CN112868887A - 一种竹粉饲料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种竹粉饲料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- A23K10/38—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material from distillers' or brewers' waste
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- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
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- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种竹粉饲料及其制备方法,以重量百分比计,包括鲜竹原料35%‑50%、玉米15%‑30%、豆粨3%‑6%、鱼粉2%‑5%、抗病中药粉10%‑15%、防腐中药粉1%‑3%、菌种0.2%‑0.4%、白醋3%‑6%、酒糟20%‑50%、酵母菌2%‑5%、水20%‑60%。竹子含有丰富的蛋白质多种氨基酸和糖类,脂肪以及钙、磷、铁、胡萝卜素、维生素B1、B2、C等元素,特别是多种维生素和胡萝卜素的含量是大白菜含量的2倍以上,是动物生长必须的营养素;竹叶中含有大量的黄酮类化合物和生物活性多糖及其他有效成分,竹叶中所含的功能因子主要是黄酮糖苷和香豆素类内酯。以麻竹等新鲜竹粉为原料,做成的饲料经多方试验,具有提高动物免疫力、抗病毒能力强、长膘快、肉质好等特点,且竹子资源广泛、绿色环保,是利国利民的饲料资源。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及饲料制备技术领域,具体是一种竹粉饲料及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着我国社会经济的发展和城乡居民收入的不断增加,人民生活水平有了很大提高,肉蛋奶的人均消费量均已达到国际平均水平。我国的饲料工业是伴随着改革开放迅速发展起来的一个新兴行业。20年来,饲料工业从无到有、从小到大,目前已成为国民经济中的一个重要行业。同时,我国已成为世界第二大饲料生产国,配合饲料产量已占世界总产量的10%左右。但是,近年来,在饲料生产、经营和使用等方面出现了一些问题:
在饲料中非法使用违禁药物,主要是非法使用β-兴奋剂等激素;配方不合理导致滥用饲料添加剂;饲料卫生指标不合格导致饲料产品质量低劣,既会给养殖业带来经济损失,又会直接威胁人民的身体健康。
饲料产品质量和食品安全问题,已引起党和国家领导人的高度重视和全国人民的广泛关注。饲料是畜产品生产的主要原料,饲料的质量不仅与动物的生产能力有关,而且与动物产品的质量密切相关。
饲料的安全性问题会影响畜产品的安全性,同其他产品的质量安全问题相比,饲料中的不安全因素短时间内不可完全消除,在饲喂过程中蓄积在动物体内的有毒有害物质对环境造成的污染或通过人体蓄积所造成的影响是长期的,针对这一安全问题,急需寻求一种无添加剂、无毒无害的动物饲料。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种竹粉饲料及其制备方法,可以有效促进牲畜生长,而且原料来源广泛,生产制造成本低。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种竹粉饲料,以重量百分比计,包括鲜竹原料35%-50%、玉米15%-30%、豆粨3%-6%、鱼粉2%-5%、抗病中药粉10%-15%、防腐中药粉1%-3%、菌种0.2%-0.4%、白醋3%-6%、酒糟20%-50%、酵母菌2%-5%、水20%-60%。
作为上述方案的进一步描述:
所述抗病中药粉以重量百分比计,包括如下组分:鱼腥草30%-40%,鬼针草20%-30%,松针药10%-15%,葛根10%-15%。
作为上述方案的进一步描述:
所述防腐中药为山苍籽、枯矾、良姜、肉桂、丁香中的一种或多种。
作为上述方案的进一步描述:
所述菌种包括枯草芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、植物乳酸杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、醋酸杆菌中的一种或多种。
作为上述方案的进一步描述:
还包括一种竹粉饲料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)制备饲料原料:按比例称取水、白醋、酒糟和酵母菌混合后搅拌均匀,放入发酵池中发酵得饲料原料,发酵时间为30-36小时,温度为35-45℃;
(2)制备竹粉:将鲜竹原料的竹叶和竹茎分离,经切片后将其浸泡在水中3-5小时,将软化后的竹叶和竹茎脱水干燥至含水量低于10%,干燥温度为55-70℃,并将浸泡用的竹水加热煮沸后冷却备用,然后将干燥后的竹叶和竹茎粉碎至50-100目得竹粉备用;
(3)预制竹粉饲料:按比例称取玉米、豆粨、鱼粉、抗病中药粉、防腐中药粉、步骤(2)所得竹粉,步骤(1)所得饲料原料,按照1:1-2的比例加入步骤(2)中的竹水进行混合;
