CN113179880A - Kandelia candel seedling growing method - Google Patents
Kandelia candel seedling growing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113179880A CN113179880A CN202110595959.4A CN202110595959A CN113179880A CN 113179880 A CN113179880 A CN 113179880A CN 202110595959 A CN202110595959 A CN 202110595959A CN 113179880 A CN113179880 A CN 113179880A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
Abstract
The invention provides a method for raising seedlings of Kandelia candel.A nursery garden is selected and arranged on a low tide beach, and the hypocotyls are soaked in fresh seawater and then inserted into nutrient soil prepared from seawater, Kandelia candel leaching liquor, laterite, animal excrement, sandy soil, calcium nitrate and calcium superphosphate, so that the nutrition is supplemented to the seedlings, the growth of root systems of the Kandelia candel is promoted, the salt tolerance of the Kandelia candel is improved, the survival rate of the seedlings and the survival rate of afforestation are improved, the lodging rate is reduced, and the stress resistance of the seedlings is improved and the lodging rate is reduced by adjusting the culture conditions during seedling raising; the Kandelia candel seedlings cultivated by the seedling cultivation method can normally grow on the tidal flat with relatively poor salinity, the growth range of the Kandelia candel is expanded, and the seedling cultivation method is wide in applicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mangrove plant cultivation, in particular to a method for raising seedlings of Kandelia candel.
Background
Mangrove is a unique woody plant community that grows in the intertidal zone of tropical and subtropical coasts. The mangrove forest has the functions of protecting dikes, protecting beaches, resisting pollution and purifying, is a natural sea defense forest, is also a natural place where birds, fishes, shrimps, crabs and other animals inhabit, seek food and multiply, and has important functions on protecting birds, developing fisheries and protecting ecological balance of river mouth and coastal ecosystems. However, the current mangrove afforestation is generally carried out on a beach, the growth condition is severe, the mangrove afforestation is not only impacted by wind waves in the growth process, but also influenced by factors such as biting of marine animals, artificial interference, sun exposure, excessive deep moisture and the like, and the afforestation survival rate is low. Moreover, the mangrove forest growth has strict requirements on beach positions, most of the mangrove forest grows in beach areas of seashore saline soil with deep silt, the sea level is continuously increased along with global warming in recent years, the beach area suitable for mangrove growth is continuously reduced, and the mangrove forest area is also continuously reduced, so that the mangrove plant with wide growth range needs to be cultivated.
The Kandelia candel (L.) Druce is a shrub or a small tree in the family of mangrove, the fruit of the Kandelia candel is similar to a pen, the eggplant after mature is very similar, the Kandelia candel belongs to a group line in the middle and later periods of succession, the Kandelia candel mostly grows on a mud beach with a flat river mouth and bay, the Kandelia candel is one of important group species for constructing the ecological system of the mangrove forest in China, and the Kandelia candel Druce plays an extremely important ecological role in the aspects of coast, biological diversity protection and the like.
Chinese patent (CN108243859A) discloses a method for rapidly cultivating salt-tolerant Kandelia candel, which comprises the steps of collecting hypocotyls of Kandelia candel growing on a tidal flat with seawater salinity of 14-32 per mill, preparing nutrient soil from sea mud, peat soil, activated sludge, plant ash, sodium alginate, a loosening agent, phoxim, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and calcium chloride, maintaining a moist and fertile nutrient soil environment, and maintaining the salt tolerance of the Kandelia candel, so that a Kandelia candel seedling with high salinity tolerance and high transplanting survival rate can be obtained, and the Kandelia candel seedling can be planted and forestized in a deep-water beach with high salinity. However, the salt tolerance of the autumn eggplant cultivated by the method depends on the growth environment of the embryonic axis matrix, and the applicability is narrow.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a method for raising seedlings of Kandelia candel.
The invention discloses a method for raising seedlings of Kandelia candel, which comprises the following steps:
s1, site selection and soil preparation
Selecting a nursery garden to be arranged on a low tide beach which is small in wind wave and can be periodically submerged by seawater in a estuary bay area; the nursery garden is provided with a seedling growing area, and the seedling growing area is subjected to soil preparation and disinfection treatment;
s2, selecting seeds
Collecting hypocotyls from 12 months to 3 months in the next year, and selecting mature, fresh, disease and pest free and undifferentiated hypocotyls for seedling culture;
s3, treating the seedling culture substrate
Mixing Kandelia candel leaching liquor, laterite, animal manure, sandy soil, calcium nitrate and calcium superphosphate, adding seawater, fully and uniformly stirring, covering with a film for composting, and decomposing to obtain nutrient soil; loading the nutrient soil into nutrient bags, transporting the nutrient soil to a seedling raising area, and arranging the nutrient soil into ridges, wherein the direction of the ridges is consistent with the direction of the seawater swelling and ebbing tide;
s4, sowing
Sowing in a mode of adopting and sowing at any time; cleaning the collected hypocotyls with water, soaking the hypocotyls in fresh seawater for 4-5 hours, disinfecting, and cleaning with water; watering the nutrient soil with water during sowing, inserting the hypocotyl, wherein the transplanting depth of the hypocotyl is 2-4 cm, shading with a shading net after sowing, gradually opening the shading net to harden the seedling after the seed grows 2-3 true leaves, and slowly adapting to the growing environment of sunlight and naked sun, so that the seedling is prevented from being burnt by direct sunlight.
S5, seedling management
And (3) water and fertilizer management: in the initial stage of sowing, fresh water is irrigated every day, the salinity of the soil is controlled to be 5-10 per thousand, and after 2-3 true leaves grow out of the seeds, the salinity of the soil is controlled to be 18-28 per thousand; spraying amino acid foliar fertilizer in the seedling stage, and applying base fertilizer in the fast growing stage;
and (3) pest control: timely pulling out the diseased plant, and spraying chlorothalonil; the insect pest control is to artificially catch marine animals, trap and kill adults by arranging a trap lamp, and regularly spray insecticide;
s6, seedling hardening after outplanting: when the growth height of the seedlings is 50-80 cm, outplanting, stopping fertilizing one month before outplanting, controlling the salinity of the soil to be 25-30 per thousand, and performing root cutting and heeling seedling hardening after outplanting;
s7, afforestation: and (4) conveying the seedling after seedling hardening to a forestation place to start forestation.
