CN113170715A - Soil for culturing potato seedlings and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Soil for culturing potato seedlings and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/17—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing slag
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention provides soil for culturing potato seedlings and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of potato planting. The soil for culturing the potato seedlings is divided into three layers: the upper layer is vermiculite, the middle layer is a granular culture medium, and the bottom layer is nutrient soil; the granular culture medium consists of straws, plant ash and furnace slag; the nutrient soil consists of soil and fertilizer. The bottom layer nutrient soil consists of soil and fertilizer, and provides constant-value conditions and nutrient substances for the growth and development of the potato seedlings; the middle layer is a granular culture medium consisting of straws, plant ash and furnace slag, vermiculite is partially replaced by the granular culture medium to reduce cost, and after the waste straws, plant ash and furnace slag are prepared into the granular culture medium, the residual nutrient substances, hormones and the like can be reused; the vermiculite is used as the upper layer, so that the air permeability and the water content of soil can be improved, a buffering effect is achieved, the rapid change of the pH value is prevented, and the healthy growth of the potato seedlings is protected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of potato planting, in particular to soil for culturing potato seedlings and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Potatoes belong to solanaceae perennial herbaceous plants, tubers of which are edible, are the fourth most important grain crops in the world, and are second only to wheat, rice and corn. The potatoes planted by the traditional potato cultivation method have the problems of more plant diseases and insect pests, poor quality and the like, so that the yield of the potatoes is difficult to improve. The sexual propagation of potato is carried out by self-bearing seeds, which can propagate the offspring one after another like gramineous crops. The seeds are virus-free, the seeds are picked from healthy plants without degeneration symptoms, and the cultured seedlings are basically virus-free.
The cultivation of seedling seeds into seedlings is a necessary way for breeding potatoes, and is a sexual propagation stage, and the seedling generation begins to generate variation. In the seedling group, the characters of the parents filial generation are rich and diverse, and the variation characters can be fixed by the asexual propagation of tubers and can be transmitted by generations. However, due to the influence of various external conditions, the conventional breeding of the potatoes has low hybrid seed setting rate, and the cultured seedlings are the key of the breeding of the potatoes. However, the growth of seedlings requires strict requirements on culture soil, and the soil is required to provide nutrients required for growth and cannot carry harmful substances such as viruses.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides soil for culturing potato seedlings, which comprises three layers: the upper layer is vermiculite, the middle layer is a granular culture medium, and the bottom layer is nutrient soil;
the granular culture medium consists of straws, plant ash and furnace slag; the nutrient soil consists of soil and fertilizer.
The soil for culturing the potato seedlings is composed of three layers of different structures, each layer contains different components, and the bottom layer nutrient soil is composed of soil and fertilizer, so that constant-value conditions and nutrient substances are provided for the growth and development of the potato seedlings; the middle layer is a granular culture medium consisting of straws, plant ash and furnace slag, vermiculite is partially replaced by the granular culture medium to reduce cost, and after the waste straws, plant ash and furnace slag are prepared into the granular culture medium, the residual nutrient substances, hormones and the like can be reused; the vermiculite is used as the upper layer, so that the air permeability and the water content of soil can be improved, a buffering effect is achieved, the rapid change of the pH value is prevented, and the healthy growth of the potato seedlings is protected.
Further, on the basis of the technical scheme provided by the invention, the particle culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of straw, 12-18 parts of plant ash and 8-15 parts of furnace slag.
Illustratively, the particle culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of straw, 18 parts of plant ash and 8 parts of furnace slag.
Illustratively, the particle culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of straw, 12 parts of plant ash and 15 parts of furnace slag.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the granular culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of straw, 15 parts of plant ash and 10 parts of furnace slag.
Further, on the basis of the technical scheme provided by the invention, the particle size of the granular culture medium is 5-8mm, and/or the thickness is 1.2-2.5 cm.
