CN113133373B - Arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient medium and application - Google Patents
Arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient medium and application Download PDFInfo
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- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241001464837 Viridiplantae Species 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000018291 probiotics Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- LXKCHCXZBPLTAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole phosphate Chemical group OP(O)(O)=O.CC1=CNN=C1C LXKCHCXZBPLTAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- GXCLVBGFBYZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-N-methylprop-2-en-1-amine Chemical compound CN(CCC1=CNC2=C1C=CC=C2)CC=C GXCLVBGFBYZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000004922 Vigna radiata Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010721 Vigna radiata var radiata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011469 Vigna radiata var sublobata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 208000012868 Overgrowth Diseases 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000007686 potassium Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
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- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 240000000163 Cycas revoluta Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000008601 Cycas revoluta Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- DCUJJWWUNKIJPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrapyrin Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)=N1 DCUJJWWUNKIJPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008121 plant development Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002688 soil aggregate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000218645 Cedrus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000721662 Juniperus Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000005308 Juniperus chinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011609 Pinus massoniana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018650 Pinus massoniana Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000218998 Salicaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000124033 Salix Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyandiamide Chemical compound NC(N)=NC#N QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 nitrate ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000035790 physiological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention discloses a arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient medium and application thereof, and aims to solve the problems that the arbor and shrub transplanted in the prior urban greening grow excessively, need to be frequently trimmed, have large workload of workers, and have over-developed plant root systems in the processes of roof greening and container transplanting arbor and shrub, and influence the roof or cause container damage. The material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of selenium soil, 2-5 parts of fly ash, 0.01-0.1 part of microbial fertilizer, 0.05-0.3 part of inhibitor, 2-10 parts of perlite, 2-20 parts of vermiculite, 0.05-0.2 part of urea and 3-5 parts of potassium feldspar. The plant growth rate is effectively controlled under the premise of ensuring normal survival of plants through controlling the nutrient matrix components, and overgrowth of the plants is avoided, so that pruning workload of workers is greatly reduced, and the problem of roof or container damage caused by overdevelopment of plant root systems is effectively alleviated. The nutrient medium has reasonable components and can realize effective control of plant growth.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of gardens, in particular to the field of garden plant growth, and specifically relates to a arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrition matrix and application thereof. More specifically, provided herein is a nutrient substrate for regulating the growth rate of arbor, shrub and uses thereof. The nutrient substrate can control the growth speed of the arbor and shrub on the premise of ensuring the survival of the arbor and shrub, reduce the pruning cost of later-stage plants, and has higher application value.
Background
In recent years, with the acceleration of urban construction process in China, the demand for urban greening is also increasing. By planting green plants in cities, the air quality can be effectively treated and improved. Currently, commonly used urban afforestation generally includes roof greening, road greening, community greening, landscape greening and the like. Wherein, the arbor and shrub are the main body of urban afforestation.
In the greening process of cities and communities, a mode of transplanting arbor and/or shrubs is generally adopted, and the transplanted arbor and/or shrubs are cultivated by taking the original soil of the communities as a nutrition matrix. The inventors found in practice the following problems: 1) After the transplanted shrubs survive, the shrubs grow faster and need to be trimmed once in about half a year; 2) After the transplanted arbor in the district survives for two to five years, overgrowth can occur, the light of the low-floor householder of the district is seriously influenced, and corresponding pruning or felling is needed. In addition, in the greening process of the roof, the root system of the plant is developed, the problems of root channeling and increasing the bearing of the roof often occur, and the safety of the roof is affected. When arbor and shrub are planted in the container, the developed plant root system may damage the container.
For this reason, a new method and/or substrate is urgently needed to solve the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The inventors have conducted previous investigation and study to solve the above problems. During investigation, the inventors found that existing control of plant growth, mainly by illumination or nutrition, promotes rapid growth of plants. Among them, the main measure of the prior art for promoting the rapid growth of plants is to adopt soil improvement. The soil improvement generally adopts measures such as deep ploughing and curing, soil dressing improvement, earthing up, sand doping, organic fertilizer application and the like to improve the fertility of the soil and improve the structure and physicochemical properties of the soil.
