CN101336579A - Base fertilizer application method on protected vegetable land - Google Patents
Base fertilizer application method on protected vegetable land Download PDFInfo
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- CN101336579A CN101336579A CNA2007100119951A CN200710011995A CN101336579A CN 101336579 A CN101336579 A CN 101336579A CN A2007100119951 A CNA2007100119951 A CN A2007100119951A CN 200710011995 A CN200710011995 A CN 200710011995A CN 101336579 A CN101336579 A CN 101336579A
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Abstract
The invention relates to reasonable fertilization method in vegetable greenhouse. The method comprises scientifically and reasonably composting by regulating c/n ratio of the fertilizer, determining fertilization amount of organic fertilizer based on the contents of organic fertilizer and soil organic matter and mineralization speed of soil organic matter, and reasonably setting fertilization time and fertilization amount based on soil nutrient content and fertilizer-needing manner of crops. The fertilization method of the invention can save fertilizer, reduce production cost, and decrease environment risk.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of base fertilizer application method on protected vegetable land.
Background technology
Along with the development that China vegetables produce, the facilities vegetable area under cultivation constantly enlarges, and facilities vegetable has become in China's agricultural one of the most great-hearted new industry, for great role has been played in the vegetable basket project construction of China.Fertilising plays a part very important for the raising of yield of vegetables, but there are many problems in the fertilising in facility vegetable plot at present.At first be that fertilizer amount is excessive.Some vegetable growers believe that blindly many fertilisings can go out by fecund.One-sided view causes fertilizing amount to strengthen, and the soil nutrient reserves rise significantly, and fertilizing amount substantially exceeds the actual absorption amount of vegetables.This not only causes the waste of fertilizer, also can cause the problem such as acidifying, secondary salinization, nitrate salts content of vegetable height, groundwater azotate pollution of soil.Next is that the vegetable grower uses fertilizer in a large number, even thinks that organic fertilizer application is The more the better because traditional farming is advocated a large amount of application of organic fertilizers in facility vegetable plot.Fertilizer is in the physicochemical property of improving the soil, and improves aspects such as soil water-retaining, fertilizer-preserving ability and plays an important role really, do not become thoroughly decomposed especially too much completely that fertilizer causes soil disease easily, burns problem such as seedling but use.In addition, vegetable grower custom is once made base fertilizer with chemical fertilizer and is manured into soil, because characteristics such as temperature height, the irrigation quantity in facility vegetable plot be big, needs fertile periods in a large number to vegetables are real, chemical fertilizer decompose volatilization already or with the water leaching to deep subsoil, and contain a large amount of chemical fertilizer in the base fertilizer and also burn seedling easily.In sum, irrational fertilising can cause many negative effects.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of base fertilizer application method on protected vegetable land.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Fertile fertilizing method: on the soil, according to the known planting information in described soil, comprise the crop in described this season soil, the fertilizer relevant parameter draws fertilizing amount according to the best content of organic matter difference of the soil content of organic matter and soil; Described parameter comprises: fertilizer water content, fertilizer organic carbonaceous, nitrogen amount, the fertilizer and the soil content of organic matter;
Base fertilizer organic fertilizing amount in described facility vegetable plot may further comprise the steps:
1) determines this season crop that plant in described soil; 2) according to the water content of fertilizer, organic carbonaceous, nitrogen amount are that 20-30 carries out proportioning with fertilizer by C/N ratio, treat that the organic carbon degradation rate reaches 40-50%, and fertilizer becomes thoroughly decomposed, and is stand-by; 3) calculate the organic amount of replenishing, replenish organic amount=(the best content of organic matter in the soil-soil the content of organic matter)+best content of organic matter in soil * organic mineralization rate; Promptly get the fertilizer amount that applies in the soil with replenishing organic amount divided by amount organic in fertilizer unit's weight.
Described fertilizer is fertilizer, and wherein fertilizer can be animal wastes and the residual body of straw.Described electrodeless fertile sowing amount: according to the amount of this season crop of described soil plantation required C, N, P deduct above-mentioned apply the amount in the organic manure and the preceding soil that do not apply fertilizer in the amount of C, N, P.
The advantage that the present invention had:
May ultimately reach saving fertilizer, reduce production costs, reduce environmental risk by fertilizing method of the present invention; The physicochemical property of can also improving the soil improves soil water-retaining, fertilizer-preserving ability, improves the service life in facility vegetable plot.
Embodiment
With facility vegetable plot, Xinmin City Da Mintun town is example, and vegetable species is a cucumber.
On the soil, plant cucumber according to going up of described soil, measure the fertilizer relevant parameter, fertilizer water content, fertilizer organic carbonaceous, nitrogen amount, the fertilizer and the soil content of organic matter; Draw fertilizing amount according to the best content of organic matter difference of the soil content of organic matter and soil;
Base fertilizer organic fertilizing amount in described facility vegetable plot may further comprise the steps:
1) determines the cucumber that plant in described soil; 2) according to the water content of fertilizer, organic carbonaceous, nitrogen amount, fertilizer is fertilizer, wherein fertilizer can be chicken manure and maize straw, before the heap corruption, measure that moisture content is respectively 73% and 2% in two kinds of raw materials, total content of organic carbon is that 311.6g/kg and 467.3g/kg, total nitrogen content are 21.7g/kg and 8.7g/kg.With final adjusting C/N ratio is that 25 calculating chicken manures and maize straw proportioning are 3: 1.Think more than 38% that with the organic carbon degraded compost becomes thoroughly decomposed, stand-by; Assay method is according to Lu Rukun. the soil agrochemistry analytical method. and Chinese agriculture science and technology publishing house, 1999, measure.