Illustratively, the particle size of the granular medium is 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, preferably 6 mm. The thickness of the granular medium is 1.2cm, 1.5cm, 1.6cm, 1.8cm, 2.0cm, 2.2cm, 2.5cm, preferably 2.0 cm.
The reasonable proportion of the straw, the plant ash and the furnace slag, and the particle size and the thickness of the components are adjusted, so that the price cost and the nutrient substances of the medium-layer particle culture medium can be improved, and the growth of the potato seedlings is facilitated.
Further, on the basis of the technical scheme provided by the invention, the particle size of the vermiculite is 3-5mm, and/or the thickness of the vermiculite is 3-6 cm.
Illustratively, the particle size of the vermiculite is 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, 4.5mm, 5mm, and the thickness is 3cm, 4cm, 5cm, 6cm, preferably 4 mm.
The vermiculite has good cation exchange performance and adsorptivity, and can improve the structure of soil; the vermiculite can also provide K, Mg, Ca and Fe contained in the vermiculite and trace elements such as Mn, Cu, Zn and the like to crops. The water absorption, cation exchange property and chemical component characteristics of the vermiculite ensure that the upper layer of the vermiculite has multiple functions of fertilizer retention, water storage, air permeability, mineral fertilizer and the like.
Further, on the basis of the technical scheme provided by the invention, the soil in the nutrient soil comprises yellow cotton soil and sandy loam; preferably, the mass ratio of the yellow cotton soil to the sandy loam is 2 (3-5).
Illustratively, the mass ratio of the yellow cotton soil to the sandy loam is 2:3, 2:4 and 2: 5. Further, on the basis of the technical scheme provided by the invention, the particle size of the nutrient soil is 1-2 mm, and the thickness of the nutrient soil is 10-12 cm.
Illustratively, the particle size of the nutrient soil is 1mm and 2mm, and the thickness of the nutrient soil is 10cm, 11cm and 12 cm.
The preferable soil is yellow cotton soil, sandy loam soil and the proportion of the yellow cotton soil and the sandy loam soil, and the grain diameter and the thickness of the bottom layer nutrient soil can improve the components and the nutrient content of the bottom layer nutrient soil and promote the growth of the potato seedlings.
Further, on the basis of the technical scheme provided by the invention, the fertilizer consists of manure, a zymophyte agent and bean dregs.
Furthermore, the mass ratio of the manure, the zymophyte and the bean dregs in the fertilizer is 1 (0.1-0.2) to 0.8-1.5.
Illustratively, the mass ratio of the manure, the zymophyte and the bean dregs is 1:0.1:1.5, 1:0.1:1, 1:0.1:0.8, 1:0.2:1, 1:0.2:1.2 and 1:0.2: 1.5.
Further, the manure is selected from at least two of pig manure, chicken manure, rabbit manure, cattle manure and horse manure.
Further, the fermentation bacteria agent is at least two selected from yeast, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus, actinomycetes and azotobacter.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the mass ratio of the manure, the zymophyte and the bean dregs in the fertilizer is 1:0.1: 1.2; wherein the manure is composed of pig manure and chicken manure, and the fermentation microbial inoculum is composed of yeast, lactobacillus and bacillus.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing soil for culturing potato seedlings, comprising the steps of:
(a) uniformly mixing the components and the content of the nutrient soil, and then paving the nutrient soil on a lower layer;
(b) mixing the straws, plant ash and furnace slag in the medium-layer granular culture medium according to a proportion and paving the mixture on the upper layer of the nutrient soil;
(c) vermiculite is uniformly spread on the surface of the granular culture medium.