Further, in step S3, the ratio of seawater, Kandelia candel leaching solution, red soil, animal waste, sandy soil, calcium nitrate and calcium superphosphate is (0.2-0.3) L: 1L: (60-80) kg: (20-40) kg: (10-15) kg: (1.2-2.5) kg: (1.5-3) kg.
Further, the seawater is seawater near a nursery land.
Further, the preparation method of the Kandelia candel leaching liquor comprises the following steps: selecting the rest hypocotyls in the step S2, cleaning, adding water with the weight being 10-12 times that of the hypocotyls, heating to 80-100 ℃, cooking for 0.5-1 h, adding perlite, continuing to cook for 0.5-1 h, cooling to 40-50 ℃, adding the bark of the Kandelia candel branches, continuing to cook for 20-30 min, and filtering to obtain a Kandelia candel leaching solution; wherein the weight ratio of the embryonic axis, the perlite and the bark of the Kandelia candel is 1: (0.3-0.4): (0.1-0.3).
Furthermore, the sandy soil is sandy soil with the sand content of 80-90%.
Furthermore, the specification of the seedling raising bag is 12cm in width and 15cm in length.
Further, in step S3, the ridge is 10-35 m long, 1-1.5 m wide and 0.5-1 m apart.
Furthermore, the salinity of the fresh seawater is 8-10 per thousand, the development of the embryonic axis is not facilitated due to overhigh salinity of the fresh seawater, and the salt tolerance of the embryonic axis cannot be influenced due to overlow salinity of the fresh seawater.
Further, in step S4, the ratio of the hypocotyls to the nutrient soil is 1: 0.5-1 kg.
Further, the disinfection is to put the hypocotyl into a carbendazim or chlorothalonil solution to be soaked for 5-6 minutes.
Further, the carbendazim or chlorothalonil solution is obtained by diluting the carbendazim or chlorothalonil with water to 300-500 times.
Further, in step S4, after the hypocotyls are placed, the base of the hypocotyls is pressed by hand to make the hypocotyls and the nutrient soil fully fit, so that the hypocotyls and the nutrient soil are tightly combined, and the nutrient absorption capability of the hypocotyls is improved.
Furthermore, the transmittance of the sunshade net is 50-70%.
Furthermore, the base fertilizer is applied according to the principle that organic fertilizer is used as a main fertilizer, chemical fertilizer is used as an auxiliary fertilizer, and a small amount of base fertilizer is applied for multiple times.
Further, spraying chlorothalonil is to spray 800-1000 times of chlorothalonil solution with the concentration of 75% once every 5-7 days for 3-4 times.
Further, the 800-1000 times of 75% chlorothalonil liquid is 75% chlorothalonil and water according to the weight ratio of 1: mixing at a volume ratio of 800-1000.
Further, the hardening off seedlings for the root cutting and heeling in are hardening off seedlings for the root cutting and heeling in situ or hardening off seedlings for the root cutting and heeling in other places.
Further, in step S6, fresh water is irrigated for 400-600L/mu/time 7 days before the root-breaking heeling and seedling hardening, and fresh water is irrigated for 300-500L/mu/time 7 days later, so that the seawater is periodically soaked; the number of times of irrigating fresh water is 1-2 times per day.
Furthermore, the hardening time is 30-35 days.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention relates to a method for raising seedlings of Kandelia candel.A nursery garden is selected and arranged on a low tide beach, the hypocotyls are soaked in fresh seawater and then inserted into nutrient soil prepared from seawater, Kandelia candel leaching liquor, laterite, animal excrement, sandy soil, calcium nitrate and calcium superphosphate, the nutrient is supplemented for the seedlings, the growth of root systems of the Kandelia candel.A.donald green is promoted, the salt tolerance of the Kandelia candel.A.seedling survival rate and afforestation survival rate are improved, the lodging rate is reduced, and the stress resistance of the seedlings is improved and the lodging rate is reduced by adjusting the culture conditions during seedling raising; the Kandelia candel seedlings cultivated by the seedling cultivation method can normally grow on the tidal flat with relatively poor salinity, the growth range of the Kandelia candel is expanded, and the seedling cultivation method is wide in applicability.
The method selects the remaining kandelia candel embryonic axis to prepare the kandelia candel leaching liquor, develops a new application of discomfortable seeding embryonic axis, and adds perlite and kandelia candel bark to prepare the kandelia candel leaching liquor in the process of preparing the kandelia candel leaching liquor respectively, and then the kandelia candel leaching liquor is matched with red soil, animal wastes, sandy soil, calcium nitrate and calcium superphosphate for use, so that the tannin content of seedlings is improved while nutrients are provided for the growth of seedlings, the effect of resisting the eating of marine animals is achieved, and the survival rate of the seedlings and the survival rate of afforestation are further improved.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the invention.
In the following embodiment of the invention, the ridge is 25 meters long, 1 meter wide and 0.5 meter apart.
The seedling raising bags used in the invention are all 12cm wide and 15cm long.
Example 1
A Kandelia candel seedling growing method comprises the following steps:
s1, site selection and soil preparation
Selecting a nursery garden to be arranged on a low tide beach which is small in wind wave and can be periodically submerged by seawater in a estuary bay area; the nursery garden is provided with a seedling growing area, and the seedling growing area is subjected to soil preparation and disinfection treatment;
s2, selecting seeds
Collecting hypocotyls of local Kandelia candel in a nursery garden in 12 months to 3 months next year, and selecting mature, fresh, disease and pest free and undifferentiated hypocotyls for seedling culture;
s3, treating the seedling culture substrate
Mixing the Kandelia candel leaching liquor, laterite, cow dung, sandy soil with sand content of 80-90%, calcium nitrate and calcium superphosphate, adding seawater, fully and uniformly stirring, covering with a film for composting, and decomposing to obtain nutrient soil; loading the nutrient soil into nutrient bags, transporting the nutrient soil to a seedling raising area, and arranging the nutrient soil into ridges, wherein the direction of the ridges is consistent with the direction of the seawater swelling and ebbing tide; wherein, the proportion of seawater, Kandelia candel leaching liquor, red soil, cow dung, sandy soil, calcium nitrate and calcium superphosphate is 0.3L: 1L: 75 kg: 40 kg: 15 kg: 2 kg: 3 kg;
the preparation method of the Kandelia candel leaching liquor comprises the following steps: selecting the rest hypocotyls in the step S2, cleaning, adding water with the weight 10 times that of the hypocotyls, heating to 90 ℃, cooking for 0.5h, adding perlite, continuing cooking for 0.5h, cooling to 40 ℃, adding the bark of Kandelia candel, continuing cooking for 30min, and filtering to obtain Kandelia candel leaching liquor; wherein the weight ratio of the embryonic axis, the perlite and the bark of the Kandelia candel is 1: 0.4: 0.2;
s4, sowing
Sowing in a mode of adopting and sowing at any time; cleaning the collected hypocotyls with water, soaking in freshwater seawater with salinity of 9 per mill for 4.5h, soaking in 300 times of carbendazim solution for 5 min, and cleaning with water; during sowing, the nutrient soil is watered with water, and then the hypocotyls are inserted, wherein the ratio of the hypocotyls to the nutrient soil is 1: 0.5-1 kg, press the embryonic axis basal portion with the hand, make the embryonic axis fully laminate with nutrient soil, the embryonic axis depth of inserting is 2-4 centimetres, hide the shade with the sunshade net that the transmittance is 60% after the seeding is finished, after the seed grows out 2 ~ 3 true leaves, open the sunshade net gradually and refine the seedling, let the seedling slowly adapt to the growing environment that the sunshine is bare and sun, avoid the seedling to receive the direct solar radiation and burn the blade.