(4)糖化酶解:向步骤(3)所得混合饲料中添加菌种,混合后厌氧发酵30-45小时,温度控制在35-40℃;
(5)制粒或粉:将步骤(4)中发酵后的竹粉饲料干燥脱水至含水量为10-15%,然后经制粒机制成颗粒或粉末。
作为上述方案的进一步描述:
一种竹粉饲料,以重量百分比计,包括鲜竹原料35%、玉米15%、豆粨3%、鱼粉2%、抗病中药粉10%、防腐中药粉1%、菌种0.2%、白醋3%、酒糟20%、酵母菌2%、水20%。
作为上述方案的进一步描述:
一种竹粉饲料,以重量百分比计,包括鲜竹原料40%、玉米20%、豆粨4%、鱼粉3%、抗病中药粉12%、防腐中药粉2%、菌种0.3%、白醋4%、酒糟30%、酵母菌3%、水30%。
作为上述方案的进一步描述:
一种竹粉饲料,以重量百分比计,包括鲜竹原料45%、玉米25%、豆粨5%、鱼粉4%、抗病中药粉14%、防腐中药粉2%、菌种0.3%、白醋5%、酒糟40%、酵母菌4%、水45%。
作为上述方案的进一步描述:
一种竹粉饲料,以重量百分比计,包括鲜竹原料50%、玉米30%、豆粨6%、鱼粉5%、抗病中药粉15%、防腐中药粉3%、菌种0.4%、白醋6%、酒糟50%、酵母菌5%、水60%。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
竹子含有丰富的蛋白质多种氨基酸和糖类,脂肪以及钙、磷、铁、胡萝卜素、维生素B1、B2、C等元素,特别是多种维生素和胡萝卜素的含量是大白菜含量的2倍以上,是动物生长必须的营养素;
竹叶清热除烦,生津利尿,具有清热除烦,生津利尿,消除炎症的功效,可以有效预防动物呼吸道、消化道炎症,同时,竹叶中含有大量的黄酮类化合物和生物活性多糖及其他有效成分,如酚酸类化合物、蒽醌类化合物、萜类内酯、特种氨基酸和活性肤、锰、锌、硒等微量元素。竹叶中所含的功能因子主要是黄酮糖苷和香豆素类内酯。以麻竹等新鲜竹粉为原料,做成的饲料经多方试验,具有提高动物免疫力、抗病毒能力强、长膘快、肉质好等特点,且竹子资源广泛、绿色环保,是利国利民的饲料资源。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种竹粉饲料,以重量百分比计,包括鲜竹原料35%、玉米15%、豆粨3%、鱼粉2%、抗病中药粉10%、防腐中药粉1%、菌种0.2%、白醋3%、酒糟20%、酵母菌2%、水20%;其中,抗病中药粉以重量百分比计,包括如下组分:鱼腥草30%,鬼针草20%,松针药10%,葛根10%;防腐中药为山苍籽、枯矾、良姜、肉桂、丁香中的一种或多种;菌种为枯草芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、植物乳酸杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、醋酸杆菌中的一种或多种。
该竹粉饲料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)制备饲料原料:按比例称取水、白醋、酒糟和酵母菌混合后搅拌均匀,放入发酵池中发酵得饲料原料,发酵时间为30小时,温度为35℃;
(2)制备竹粉:将鲜竹原料的竹叶和竹茎分离,经切片后将其浸泡在水中3小时,将软化后的竹叶和竹茎脱水干燥至含水量低于10%,干燥温度为55℃,并将浸泡用的竹水加热煮沸后冷却备用,然后将干燥后的竹叶和竹茎粉碎至50目得竹粉备用;
(3)预制竹粉饲料:按比例称取玉米、豆粨、鱼粉、抗病中药粉、防腐中药粉、步骤(2)所得竹粉,步骤(1)所得饲料原料,按照1:1的比例加入步骤(2)中的竹水进行混合;
(4)糖化酶解:向步骤(3)所得混合饲料中添加菌种,混合后厌氧发酵30小时,温度控制在35℃;
(5)制粒或粉:将步骤(4)中发酵后的竹粉饲料干燥脱水至含水量为10%,然后经制粒机制成颗粒或粉末。
实施例2
一种竹粉饲料,以重量百分比计,包括鲜竹原料40%、玉米20%、豆粨4%、鱼粉3%、抗病中药粉12%、防腐中药粉2%、菌种0.3%、白醋4%、酒糟30%、酵母菌3%、水30%,其中,抗病中药粉以重量百分比计,包括如下组分:鱼腥草35%,鬼针草25%,松针药12%,葛根11%;防腐中药为山苍籽、枯矾、良姜、肉桂、丁香中的一种或多种;菌种为枯草芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、植物乳酸杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、醋酸杆菌中的一种或多种。
该竹粉饲料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)制备饲料原料:按比例称取水、白醋、酒糟和酵母菌混合后搅拌均匀,放入发酵池中发酵得饲料原料,发酵时间为32小时,温度为37℃;
(2)制备竹粉:将鲜竹原料的竹叶和竹茎分离,经切片后将其浸泡在水中3.5小时,将软化后的竹叶和竹茎脱水干燥至含水量低于10%,干燥温度为60℃,并将浸泡用的竹水加热煮沸后冷却备用,然后将干燥后的竹叶和竹茎粉碎至55目得竹粉备用;
(3)预制竹粉饲料:按比例称取玉米、豆粨、鱼粉、抗病中药粉、防腐中药粉、步骤(2)所得竹粉,步骤(1)所得饲料原料,按照1:1的比例加入步骤(2)中的竹水进行混合;
