CN113016471A - Tea garden planting method suitable for mountain area mechanized farming - Google Patents
Tea garden planting method suitable for mountain area mechanized farming Download PDFInfo
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- CN113016471A CN113016471A CN202110211133.3A CN202110211133A CN113016471A CN 113016471 A CN113016471 A CN 113016471A CN 202110211133 A CN202110211133 A CN 202110211133A CN 113016471 A CN113016471 A CN 113016471A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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Abstract
The invention provides a tea garden planting method suitable for mountain mechanized farming, wherein a surrounding ascending type ramp with a fixed width is arranged on a hillside to plant a tea garden, an operation space is reserved on the inner side of the ramp, tea trees are planted on the outer side of the ramp, a pedestrian passageway is arranged between any two adjacent ramps up and down along the hillside, and a top operation platform is arranged at the end point of the ramp at the top of the hillside. The invention ensures that the operation way of the mountain tea garden is not interrupted, can continuously operate, avoids the problem that the cultivation machinery of the circular tea garden above the mountain tea garden cannot enter, and greatly improves the working efficiency compared with manpower; the steering operation problem of the tea garden tillage machinery is solved; the problem of manual work current is solved, the daily management degree of difficulty in tea garden has been reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of tea tree planting, and particularly relates to a tea garden planting method suitable for mountain mechanized farming.
Background
Tea is one of main economic crops in the mountainous area and the half-mountainous area of Zhejiang province, the planting mode of the tea garden in the mountainous area is an annular planting mode at present, small-sized farming machinery cannot realize operation, most of the mountainous area tea gardens adopt manual mode for daily management, the management difficulty of the tea garden is large, the working efficiency is low, and the management cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a tea garden planting method suitable for mountain area mechanized farming, aiming at effectively solving the problem that the existing mountain area tea garden cannot realize small-sized farming mechanical operation and obviously reducing the management difficulty and cost of the mountain area tea garden.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a tea garden planting method suitable for mountain mechanical cultivation is characterized in that a surrounding ascending type ramp with a fixed width is arranged on a hillside to plant a tea garden, an operation space is reserved on the inner side of the ramp, tea trees are planted on the outer side of the ramp, a pedestrian channel is arranged between any two adjacent ramps up and down along the hillside, and a top operation platform is arranged at the end point of the ramp on the top of the hillside.
The rising angle of the encircling rising ramp is 10 °.
The width of the operating space is 0.5-1.5 m.
The planting area of the tea trees is within a range of 0.3m away from the outer side of the mountain on the ramp.
The width of the pedestrian passageway is 20-50 cm.
The area of the top operating platform is 4m3。
The width of the ramp is 0.8-1.8 m.
The tea trees are planted in a single-row strip planting mode by adopting a cuttage method, the distance between clusters is 30cm, and each cluster is 2 plants.
The tea tree variety planted by the invention is a clone fine variety suitable for mechanical picking.
According to the tea garden planting method suitable for mountain area mechanized farming, the tea garden planting row design is carried out by adopting the fixed-width 10-degree surrounding ascending ramp, so that the operating channel of the mountain tea garden is not interrupted, continuous operation can be realized, the problem that the cultivation machinery of the circular tea garden above the mountain area tea garden cannot enter is solved, and the working efficiency is greatly improved compared with manual work. Reserved 4m at the top of the hillside2The top operating platform solves the steering operation problem of tea garden tillage machinery. The middle pedestrian access which is arranged in an interlaced mode solves the problem of manual passing, and the difficulty of daily management of the tea garden is reduced.
By adopting the tea garden planting method, the small walking tractor, the crawler-type tea garden tiller and other tea garden tillage machinery can be conveniently used for working, wherein the work efficiency of the small walking tractor equipped with the fertilizer applicator for fertilizing operation per hour reaches 1700 square meters, which is about 10 times of the efficiency of manual deep ploughing and fertilizing; the productivity of the crawler-type tea garden tiller is 3335 square meters per hour, which is about 20 times of the efficiency of manual deep ploughing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a ramp tea garden plantation of the present invention;
in the figure, 1 — ramp; 2-pedestrian passage; 3-top operation platform: 4-tea tree; 5-operating space.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
1. site selection and reclamation of the tea garden: selecting a garden hillside with the slope of 20 degrees around 100 mu of area as a newly-built tea garden base, developing the planning of the whole garden, setting a trunk road, a circular garden and a branch road according to a standard tea garden construction scheme, cultivating the garden in a mountain slope shape, setting a drainage and storage system, and configuring a diversified ecological system. According to the mountain shape, the planting row design of the tea garden is carried out according to the 1.8m width and 10-degree surrounding ascending ramp, and the mechanical operation way of the tea garden is built. And respectively carrying out primary reclamation and reclamation, and determining the planting specification after reclamation.