S5, seedling management
And (3) water and fertilizer management: in the initial stage of sowing, fresh water is irrigated for 3-5 times every day, the soil salinity is controlled to be 5-10 per thousand, after 2-3 true leaves grow out of the seeds, fresh water is irrigated for 2-3 times every day, and the soil salinity is controlled to be 18-28 per thousand; spraying amino acid foliar fertilizer for 1-2 times in a seedling stage, and applying base fertilizer for 5-8 times in a fast growth stage;
and (3) pest control: timely pulling out the diseased plant, spraying 1000 times of 75% chlorothalonil solution every 5-7 days for 3-4 times; the insect pest control is to artificially catch marine animals, trap and kill adults by arranging a trap lamp, and regularly spray insecticide;
s6, seedling hardening after outplanting: when the seedling grows to 60 cm in height, outplanting, stopping fertilizing one month before outplanting, controlling the soil salinity to be 25-30 per thousand, performing allopatric root cutting and temporary planting and seedling hardening after outplanting, hardening the seedling for 35 days, watering fresh water for 500L/mu/7 days before temporary planting and hardening the seedling, watering fresh water for 400L/mu/7 days after temporary planting and hardening the seedling, and periodically soaking the seawater; the number of times of irrigating fresh water is 1-2 times per day;
s7, afforestation: and (4) conveying the seedling after seedling exercising to a low tide beach near the bank for afforestation.
Example 2
A Kandelia candel seedling growing method comprises the following steps:
s1, site selection and soil preparation
Selecting a nursery garden to be arranged on a low tide beach which is small in wind wave and can be periodically submerged by seawater in a estuary bay area; the nursery garden is provided with a seedling growing area, and the seedling growing area is subjected to soil preparation and disinfection treatment;
s2, selecting seeds
Collecting hypocotyls of Kandelia candel around nursery garden in 12-3 months, and selecting mature, fresh, disease and pest free and undifferentiated hypocotyls for seedling culture;
s3, treating the seedling culture substrate
Mixing the Kandelia candel leaching liquor, laterite, pig manure, sandy soil with sand content of 80-90%, calcium nitrate and calcium superphosphate, adding seawater, fully and uniformly stirring, covering with a film for composting, and decomposing to obtain nutrient soil; loading the nutrient soil into nutrient bags, transporting the nutrient soil to a seedling raising area, and arranging the nutrient soil into ridges, wherein the direction of the ridges is consistent with the direction of the seawater swelling and ebbing tide; wherein, the proportion of seawater, Kandelia candel leaching liquor, red soil, pig manure, sandy soil, calcium nitrate and calcium superphosphate is 0.2L: 1L: 60 kg: 25kg of: 10 kg: 1.2 kg: 1.5 kg;
the preparation method of the Kandelia candel leaching liquor comprises the following steps: selecting the rest hypocotyls in the step S2, cleaning, adding water 12 times the weight of the hypocotyls, heating to 80 ℃, cooking for 1h, adding perlite, continuing cooking for 1h, cooling to 45 ℃, adding the bark of Kandelia candel, continuing cooking for 20min, and filtering to obtain Kandelia candel leaching liquor; wherein the weight ratio of the embryonic axis, the perlite and the bark of the Kandelia candel is 1: 0.3: 0.1;
s4, sowing
Sowing in a mode of adopting and sowing at any time; cleaning collected hypocotyls with water, soaking in freshwater seawater with salinity of 10 per mill for 4h, soaking in 500 times of chlorothalonil solution for 6 min, and cleaning with water; during sowing, the nutrient soil is watered with water, and then the hypocotyls are inserted, wherein the ratio of the hypocotyls to the nutrient soil is 1: 0.5-1 kg, press the embryonic axis basal portion with the hand, make the embryonic axis fully laminate with nutrient soil, the embryonic axis depth of inserting is 2-4 centimetres, hide the shade with the sunshade net that the transmittance is 60% after the seeding is finished, after the seed grows out 2 ~ 3 true leaves, open the sunshade net gradually and refine the seedling, let the seedling slowly adapt to the growing environment that the sunshine is bare and sun, avoid the seedling to receive the direct solar radiation and burn the blade.
S5, seedling management
And (3) water and fertilizer management: in the initial stage of sowing, fresh water is irrigated for 3-5 times every day, the soil salinity is controlled to be 5-10 per thousand, after 2-3 true leaves grow out of the seeds, fresh water is irrigated for 2-3 times every day, and the soil salinity is controlled to be 18-28 per thousand; spraying amino acid foliar fertilizer for 1-2 times in a seedling stage, and applying base fertilizer for 5-8 times in a fast growth stage;
and (3) pest control: timely pulling out the diseased plant, spraying 800 times of 75% chlorothalonil solution every 5-7 days for 3-4 times; the insect pest control is to artificially catch marine animals, trap and kill adults by arranging a trap lamp, and regularly spray insecticide;
s6, seedling hardening after outplanting: when the seedling grows to be 80 cm in height, outplanting, stopping fertilizing one month before outplanting, controlling the soil salinity to be 25-30 per thousand, performing in-situ root cutting and temporary planting and seedling hardening after outplanting, hardening the seedlings for 30 days, irrigating fresh water for 400L/mu/time before temporary planting and hardening the seedlings after root cutting, irrigating fresh water for 300L/mu/time after 7 days, and periodically soaking the seawater; the number of times of irrigating fresh water is 1-2 times per day;
s7, afforestation: and (4) conveying the seedling after seedling exercising to a low tide beach near the bank for afforestation.
