprinkled on the straw in the uncultivated zone to accelerate the maturity of the straw, and the uncultivated zone forms a ridge, and the rain and snow gather in the rotary tillage zone in winter to provide moisture for the seeds sown in the rotary tillage zone. Improved water use efficiency. Subsoiling, strip rotary tillage and equal-depth sowing of seeds realize equal-deep fertilization under planting and layered deep fertilization to improve fertilizer utilization rate and promote the growth of wheat seedlings and later stages respectively; one machine completes multiple operations to improve operating efficiency and realize The effect of each job. It is conducive to improving the crop growth environment and protecting the agricultural ecological environment.

The following will be further described in detail in combination with an embodiment and accompanying drawings, but it is not intended to limit the present invention.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic isometric perspective view of the structure part of the equal depth spreading fertilizer and seed in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged structural schematic diagram of the equal-depth fertilizer and seed spreading structure in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 4 is a partial left view of Fig. 1 .

FIG. 5 is a top view of FIG. 3 .

Fig. 6 is a right view of the 40 cm wide-band rotary tillage structure in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the vertical distribution of seed fertilizer in the seedling belt of Fig. 6 .

Fig. 8 is a right view of the 15 cm wide-band rotary tillage structure in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 9 is a right view of the 15 cm wide and equal row spacing structure in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 10 is a right view of the full-width rotary tillage spreading and fertilizing structure in Fig. 1 .

In the figure: 1—suspension frame or lifting frame, 2—subsoiling layered deep fertilization device, 3—rotary tillage device, 4—fertilizer box, 5—seed box, 6—frame, 7—equal depth fertilization device, 8—equal depth sowing device, 9—suppression mechanism, 10—transmission device, 21—subsoiling shovel, 22—layered fertilization pipe, 31—gearbox, 32—grass cutting disc, 33—rotary tiller shaft, 34—Rotary tiller, 71—Fertilizer delivery pipe, 72—Fertilizer spreader cover, 73—Fertilizer spreader bottom plate, 74—Fertilizer disperser, 75—Fertilizer dispersion column, 81—Seed delivery pipe, 82—Seed spreader cover, 83—seeding bottom plate, 84—seed disperser, 85—seed dispersion column, a1—seed layer, a2—basal fertilizer layer, a3—multi-layer distribution of slow-release fertilizer, a4—deep pine ditch, a5—rotary tillage belt, a6 —Uncultivated zone, a7—uncultivated layer covered by rotary tillage soil.

