CN109315158B

CN109315158B - Rapid asexual propagation technology of peony for northwest Hubei oil

Info

Publication number: CN109315158B
Application number: CN201811145097.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 姚世兰
Original assignee: Shiyan Zhongying Ecological Agriculture Development Co ltd
Current assignee: Shiyan Zhongying Ecological Agriculture Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-09-29
Filing date: 2018-09-29
Publication date: 2020-12-25
Anticipated expiration: 2038-09-29
Also published as: CN109315158A

Abstract

The invention relates to a rapid asexual propagation technology of oil-used peony in northwest of Hubei province, belonging to the technical field of seedling cultivation, the 9-month soil preparation and ridging of the lunar calendar, the 60-70cm long ditch is opened in the center of the ridge, thoroughly decomposed fertilizer or organic fertilizer is applied in the ditch, the robust peony seedling grown in two years is horizontally placed in the ditch in the later 10 th month of the lunar calendar, the lateral branch and the top bud are bent upwards, then the root system and the main rod are covered with soil, the top bud is prevented from being covered by soil blocks, watering once after the soil covering is finished, beginning to germinate the main rod of the peony seedling buried under the soil in 2 months in the lunar calendar of the next year, beginning to grow vertically upwards on the soil of the lateral branch and the terminal bud, beginning to bud in the first ten days of 3 months, beginning to full-term in the first ten days of 4 months, beginning to bud in the second ten days of 5 months, picking the pod in the first 8 months, and cutting the main rod and the growing root system of the peony seedling buried under the ground in the first 11 ten days of the month into a plurality of sections for transplanting to the field.

Description

Rapid asexual propagation technology of peony for northwest Hubei oil

Technical Field

The invention discloses a rapid asexual propagation technology of oil-used peony in northwest of Ebei province, belongs to the technical field of seedling cultivation, and particularly relates to rapid propagation of oil-used peony by utilizing root systems and lateral branches.

Background

Paeonia of Paeoniaceae is currently planted in Henan, Shaanxi, Hubei, Gansu, Sichuan, Yunnan, Tibet and the like. The peony for oil extraction is a new woody oil crop, has the characteristics of large seed yield, high oil content, high quality, strong resistance and the like, can be planted on some marginal lands, can be intercropped with economic forests and the like, can be continuously harvested for more than 30 years after being planted in one year, but the peony for oil extraction is mainly of the Paeonia ostii Paeonia and Paeonia lactiflora. The breeding method of the peony seedlings is mainly divided into sexual propagation and asexual propagation at present, the sexual propagation is mainly based on sowing and is completed in spring, the asexual propagation is mainly based on cuttage and can be completed only in late autumn, and the two methods have the defects that new roots of the peony seedlings in the current year grow slowly, the growth vigor of the next year is weak, the growth progress is influenced, and fruit pods cannot be obtained or a few fruit pods are obtained in the third year.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention overcomes the difficulties by adopting the rapid asexual propagation technology of the peony used for the oil in northwest of the Hubei province, the 9-month soil preparation and ridging of the lunar calendar, the 60-70cm long ditch is opened at the center of the ridge, the rotten fertilizer or the organic fertilizer is applied in the ditch, the robust peony seedling grown in two years is horizontally placed in the ditch in the later 10 th month of the lunar calendar, the lateral branch and the top bud are bent upwards, then the root system and the main rod are covered with soil, the top bud is prevented from being covered by soil blocks, watering once after the soil covering is finished, beginning to germinate the main rod of the peony seedling buried under the soil in 2 months in the lunar calendar of the next year, beginning to grow vertically upwards on the soil of the lateral branch and the terminal bud, beginning to bud in the first ten days of 3 months, beginning to full-term in the first ten days of 4 months, beginning to bud in the second ten days of 5 months, picking the pod in the first 8 months, and cutting the main rod and the growing root system of the peony seedling buried under the ground in the first 11 ten days of the month into a plurality of sections for transplanting to the field.

