JP7268268B2 - Centipede turf seedling raising method and centipede turf greening method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for raising seedlings of centipede turf and a greening method using centipede turf.

In the ridges of paddy fields, river embankments, roadsides, parks, etc., greening is carried out for the purpose of, for example, slope protection and landscape improvement, and grass species green areas are formed.

Such grass seed green spaces are formed by sowing the seeds of plants for greening and allowing the plants to germinate and grow.

By the way, when forming a grass seed green area, various weeds grow thick at the same time as the plants for greening germinate and grow. In general, the vigor of weeds is stronger than that of greening plants. Therefore, if weed control treatment is not performed, the greening plants will be exterminated by weeds. .

Therefore, in order to form the target grass-species green space, a great deal of labor and expense are required for maintenance and management mainly for the purpose of weed control.

For example, in the case of paddy ridges, 30.8% of the total labor for rice cultivation is spent on mowing the ridges. In addition, the ridge has a sloping part, and the work there is harsh and dangerous. Particularly in hilly and mountainous areas, large ridges are formed, so mowing work becomes more severe. Here, among the accidents that occur during all rice cultivation work, the accident rate associated with the mowing work on the ridge accounts for 23%. For this reason, mowing work on the ridge is a heavy burden for farmers. In particular, aging farmers are one of the reasons why they abandon cultivated land because they cannot manage and maintain their ridges.

In addition, if a person is hired to cut the grass as described above, 15% of the rice production cost will be spent on the cutting of the ridge. This amounts to about 15,000 yen per 10a, which is almost the same as the cost of fertilizer for rice cultivation.

In this way, the maintenance and management of grass-species green spaces is a matter of utmost importance in terms of both labor and cost.

Therefore, intensive research has been conducted in order to reduce the labor and cost of mowing work as described above. ), it has been proposed to employ plants exhibiting allelopathy against weeds as greening sources. As a method using plants exhibiting such allelopathy, for example, there is a weed suppression method using centipede grass (centipede grass) as a greening source, as shown in Patent Document 1.

In the weed suppression method of Patent Literature 1, so-called seed propagation is carried out by spraying seeds of centipede turf onto a location to be greened.

In addition to this, there is also a method of turfing, in which a rectangular lawn mat of centipede turf is cut out from the ground overgrown with centipede turf and stretched over the area to be greened.

In the case of seed propagation, the centipede turf germinates from seeds and develops seed roots, then stems grow, leaves begin to emerge, and grow. In this seed propagation, the stems tend to grow upward, and there are few stolons extending along the ground. The type in which the stem grows upward in this way is called the erect stem type. This erect stem type centipede grass grows to a height of 20 to 30 cm.

By the way, before the centipede turf fully exhibits its allelopathy, weeds with strong growth potential, such as perennial typhoid, may grow. The plant height of the full-grown typhoid grass exceeds 20-30 cm, so it exceeds the plant height of the centipede turf. In this way, when the centipede turf is covered with grown cypress grass, the short-height centipede turf is not exposed to sunlight, and the sunshine hours necessary for the growth of the centipede turf cannot be secured. For this reason, the centipede turf dies after several years. In other words, centipede turf may be overwhelmed by tall perennials.

On the other hand, when a lawn mat of centipede turf is spread, the centipede turf grows as its stolons extend along the ground. The type in which the stem grows along the ground like this is called the creeping stem type. This creeping-stem type centipede turf clumps to cover the ground and exhibits allelopathy to suppress other weeds.

In the case of stretched turf, the roots are damaged when the turf mat is cut out, so it takes a relatively long time to take root, and it takes a long time for the stolons of the centipede turf to cover the ground and become crowded. During this period, weeds with strong growth may grow before the centipede turf. If the weeds grow thick first, the allelopathy of the centipede turf cannot be demonstrated, and the centipede turf is eventually driven out by the weeds. In addition, in the case of stretched turf, a grass mat is planted in the soil mixed with fertilizer to promote rooting, but this fertilizer also acts as a nutrient for weeds and promotes the growth of weeds, so it takes precedence over weeds. It is difficult to make centipede turf crowded.