Detailed ways

Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 8, the wheat subsoiling rotary tillage layered fertilization belt spreader includes a suspension frame (or lifting frame) 1, a frame 6, a fertilizer box 4, a seed box 5, and a deep Loose layered deep fertilization device 2, rotary tillage device 3, equal depth fertilizer spreading device 7, equal depth seed spreading device 8, suppression device 9, and power transmission mechanism 10; the suspension frame 1 is connected with the frame 6, The bottom of the frame 6 is provided with a rotary tiller 3, the front of the rotary tiller 3 is provided with a subsoiling layered deep fertilization device 2, and the rear of the rotary tiller 3 is provided with an equal depth fertilizer spreader 7, and the rotary tiller of the rotary tiller 3 A rotary tiller is installed on the shaft 33, and an equal-depth seeding device 8 is arranged behind the equal-depth fertilizer spreading device 7, and a suppressing device 9 is arranged behind the equal-depth seeding device 8, and the suppressing device 9 drives the fertilizer box through a transmission mechanism 10 The fertilizer discharge shaft of 4 and the seed discharge shaft of seed box 5 rotate to carry out fertilizer discharge and seed discharge; the rotary tiller knives on the described rotary tiller shaft 33 are divided into two groups or more than two groups, for example, each group of rotary tiller There are 12 knives; the rotary knives are spirally arranged, or arranged in other forms; each group of rotary knives can form a rotary belt, and there is a distance between adjacent groups of rotary knives. The installation position of the tiller group is the same as the fertilizer outlet of one or two equal-depth fertilizer spreading devices 7 and the seed outlet of one or two equal-depth seed spreading devices 8 of a deep loose layered deep fertilization device 2 in the front The front and rear correspond; the subsoiling layered deep fertilization device 2 is located in the middle of the rotary tillage belt. The fertilizer applied by the deep loose layered deep fertilization device 2 is applied below the rotary tillage layer, and the fertilizer applied by the equal depth fertilizer spreader 7 is applied to the middle and lower part of the rotary tillage layer, and the equal depth seed spreader 8 The seeds sown are located in the upper part of the rotary tillage layer; fertilization and sowing are layered in each rotary tillage zone. The said a kind of wheat rotary tillage deep layer and equal depth fertilization spreader also includes a grass cutter disc 32, and the grass cutter disc 32 is arranged in front of the rotary tillage device 3, and the grass cutter disc 32 is a plane rotating disc, without Power, the disc is buried 1 cm into the soil, and rotates by itself. The suspension frame 1 is suspended and connected with the tractor; the rear output shaft of the tractor is connected with the gearbox 31 of the rotary tiller 3 to drive the rotary tiller shaft for rotary farming; the gearbox 31 is fixed on the frame 5, and the gearbox Two ends of the lowermost output shaft of 31 are fixed with two rotary tiller shafts 33, and each rotary tiller shaft 33 is equipped with two or more rotary tiller shafts 34. The described subsoiling and layered deep fertilization device 2 includes a subsoiling shovel 21 and a layered fertilization pipe 22 behind the subsoiling shovel 21, and the layered fertilization pipe 22 is provided with one, two, three or more upper and lower row The fertilizer outlet of the cloth is applied layer by layer to the middle and lower part of the deep ditch formed by the subsoiling shovel 21 below the rotary tillage layer; the fertilizer outlet at the top of the layered fertilization pipe is not higher than the rotary tiller behind it 3. The bottom of the rotary tillage. The equal-depth fertilizer spreader 7 includes a fertilizer delivery pipe 71, a fertilizer spreader cover plate 72, a fertilizer spreader base plate 73, a fertilizer disperser 74 and a fertilizer dispersion column 75; the fertilizer delivery pipe 71 is fixed on the back beam of the frame 6, The fertilizer spreader base plate 73 and the fertilizer spreader cover plate 72 are triangular plates inclined forward, the fertilizer spreader base plate 73 and the fertilizer spreader cover plate 72 are fixed on the lower end of the fertilizer delivery pipe 71, communicate with the fertilizer delivery pipe 71, and the fertilizer disperser 74 is fixed At the fertilizer inlet between the spreading base plate 73 and the spreading cover plate 72; some fertilizer dispersion columns 75 are fixed on the spreading base plate 73, below the fertilizer disperser 74; The bottom edge of base plate 73 is provided with fertilizer outlet, and the fertilizer outlet level is consistent, guarantees that fertilizer is spread evenly on the same depth in the lower part of the rotary tillage layer. A triangular baffle is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer spreading cover 72, and a strip-shaped fertilizer outlet is arranged on the bottom of the fertilizer spreading bottom 73 at the triangular baffle. The equal-depth sowing device 8 includes a seed delivery pipe 81, a seed sowing cover plate 82, a seed sowing bottom plate 83, a seed disperser 84 and a seed dispersion column 8; the seed delivery pipe 81 is fixed on the rear beam of the frame 6 , the sowing bottom plate 83 and the sowing cover plate 82 are all triangular plates inclined backward, the sowing bottom plate 83 and the sowing cover plate 82 are fixed on the lower end of the seed delivery pipe 81, communicate with the seed delivery pipe 81, and the seed disperser 84 Fixed at the seed inlet between the sowing bottom plate 83 and the sowing cover plate 82; several seed dispersion columns 85 are fixed between the sowing bottom plate 83 and the sowing cover plate 82, above the seed outlet below the seed disperser 84 ; The bottom edge of the sowing cover plate 82 and the sowing bottom plate 83 is provided with a seed discharge port, and the seed discharge port is consistent in level, ensuring that the seeds are evenly sprinkled on the same depth at the top of the rotary tillage layer. The equal-depth fertilizing device 7 and the equal-depth seed spreading device 8 are all provided with depth adjustment mechanisms to ensure that the distance between seeds and fertilizers meets the agronomic requirements. Described fertilizer box is divided into slow-release fertilizer box and basal fertilizer box, guarantees that slow-release fertilizer and basal fertilizer are applied separately; Below the plowing layer; the fertilizer applied by the equal depth fertilizer spreading device 7 is a conventional base fertilizer, and the fertilizer is applied to the middle and lower part of the rotary tillage layer, and the range of 8 to 13 cm below the ground; The upper part in the layer; the width of the rotary tillage zone of each group of rotary tiller blades is 30-50 centimeters, and the interval between the rotary tillage zones is 15-25 centimeters, and the width of equal deep fertilizer spreading and equal deep seed sowing is 30 cm. -50 cm.