However, there are few studies on how to control slow growth of plants. After analysis, the inventor considers that two factors influencing the growth of urban shrubs are mainly: illumination and substrate. Wherein, the illumination belongs to external conditions, and the difficulty of independent control is high; therefore, the substrate is used as a key for solving the control of plant growth. The inventor starts from zero because of lack of corresponding references, and finally obtains the technical scheme of the application through long-term research based on control of plant root systems and plant growth heights.
The invention aims at: aiming at the problems that the growth of transplanted arbor and shrub is excessive in the current urban greening, the pruning is needed frequently, the workload of workers is large, and the root system of plants is too developed to influence the roof or cause the damage of containers in the process of roof greening and container transplanting arbor and shrub, the arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient medium and the application are provided. The plant growth rate is effectively controlled under the premise of ensuring normal survival of plants through controlling the nutrient matrix components, and overgrowth of the plants is avoided, so that pruning workload of workers is greatly reduced, and the problem of roof or container damage caused by overdevelopment of plant root systems is effectively alleviated. The nutrient medium has reasonable components, can realize effective control of plant growth, reduces the subsequent maintenance cost of green plants, and has higher application value.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient substrate is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of selenium soil, 2-5 parts of fly ash, 0.01-0.1 part of microbial fertilizer, 0.05-0.3 part of inhibitor, 2-10 parts of perlite, 2-20 parts of vermiculite, 0.05-0.2 part of urea and 3-5 parts of potassium feldspar.
The microbial fertilizer is prepared by mixing 1-2 parts by weight of composite probiotics, 20-35 parts by weight of microbial inoculum nutrient and 5-10 parts by weight of water, and standing for 1-5 days at room temperature; the microbial inoculum nutrient is plant starch.
The microbial inoculum nutrient is one or more of potato soaked powder, mung bean starch, malt soaked powder and corn starch.
The composite probiotics are potassium bacteria and phosphorus bacteria according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.2-3.
The inhibitor is a nitrification inhibitor.
The inhibitor is 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphoric acid.
The matrix is prepared by a method comprising the following steps: weighing the components according to the proportion, and uniformly mixing.
The application of the arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient matrix.
The nutritional matrix is used as growth medium for arbor and shrub.
When the nutrient substrate is used for the growth of the street tree, the operation is as follows:
(1) Digging a cultivation pit in a region to be transplanted;
(2) Spreading a layer of arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrition matrix at the bottom of the cultivation pit;
(3) After the step 2 is completed, placing the street tree to be transplanted into a cultivation pit paved with arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient matrixes, filling the arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient matrixes into the cultivation pit, and fixing the street tree through the arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient matrixes; after fixing, watering to finish the cultivation of the street tree;
and (5) watering and maintaining at regular intervals.
When the nutrient substrate is used for roof green plant growth, the following operation is carried out:
(a) After the roof is provided with the protective layer, paving a layer of arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrition matrix on the surface of the protective layer;
(b) C, after the step a is completed, planting the green plants to be transplanted on a tiled arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient medium, and fixing the green plants through the arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient medium; after fixation, watering to finish the cultivation of green plants;
and (5) watering and maintaining at regular intervals.
When the nutrient medium is used for plant growth in a container, the nutrient medium is operated as follows: placing the green plants to be transplanted into a container, filling arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient matrixes into the container to serve as culture soil, providing nutrition for the green plants in the container through the arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient matrixes, and fixing the green plants through the arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient matrixes; after fixation, watering to finish the cultivation of green plants; and (5) watering and maintaining at regular intervals.
In view of the foregoing, the present application is directed to a arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient substrate and application. As previously mentioned, the major factors affecting plant growth include extrinsic conditions and the substrate of plant growth; among them, external conditions (including temperature, light, moisture, etc.) are difficult to control, and the substrate becomes a key for plant growth. On the other hand, the use of a nutrient medium also requires maintenance of the normal survival of the plant, ensuring its necessary nutrient supply. Therefore, the supply and control of nutrients to plant growth by the nutrient substrate is a difficult problem.