A pit seedling construction method, which causes less damage to the roots than the above-described turf turf, has also been developed. This pit seedling construction method is a method in which the centipede turf is grown to a seedling state and then planted, and cutting of the roots, which is required in the case of turf turf, is avoided. Therefore, the centipede turf can be formed in a relatively early stage.

Pit seedlings used in this pit seedling construction method are grown, for example, as follows.
First, a tray provided with many holes is prepared, and soil is put into each hole of this tray. Then, 3 to 4 seeds per hole are sowed and raised until 2 to 3 stems grow. The pitted seedlings thus obtained are extracted from the trays and planted in the potting ground.

JP 2009-278965 A

By the way, when pit seedlings are planted shallowly, it is difficult for the stolons to elongate, and it may take a long time for the seedlings to cover the ground and become crowded. In addition, since pit seedlings are basically the same as seed propagation, they are of the erect stem type, and the same problems as seed propagation described above are likely to occur. Furthermore, the tips of young nodal roots may be damaged during extraction from the tray holes or during planting, weakening the development of fine roots and root hairs, stunting nodal root growth, and weakening root function. As a result, it may take a relatively long time for roots to take root, though not as much as in the case of stretched turf.

As described above, it is difficult to grow centipede turf to a state where it can exhibit allelopathy before weeds grow thick, and centipede turf has not yet been sufficiently spread to sites where greening is desired. The current situation is that they are not.

The present invention has been made based on the above circumstances, and its object is to provide a centipede-grass seedling-raising method capable of obtaining centipede-grass seedlings with faster root-rooting, and to provide a centipede-grass seedling-raising method. To provide a greening construction method capable of promoting the growth of weeds, thereby exhibiting allelopathy at an early stage and suppressing the growth of weeds.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, there are a collecting step of dividing the growing stolons of a grown centipede turf and collecting the divided stolons, and a seedbed preparation step of preparing a seedbed formed by putting soil in a seedling-raising container. a step of placing the divided stolons on the soil of the seedbed; and storing the seedbed on which the divided stolons are placed in an environment of 25° C. or more and 40° C. or less. and a seedling-raising process for obtaining seedlings.

Further, according to the present invention, it comprises a stolling seedling preparation step of preparing a stolling seedling of centipede turf obtained by the centipede turf seedling-raising method described above, and a fixed planting step of planting the stolling stalk seedling in a greening target area. A greening construction method is provided.

In addition, it is preferable to further include a weed removal step of removing weeds growing in the greening target area before the planting step.

Moreover, it is preferable that the weed removal step is configured to perform a weeding operation for cutting the weeds.

In addition, the weed removal step further includes a weed control sheet laying operation for laying a weed control sheet after the mowing work, and after the planting step, after confirming that the stolons of the centipede turf have grown, the weed control It is preferable that the grass sheet is removed.

In addition, after the weed removal step and before the fixed planting step, a pH adjustment step is further provided in which a pH adjuster is sprayed on the greening target area to make the soil of the greening target area strongly acidic to a pH of about 4. It is preferable to set it as the structure.

The method for raising seedlings of centipede turf according to the present invention includes a collecting step of dividing the stolons of grown centipede turf and collecting the divided stolons, a seedbed preparation step of preparing a seedbed formed by putting soil in a seedling-raising container, and the division. Stollowing seedlings of centipede turf are obtained by placing stolons on the soil of the seedbed and storing the seedbed on which the divided stolons are placed under an environment of 25°C or higher and 40°C or lower. and a seedling-raising process. According to this seedling-raising method, a stollowing seedling is obtained in which nodal roots proliferate from the nodes of the divided stolons and good root groups are formed. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a seedling-raising method for centipede turf, which enables to obtain centipede turf seedlings with faster rooting.