The more specific structure of the embodiment is that the top of the layered fertilization pipe 22 is connected with the fertilizer discharger of the slow-release fertilizer of the fertilizer tank 4 through a fertilization hose. The fertilizer applied by the constant depth fertilizer spreading device 7 is evenly spread on the same depth in the middle and lower part of the rotary tillage layer, and the depth can be adjusted. The equal-depth sowing device 8 is characterized in that the sowed seeds are evenly spread at the same depth on the upper part of the rotary tillage layer, and the depth can be adjusted. The fertilizers spread by the layered fertilization pipe 22 and the equal-depth fertilizing device 7 are all located below the seeds sown by the equal-depth sowing device 8, and the distance between the seeds of the equal-depth sowing seeds and the fertilizer of the equal-depth spreading is adjustable. The suspension frame 1 is connected with the tractor through pin shafts; the suspension frame 1 and the frame 6 are installed together; the belt-shaped rotary tiller 3 is installed below the frame 6, and the axis of the cutter shaft 33 of the rotary tiller 3 is in line with the forward direction of the tractor. Vertical, the power is transmitted from the rear output shaft of the tractor to the gear box 31 of the belt-shaped rotary tiller 3 through a universal joint. The seed box 5 and the fertilizer box 4 are installed on the frame 6 through the side plates; below the front crossbeam of the frame 6, a subsoiling layered fertilization device 2 is installed in front of the (belt-shaped) rotary tiller 3; Below the back beam, the rear of the (belt-shaped) rotary tillage device 3 is equipped with a constant depth fertilizer spreading device 7 and a constant depth seed spreading device 8; The side wall of frame 6 is connected together; The sprocket wheel that one end of suppressing device 9 is installed, this sprocket wheel and the side sprocket wheel of seed box 5, fertilizer box 4 are connected to form transmission device 10 by chain. The fertilizer box 4 and the seed box 5 are respectively connected to each other with the subsoiling layered deep fertilization device 2, the deep spreading device 7 such as fertilizer and the deep spreading device 8 such as the seed through a conveying pipe. A small part of the soil swirled by the rotary tiller falls on the bottom of the equal-depth fertilizing device 7 first; the base fertilizer flows out of the fertilizer delivery pipe 71, is separated by the fertilizer disperser 74, and falls on the fertilizer spreading bottom plate 73 to continue to slide. The fertilizer dispersion column 75 of multi-layer distribution is evenly distributed on the fertilizer spreading base plate 73 through multiple impacts, and the dispersed fertilizer continues to slide down and flow out of the equal-depth fertilizer spreading device 7 and sprinkles on the soil that has fallen to the ground; On the applied fertilizer, the seeds flow out of the seed delivery pipe 81, are separated by the seed disperser 84, fall on the sowing bottom plate 83 and continue to slide, and the falling seeds hit the multi-layered fertilizer dispersion column 85 and are evenly spread on the sowing bottom plate 83 , the seeds that spread continue to slide down and flow out, and the equal deep sowing device 8 is sprinkled on the soil covering the fertilizer, and the rest of the soil that spins up all falls to cover the seeds. The (belt-shaped) rotary tillage device 3 can rotate the soil in the sowing belt, and the soil that is not sown will not be stirred, and the soil can be covered on the unturned ground by rotary tillage, which is beneficial to the rot and ripening of the straw. The upper and lower positions of the seed spreading device 8 and the deep spreading device 7 such as fertilizers can be adjusted according to the distance requirements of the seeding fertilizer, the soil type and the soil moisture content, so as to ensure the full utilization of the fertilizer without wasting or burning kind. The fertilizer box 4 and the seed box 5 are provided with regulating devices, which can adjust the amount of sowing and fertilization according to the actual needs of seeds, fertilizers and soil. The slow-release fertilizer device 2 is installed in the front middle of each rotary tillage belt, and the slow-release fertilizer device can apply the slow-release fertilizer to the middle and lower parts of the deep loosening shovel to provide nutrients for wheat in the later stage . The belt-shaped suppressing device is located at the rear of the belt-shaped spreading device, and the rotary tillage and sowing part is suppressed, which can make the seeds fully contact with the soil and ensure the sowing depth, and the non-rotary tillage part is not suppressed. Adjusting the arrangement of the rotary tiller knives on the belt-shaped rotary tiller 3, and the corresponding equal-depth fertilizing device 7, equal-depth seed spreader 7, and pressing rollers on the pressing device 9 can realize multiple seeding modes; the rotary tiller Install all rotary tillage blades 34 on 3, and replace the equal-depth fertilizing device 7, equal-depth seed spreading device 8 and suppression device 9 to realize full-width equal-depth spreading of fertilizers and equal-depth seeding; the above-mentioned various planting modes can be matched with deep Loose layer deep fertilization device 2 combined operation.