The preparation method of the soil for culturing the potato seedlings is simple and easy to operate, is convenient for industrial popularization, and reduces the breeding cost of the potatoes.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing soil for cultivating potato seedlings comprises the steps of:
(1) uniformly mixing the components and the content of the nutrient soil, and then paving the mixture on a lower layer, wherein the particle size of the nutrient soil is 1-2 mm, and the thickness of the nutrient soil is 10-12 cm; the nutrient soil consists of soil and fertilizer; the soil comprises yellow cotton soil and sandy loam, and the mass ratio of the yellow cotton soil to the sandy loam is 2 (3-5); the fertilizer comprises manure, zymophyte and bean dregs;
(2) mixing the straws, plant ash and furnace slag in the medium-layer granular culture medium according to a proportion and paving the mixture on the upper layer of the nutrient soil; the particle size of the granular culture medium is 5-8mm, and the thickness is 1.2-2.5 cm;
(3) uniformly spreading vermiculite with a particle diameter of 3-5mm and/or a thickness of 3-6cm on the surface of the granular culture medium.
In a third aspect, the invention provides the use of soil for growing potato seedlings in the cultivation of potato seedlings.
The invention adopts the technical scheme and has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the soil for culturing the potato seedlings provided by the invention is composed of three layers of different structures, and the bottom layer nutrient soil is composed of soil and fertilizer, so that a constant value condition and nutrient substances are provided for the growth and development of the potato seedlings; the middle layer is a granular culture medium consisting of straws, plant ash and furnace slag, vermiculite is partially replaced by the granular culture medium to reduce cost, and after the waste straws, plant ash and furnace slag are prepared into the granular culture medium, the residual nutrient substances, hormones and the like can be reused; the vermiculite is used as the upper layer, so that the air permeability and the water content of soil can be improved, a buffering effect is achieved, the rapid change of the pH value is prevented, and the healthy growth of the potato seedlings is protected.
(2) The preparation method of the soil for culturing the potato seedlings, provided by the invention, is simple and easy to operate, is convenient for industrial popularization, and reduces the breeding cost of potatoes.
Detailed Description
Unless defined otherwise, all scientific and technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
The invention is described in detail below with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the invention.
In the following examples, manure was composed of pig manure and chicken manure, and fermentation inoculum was composed of yeast, lactic acid bacteria, and bacillus.
Example 1
The soil for culturing potato seedlings is divided into three layers: the upper layer is vermiculite, the middle layer is a granular culture medium, and the bottom layer is nutrient soil; wherein the particle size of the vermiculite is 3mm, and the thickness of the upper layer is 6 cm; the particle size of the granular culture medium is 5mm, and the thickness of the middle layer is 2.5 cm; the particle size of the nutrient soil is 1mm, and the thickness is 12 cm;
the granular culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of straw, 18 parts of plant ash and 8 parts of furnace slag;
the nutrient soil consists of soil and fertilizer, wherein the soil comprises yellow cotton soil and sandy loam, and the mass ratio of the yellow cotton soil to the sandy loam is 2: 3; the fertilizer consists of manure, zymophyte and bean dregs according to the proportion of 1:0.1: 1.5;
the soil for culturing the potato seedlings comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing the components and the content of the nutrient soil, and then paving the nutrient soil on a lower layer;
(2) mixing the straws, plant ash and furnace slag in the medium-layer granular culture medium according to a proportion and paving the mixture on the upper layer of the nutrient soil;
(3) vermiculite is uniformly spread on the surface of the granular culture medium.
Example 2
The soil for culturing potato seedlings is divided into three layers: the upper layer is vermiculite, the middle layer is a granular culture medium, and the bottom layer is nutrient soil; wherein the particle size of the vermiculite is 5mm, and the thickness of the upper layer is 3 cm; the particle size of the granular culture medium is 8mm, and the thickness of the middle layer is 1.2 cm; the particle size of the nutrient soil is 2mm, and the thickness is 10 cm;
the granular culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of straw, 12 parts of plant ash and 15 parts of furnace slag;
the nutrient soil consists of soil and fertilizer, wherein the soil comprises yellow cotton soil and sandy loam, and the mass ratio of the yellow cotton soil to the sandy loam is 2: 5; the fertilizer consists of manure, zymophyte and bean dregs according to the proportion of 1:0.2: 0.8.