The fast asexual propagation technology of the peony for the northwest of the Ebei province oil is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

a. selecting a neutral plot (PH6.5-7.5) with a deep and fertile soil layer, looseness, ventilation and good drainage in the middle ten days of 9 months in the lunar calendar, preferably sandy loam, deeply ploughing, tedding for two weeks, promoting soil curing, smashing after tedding is finished, lifting ridges 50cm wide and 15cm high, and repairing drainage ditches 20cm wide among the ridges;

b. selecting high-quality strong seedlings with 2-year-old height more than 30cm in the last ten days of the lunar calendar, cutting off diseased roots and residual roots, soaking the whole plants in 1000-fold liquid of 50% carbendazim 800-15 min for disinfection, digging rectangular small ditches with the length of 60-70cm and the depth of 20cm at intervals of 20-25cm in the center of each ridge, applying 5-8kg of rotten fertilizer in each small ditch to ensure that the peony seedlings can successfully overwinter, flatly placing the peony seedlings in the ditches, stretching the root systems, bending lateral branches and top buds upwards, covering soil on the root systems and a main rod for 3-10cm in thickness, preventing top buds from being covered by soil blocks, watering once after the soil covering is finished, and spraying the whole plants of the peony seedlings with 1000-fold liquid of 70% thiophanate methyl for overwintering in the middle ten days of 11 months for prevention and control;

c. the method comprises the following steps of beginning to sprout a peony seedling 2 months in the lunar calendar of the next year, watering for sprouting once, beginning vigorous growth of a plant in the first 3 th ten days of the lunar calendar, intertilling once, preserving soil moisture, increasing temperature by covering soil to promote a main root and a main rod to generate new roots, carrying out foliage spraying by using 0.1-0.2% of monopotassium phosphate after the lateral branches and terminal buds of the peony seedling in the first 3 th ten days to the first 4 th days of the lunar calendar spread leaves, leading the peony to enter a full-bloom stage in the second 4 th days of the lunar calendar, covering a peony flower in rainy days, ending a peony flowering period after the middle 5 months, leading the peony bud to enter a flower bud differentiation stage, leading the main root of the peony seedling and the main rod buried under the soil to be the vigorous growth stage, carrying out weeding once first, then watering once, leading the lateral branches and the terminal buds of the peony seedling exposed on the soil to be higher than 20cm, carrying out intertilling weeding once again in the first 6 th days, spraying 600 times of liquid 50% of the carbendazim liquid once, gradually maturing the peony seeds in the middle ten days of 7 months, applying 20-25kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in each mu at a ratio of 2:2:1, watering in time after application, spraying 0.2% -0.5% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution on leaf surfaces for 1 time after one week to promote plump peony seeds and normal flower bud differentiation, enabling peony pods to turn yellow in the last ten days of 7 months, enabling seeds to turn brown from white, enabling the pods to crack in the last ten days of 8 months and performing early harvest before the seeds fall off, gradually reducing the temperature in the middle ten days of 9 months, enabling the peony to enter the second secondary peak period, mainly concentrating the growth on root systems, accumulating a large amount of nutrients at the roots, enabling the main roots and the main stems buried under the soil to start sprouting, enabling the root systems of the peony to enter the vigorous growth period in the last ten days of 9 months, applying 20-25kg of potassium in each mu at a ratio of 2:2:1, watering in time after application, Meeting the requirement of new root growth, completely drying up most of peony leaves and branch tips in the last ten days of 10 months, trimming and shaping lateral branches and terminal buds in time, and gradually entering the dormant period of oil peonies in the last ten days of 11 months;

d. selecting a field same as a tree nursery land near the tree nursery land in the middle ten days of 9 months in the same year, deep ploughing, tedding and promoting soil curing, breaking up ridges 50cm wide and 15cm high after tedding is finished, repairing drainage ditches 20cm wide between the ridges, digging circular small pits 30cm in diameter and 30cm in depth at the center of each ridge at intervals of 25-30cm, applying 3-5kg of rotten fertilizer in each small ditch to ensure that the tree peony seedlings can smoothly overwinter, uncovering soil on a main rod burying the tree peony seedlings in the tree peony nursery land in 11 months, cutting off the tree peony seedlings from a first lateral branch beside a main root, carefully digging out the main rod and the root system growing on the main rod, covering the original main root with soil, enabling the root system growing on the dug main rod to completely become a main root system after 8 months of growth, and adding self-absorbed nutrition to the original main root system, The root growth on the main rod reaches the standard seedling of 2 years, the root system is divided into 2 to 3 parts according to the number of the roots of the robust branches growing upwards on the root system, the peony seedlings with the root system are transplanted to a field, the diseased roots and the residual roots are cut off, the whole plant is soaked for 10 to 15min by 50 percent Fumeishuang 800-fold liquid or 50 percent carbendazim 800-fold liquid, the soaked peony seedlings are placed into small pits, the root system is stretched, the pits are filled with soil, the peony seedlings are lifted, the root neck parts are lower than the ground by 2 to 4cm, watering is carried out, then the roots and the soil are trampled tightly, 70 percent methyl thiophanate 1000-fold liquid is sprayed on the whole plant of the seedling nursery and the peony seedlings in the field for overwintering control in the lower ten day of 11 months, the peony seedlings in the nursery and the field in the next 2 months of the lunar year begin to germinate, fertilize and intertillage and weed, the same month, 4 months, 5 and the peony seedlings in the field can both pod, 8 months, The overwintering management is as above.