Example 3
A Kandelia candel seedling growing method comprises the following steps:
s1, site selection and soil preparation
Selecting a nursery garden to be arranged on a low tide beach which is small in wind wave and can be periodically submerged by seawater in a estuary bay area; the nursery garden is provided with a seedling growing area, and the seedling growing area is subjected to soil preparation and disinfection treatment;
s2, selecting seeds
Collecting hypocotyls of local or peripheral Kandelia candel in nursery garden 12 months to 3 months in the next year, and selecting mature, fresh, disease and pest free and undifferentiated hypocotyls for seedling culture;
s3, treating the seedling culture substrate
Mixing the Kandelia candel leaching liquor, laterite, cow dung, sandy soil with sand content of 80-90%, calcium nitrate and calcium superphosphate, adding seawater, fully and uniformly stirring, covering with a film for composting, and decomposing to obtain nutrient soil; loading the nutrient soil into nutrient bags, transporting the nutrient soil to a seedling raising area, and arranging the nutrient soil into ridges, wherein the direction of the ridges is consistent with the direction of the seawater swelling and ebbing tide; wherein, the proportion of seawater, Kandelia candel leaching liquor, red soil, cow dung, sandy soil, calcium nitrate and calcium superphosphate is 0.3L: 1L: 75 kg: 40 kg: 15 kg: 2 kg: 3 kg;
the preparation method of the Kandelia candel leaching liquor comprises the following steps: selecting the rest hypocotyls in the step S2, cleaning, adding water with the weight 10 times that of the hypocotyls, heating to 90 ℃, cooking for 0.5h, adding perlite, continuing cooking for 0.5h, cooling to 40 ℃, adding the bark of Kandelia candel, continuing cooking for 30min, and filtering to obtain Kandelia candel leaching liquor; wherein the weight ratio of the embryonic axis, the perlite and the bark of the Kandelia candel is 1: 0.4: 0.2;
s4, sowing
Sowing in a mode of adopting and sowing at any time; cleaning the collected hypocotyls with water, soaking in freshwater seawater with salinity of 9 per mill for 4.5h, soaking in 500 times of carbendazim solution for 5 min, and cleaning with water; during sowing, the nutrient soil is watered with water, and then the hypocotyls are inserted, wherein the ratio of the hypocotyls to the nutrient soil is 1: 0.5-1 kg, press the embryonic axis basal portion with the hand, make the embryonic axis fully laminate with nutrient soil, the embryonic axis depth of inserting is 2-4 centimetres, hide the shade with the sunshade net that the transmittance is 70% after the seeding is finished, after the seed grows out 2 ~ 3 true leaves, open the sunshade net gradually and refine the seedling, let the seedling slowly adapt to the growing environment that the sunshine is bare and sun, avoid the seedling to receive the direct solar radiation and burn the blade.
S5, seedling management
And (3) water and fertilizer management: in the initial stage of sowing, fresh water is irrigated for 3-5 times every day, the soil salinity is controlled to be 5-10 per thousand, after 2-3 true leaves grow out of the seeds, fresh water is irrigated for 2-3 times every day, and the soil salinity is controlled to be 18-28 per thousand; spraying amino acid foliar fertilizer for 1-2 times in a seedling stage, and applying base fertilizer for 5-8 times in a fast growth stage;
and (3) pest control: timely pulling out the diseased plant, spraying 1000 times of 75% chlorothalonil solution every 5-7 days for 3-4 times; the insect pest control is to artificially catch marine animals, trap and kill adults by arranging a trap lamp, and regularly spray insecticide;
s6, seedling hardening after outplanting: when the seedling grows to 60 cm in height, outplanting, stopping fertilizing one month before outplanting, controlling the soil salinity to be 25-30 per thousand, performing allopatric root cutting and temporary planting and seedling hardening after outplanting, hardening the seedlings for 30 days, irrigating fresh water for 400L/mu/time before temporary planting and hardening the seedlings for 7 days, irrigating fresh water for 300L/mu/time after 7 days, and periodically soaking the seawater; the number of times of irrigating fresh water is 1-2 times per day;
s7, afforestation: and (4) conveying the seedling after seedling exercising to a plain beach for afforestation.
Example 4
A Kandelia candel seedling growing method comprises the following steps:
s1, site selection and soil preparation
Selecting a nursery garden to be arranged on a low tide beach which is small in wind wave and can be periodically submerged by seawater in a estuary bay area; the nursery garden is provided with a seedling growing area, and the seedling growing area is subjected to soil preparation and disinfection treatment;
s2, selecting seeds
Collecting hypocotyls of local or peripheral Kandelia candel in nursery garden 12 months to 3 months in the next year, and selecting mature, fresh, disease and pest free and undifferentiated hypocotyls for seedling culture;
s3, treating the seedling culture substrate
Mixing the Kandelia candel leaching liquor, laterite, cow dung, sandy soil with sand content of 80-90%, calcium nitrate and calcium superphosphate, adding seawater, fully and uniformly stirring, covering with a film for composting, and decomposing to obtain nutrient soil; loading the nutrient soil into nutrient bags, transporting the nutrient soil to a seedling raising area, and arranging the nutrient soil into ridges, wherein the direction of the ridges is consistent with the direction of the seawater swelling and ebbing tide; wherein, the proportion of seawater, Kandelia candel leaching liquor, red soil, cow dung, sandy soil, calcium nitrate and calcium superphosphate is 0.3L: 1L: 75 kg: 40 kg: 15 kg: 2 kg: 3 kg;
the preparation method of the Kandelia candel leaching liquor comprises the following steps: selecting the rest hypocotyls in the step S2, cleaning, adding water with the weight 10 times that of the hypocotyls, heating to 90 ℃, cooking for 0.5h, adding perlite, continuing cooking for 0.5h, cooling to 40 ℃, adding the bark of Kandelia candel, continuing cooking for 30min, and filtering to obtain Kandelia candel leaching liquor; wherein the weight ratio of the embryonic axis, the perlite and the bark of the Kandelia candel is 1: 0.4: 0.2;
s4, sowing
Sowing in a mode of adopting and sowing at any time; cleaning the collected hypocotyls with water, soaking in freshwater seawater with salinity of 9 per mill for 4.5h, soaking in 300 times of carbendazim solution for 5 min, and cleaning with water; during sowing, the nutrient soil is watered with water, and then the hypocotyls are inserted, wherein the ratio of the hypocotyls to the nutrient soil is 1: 0.5-1 kg, press the embryonic axis basal portion with the hand, make the embryonic axis fully laminate with nutrient soil, the embryonic axis depth of inserting is 2-4 centimetres, hide the shade with the sunshade net that the transmittance is 70% after the seeding is finished, after the seed grows out 2 ~ 3 true leaves, open the sunshade net gradually and refine the seedling, let the seedling slowly adapt to the growing environment that the sunshine is bare and sun, avoid the seedling to receive the direct solar radiation and burn the blade.