The preparation method is the same as that of example 1.
Example 3
The soil for culturing potato seedlings is divided into three layers: the upper layer is vermiculite, the middle layer is a granular culture medium, and the bottom layer is nutrient soil; wherein the particle size of the vermiculite is 4mm, and the thickness of the upper layer is 5 cm; the particle size of the granular culture medium is 6mm, and the thickness of the middle layer is 2 cm; the particle size of the nutrient soil is 2mm, and the thickness is 12 cm;
the granular culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of straw, 15 parts of plant ash and 10 parts of furnace slag;
the nutrient soil consists of soil and fertilizer, wherein the soil comprises yellow cotton soil and sandy loam, and the mass ratio of the yellow cotton soil to the sandy loam is 2: 5; the fertilizer consists of manure, zymophyte and bean dregs in the ratio of 1 to 0.1 to 1.2.
The preparation method is the same as that of example 1.
Example 4
The difference from the example 3 is that the granular culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of straw, 20 parts of plant ash and 5 parts of furnace slag.
Example 5
The difference from the example 3 is that the granular culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 18 parts of plant ash and 8 parts of furnace slag.
Example 6
The difference from example 3 is that the mass ratio of yellow cotton soil to sandy loam soil is 2: 10.
Example 7
The difference from example 3 is that an equal amount of yellow cotton soil was substituted for sandy loam.
Example 8
The difference from the embodiment 3 is that the mass ratio of the manure, the zymophyte agent and the bean dregs in the fertilizer is 1:0.3: 0.5.
Example 9
The difference from example 3 is that in the fertilizer, the same amount of manure replaces the fermentation inoculum.
Comparative example 1
A soil for culturing potato seedlings is divided into two layers: the upper layer is vermiculite and the bottom layer is nutrient soil; wherein the particle size of the vermiculite is 4mm, and the thickness of the upper layer is 7 cm; the particle size of the nutrient soil is 2mm, and the thickness is 12 cm;
the nutrient soil consists of soil and fertilizer, wherein the soil comprises yellow cotton soil and sandy loam, and the mass ratio of the yellow cotton soil to the sandy loam is 2: 5; the fertilizer consists of manure, zymophyte and bean dregs in the ratio of 1 to 0.1 to 1.2.
The preparation method is similar to example 1, and the process of filling the particle culture medium is removed.
Experimental example verification of the Effect of soil for culturing Potato seedlings
First, culture potato seedling
(1) And (3) germination acceleration of the seedling seeds: and (3) putting the dormant potato seeds into a culture dish for accelerating germination, and carrying out dibbling seedling in a seedling tray when the length of a bud tip is 1-3 mm.
Pouring clean peanut seeds into a prepared funnel with filter paper, draining, airing the filter paper adhered with the peanut seeds in a ventilated place to fully evaporate water, and storing indoors.
Putting the proper amount of dormant seedling seeds on absorbent paper in a culture dish, adding a proper amount of warm water at 25-35 ℃, covering the culture dish for moisturizing, placing for 12-24 hours, supplementing water for 1 time by using a sprayer every 3 hours so as to prevent the water in the filter paper from volatilizing to influence the germination rate of the seeds, and sowing when the seeds are exposed to the white, wherein the optimal dibbling time is that the length of the bud tip is 1-3 mm.
(2) Sowing and seedling raising: buckling a greenhouse film in the last ten days of 3 months, adopting a plastic hole type seedling raising tray, placing nutrient soil with fertilizer in each hole, dibbling one seed in each hole, poking a small hole with the diameter of 1.2-1.6 cm and the depth of 2.5-3 cm in each hole by using a small wood stick during dibbling, and sowing one seed in each hole by using a toothpick; and lightly covering soil after sowing, inserting a combined number plate, placing on the ground surface of the greenhouse, watering by using a watering can, watering once every 2 days to permeate water, constantly paying attention to temperature and humidity changes to keep the soil moist, and preferably keeping the indoor temperature between 25 and 30 ℃ and the humidity between 70 and 80 percent.