During work, the suspension frame 1 is connected with the rear suspension of the tractor, and the rear output shaft of the tractor drives the input shaft of the gearbox 31 of the belt-shaped rotary cultivating device 3 through a universal joint to rotate, and the gearbox 31 transmits power to the rotary cultivator shaft 33 to rotate, and the Strip rotary tillage operation; at the same time, with the advancement of the tractor, the deep loosening layered deep fertilization device 2 goes into the soil for deep loosening, the equal depth fertilizer spreading device 7 and the equal depth seed spreading device 8 enter the soil one after another, and the pressing roller of the pressing device 9 starts to touch the ground Rotating, the suppression device 9 drives the fertilizer box 4 to discharge fertilizer and the seed box 5 to discharge seeds through the transmission device 10; the slow-release fertilizer enters the deep loose layered deep fertilization device 2 through the fertilizer discharge pipe, and the bottom of the device is vertically opened with multiple fertilizer outlets , apply the slow-release fertilizer layer by layer to the middle and lower part of the subsoiling shovel, and the fertilizer outlet at the top part is not higher than the bottom of the rotary tiller of the belt-shaped rotary tiller to ensure that the rotary tiller does not stir the fertilizer; the base fertilizer enters the equal depth through the fertilizer delivery pipe Fertilizer spreading device 7, before the soil swirled by the rotary tiller 3 falls down, the fertilizer is spread on the middle and lower part of the belt-shaped rotary tiller (the depth is adjustable) through the spreading mechanism, and the part of the swirled soil by the rotary tiller falls to cover the fertilizer; Seeds enter the equal-depth seeding device 8 through the seed tube. After the soil part rotated by the rotary tiller falls down, the seeds are scattered on the middle and upper part of the belt-shaped rotary tiller through the spreading mechanism (the depth is adjustable), and the rotary tiller is lifted up. The part of the soil that falls behind covers the seeds; the suppression device 9 suppresses it; at the same time, the soil part rotated by the rotary tiller is thrown on the straw-covered uncultivated land, and the exposed straw is covered to speed up the maturity of the straw and provide nutrition for the next stubble corn. The implement is simple in structure, easy to adjust and reliable in use. It is a new type of high-efficiency wheat spreading implement. After trial, the effect is very good.

The mechanism of improving fertilizer utilization rate:

a. Sub-seed equal depth fertilization and layered deep fertilization are to apply fertilizer under the wheat seeds. After the wheat germinates, the root system will pierce down, and the fertilizer can basically be completely absorbed by the wheat root system;

There is basically no wheat root system in the soil above the b seed, saving the fertilizer between the fertilizer and the drill in the soil above the seed of the existing fertilization method, which can save more than 30% of the fertilizer;

c Subsoiling changes the soil bulk density, improves the aggregate structure of the soil, and is conducive to the formation of soil colloidal negative ions, thereby reducing oxygen volatilization, improving the utilization rate of fertilizers, and has a significant role in soil ecological restoration.