In addition, since the creeping seedlings used in the greening method of the present invention are obtained by the above-described seedling raising method, they are in a state in which nodal roots are generated. is promoted. For this reason, centipede turf grows faster than weeds, and allelopathy can be exhibited at an early stage, and the growth of weeds can be suppressed. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a greening method capable of stably growing centipede turf, exhibiting allelopathy at an early stage, and suppressing the growth of weeds.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the main stem and stolons of centipede turf. It is a schematic diagram showing stolons of centipede turf. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a divided stolon; It is the schematic which showed the creeping seedling. Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing a mode of raising seedlings using a large tray. Fig. 10 is a perspective view showing a mode of pressing the split stolons using a pusher; Fig. 10 is a perspective view showing a mode in which the divided stolons are pressed using a plastic film;

Hereinafter, embodiments of the greening method and seedling raising method of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.
First, a stolling seedling preparing step for preparing stolling seedlings obtained by the centipede turf seedling-raising method will be described.

As shown in FIG. 1, the centipede turf 1 has a main stem 4 extending from a seed root 2 and stolons 6 that divide from lower nodes of the main stem 4 . Two to three stolons 6 that are divided from the main stem 4 are called primary stolons 8 . Each of these primary stolons 8 crawls on the ground and extends along the ground. As shown in FIG. 2, the primary stolons 8 form a plurality of nodes 12 as they grow. A nodal root 10 grows from each node 12 . This nodal root 10 takes root on the ground. Furthermore, from the nodes 12 of the primary stolons 8, a large number of secondary stolons 14 emerge in the radial direction, and these secondary stolons 14 also crawl on the ground. The secondary stolons 14 also have a plurality of nodes 16, and node roots 18 grow from each node 16 and take root on the ground. For this reason, the grown centipede turf 1 is shaped like a fan on the ground. In addition, leaves 20 are also grown at the nodes 12 and 16 of the primary stolons 8 and the secondary stolons 14 .

In the present invention, the primary stolons 8 and the secondary stolons 14 are collectively referred to as stolons 6 unless otherwise specified.

Centipede turf has the property of vigorously growing even in poor soil with little nutrients, and can grow in a wide variety of soils. For example, one stollow 6 in a grown centipede grass grows about 2 m in one summer. Such vigorous growth and vitality are attributed to root groups formed by thickening of nodal roots. In other words, centipede turf grows vigorously if a good root group is formed. Here, the roots of the centipede turf will stop growing and the function of the roots will be reduced if there is an obstacle such as damage to the nodal roots, but if there are no obstacles such as those mentioned above, the roots will grow vigorously. do.

The method for raising seedlings of centipede turf according to the present invention is a method for obtaining seedlings that can easily take root in a fixed planting site by growing nodal roots to some extent from seedlings and forming good root groups.

In the seedling-raising method for centipede turf according to the present invention, first, the grown stolons 6 are finely cut into short lengths to obtain stolons divided into panicles (hereinafter referred to as divided stolons 22) as shown in FIG. collection process). Although the length of the divided stolons 22 is not particularly limited, it is preferably about 20 cm long, for example. The divided stolons 22 can be stored for about five months.

Next, soil and, if necessary, a soil conditioner and fertilizer are placed in a seedling-raising container of a predetermined size to form a seedbed (seedbed preparation step). Then, the divided stolons 22 obtained as described above are placed on this seedbed (placement step). The seedbed on which the divided stolons 22 are placed in this way is preserved in an environment of a predetermined temperature, and seedlings are raised (seedling raising process).

Here, the temperature during seedling raising is set to 25° C. or higher and 40° C. or lower. If the seedling temperature is less than 25°C, the growth speed of the seedlings is slow, and if it exceeds 40°C, the seedlings may die. The temperature for seedling raising is preferably 28°C or higher and 32°C or lower, more preferably 30°C.

Straw-stem seedlings of centipede turf can be obtained in about 30 days by storing in the above temperature range. Here, the storage period is preferably 25 days or more and 35 days or less. If the storage period is less than 25 days, the seedlings will not grow sufficiently. On the other hand, well-grown seedlings can be obtained by storing for 35 days.

As a preferred embodiment, the seedbed on which the divided stolons 22 are placed is placed in a heat insulating box maintained in an atmosphere of 30° C. and stored for about 30 days to raise the seedlings. By this seedling-raising operation, the nodal roots 10 (18) newly grow from the nodes 12 (16) of the divided stolons 22, and as shown in FIG. be done. Since the growth of the nodal roots is extremely vigorous, the new nodal roots 10 are brought into a thick state by the seedling-raising operation.