For this reason, the inventors have made improvements in the composition of the nutritional matrix through experimental studies. In the application, selenium soil, fly ash, perlite and vermiculite are taken as main components, and microbial fertilizer, inhibitor, urea and potassium feldspar are added to prepare the arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient matrix by mixing. In the application, the selenium soil is taken as a basic component, can play a role of a binder, and the selenium contained in the selenium soil can improve the disease resistance of plants and play a role in preventing plant diseases; the fly ash plays roles of inhibiting mould and sterilizing, so that the normal growth of plants is ensured; the perlite is used for adjusting matrix hardening, controlling fertilizer efficiency and fertility, and keeping air permeability and water permeability of the matrix; vermiculite can regulate soil, keep matrix wet, improve matrix structure, store water and preserve soil moisture, and improve air permeability and water content of matrix; urea is used as a nitrogenous fertilizer, which can provide necessary nutrients for plant growth. Meanwhile, the potassium feldspar contains silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, potassium oxide and the like, is in particle package, is favorable for keeping the air permeability of a matrix, and provides a required potassium fertilizer for plant growth; the inhibitor is a nitrification inhibitor which is matched with urea, so that the speed of converting urea into nitrate nitrogen is prolonged, a great increase of nitrate ions in a short period is avoided, the accumulation of potassium ions in soil is reduced, and the soil acidification phenomenon is avoided (preferably, 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphoric acid (DMPP for short) is adopted as the inhibitor, and the hydrolysis process of urea is slowed down through the cooperation of the inhibitor with urea and potassium feldspar, so that the slow release of potassium fertilizer can be realized, the conversion of ammonia nitrogen into nitrate nitrogen is inhibited, the accumulation of potassium ions in soil is reduced, and the nitrification is controlled); the absorption effect of the potassium feldspar, the perlite and the vermiculite can reduce the loss and volatilization of nutrient substances in the matrix, and improve the utilization rate of the whole fertilizer. In addition, the microbial fertilizer is added, and the microbial fertilizer is obtained after the composite probiotics, the microbial inoculum nutrient and water are mixed and then are stood for 1-5 days at room temperature; in the process, plant starch is used as a nutrient to culture the composite probiotics, and stable flora is established. And then, uniformly mixing the microbial fertilizer with other components to obtain the arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient matrix. In the matrix, potassium-decomposing bacteria can act with potassium feldspar, so that insoluble nutrient elements such as potassium, phosphorus and the like are promoted to be converted into soluble nutrients, the nutrient content in soil is increased, and the growth and development requirements of plants are met; the phosphorus is taken as an important material basis for plant growth and development, the phosphorus absorption amount of crops has a remarkable relation with the growth of the crops, perlite, vermiculite, potassium feldspar and the like are taken as the basis, and the phosphate solubilizing bacteria are taken as the auxiliary materials, so that insoluble phosphorus is converted into soluble nutrients through interaction, and further phosphorus elements required by the plant growth and development are ensured; meanwhile, the substrate can have the effects of water retention and fertilizer retention through the cooperation of the components.
The nutrient substrate provides nutrition for green plants in the early growth stage of plants through a small amount of soluble urea and selenium soil, and the requirement of early growth of the plants is ensured; after the plant grows stably, the soluble nutrients in the matrix are also consumed, and at the moment, the matrix and the plant roots form stable microbial colonies; the slow release of nutrients such as potassium, phosphorus and the like is realized through the interaction of microbial fertilizers in microbial colonies with perlite, vermiculite and potassium feldspar; selenium in the selenium soil is absorbed by plants and then converted into organic selenium, so that the effect of disease resistance on plant bridges can be achieved, and normal growth of green plants is ensured; the inhibitor can reduce the accumulation of potassium ions in soil, avoid the occurrence of soil acidification, maintain the growth environment of green plants, promote the formation of soil aggregate structure, improve the water content of the soil and reduce the nutrient transport resistance. Through actual measurement, the method can greatly control the growth speed of plants, simplify the subsequent green plant maintenance operation, reduce the labor maintenance cost, reduce the growth speed of the green plant roots of the roof and the green plant roots of the container, and effectively alleviate the problem of roof or container damage caused by over developed plant roots.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) According to the method, on the premise of meeting the plant growth requirement, the plant growth speed can be controlled, and the maintenance cost of subsequent green planting is reduced;
(2) In the arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient medium, soil aggregates are uniform, so that good water and fertilizer retention effects can be achieved, and normal growth of plants is ensured;
(3) In the arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient matrix, the interaction among the components can improve the response adsorption force and the nutrient utilization rate in the matrix;
(4) The components of the application cannot pollute the environment, can be repeatedly used, and have a good effect;
(5) The components of the application can reduce plant diseases and insect pests and promote plant growth;
(6) The application has reasonable components and low cost, can meet the requirement of urban greening, and has higher application value;
(7) The method can perform double regulation and control on the external traits and the internal physiological processes of the plants, and has a good control effect.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in a method or process disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving the same or equivalent purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, each feature is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features, unless expressly stated otherwise.