Mechanism of improving water use efficiency:

a. Deep loose water storage can effectively improve soil physical and chemical properties, fully absorb natural precipitation, establish soil reservoirs, coordinate soil water, fertilizer, air, and heat conditions, and improve soil water storage and moisture conservation capabilities and soil cultivation and fattening;

b. Strip rotary tillage realizes the immovable soil without planting, reducing the evaporation of soil moisture in the area without planting;

c The rotary tillage zone of c-band rotary tillage sows seeds at the same depth, and represses to reduce moisture loss; after the emergence of wheat, the leaves can completely cover the rotary tillage area, which can effectively reduce the evaporation of soil moisture in the rotary tillage zone .

Claims (9)

1. a grow wheat subsoiling rotary tillage layer by layer manuring divides band seed broadcaster, it is characterized in that: comprise hanger bracket or crane (1), frame (6), fertile case (4), plant case (5), the fertile device (2) of subsoiling layered deep placement, rotary cultivator attachment (3), etc. dark broadcast application device (7), etc. device (8) of deeply sowing seeds, suppression device (9), and power drive mechanism (10) is formed;

Described hanger bracket (1) is connected with frame (6), the below of frame (6) is provided with rotary cultivator attachment (3), the rotary ploughing cutter shaft (33) of rotary cultivator attachment (3) is provided with rotary blade, rotary cultivator attachment (3) front is provided with the fertile device (2) of subsoiling layered deep placement, rotary cultivator attachment (3) rear such as to be provided with at the dark broadcast application device (7), the device (8) of deeply sowing seeds such as to be provided with etc. the rear of dark broadcast application device (7), rear in device (8) of deeply sowing seeds is provided with suppression device (9), suppression device (9) drives the fertilizer expelling shaft of fertile case (4) by transmission mechanism (10) and plants the feed shaft rotation of case (5), carry out fertilizer, seeding,

Rotary blade on described rotary ploughing cutter shaft (33) is divided into more than 2 groups, often organize rotary blade (34) and a rotary tillage band can be formed, be spaced a distance between adjacent rotary blade group, the installation site often organizing rotary blade group and the fertile device (2) of the subsoiling layered deep placement of above, below one or two etc. deeply the going out before and after kind of mouth of device (8) that deeply sow seeds such as the fertilizer outlet of broadcast application device (7) and or two are corresponding; The fertile device (2) of subsoiling layered deep placement is positioned at the centre position of rotary tillage band;

The fertilizer layering that the fertile device (2) of described subsoiling layered deep placement is executed is executed below rotary tillage layer, and the middle and lower part in rotary tillage layer executed by the fertilizer waiting dark broadcast application device (7) to execute, and the seed waiting device of deeply sowing seeds (8) to broadcast sowing is positioned at the top of rotary tillage layer; Layer by layer manuring and sowing seeds in each rotary tillage band.

2. a grow wheat subsoiling rotary tillage layer by layer manuring according to claim 1 divides band seed broadcaster, it is characterized in that: also comprise a chaffcutter cutterhead (32), below the front beam that chaffcutter cutterhead (32) is located at frame (6) before gearbox (31).

3. a grow wheat subsoiling rotary tillage layer by layer manuring according to claim 1 divides band seed broadcaster, it is characterized in that: described hanger bracket (1) hangs with tractor and is connected; Tractor rear output shaft is connected with the gearbox (31) of rotary cultivator attachment (3), drives rotary ploughing cutter shaft (33) rotary tillage process; Gearbox (31) is fixed in frame (5), and the two ends of the nethermost output shaft of described gearbox (31) are fixed with two rotary ploughing cutter shafts (33), each rotary ploughing cutter shaft (33) are provided with the rotary blade (34) of more than two groups or two groups.

4. a grow wheat subsoiling rotary tillage layer by layer manuring according to claim 1 divides band seed broadcaster, it is characterized in that: the fertile device (2) of described subsoiling layered deep placement, comprise deep soil loosing shovel (21), deep soil loosing shovel (21) is provided with layer by layer manuring pipe (22) below, layer by layer manuring pipe (22) is provided with one, two, three or more fertilizer outlet of arranging up and down, fertilizer layering is imposed on the middle and lower part of the zanjon that the deep soil loosing shovel (21) below rotary tillage layer is split into; Bottom the rotary tillage not higher than the rotary cultivator attachment (3) after it of the fertilizer outlet of layer by layer manuring pipe topmost.