S5, seedling management
And (3) water and fertilizer management: in the initial stage of sowing, fresh water is irrigated for 3-5 times every day, the soil salinity is controlled to be 5-10 per thousand, after 2-3 true leaves grow out of the seeds, fresh water is irrigated for 2-3 times every day, and the soil salinity is controlled to be 18-28 per thousand; spraying amino acid foliar fertilizer for 1-2 times in a seedling stage, and applying base fertilizer for 5-8 times in a fast growth stage;
and (3) pest control: timely pulling out the diseased plant, spraying 1000 times of 75% chlorothalonil solution every 5-7 days for 3-4 times; the insect pest control is to artificially catch marine animals, trap and kill adults by arranging a trap lamp, and regularly spray insecticide;
s6, seedling hardening after outplanting: when the seedling grows to 60 cm in height, outplanting, stopping fertilizing one month before outplanting, controlling the soil salinity to be 25-30 per thousand, performing allopatric root cutting and temporary planting and seedling hardening after outplanting, hardening the seedlings for 30 days, irrigating fresh water for 400L/mu/time before temporary planting and hardening the seedlings for 7 days, irrigating fresh water for 300L/mu/time after 7 days, and periodically soaking the seawater; the number of times of irrigating fresh water is 1-2 times per day;
s7, afforestation: and conveying the hardened seedlings to a high salinity environment for afforestation.
Example 5
A Kandelia candel seedling growing method comprises the following steps:
s1, site selection and soil preparation
Selecting a nursery garden to be arranged on a low tide beach which is small in wind wave and can be periodically submerged by seawater in a estuary bay area; the nursery garden is provided with a seedling growing area, and the seedling growing area is subjected to soil preparation and disinfection treatment;
s2, selecting seeds
Collecting hypocotyls of local or peripheral Kandelia candel in nursery garden 12 months to 3 months in the next year, and selecting mature, fresh, disease and pest free and undifferentiated hypocotyls for seedling culture;
s3, treating the seedling culture substrate
Mixing the Kandelia candel leaching liquor, laterite, cow dung, sandy soil with sand content of 80-90%, calcium nitrate and calcium superphosphate, adding seawater, fully and uniformly stirring, covering with a film for composting, and decomposing to obtain nutrient soil; loading the nutrient soil into nutrient bags, transporting the nutrient soil to a seedling raising area, and arranging the nutrient soil into ridges, wherein the direction of the ridges is consistent with the direction of the seawater swelling and ebbing tide; wherein, the proportion of seawater, Kandelia candel leaching liquor, red soil, cow dung, sandy soil, calcium nitrate and calcium superphosphate is 0.3L: 1L: 75 kg: 40 kg: 15 kg: 2 kg: 3 kg;
the preparation method of the Kandelia candel leaching liquor comprises the following steps: selecting the rest hypocotyls in the step S2, cleaning, adding water with the weight 10 times that of the hypocotyls, heating to 90 ℃, cooking for 0.5h, adding perlite, continuing cooking for 0.5h, cooling to 40 ℃, adding the bark of Kandelia candel, continuing cooking for 30min, and filtering to obtain Kandelia candel leaching liquor; wherein the weight ratio of the embryonic axis, the perlite and the bark of the Kandelia candel is 1: 0.4: 0.2;
s4, sowing
Sowing in a mode of adopting and sowing at any time; cleaning the collected hypocotyls with water, soaking in freshwater seawater with salinity of 12 per mill for 4.5h, soaking in 300 times of carbendazim solution for 5 min, and cleaning with water; during sowing, the nutrient soil is watered with water, and then the hypocotyls are inserted, wherein the ratio of the hypocotyls to the nutrient soil is 1: 0.5-1 kg, press the embryonic axis basal portion with the hand, make the embryonic axis fully laminate with nutrient soil, the embryonic axis depth of inserting is 2-4 centimetres, hide the shade with the sunshade net that the transmittance is 70% after the seeding is finished, after the seed grows out 2 ~ 3 true leaves, open the sunshade net gradually and refine the seedling, let the seedling slowly adapt to the growing environment that the sunshine is bare and sun, avoid the seedling to receive the direct solar radiation and burn the blade.
S5, seedling management
And (3) water and fertilizer management: in the initial stage of sowing, fresh water is irrigated for 3-5 times every day, the soil salinity is controlled to be 5-10 per thousand, after 2-3 true leaves grow out of the seeds, fresh water is irrigated for 2-3 times every day, and the soil salinity is controlled to be 18-28 per thousand; spraying amino acid foliar fertilizer for 1-2 times in a seedling stage, and applying base fertilizer for 5-8 times in a fast growth stage;
and (3) pest control: timely pulling out the diseased plant, spraying 1000 times of 75% chlorothalonil solution every 5-7 days for 3-4 times; the insect pest control is to artificially catch marine animals, trap and kill adults by arranging a trap lamp, and regularly spray insecticide;
s6, seedling hardening after outplanting: when the seedling grows to 60 cm in height, outplanting, stopping fertilizing one month before outplanting, controlling the soil salinity to be 25-30 per thousand, performing allopatric root cutting and temporary planting and seedling hardening after outplanting, hardening the seedlings for 30 days, irrigating fresh water for 400L/mu/time before temporary planting and hardening the seedlings for 7 days, irrigating fresh water for 300L/mu/time after 7 days, and periodically soaking the seawater; the number of times of irrigating fresh water is 1-2 times per day;
s7, afforestation: and (4) conveying the seedling after seedling exercising to a low tide beach near the bank for afforestation.