Example 1
Weighing the following components in parts by weight: 22 parts of selenium soil, 4 parts of fly ash, 0.05 part of microbial fertilizer, 0.25 part of inhibitor, 5 parts of perlite, 15 parts of vermiculite, 0.15 part of urea and 5 parts of potassium feldspar. In this example, the microbial fertilizer was obtained by mixing 1.5 parts by weight of the composite probiotics, 30 parts by weight of the microbial inoculum nutrient and 10 parts by weight of water, and then standing at room temperature for 5 days. In the composite probiotics, the mass ratio of potassium bacteria and phosphorus bacteria is 2.0; the microbial inoculum nutrient is potato soaked powder; the inhibitor adopts 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate.
Example 2
Weighing the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of selenium soil, 5 parts of fly ash, 0.08 part of microbial fertilizer, 0.20 part of inhibitor, 9 parts of perlite, 10 parts of vermiculite, 0.10 part of urea and 4 parts of potassium feldspar. In this example, the microbial fertilizer was obtained by mixing 2.0 parts by weight of the composite probiotics, 35 parts by weight of the microbial inoculum nutrient and 10 parts by weight of water and then standing for 4 days at room temperature. In the composite probiotics, the mass ratio of potassium bacteria and phosphorus bacteria is 2.2; the microbial inoculum nutrient is potato soaked powder; the inhibitor adopts 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate.
Example 3
Weighing the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of selenium soil, 2.5 parts of fly ash, 0.08 part of microbial fertilizer, 0.28 part of inhibitor, 10 parts of perlite, 20 parts of vermiculite, 0.08 part of urea and 4 parts of potassium feldspar. In this example, the microbial fertilizer was obtained by mixing 1.8 parts by weight of the composite probiotics, 25 parts by weight of the microbial inoculum nutrients and 8 parts by weight of water and then standing at room temperature for 3 days. In the composite probiotics, the mass ratio of potassium bacteria and phosphorus bacteria is 1.6; the microbial inoculum nutrient is a mixture of potato soaked powder and malt soaked powder, and the ratio of the potato soaked powder to the malt soaked powder is 1:1; dicyandiamide is used as the inhibitor.
Example 4
Weighing the following components in parts by weight: 22 parts of selenium soil, 4 parts of fly ash, 0.06 part of microbial fertilizer, 0.10 part of inhibitor, 4 parts of perlite, 8 parts of vermiculite, 0.10 part of urea and 5 parts of potassium feldspar. In this example, the microbial fertilizer was obtained by mixing 1.5 parts by weight of the composite probiotics, 25 parts by weight of the microbial inoculum nutrient and 8 parts by weight of water and then standing at room temperature for 3 days. In the composite probiotics, the mass ratio of potassium bacteria and phosphorus bacteria is 1.5; corn starch is selected as the microbial inoculum nutrient; the inhibitor adopts 2-chloro-6- (trichloromethyl) pyridine.
Example 5
Weighing the following components in parts by weight: 26 parts of selenium soil, 2 parts of fly ash, 0.09 part of microbial fertilizer, 0.12 part of inhibitor, 4 parts of perlite, 15 parts of vermiculite, 0.15 part of urea and 3 parts of potassium feldspar. In this example, the microbial fertilizer was obtained by mixing 1.2 parts by weight of the composite probiotics, 30 parts by weight of the microbial inoculum nutrient and 10 parts by weight of water, and then standing for 4 days at room temperature. In the composite probiotics, the mass ratio of potassium bacteria and phosphorus bacteria is 2.0; the nutritional substances of the microbial inoculum are mung bean starch; the inhibitor adopts 2-chloro-6- (trichloromethyl) pyridine.