Has the advantages that: the breeding method of the peony seedlings is mainly divided into sexual propagation and asexual propagation at present, the sexual propagation is mainly based on sowing and is completed in spring, the asexual propagation is mainly based on cuttage and can be completed only in late autumn, and the two methods have the defects that new roots of the peony seedlings in the current year grow slowly, the growth vigor of the next year is weak, the growth progress is influenced, and fruit pods cannot be obtained or a few fruit pods are obtained in the third year. A rapid asexual propagation technology for peony used in northwest of Hubei province includes the steps of preparing soil in 9 months of the lunar calendar and forming ridges, forming a ditch with the length of 60-70cm in the center of each ridge, applying thoroughly decomposed fertilizer or organic fertilizer in the ditch, horizontally placing strong peony seedlings grown in two years in 10 th month of the lunar calendar in the ditch, bending side branches and top buds upwards, covering soil on the root system and the main rod, preventing top buds from being covered by soil blocks, watering once after the soil covering is finished, beginning to germinate the main rod of the peony seedlings buried under the soil in 2 months of the lunar calendar in the next year, beginning to grow the side branches and the upper part of the soil of the top buds vertically upwards, beginning to grow the side branches and the top buds in 3 th days of the lunar, beginning to enter the full-age in 4 th days of the lunar, beginning to enter the flower bud differentiation period in 5 th days of the lunar, picking pods in 8 th months, and cutting the main rod of the peony seedlings buried underground and the growing root system.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of fast asexual reproduction of peony seedlings by oil peonies in northwest of the Ebei province;

in the attached drawing, 1 is soil, 2 is main root, 3 terminal bud, 4 is main stem, 5 is new root, 6 is lateral branch.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and reference numerals:

the fast asexual propagation technology of the peony for the northwest of the Ebei province oil comprises the following steps:

According to the rapid asexual propagation technology of the oil peony in northwest of the Hubei province, 2-year peony seedlings are horizontally placed in small ditches on ridges in 10 months in the lunar calendar, the main roots and the main stems directly contact with decomposed fertilizers to enable the main roots and the main stems to have sufficient nutrition, so that the main roots and the main stems can rapidly germinate and grow new roots and new lateral branches in 2 months in the lunar calendar of the next year, the new roots on the main roots and the main stems can absorb nutrients in a concentrated mode, the lateral branches and the top buds of the peony seedlings can blossom and pod in the same year, the new roots on the main stems can be dug out in 10 months in the year for splitting, the growth vigor of the new roots can reach the standard of the 2-year peony seedlings, the roots are transplanted to the big field at the bottom of the year, the next-year mother seeds and the new seedlings can bloom and pod, and the seeding process and the time for seeding and the planting households are saved.

Claims

1. The fast asexual propagation method of the peony for the northwest of the Ebei province oil is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

selecting neutral plots with deep and fertile soil layers, looseness, ventilation and good drainage in the middle ten days of 9 months in the lunar calendar, wherein the soil is sandy loam, deeply ploughing and tedding for two weeks to promote soil curing, smashing after tedding is finished, forming ridges with the width of 50cm and the height of 15cm, and repairing drainage ditches with the width of 20cm among the ridges;

b, selecting high-quality strong seedlings with the growth height of more than 30cm in 2 years in the later 10 th day of the lunar calendar, cutting off diseased roots and residual roots, soaking the whole plants in 1000 times liquid of 50% carbendazim 800-plus for 10-15min for disinfection, digging rectangular small ditches with the length of 60-70cm and the depth of 20cm at the center of each ridge at intervals of 20-25cm, applying 5-8kg of rotten fertilizer in each small ditch to ensure that the peony seedlings can successfully overwinter, flatly placing the peony seedlings in the ditches, stretching the root systems, bending lateral branches and top buds upwards, then covering soil on the root systems and a main rod for 3-10cm in thickness to prevent top buds from being covered by soil blocks, watering once after the soil covering is finished, and spraying the whole plants of the peony seedlings with 1000 times liquid of 70% thiophanate methyl for overwintering prevention in the middle 11 th day;