(3) And (5) when the seedlings grow to 3-4 true leaves, obtaining the potato seedlings.
Secondly, culturing the potato seedlings
The potato seedlings obtained in the first step were divided into 10 groups of 20 seedlings, each of which was individually potted in the soil for cultivating potato seedlings as provided in examples 1 to 9 and comparative example 1, and the groups were cultivated for 90 days while maintaining the same temperature (25 to 28 ℃), humidity (70 to 80%) and watering amount (50 ml for 3 days).
After 90 days, the survival rate of 10 groups of potato seedlings and the survival rate of the mature plants cultured and grown in the transplanted field are counted respectively, and the experimental results are shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1
| Group of | Survival rate of potato seedlings (%) | Survival rate of mature potato plant (%) |
| Example 1 | 95% | 85% |
| Example 2 | 95% | 90% |
| Example 3 | 95% | 95% |
| Example 4 | 85% | 80% |
| Example 5 | 80% | 85% |
| Example 6 | 85% | 75% |
| Example 7 | 85% | 80% |
| Example 8 | 90% | 75% |
| Example 9 | 80% | 85% |
| Comparative example 1 | 70% | 60% |
As can be seen from the results in table 1, the soil for cultivating potato seedlings provided in example 3 of the present invention exhibited the best effect of cultivating potato seedlings, and the potato seedlings were allowed to have a high survival rate before and after transplantation. Moreover, the components and contents of the granular culture medium layer and the components and contents of the nutrient soil layer all affect the use effect of the soil for culturing the potato seedlings.
Further, it was observed that the potato seedlings using the soil of examples 1 to 3 grew well, and the plant height and health condition were better than those of the other examples and comparative examples.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and the like that are within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Soil for culturing potato seedlings is characterized by being divided into three layers: the upper layer is vermiculite, the middle layer is a granular culture medium, and the bottom layer is nutrient soil;
the granular culture medium consists of straws, plant ash and furnace slag;
the nutrient soil consists of soil and fertilizer.
2. The soil of claim 1, wherein the granular culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of straw, 12-18 parts of plant ash and 8-15 parts of furnace slag.
3. Soil according to claim 1, wherein the granular culture medium has a particle size of 5-8mm and/or a thickness of 1.2-2.5 cm.
4. Soil according to claim 1, wherein said vermiculite has a particle size of 3-5mm and/or a thickness of 3-6 cm.
5. The soil of claim 1, wherein said nutrient soil comprises yellow cotton soil and sandy loam; preferably, the mass ratio of the yellow cotton soil to the sandy loam is 2 (3-5).
6. The soil according to claim 1, wherein the nutrient soil has a particle size of 1 to 2mm and/or a thickness of 10 to 12 cm.
7. The soil of claim 1, wherein the fertilizer consists of manure, a fermentation inoculum, okara;
preferably, in the fertilizer, the mass ratio of the manure, the zymophyte and the bean dregs is 1 (0.1-0.2) to 0.8-1.5.
8. The soil of claim 7, wherein said manure is selected from at least two of pig manure, chicken manure, rabbit manure, cow manure, horse manure;
the fermentation bacteria agent is at least two of yeast, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus, actinomycetes and azotobacter.
9. The method for preparing a soil for cultivating potato seedlings as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
(a) uniformly mixing the components and the content of the nutrient soil, and then paving the nutrient soil on a lower layer;
(b) mixing the straws, plant ash and furnace slag in the medium-layer granular culture medium according to a proportion and paving the mixture on the upper layer of the nutrient soil;
(c) vermiculite is uniformly spread on the surface of the granular culture medium.
10. Use of the soil for cultivating potato seedlings as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, or the soil obtained by the preparation method as claimed in claim 9, for cultivating potato seedlings.
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