3) calculate the organic amount of replenishing, replenish organic amount=(the best content of organic matter in the soil-soil the content of organic matter)+best content of organic matter in soil * organic mineralization rate; Measuring fertilizer and soil organic matter content is 182g/kg and 43.52g/kg.Calculate soil organic matter content and the best content of organic matter 50g/kg of soil (soil the best content of organic matter is referring to Huang Changyong. agrology, Chinese agriculture publishing house, 2000) difference 6.48g/kg, add the organic matter that need supply mineralising amount 50g/kg * 2% (organic mineralising amount is referring to Huang Changyong. agrology, Chinese agriculture publishing house, 2000), then calculating the organic quality that should replenish is 7.48g/kg, promptly gets the fertilizer amount 90.4t/ha that applies in the soil with replenishing organic amount divided by amount organic in fertilizer unit's weight.
According to the amount of this season crop of described soil plantation required C, N, P deduct above-mentioned apply the amount in the organic manure and the preceding soil that do not apply fertilizer in the amount of C, N, P.
Quick-acting nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus, quick-acting potassium content are 72mg/kg, 84mg/kg and 185mg/kg in the preceding mensuration of the fertilising soil, can satisfy cucumber growth demand in early stage.According to (Cai Shaozhen.With the fertilizing amount of fertilising than the calculating cucumber, China's Vegetable, 1994) amount of the described inorganic fertilizer of growth of cucumber known to, it is deducted the amount of measuring quick-acting nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus, quick-acting potassium content and the above-mentioned fertilizer that applies in the soil before the above-mentioned fertilising, then impose nitrogen, phosphorus, each 12kg/ha of potash fertilizer, 4kg/ha, 19kg/ha weekly.
This season cucumber yield is 95t/ha, and cucumber nitrate, content of nitrite all meet national green vegetables standard, and soil fertility significantly improves.
Claims (3)
1. base fertilizer application method on protected vegetable land, it is characterized in that: on the soil,, comprise the crop in described this season soil according to the known planting information in described soil, the fertilizer relevant parameter draws fertilizing amount according to the best content of organic matter difference of the soil content of organic matter and soil;
Described parameter comprises: fertilizer water content, fertilizer organic carbonaceous, nitrogen amount, the fertilizer and the soil content of organic matter;
Base fertilizer organic fertilizing amount in described facility vegetable plot may further comprise the steps:
1) determines this season crop that plant in described soil;
2) according to the water content of fertilizer, organic carbonaceous, nitrogen amount are that 20-30 carries out proportioning with fertilizer by C/N ratio, treat that the organic carbon degradation rate reaches 40-50%, and fertilizer becomes thoroughly decomposed, and is stand-by;
3) calculate the organic amount of replenishing, replenish organic amount=(the best content of organic matter in the soil-soil the content of organic matter)+best content of organic matter in soil * organic mineralization rate; Promptly get the fertilizer amount that applies in the soil with replenishing organic amount divided by amount organic in fertilizer unit's weight.
2. by the described base fertilizer application method on protected vegetable land of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described fertilizer is fertilizer, and wherein fertilizer can be animal wastes and the residual body of straw.
3. by the described base fertilizer application method on protected vegetable land of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described electrodeless fertile sowing amount: according to the amount of this season crop of described soil plantation required C, N, P deduct above-mentioned apply the amount in the organic manure and the preceding soil that do not apply fertilizer in the amount of C, N, P.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007100119951A CN101336579A (en) | 2007-07-06 | 2007-07-06 | Base fertilizer application method on protected vegetable land |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNA2007100119951A CN101336579A (en) | 2007-07-06 | 2007-07-06 | Base fertilizer application method on protected vegetable land |
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| CN101336579A true CN101336579A (en) | 2009-01-07 |
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| CNA2007100119951A Pending CN101336579A (en) | 2007-07-06 | 2007-07-06 | Base fertilizer application method on protected vegetable land |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102405705A (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2012-04-11 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Method for eliminating soil acidification and secondary salinization of facility vegetable field |
| CN103324851A (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2013-09-25 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Method for controlling farmland soil nitrogen non-point source pollution with carbon |
| CN105900586A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-08-31 | 东北农业大学 | Maximum phosphorus supply capacity-based compost application method |
| CN105917830A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-09-07 | 富锦市立兴植保机械制造有限公司 | Paddy rice side fertilizing method |
| CN113994805A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-02-01 | 广东省农业科学院农业质量标准与监测技术研究所 | Application method of biochar-based molybdenum fertilizer for improving vegetable quality |
-
2007
- 2007-07-06 CN CNA2007100119951A patent/CN101336579A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102405705A (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2012-04-11 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Method for eliminating soil acidification and secondary salinization of facility vegetable field |
| CN103324851A (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2013-09-25 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Method for controlling farmland soil nitrogen non-point source pollution with carbon |
| CN103324851B (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2015-12-02 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | A kind of carbon element controls the method for nitrogen in farmland soil pollution of area source |
| CN105917830A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-09-07 | 富锦市立兴植保机械制造有限公司 | Paddy rice side fertilizing method |
| CN105900586A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-08-31 | 东北农业大学 | Maximum phosphorus supply capacity-based compost application method |
| CN105900586B (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2018-10-26 | 东北农业大学 | A kind of compost method of administration based on maximum phosphorus supply power |
| CN113994805A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-02-01 | 广东省农业科学院农业质量标准与监测技术研究所 | Application method of biochar-based molybdenum fertilizer for improving vegetable quality |
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Open date: 20090107 |