This creeping seedling 24 can be obtained only by keeping it in a heat insulating box for 30 days. That is, since the seedling-raising period is relatively short, the creeping seedlings 24 can be procured all year round.

The shape and size of the seedling-raising container described above can be appropriately selected according to the desired shape of the stolling seedling 24 . A rectangular container with a length of 23 cm, a width of 4 cm, and a depth of 3 cm is usually used. In addition, a container having a large number of holes each having a length of 2 cm, a width of 2 cm, and a depth of 3 cm is used. This container is used to make pit-type stoller seedlings by putting split stolons that have been cut shorter. Also, a relatively shallow container with a length of 18 cm, a width of 12 cm and a depth of 1 cm is used. This container is used to produce flatter, mat-like stoller seedlings. In addition, a pot seedling-shaped container that is circular and relatively deep may also be used.

By changing the shape and size of the seedling-raising container, various types of creeping seedlings can be produced, so that various construction sites can be accommodated.

Here, a description will be given of the case of producing a turf-type creeping seedling, which is larger than the mat-like creeping seedling. In the case of producing turf-type stolling seedlings, as shown in FIG. 5, it is preferable to use a large-sized tray 30 as a seedling-raising container. With such a large tray 30, a large number of stollowing seedlings 24 can be collectively raised, and turf-type stolling seedlings can be produced efficiently. As such a container for raising seedlings, for example, a rectangular tray 30 having a length of 90 cm, a width of 30 cm, and a depth of 3 cm is used. As a working procedure, a large tray 30 is covered with soil or the like to form a seedbed 32 , and a large number of divided stolons 22 are placed on the seedbed 32 . At this time, for example, seven divided stolons 22 are prepared, and the prepared divided stolons 22 are arranged substantially parallel one by one on the seed bed 32 at predetermined intervals. Here, it is preferable to press the divided stolons 22 on the seedbed 32 onto the seedbed 32 using pressing means. By pressing the divided stolons 22 with the pressing means, the divided stolons 22 can be suppressed from rising from the seedbed 32 and growing, and can be promoted to creep along the surface of the seedbed 32, which is preferable. As the pressing means, it is preferable to use, for example, a pusher 34 formed of a rod-shaped piece of wood having a rectangular cross section as shown in FIG. 6, or a transparent plastic film 36 as shown in FIG. These holding means rest on the split stolons 22 . As a result, the divided stolons 22 can be held down.

After that, seedlings are raised. Raising seedlings is performed by placing the tray 30 on which the divided stolons 22 are placed in, for example, a vinyl house (raising seedling house). The temperature in the nursery house is set at 25° C. or higher and 40° C. or lower as described above.

Then water thoroughly until the soil in the seedbed is saturated. After that, misty water is sprayed so that the ears of the divided stolons 22 do not wither. Spray water three times a day as a guideline. Moreover, it is preferable to cover the tray 30 on which the divided stolons 22 are placed with a light-shielding net after the seedlings are brought into the nursery house. Since the divided stolons 22 before rooting may wilt if exposed to strong sunlight, it is preferable to adjust the exposure of light while protecting them with a light shielding net. As a guideline for covering with a light-shielding net, the seedlings should be covered with a light-shielding net all day from the time they are carried into the nursery house until the next day. On the second day after the installation, remove the shading net before the sun rises, and expose it to the morning sun, which is weaker than during the day. As a guideline, expose it to sunlight until about 8:00 am, and then cover it with a light shielding net again. From the 3rd day onwards, the plant is exposed to sunlight as much as possible while checking the condition of wilting. It usually takes root after 3 days. After rooting (5 mm or more in nodal roots) is confirmed, the sunlight is applied for a longer period of time.

When the nodal roots of the divided stolons 22 in the large-sized tray 30 are sufficiently extended, one sod-type stollowing seedling is formed in the tray 30. - 特許庁Then, by taking out the whole seedbed from the tray 30, a sprawling seedling of the turfgrass type can be obtained. In other words, just by taking out the seedlings from the large tray 30, the turfgrass-type creeping seedlings can be obtained without damaging the nodal roots. By arranging a plurality of large trays 30 on which the divided stolons 22 are placed in the seedling-raising house, a large amount of stollowing seedlings of the turfgrass type can be obtained at one time.