Example 6
A Kandelia candel seedling growing method comprises the following steps:
s1, site selection and soil preparation
Selecting a nursery garden to be arranged on a low tide beach which is small in wind wave and can be periodically submerged by seawater in a estuary bay area; the nursery garden is provided with a seedling growing area, and the seedling growing area is subjected to soil preparation and disinfection treatment;
s2, selecting seeds
Collecting hypocotyls of local or peripheral Kandelia candel in nursery garden 12 months to 3 months in the next year, and selecting mature, fresh, disease and pest free and undifferentiated hypocotyls for seedling culture;
s3, treating the seedling culture substrate
Mixing the Kandelia candel leaching liquor, laterite, cow dung, sandy soil with sand content of 80-90%, calcium nitrate and calcium superphosphate, adding seawater, fully and uniformly stirring, covering with a film for composting, and decomposing to obtain nutrient soil; loading the nutrient soil into nutrient bags, transporting the nutrient soil to a seedling raising area, and arranging the nutrient soil into ridges, wherein the direction of the ridges is consistent with the direction of the seawater swelling and ebbing tide; wherein, the proportion of seawater, Kandelia candel leaching liquor, red soil, cow dung, sandy soil, calcium nitrate and calcium superphosphate is 0.3L: 1L: 75 kg: 40 kg: 15 kg: 2 kg: 3 kg;
the preparation method of the Kandelia candel leaching liquor comprises the following steps: selecting the rest hypocotyls in the step S2, cleaning, adding water with the weight 10 times that of the hypocotyls, heating to 90 ℃, cooking for 1.5h, and filtering to obtain Kandelia candel leaching liquor;
s4, sowing
Sowing in a mode of adopting and sowing at any time; cleaning the collected hypocotyls with water, soaking in freshwater seawater with salinity of 9 per mill for 4.5h, soaking in 300 times of carbendazim solution for 5 min, and cleaning with water; during sowing, the nutrient soil is watered with water, and then the hypocotyls are inserted, wherein the ratio of the hypocotyls to the nutrient soil is 1: 0.5-1 kg, pressing the basal part of the embryonic axis by hands to ensure that the embryonic axis is fully attached to the nutrient soil, inserting the embryonic axis to a depth of 2-4 cm, shading by using a shading net with the transmittance of 70% after sowing, gradually opening the shading net to harden the seedling after 2-3 true leaves grow out of the seed, and slowly adapting to the growing environment of the sun and the sun, so that the seedling is prevented from burning the leaves due to direct sunlight;
s5, seedling management
And (3) water and fertilizer management: in the initial stage of sowing, fresh water is irrigated for 3-5 times every day, the soil salinity is controlled to be 5-10 per thousand, after 2-3 true leaves grow out of the seeds, fresh water is irrigated for 2-3 times every day, and the soil salinity is controlled to be 18-28 per thousand; spraying amino acid foliar fertilizer for 1-2 times in a seedling stage, and applying base fertilizer for 5-8 times in a fast growth stage;
and (3) pest control: timely pulling out the diseased plant, spraying 1000 times of 75% chlorothalonil solution every 5-7 days for 3-4 times; the insect pest control is to artificially catch marine animals, trap and kill adults by arranging a trap lamp, and regularly spray insecticide;
s6, seedling hardening after outplanting: when the seedling grows to 60 cm in height, outplanting, stopping fertilizing one month before outplanting, controlling the soil salinity to be 25-30 per thousand, performing allopatric root cutting and temporary planting and seedling hardening after outplanting, hardening the seedlings for 30 days, irrigating fresh water for 400L/mu/time before temporary planting and hardening the seedlings for 7 days, irrigating fresh water for 300L/mu/time after 7 days, and periodically soaking the seawater; the number of times of irrigating fresh water is 1-2 times per day;
s7, afforestation: and (4) conveying the seedling after seedling exercising to a low tide beach near the bank for afforestation.
Comparative example 1
A Kandelia candel seedling growing method comprises the following steps:
s1, site selection and soil preparation
Selecting a nursery garden to be arranged on a low tide beach which is small in wind wave and can be periodically submerged by seawater in a estuary bay area; the nursery garden is provided with a seedling growing area, and the seedling growing area is subjected to soil preparation and disinfection treatment;
s2, selecting seeds
Collecting hypocotyls of local or peripheral Kandelia candel in nursery garden 12 months to 3 months in the next year, and selecting mature, fresh, disease and pest free and undifferentiated hypocotyls for seedling culture;
s3, treating the seedling culture substrate
Mixing laterite, cow dung, sandy soil with sand content of 80-90%, calcium nitrate and calcium superphosphate, adding seawater, fully stirring uniformly, covering with a film for composting, and decomposing to obtain nutrient soil; loading the nutrient soil into nutrient bags, transporting the nutrient soil to a seedling raising area, and arranging the nutrient soil into ridges, wherein the direction of the ridges is consistent with the direction of the seawater swelling and ebbing tide; wherein, the proportion of seawater, laterite, cow dung, sandy soil, calcium nitrate and calcium superphosphate is 0.3L: 75 kg: 40 kg: 15 kg: 2 kg: 3 kg;
s4, sowing
Sowing in a mode of adopting and sowing at any time; cleaning the collected hypocotyls with water, soaking in freshwater seawater with salinity of 9 per mill for 4.5h, soaking in 300 times of carbendazim solution for 5 min, and cleaning with water; during sowing, the nutrient soil is watered with water, and then the hypocotyls are inserted, wherein the ratio of the hypocotyls to the nutrient soil is 1: 0.5-1 kg, press the embryonic axis basal portion with the hand, make the embryonic axis fully laminate with nutrient soil, the embryonic axis depth of inserting is 2-4 centimetres, hide the shade with the sunshade net that the transmittance is 70% after the seeding is finished, after the seed grows out 2 ~ 3 true leaves, open the sunshade net gradually and refine the seedling, let the seedling slowly adapt to the growing environment that the sunshine is bare and sun, avoid the seedling to receive the direct solar radiation and burn the blade.