In order to ensure the accuracy and reliability of measurement, the same height and similar growth of sago cycas and willows are selected for testing, the adopted comparative example is common soil, and the observation period is three years; twenty strains were used for each sample and averaged. The test process adopts the same watering measure, and no fertilizer is additionally applied. The corresponding effects are shown in tables 1-2.
Table 1 results of measurement of height of the sago cycas
TABLE 2 measurement results of willow plant height
Meanwhile, the inventor tests the street trees such as the sabina chinensis, the juniper, the cedar, the masson pine and the like respectively, and the test results show that: the control of plant growth height has effectively been realized to this application under the prerequisite that satisfies plant growth.
In addition, the inventors performed tests with roof green plants. The height and growth of the tested plants are approximate, and the single test area is 1.5m 2 The observation period is three years by using common soil as a control; twenty groups were selected for each test group. During the test, the plants cultivated by the nutrient medium of the invention have no root channeling phenomenon; fifteen months later, the control group shows a group of plant root channeling phenomenon; in twenty-two months, seven groups of plants are in root channeling phenomenon in the control group, and two groups of green plants are in the control group, which damage the roof; thirty months later, twelve plants in the control group have root channeling phenomenon, and five plants in the control group cause damage to the roof. The test results show that: the application can effectively slow down the growth of plant roots on the premise of meeting the growth requirement of plants.
The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification, as well as to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of the method or process disclosed.
Claims (5)
1. The arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient substrate is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of selenium soil, 2-5 parts of fly ash, 0.01-0.1 part of microbial fertilizer, 0.05-0.3 part of inhibitor, 2-10 parts of perlite, 2-20 parts of vermiculite, 0.05-0.2 part of urea and 3-5 parts of potassium feldspar;
the microbial fertilizer is prepared by mixing 1-2 parts by weight of composite probiotics, 20-35 parts by weight of microbial inoculum nutrient and 5-10 parts by weight of water, and standing for 1-5 days at room temperature; the microbial inoculum nutrient is plant starch;
the composite probiotics are potassium bacteria and phosphorus bacteria according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.2-3 parts;
the inhibitor is 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphoric acid;
the matrix is prepared by a method comprising the following steps: weighing the components according to the proportion, and uniformly mixing the components;
the microbial inoculum nutrient is one or more of potato soaked powder, mung bean starch, malt soaked powder and corn starch.
2. The use of a arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient substrate according to claim 1, wherein the nutrient substrate is used as a arbor and shrub growth medium.
3. Use according to claim 2, characterized in that the nutritional matrix, when used for the growth of a street tree, operates as follows:
(1) Digging a cultivation pit in a region to be transplanted;
(2) Spreading a layer of arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrition matrix at the bottom of the cultivation pit;
(3) After the step (2) is completed, placing the street tree to be transplanted into a cultivation pit paved with arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient matrixes, filling the arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient matrixes into the cultivation pit, and fixing the street tree through the arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient matrixes; after fixing, watering to finish the cultivation of the street tree;
and (5) watering and maintaining at regular intervals.
4. Use according to claim 2, characterized in that the nutritional matrix, when used for roof green plant growth, operates as follows:
(a) After the roof is provided with the protective layer, paving a layer of arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrition matrix on the surface of the protective layer;
(b) After the step (a) is completed, planting the green plants to be transplanted on a tiled arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrition matrix, and fixing the green plants through the arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrition matrix; after fixation, watering to finish the cultivation of green plants;
and (5) watering and maintaining at regular intervals.
5. Use according to claim 2, characterized in that the nutrient medium, when used for plant growth in a container, operates as follows: placing the green plants to be transplanted into a container, filling arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient matrixes into the container to serve as culture soil, providing nutrition for the green plants in the container through the arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient matrixes, and fixing the green plants through the arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient matrixes; after fixation, watering to finish the cultivation of green plants; and (5) watering and maintaining at regular intervals.
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