The stollowing seedlings 24 obtained as described above are placed on a greening target area and planted (fixed planting step). The creeping seedling 24 already has nodal roots 10 (18) and will take root immediately when planted in the soil. Since the nodal roots 10 (18) grow extremely vigorously, they take root in an early stage, and the roots are spread all over the soil, and the centipede turf 1 grows in a short period of time. In other words, it grows earlier than weeds and becomes a state in which it can exhibit allelopathy early.

Since the greening method using the stollen seedlings 24 according to the present invention originally utilizes stolons, the obtained centipede turf is of the stollow type. In other words, since it is not an upright stem type like seed propagation, it is unlikely to be exterminated by tall weeds like the upright stem type.

In addition, the greening method using the stollen seedlings 24 according to the present invention has merits as compared with the case of the conventional turf that is cut out from the conventional turf mat, as described below.

Centipede turf lawn mats used for turf turf are made by cutting out rooted centipede turf, so that nodal roots of stolons are cut. When a nodal root is cut, the cut tip is difficult to regenerate. For this reason, in the case of stretched turf, it takes a relatively long time to take root. Fertilizers are also mixed into the soil to promote rooting.

On the other hand, the greening method using the stollowing seedlings 24 according to the present invention uses the stolling seedlings 24 in which nodal roots 10 (18) that grow very vigorously are generated in advance, so that the centipede grass grows in the direction along the ground. Crowds can be overwhelmingly early compared to turf covered with turf. In addition, since no fertilizer is required to promote rooting, the weeds are not fed with nutrients. Straw-stem seedlings of the turf-grass type formed using the large tray 30 as described above can be obtained in a size equal to or larger than that of the conventional turf-grass without damaging the nodal roots. Centipede turf can be rooted efficiently and early compared to .

As described above, the greening construction method according to the present invention can exhibit allelopathy at an early stage, so that the growth of weeds can be suppressed and the mowing work can be largely omitted. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the labor and cost of maintenance and management of the grass-species green space.

Here, in order to ensure that allelopathy can be exerted more reliably, it is preferable to provide a weed removal step for removing weeds growing in the land to be greened before the planting step.

The purpose of this weed removal step is to remove weeds originally growing in the land to be greened so that the ground of the land to be greened is free of weeds.

In the weed removal process, weeds are basically cut. Weeds are removed from the ground and the grass clippings are removed from the greening target area. It is also preferable to spray herbicides to eradicate weeds. Herbicide application is effective when applied before mowing. Also, it is more effective to spray the herbicide as appropriate even after the mowing work.

Furthermore, after mowing, it is preferable to lay a weed-preventing sheet on the land to be greened. This weed control sheet laying work is performed for the purpose of eradicating the rhizomes of weeds such as typhoid grass that may survive even after the herbicide is sprayed. A generally used weed control sheet may be used. In order to improve the workability of laying the anti-grass sheet, remove tree stumps, stones, etc. from the greening target area after mowing. To ensure weeding by pulling out the weeds from the roots when the weeds are found since weeds may grow from the gaps of the sheet after the weed control sheet is laid.

Here, for example, if the target area for greening is the sloping surface of the ridge and the upper passage of the ridge, and a weed control sheet is laid at a predetermined position on the sloping surface of the ridge, centipede turf is laid on the upper passage of the ridge. One row of creeping seedlings 24 is planted. Then, when it is confirmed that the stolons have been eradicated and the stolons have grown to 1 m or more, the anti-grass sheet is removed and the stolons are laid on the ground on the sloping surface of the ridge to promote the generation and growth of nodal roots.

In this way, in a state where weeds are removed, the growth of centipede turf can be promoted without competing with weeds.

Furthermore, it is preferable to provide a pH adjustment step between the weed removal step and the planting step. In this pH adjusting step, a pH adjusting agent is sprinkled on the land to be planted so that the pH of the soil is brought to a strongly acidic state of about 4. Centipede turf is resistant to acidity and grows well even in soil with a pH of about 4. On the other hand, weeds such as cypress and equisetum are difficult to grow in strongly acidic soil. In addition, even if the seeds of weeds such as typhoid grasses and horsetails fly, they are difficult to germinate in acidic soil. Therefore, it is effective to sprinkle a pH adjuster on the land to be greened before the planting process. Here, although the pH adjuster is not particularly limited, it is preferable to use sulfur powder, for example.