S5, seedling management
And (3) water and fertilizer management: in the initial stage of sowing, fresh water is irrigated for 3-5 times every day, the soil salinity is controlled to be 5-10 per thousand, after 2-3 true leaves grow out of the seeds, fresh water is irrigated for 2-3 times every day, and the soil salinity is controlled to be 18-28 per thousand; spraying amino acid foliar fertilizer for 1-2 times in a seedling stage, and applying base fertilizer for 5-8 times in a fast growth stage;
and (3) pest control: timely pulling out the diseased plant, spraying 1000 times of 75% chlorothalonil solution every 5-7 days for 3-4 times; the insect pest control is to artificially catch marine animals, trap and kill adults by arranging a trap lamp, and regularly spray insecticide;
s6, seedling hardening after outplanting: when the seedling grows to 60 cm in height, outplanting, stopping fertilizing one month before outplanting, controlling the soil salinity to be 25-30 per thousand, performing allopatric root cutting and temporary planting and seedling hardening after outplanting, hardening the seedlings for 30 days, irrigating fresh water for 400L/mu/time before temporary planting and hardening the seedlings for 7 days, irrigating fresh water for 300L/mu/time after 7 days, and periodically soaking the seawater; the number of times of irrigating fresh water is 1-2 times per day;
s7, afforestation: and (4) conveying the seedling after seedling exercising to a low tide beach near the bank for afforestation.
Comparative example 2
A Kandelia candel seedling growing method comprises the following steps:
s1, site selection and soil preparation
Selecting a nursery garden to be arranged on a low tide beach which is small in wind wave and can be periodically submerged by seawater in a estuary bay area; the nursery garden is provided with a seedling growing area, and the seedling growing area is subjected to soil preparation and disinfection treatment;
s2, selecting seeds
Collecting hypocotyls of local or peripheral Kandelia candel in nursery garden 12 months to 3 months in the next year, and selecting mature, fresh, disease and pest free and undifferentiated hypocotyls for seedling culture;
s3, treating the seedling culture substrate
Mixing the Kandelia candel leaching liquor, laterite, cow dung, sandy soil with sand content of 80-90%, calcium nitrate and calcium superphosphate, adding seawater, fully and uniformly stirring, covering with a film for composting, and decomposing to obtain nutrient soil; loading the nutrient soil into nutrient bags, transporting the nutrient soil to a seedling raising area, and arranging the nutrient soil into ridges, wherein the direction of the ridges is consistent with the direction of the seawater swelling and ebbing tide; wherein, the proportion of seawater, Kandelia candel leaching liquor, red soil, cow dung, sandy soil, calcium nitrate and calcium superphosphate is 0.3L: 1L: 75 kg: 40 kg: 15 kg: 2 kg: 3 kg;
the preparation method of the Kandelia candel leaching liquor comprises the following steps: selecting the rest hypocotyls in the step S2, cleaning, adding water with the weight 10 times that of the hypocotyls, heating to 90 ℃, cooking for 0.5h, adding perlite, continuing cooking for 0.5h, cooling to 40 ℃, adding the bark of Kandelia candel, continuing cooking for 30min, and filtering to obtain Kandelia candel leaching liquor; wherein the weight ratio of the embryonic axis, the perlite and the bark of the Kandelia candel is 1: 0.4: 0.2;
s4, sowing
Sowing in a mode of adopting and sowing at any time; cleaning the collected hypocotyls with water, soaking in water for 4.5h, soaking in 300 times of carbendazim solution for 5 min, and cleaning with water; during sowing, the nutrient soil is watered with water, and then the hypocotyls are inserted, wherein the ratio of the hypocotyls to the nutrient soil is 1: 0.5-1 kg, press the embryonic axis basal portion with the hand, make the embryonic axis fully laminate with nutrient soil, the embryonic axis depth of inserting is 2-4 centimetres, hide the shade with the sunshade net that the transmittance is 70% after the seeding is finished, after 5 ~ 6 true leaves of seed growth, open the sunshade net gradually and refine the seedling, let the seedling slowly adapt to the growing environment that the sunshine is bare and sun-cured, avoid the seedling to receive the direct solar radiation and burn the blade.
S5, seedling management
And (3) water and fertilizer management: in the initial stage of sowing, fresh water is irrigated for 3-5 times every day, the soil salinity is controlled to be 5-10 per thousand, after 5-6 true leaves grow out of the seeds, fresh water is irrigated for 2-3 times every day, and the soil salinity is controlled to be 15-22 per thousand; spraying amino acid foliar fertilizer for 1-2 times in a seedling stage, and applying base fertilizer for 5-8 times in a fast growth stage;
and (3) pest control: timely pulling out the diseased plant, spraying 1000 times of 75% chlorothalonil solution every 5-7 days for 3-4 times; the insect pest control is to artificially catch marine animals, trap and kill adults by arranging a trap lamp, and regularly spray insecticide;
s6, seedling hardening after outplanting: when the seedling grows to 60 cm in height, outplanting, stopping fertilizing one month before outplanting, controlling the soil salinity to be 15-25 per thousand, performing allopatric root cutting and temporary planting and seedling hardening after outplanting, hardening the seedlings for 30 days, irrigating fresh water for 400L/mu/time before temporary planting and hardening the seedlings for 7 days, irrigating fresh water for 300L/mu/time after 7 days, and periodically soaking the seawater; the number of times of irrigating fresh water is 1-2 times per day;
s7, afforestation: and (4) conveying the seedling after seedling exercising to a low tide beach near the bank for afforestation.
Examples of the experiments
In each example and comparative example, 300 hypocotyls are respectively taken for seedling culture, the survival rate of seedlings in each group is observed and recorded, and the survival rate, lodging rate and tannin content of seedlings after afforestation are tracked and recorded, and the results are shown in table 1;
the survival rate (%) of the seedlings is equal to the number of seedlings before outplanting/the number of sowing hypocotyls multiplied by 100%
Lodging rate (%) - (lodging number of seedlings after one year of afforestation/afforestation number of seedlings x 100%
The survival rate (%) of afforestation is equal to the number of surviving seedlings/number of afforestation seedlings after two years, multiplied by 100%
The tannin content determination method comprises the following steps: taking 3 Kandelia candel seedlings randomly selected, collecting leaves on branches with different heights, mixing and drying, grinding into powder, preparing a 10g/L sample solution with distilled water, taking 5mL of the sample solution, adding 20mL of distilled water, 1mL of ferric trichloride solution, 4mL of phenanthroline and 2mL of sodium acetate, finally supplementing to 50mL with distilled water, and measuring absorbance at 510 nm; and simultaneously, measuring by using a tannin standard solution according to the steps, drawing a standard curve by using the tannin content as an abscissa and the absorbance value as an ordinate, and calculating the tannin content according to the standard curve.