c, beginning to sprout in 2 months of the lunar calendar of the next year, watering for sprouting once, beginning to grow vigorously in 3 last ten days of the month, intertilling once, preserving soil moisture, increasing temperature by covering soil to promote multiple new roots on the main root and the main rod, after the lateral branches and the top buds of the peony seedlings grow out in 3 last ten days to 4 last ten days of the month, spraying foliar fertilizer by 0.1% -0.2% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, when the peony enters the full bloom stage in 4 last ten days of the month, covering the peony flowers in rainy days, when the peony flowering stage is ended in 5 middle ten days, the peony buds begin to enter the flower bud differentiation stage, when the main root of the peony seedlings and the main rod buried under the soil are in the vigorous growth stage of the new roots, weeding once before watering, watering once again, the lateral branches and the top buds of the peony seedlings exposed on the soil are grown to be higher than 20cm, weeding again in 6 last ten days, and weeding again, Spraying 50% carbendazim of 600 times liquid once and spraying once again at intervals of two weeks, gradually maturing the peony seeds in the middle ten days of 7 months later, applying 20-25kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in each mu in a ratio of 2:2:1, watering in time after application, spraying 0.2% -0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution 1 time on leaf surfaces after one week to promote plump peony seeds and normal flower bud differentiation, beginning yellowing of peony pods in the lower ten days of 7 months, beginning turning from white to brown seeds, beginning cracking of pods in the upper ten days of 8 months and early harvesting before seeds fall off, gradually turning low air temperature in the middle ten days of 9 months, beginning peony to enter a second secondary long and high peak period, mainly concentrating growth on root systems, accumulating a large amount of nutrients at the roots, beginning to germinate main roots and new roots buried under soil, in the last ten days of 9 months, the root system of the peony enters a vigorous growth period, 20-25kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are applied per mu in a ratio of 2:2:1, watering is carried out in time after application to meet the growth requirement of new roots, in the last ten days of 10 months, most leaves and tips of the peony are completely withered, lateral branches and terminal buds are trimmed and shaped in time, and in the last ten days of 11 months, the oil peony gradually enters a dormant period;

d, selecting a field which is the same as the field in the middle ten days of 9 months of the lunar calendar in the current year near the field of the peony nursery, deep ploughing and tedding to promote soil curing, breaking up ridges with the width of 50cm and the height of 15cm after tedding is finished, building drainage ditches with the width of 20cm between the ridges, digging circular small pits with the diameter of 30cm and the depth of 30cm at the center of each ridge with the interval of 25-30cm, applying 3-5kg of rotten fertilizer in each small ditch to ensure that the peony seedlings can smoothly overwinter, uncovering the soil on the underground main rod for the peony seedlings in the peony nursery in 11 months, cutting off the main rod from the first lateral branch beside the main root, carefully digging out the main rod and the root system growing on the main rod, covering the original main root with soil, and enabling the dug root system growing on the main rod to become a main root system completely after 8 months of growth, The method comprises the steps of cultivating the peony seedlings, namely cultivating the peony seedlings into 2-3 parts, transplanting the peony seedlings into a field, cutting off diseased roots and residual roots, soaking the whole peony seedlings into a small pit, unfolding the root system, filling soil in the pit, lifting the peony seedlings, enabling the root necks to be 2-4cm lower than the ground, watering, treading to ensure that root soil is tightly connected, spraying 70% methyl thiophanate 1000 times liquid to a nursery and a whole peony seedling in the field to overwinter in 11-month lower ten days, and preventing and treating the peony seedlings in the next 2-month nursery and the field from sprouting, wherein the root growth vigor of the peony seedlings on the main stem reaches the standard of 2-year growth, dividing the root system into 2-3 parts according to the number of the robust branches growing upwards on the root system, transplanting the peony seedlings into the field, cutting off the diseased roots and residual roots, soaking the whole peony seedlings in 50% thiram 800 times liquid or 50% carbendazim 800 times liquid for 10-15min, placing the soaked peony seedlings into the, Fertilizing, intertillage and weeding are performed in the same way, flowers are contained in 4 months, the peony seedlings in 5-month nursery garden and field can be pod-bearing, picked in 8 months and overwintering management is performed in the same way.