2. Planting specification: the operation distance of 1.5m width is reserved near the inner side of the mountain body of the slope in the tea garden, and the tea garden is planted in a cuttage mode along 0.3m of the outer side of the mountain body. The tea seedlings are planted in a single-row strip planting mode, the planting position of the tea seedlings is 0.3m along the outer side of a mountain, the distance between clusters is 30cm, and 2 plants are planted in each cluster.
3. Tea garden management: (1) shaping and trimming: carrying out first shaping and pruning when transplanting and planting, wherein the height is 10-20 cm; increasing the height of the previous cut by 10-20cm in the next year to carry out second shaping and trimming; and in the third year, carrying out third shaping trimming at a distance of 50cm from the ground, and in the fourth year, slightly trimming at a height of 60cm from the ground.
(2) Fertilizing and cultivating: applying base fertilizer by deep ploughing in 10 months every year, using 300 kg/mu of vegetable cake and 20 kg/mu of compound fertilizer, and applying the compound fertilizer once every month in 3-8 months, 3-5kg each time.
(3) And (3) weed control: and (4) covering the blank space of the tea in 4-8 months with a black film to prevent the growth of weeds, and manually removing the weeds at the roots of the tea seedlings in time. Covering the space between rows with chaff in 12 months, wherein the thickness is 3-5cm, and the using amount of the chaff is 1500 kg/mu.
(4) And (3) pest control: physical, biological and chemical control is carried out according to the occurrence condition of plant diseases and insect pests, and the garden is sealed by the green glume engine oil emulsion in 11 months.
4. Mechanical selection of the tea garden: and selecting tea garden tillage machinery according to the operation path requirement, wherein a small hand tractor is adopted for mechanical tillage and fertilization when the slope is smaller than 1m, and a cultivator is adopted for mechanical tillage and fertilization when the slope is larger than 1 m.
Example 2:
1. site selection and reclamation of the tea garden: the method comprises the steps of selecting a garden hillside with the slope of 27 degrees in the area of 300 mu as a new tea garden base, developing the whole garden planning, setting a trunk road, a circular garden and a branch road according to a standard tea garden construction scheme, cultivating the garden along the hillside shape, setting a drainage and storage system, and configuring a diversified ecological system. According to the mountain shape, the planting row design of the tea garden is carried out according to the 1.8m width and 10-degree surrounding ascending ramp, and the mechanical operation way of the tea garden is built. And respectively carrying out primary reclamation and reclamation, and determining the planting specification after reclamation.
2. Planting specification: the slope in the tea garden is reserved with an operating distance of 1m width close to the inner side of the mountain body, and the tea garden is planted in a cuttage mode along 0.3m of the outer side of the mountain body. The tea seedlings are planted in a single-row strip planting mode, the planting position of the tea seedlings is 0.3m along the outer side of a mountain, the distance between clusters is 30cm, and 2 plants are planted in each cluster.
3. Tea garden management: (1) shaping and trimming: carrying out first shaping and pruning when transplanting and planting, wherein the height is 10-20 cm; increasing the height of the previous cut by 10-20cm in the next year to carry out second shaping and trimming; and in the third year, carrying out third shaping trimming at a distance of 50cm from the ground, and in the fourth year, slightly trimming at a height of 60cm from the ground.
(2) Fertilizing and cultivating: the base fertilizer is applied by deep ploughing in 10 months every year, 200 kg/mu of vegetable cake and 25 kg/mu of compound fertilizer are used, and the compound fertilizer is applied once every month in 2 months, and 10 kg/mu of compound fertilizer is applied each time.