5. a grow wheat subsoiling rotary tillage layer by layer manuring according to claim 1 divides band seed broadcaster, it is characterized in that: dark broadcast application device (7) such as described grade, comprises fertilizer delivering pipe (71), broadcast application cover plate (72), broadcast application base plate (73), fertilizer disperser (74) and fertilizer dispersion column (75); Fertilizer delivering pipe (71) is fixed on the back rest of frame (6), broadcast application base plate (73) and broadcast application cover plate (72) are the triangular plate turned forward, broadcast application base plate (73) and broadcast application cover plate (72) are fixed on the lower end of fertilizer delivering pipe (71), be communicated with fertilizer delivering pipe (71), fertilizer disperser (74) is fixed on the fertilizer porch between broadcast application base plate (73) and broadcast application cover plate (72); Some fertilizer dispersion column (75) are fixed between broadcast application base plate (73) and broadcast application cover plate (72), are positioned at above the below fertilizer outlet of fertilizer disperser (74); The base of broadcast application cover plate (72) and the base place of broadcast application base plate (73) are provided with fertilizer outlet, and fertilizer outlet level is consistent, ensure that fertilizer is evenly sprinkling upon the same degree of depth of rotary tillage layer middle and lower part.

6. a grow wheat subsoiling rotary tillage layer by layer manuring according to claim 5 divides band seed broadcaster, it is characterized in that: the base place of described broadcast application cover plate (72) is provided with triangular baffle, and fertilizer outlet is located on the base of broadcast application base plate (73) at this triangular baffle place.

7. a grow wheat subsoiling rotary tillage layer by layer manuring according to claim 1 divides band seed broadcaster, it is characterized in that: described grade is sowed seeds device (8) deeply, comprise grain tube (81), cover plate of sowing seeds (82), base plate of sowing seeds (83), seeded dispersion device (84) and seeded dispersion post (85) composition; Grain tube (81) is fixed on the back rest of frame (6), sow seeds base plate (83) and cover plate of sowing seeds (82) is sweptback triangular plate, sow seeds base plate (83) and cover plate of sowing seeds (82) is fixed on the lower end of grain tube (81), be communicated with grain tube (81), seeded dispersion device (84) is fixed on the seed porch between base plate of sowing seeds (83) and cover plate of sowing seeds (82); Some seed dispersion column (85) are fixed between base plate of sowing seeds (83) and cover plate of sowing seeds (82), be positioned at the below of seeded dispersion device (84) goes out above kind of mouth; The bottom side portion of cover plate (82) and base plate of sowing seeds (83) of sowing seeds is provided with sowing port, and sowing port level is consistent, ensures that seed is evenly sprinkling upon the same degree of depth in rotary tillage layer top.

8. a grow wheat subsoiling rotary tillage layer by layer manuring according to claim 1 divides band seed broadcaster, it is characterized in that: dark broadcast application device (7) such as described grade, etc. device (8) of deeply sowing seeds all be provided with depth adjusting mechanism, ensure seed, fertilizer distance conform with agriculture requirement.

9. a grow wheat subsoiling rotary tillage layer by layer manuring according to claim 1 divides band seed broadcaster, it is characterized in that: described fertile case (4) is divided into slow-release fertilizer case and base manure case, ensures slow-release fertilizer and base manure separate administration; The fertilizer that the fertile device (2) of described subsoiling layered deep placement is executed is slow-release fertilizer, and fertilizer layering is executed below rotary tillage layer; The fertilizer executed etc. dark broadcast application device (7) is conventional base manure, and the scope of middle and lower part in rotary tillage layer, below ground 5 ~ 15 centimetres executed by fertilizer; The seed broadcasted sowing Deng device (8) of deeply sowing seeds is positioned at the top of rotary tillage layer, below ground 3 ~ 5 centimetres; It is 30-50 centimetre that the rotary tillage band often organizing rotary blade obtains width, the interval 15-25 centimetre between rotary tillage band, wait dark broadcast application, etc. the width of deeply sowing seeds be 30-50 centimetre.