<Aspect of the present invention>
A first aspect of the present invention includes a collecting step of dividing the stolons of grown centipede turf and collecting the divided stolons, a seedbed preparation step of preparing a seedbed formed by putting soil in a seedling-raising container, and the divided stolons. on the soil of the seedbed, and storing the seedbed on which the divided stolons are placed under an environment of 25°C or higher and 40°C or lower to obtain stolling seedlings of centipede grass. A centipede turf seedling-raising method comprising the steps of:

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a stollowing seedling can be obtained in which nodal roots proliferate from the nodes of the divided stolons and good root groups are formed.

A second aspect of the present invention comprises a stolling seedling preparation step of preparing stolons of centipede turf obtained by the centipede turf seedling-raising method of the first aspect of the present invention, and planting the stolling stalk seedlings in a greening target area. and a planting process.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the construction period of the centipede turf can be shortened, and the centipede turf clumps ahead of the weeds, so that allelopathy can be exhibited at an early stage. Therefore, the growth of weeds can be suppressed, mowing work can be omitted as much as possible, and the maintenance and management of green spaces with grass species can be made easier than before.

A third aspect of the present invention is a greening method according to the second aspect of the present invention, further comprising a weed removal step of removing weeds growing in the greening target area before the planting step. be.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, centipede turf can be grown without competing with weeds in a greening target area.

A fourth aspect of the present invention is a greening construction method according to the above-described third aspect of the present invention, wherein the weed removal step includes mowing the weeds.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to remove the weeds originally growing in the land to be greened, and to grow the centipede grass on the ground of the land to be greened in a weed-free state.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the fourth aspect of the present invention described above, the weed removal step further includes a weed control sheet laying operation for laying a weed control sheet after the mowing operation, and the planting step Then, after confirming that the stolons of the centipede turf have grown, the weed control sheet is removed.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to eradicate weeds having rhizomes, such as typhoid grass, and to grow centipede turf in a state without weeds.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the third to fifth aspects of the present invention described above, after the weed removal step and before the planting step, a pH adjuster is sprayed on the land to be greened. and further comprising a pH adjusting step of making the soil of the land to be planted strongly acidic to about pH 4.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to preferentially grow centipede turf, which is resistant to acidity, while suppressing the growth of weeds such as typhoid grass and the germination of seeds of the weeds such as typhoid grass.

1 centipede turf 2 seed root 4 main stem 6 stolons 8 primary stolons 10 nodal roots 12 nodes 14 secondary stolons 16 nodes 18 nodal roots 20 leaves 22 divided stolons 24 stolons seedlings

Claims (6)

a collecting step of dividing the stolons of the grown centipede grass and collecting the divided stolons;
A seedbed preparation step of preparing a seedbed formed by putting soil in a seedling-raising container;
A placing step of placing the divided stolons on the soil of the seedbed;
a seedling-raising step of obtaining stolling seedlings of centipede turf by preserving the seedbed on which the divided stolons are placed in an environment of 25° C. or more and 40° C. or less;
A seedling-raising method for centipede turf. A stolling seedling preparation step of preparing stolling seedlings of centipede turf obtained by the method for raising seedlings of centipede turf according to claim 1;
and a fixed planting step of planting the creeping seedlings in a greening target area. 3. The greening method according to claim 2, further comprising a weed removal step of removing weeds growing in the greening target area before the planting step. 4. The greening construction method according to claim 3, wherein said weed removal step includes mowing work for cutting said weeds. The weed removal step further includes a weed control sheet laying operation for laying a weed control sheet after the mowing work,
5. The greening method according to claim 4, wherein after the planting step, the grass-preventing sheet is removed after confirming that the stolons of the centipede grass have grown. After the weed removal step and before the planting step, a pH adjusting agent is sprayed on the greening target area to make the soil of the greening target area strongly acidic to about pH 4. The greening construction method according to any one of claims 3 to 5.

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