(3) And (3) weed control: and (4) covering the blank space of the tea in 4-8 months with a black film to prevent the growth of weeds, and manually removing the weeds at the roots of the tea seedlings in time. Covering the space between rows with chaff in 12 months, wherein the thickness is 3-5cm, and the using amount of the chaff is 1500 kg/mu.
(4) And (3) pest control: physical, biological and chemical control is carried out according to the occurrence condition of plant diseases and insect pests, and the garden is sealed by the green glume engine oil emulsion in 11 months.
4. Mechanical selection of the tea garden: and selecting tea garden tillage machinery according to the operation path requirement, wherein a small hand tractor is adopted for mechanical tillage and fertilization when the slope is smaller than 1m, and a cultivator is adopted for mechanical tillage and fertilization when the slope is larger than 1 m.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A tea garden planting method suitable for mountain mechanical cultivation is characterized in that a surrounding ascending type ramp with a fixed width is arranged on a hillside to plant a tea garden, an operation space is reserved on the inner side of the ramp, tea trees are planted on the outer side of the ramp, a pedestrian channel is arranged between any two adjacent ramps up and down along the hillside, and a top operation platform is arranged at the end point of the ramp at the top of the hillside.
2. A tea garden planting method suitable for mountain area mechanized farming as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rising angle around the rising ramp is 10 °.
3. A tea garden planting method suitable for mountain area mechanized farming according to claim 1, wherein the width of the operation space is 0.5-1.5 m.
4. The tea garden planting method suitable for mountain area mechanized farming of claim 1, wherein the tea plant planting area is a range of 0.3m from the outer side of the mountain on a slope.
5. The tea garden planting method suitable for mountain mechanical tillage according to claim 1, wherein the width of the pedestrian passageway is 20-50 cm.
6. The tea garden planting method suitable for mountain mechanized farming of claim 1, wherein the top operating platform has an area of 4m3。
7. A tea garden planting method suitable for mountain area mechanized farming according to claim 1, wherein the width of the ramp is 0.8-1.8 m.
8. The method for planting a tea garden suitable for mechanized farming in mountainous areas of claim 1, wherein the tea trees are planted by cutting in a single row planting manner, with a row spacing of 30cm and 2 plants per row.
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| CN202110211133.3A CN113016471A (en) | 2021-02-25 | 2021-02-25 | Tea garden planting method suitable for mountain area mechanized farming |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114651704A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-06-24 | 盐城工业职业技术学院 | Multifunctional management system and management method for tea orchard |
| CN116034803A (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2023-05-02 | 陈锦铿 | Hilly and mountain area operation slope planting method suitable for machine operation |
Citations (5)
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| CN108200839A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-06-26 | 福建丰盛农林科技集团有限公司 | A kind of oil tea implantation methods |
| CN108260488A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-07-10 | 吉林紫鑫红石种养殖有限公司 | The technical method that a kind of high yield Ginseng under Forest is fostered |
| CN108575279A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-09-28 | 陈辉运 | A kind of tea oil tree method for planting and oil-tea camellia seed harvesting equipment |
| CN109479596A (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2019-03-19 | 刘兴元 | A kind of method of terrace cropping oil tea |
| CN110115128A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-08-13 | 贵州省亚热带作物研究所 | A kind of method that mountainous region mango opens terraced site preparation |
-
2021
- 2021-02-25 CN CN202110211133.3A patent/CN113016471A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108260488A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-07-10 | 吉林紫鑫红石种养殖有限公司 | The technical method that a kind of high yield Ginseng under Forest is fostered |
| CN108200839A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-06-26 | 福建丰盛农林科技集团有限公司 | A kind of oil tea implantation methods |
| CN108575279A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-09-28 | 陈辉运 | A kind of tea oil tree method for planting and oil-tea camellia seed harvesting equipment |
| CN109479596A (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2019-03-19 | 刘兴元 | A kind of method of terrace cropping oil tea |
| CN110115128A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-08-13 | 贵州省亚热带作物研究所 | A kind of method that mountainous region mango opens terraced site preparation |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114651704A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-06-24 | 盐城工业职业技术学院 | Multifunctional management system and management method for tea orchard |
| CN114651704B (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2023-08-15 | 盐城工业职业技术学院 | Multifunctional management system and management method for tea orchard |
| CN116034803A (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2023-05-02 | 陈锦铿 | Hilly and mountain area operation slope planting method suitable for machine operation |
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