TABLE 1 Kandelia candel growth
| Group of | Survival rate of seedling (%) | Lodging percentage (%) | Survival rate of afforestation (%) | Tannin content (%) |
| Example 1 | 99.0 | 0.67 | 98.9 | 35.2 |
| Example 2 | 98.3 | 1.01 | 98.3 | 33.3 |
| Example 3 | 96.6 | 2.06 | 95.8 | 31.4 |
| Example 4 | 97.3 | 1.71 | 96.2 | 32.7 |
| Example 5 | 95.3 | 2.09 | 96.8 | 29.8 |
| Example 6 | 94.6 | 2.11 | 95.4 | 27.4 |
| Comparative example 1 | 88.6 | 5.63 | 89.4 | 21.9 |
| Comparative example 2 | 94.3 | 6.25 | 91.1 | 29.2 |
The experimental data show that the seedling survival rate and the tannin content can be improved, the lodging rate can be reduced, the afforestation survival rate can be improved, and the higher afforestation survival rate can be realized by the method for growing the Kandelia candel seedlings according to the embodiment 3-4, so that the Kandelia candel seedlings cultivated by the method have the good barrenness resistance and salt tolerance.
Wherein, the salinity of the fresh seawater used for soaking the embryonic axis in the example 5 is too high, and the survival rate of the seedlings is lower than that in the example 1; example 6 the preparation method of Kandelia candel leaching liquor is different from the invention, the survival rate of seedlings, the content of tannin and the survival rate of afforestation are lower than those of example 1, and the lodging rate is higher; comparative example 1 the Kandelia candel leaching liquor is not added when the nutrient soil is prepared, the survival rate of seedlings, the content of tannin and the survival rate of afforestation are lower than those of the embodiment, and the lodging rate is high; comparative example 2 no soaking in fresh seawater after collecting hypocotyls, different culture conditions, lower survival rate of Kandelia candel seedlings and high lodging rate.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A method for raising seedlings of Kandelia candel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, site selection and soil preparation
Selecting a nursery land on a low tidal flat; the nursery garden is provided with a seedling growing area, and the seedling growing area is subjected to soil preparation and disinfection treatment;
s2, selecting seeds
Collecting hypocotyls from 12 months per year to 3 months per year, and selecting mature and undifferentiated hypocotyls of radicles for seedling culture;
s3, treating the seedling culture substrate
Mixing Kandelia candel leaching liquor, laterite, animal manure, sandy soil, calcium nitrate and calcium superphosphate, adding seawater, stirring uniformly, composting, and decomposing to obtain nutrient soil; loading the nutrient soil into nutrient bags, transporting the nutrient soil to a seedling raising area, and arranging the nutrient soil into ridges, wherein the direction of the ridges is consistent with the direction of the seawater swelling and ebbing tide;
s4, sowing
Cleaning the collected hypocotyls with water, soaking the hypocotyls in fresh seawater for 4-5 hours, disinfecting, and cleaning with water; watering the nutrient soil with water during sowing, inserting the nutrient soil into the embryonic axis with the inserting depth of 2-4 cm, shading with a shading net after sowing, and opening the shading net after 2-3 true leaves grow out;
s5, seedling management
And (3) water and fertilizer management: in the initial stage of sowing, fresh water is irrigated every day, the salinity of the soil is controlled to be 5-10 per thousand, and after 2-3 true leaves grow out of the seeds, the salinity of the soil is controlled to be 18-28 per thousand; spraying amino acid foliar fertilizer in the seedling stage, and applying base fertilizer in the fast growing stage;
and (3) pest control: spraying chlorothalonil; the insect pest control is to artificially catch marine animals, a trap lamp is arranged, and insecticide is sprayed regularly;
s6, seedling hardening after outplanting: when the growth height of the seedlings is 50-80 cm, outplanting, stopping fertilizing one month before outplanting, controlling the salinity of the soil to be 25-30 per thousand, and performing root cutting and heeling seedling hardening after outplanting;
s7, afforestation: and (4) conveying the seedling after seedling hardening to a forestation place to start forestation.
2. The method for growing seedlings of Kandelia candel as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3, the ratio of seawater, Kandelia candel leaching solution, red soil, animal waste, sandy soil, calcium nitrate and calcium superphosphate is (0.2-0.3) L: 1L: (60-80) kg: (20-40) kg: (10-15) kg: (1.2-2.5) kg: (1.5-3) kg.
3. A method for growing Kandelia candel seedlings according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method for preparing the Kandelia candel leaching solution comprises the following steps: selecting the rest hypocotyls in the step S2, cleaning, adding water with the weight being 10-12 times that of the hypocotyls, heating to 80-100 ℃, cooking for 0.5-1 h, adding perlite, continuing to cook for 0.5-1 h, cooling to 40-50 ℃, adding the bark of the Kandelia candel branches, continuing to cook for 20-30 min, and filtering to obtain a Kandelia candel leaching solution; wherein the weight ratio of the embryonic axis, the perlite and the bark of the Kandelia candel is 1: (0.3-0.4): (0.1-0.3).
4. The Kandelia candel seedling raising method according to claim 2, wherein the sandy soil is sandy soil with a sand content of 80-90%.
5. The Kandelia candel seedling growing method according to claim 1, wherein the salinity of the freshwater sea water is 8-10 ‰.
6. The Kandelia candel seedling raising method according to claim 1, wherein the disinfection is to soak hypocotyls in a carbendazim or chlorothalonil solution for 5-6 minutes.
7. The Kandelia candel seedling raising method according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the ratio of hypocotyl to nutrient soil is 1: 0.5-1 kg.
8. The method for growing seedlings of Kandelia candel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spraying of chlorothalonil is to spray 75% of chlorothalonil 800-1000 times of liquid every 5-7 days for 3-4 times.
9. The Kandelia candel seedling raising method according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, fresh water is poured for 400-600L/mu/time 7 days before rooting and hardening, and fresh water is poured for 300-500L/mu/time 7 days later, so that seawater is periodically submerged; the number of times of irrigating fresh water is 1-2 times per day.
10. The Kandelia candel seedling raising method according to claim 1, wherein the seedling hardening time is 30-35 days.
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| CN109429860A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-03-08 | 张宏亮 | The method for culturing seedlings of plant autumn solanberry reality in mangrove |
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| CN103283475A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-09-11 | 陆英杰 | Seedling culture method for mangroves |
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| CN113841558A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-12-28 | 海南三友海洋科技有限公司 | Seedling growing method for positive mangrove |
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| CN115088516A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-09-23 | 海南省智慧环境投资控股有限公司 | Mangrove seedling cultivation system and method |
| CN115088516B (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2024-04-12 | 海南省智慧环境投资控股有限公司 | Mangrove seedling cultivation system and method |
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