(4)糖化酶解:向步骤(3)所得混合饲料中添加菌种,混合后厌氧发酵35小时,温度控制在37℃;
(5)制粒或粉:将步骤(4)中发酵后的竹粉饲料干燥脱水至含水量为10%,然后经制粒机制成颗粒或粉末。
实施例3
一种竹粉饲料,以重量百分比计,包括鲜竹原料45%、玉米25%、豆粨5%、鱼粉4%、抗病中药粉14%、防腐中药粉2%、菌种0.3%、白醋5%、酒糟40%、酵母菌4%、水45%;其中,抗病中药粉以重量百分比计,包括如下组分:鱼腥草37%,鬼针草28%,松针药13%,葛根14%;防腐中药为山苍籽、枯矾、良姜、肉桂、丁香中的一种或多种;菌种为枯草芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、植物乳酸杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、醋酸杆菌中的一种或多种。
该竹粉饲料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)制备饲料原料:按比例称取水、白醋、酒糟和酵母菌混合后搅拌均匀,放入发酵池中发酵得饲料原料,发酵时间为35小时,温度为40℃;
(2)制备竹粉:将鲜竹原料的竹叶和竹茎分离,经切片后将其浸泡在水中4小时,将软化后的竹叶和竹茎脱水干燥至含水量低于10%,干燥温度为60℃,并将浸泡用的竹水加热煮沸后冷却备用,然后将干燥后的竹叶和竹茎粉碎至80目得竹粉备用;
(3)预制竹粉饲料:按比例称取玉米、豆粨、鱼粉、抗病中药粉、防腐中药粉、步骤(2)所得竹粉,步骤(1)所得饲料原料,按照1:2的比例加入步骤(2)中的竹水进行混合;
(4)糖化酶解:向步骤(3)所得混合饲料中添加菌种,混合后厌氧发酵40小时,温度控制在38℃;
(5)制粒或粉:将步骤(4)中发酵后的竹粉饲料干燥脱水至含水量为12%,然后经制粒机制成颗粒或粉末。
实施例4
一种竹粉饲料,以重量百分比计,包括鲜竹原料50%、玉米30%、豆粨6%、鱼粉5%、抗病中药粉15%、防腐中药粉3%、菌种0.4%、白醋6%、酒糟50%、酵母菌5%、水60%;其中,抗病中药粉以重量百分比计,包括如下组分:鱼腥草40%,鬼针草30%,松针药15%,葛根15%;防腐中药为山苍籽、枯矾、良姜、肉桂、丁香中的一种或多种;菌种为枯草芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、植物乳酸杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、醋酸杆菌中的一种或多种。
该竹粉饲料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)制备饲料原料:按比例称取水、白醋、酒糟和酵母菌混合后搅拌均匀,放入发酵池中发酵得饲料原料,发酵时间为36小时,温度为45℃;
(2)制备竹粉:将鲜竹原料的竹叶和竹茎分离,经切片后将其浸泡在水中5小时,将软化后的竹叶和竹茎脱水干燥至含水量低于10%,干燥温度为70℃,并将浸泡用的竹水加热煮沸后冷却备用,然后将干燥后的竹叶和竹茎粉碎至100目得竹粉备用;
(3)预制竹粉饲料:按比例称取玉米、豆粨、鱼粉、抗病中药粉、防腐中药粉、步骤(2)所得竹粉,步骤(1)所得饲料原料,按照1:2的比例加入步骤(2)中的竹水进行混合;
(4)糖化酶解:向步骤(3)所得混合饲料中添加菌种,混合后厌氧发酵45小时,温度控制在40℃;
(5)制粒或粉:将步骤(4)中发酵后的竹粉饲料干燥脱水至含水量为15%,然后经制粒机制成颗粒或粉末。
上述竹粉采用麻竹等新鲜竹粉为原料,做成的饲料经试验具有抗病毒能力强、长膘快、肉质好、无添加剂、绿色环保的特点,尤其适合水产动物饲养。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种竹粉饲料,其特征在于,以重量百分比计,包括鲜竹原料35%-50%、玉米15%-30%、豆粨3%-6%、鱼粉2%-5%、抗病中药粉10%-15%、防腐中药粉1%-3%、菌种0.2%-0.4%、白醋3%-6%、酒糟20%-50%、酵母菌2%-5%、水20%-60%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种竹粉饲料,其特征在于,所述抗病中药粉以重量百分比计,包括如下组分:鱼腥草30%-40%,鬼针草20%-30%,松针药10%-15%,葛根10%-15%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种竹粉饲料,其特征在于,所述防腐中药为山苍籽、枯矾、良姜、肉桂、丁香中的一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种竹粉饲料,其特征在于,所述菌种包括枯草芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、植物乳酸杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、醋酸杆菌中的一种或多种。
5.一种根据权利要求1-4任一所述的竹粉饲料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)制备饲料原料:按比例称取水、白醋、酒糟和酵母菌混合后搅拌均匀,放入发酵池中发酵得饲料原料,发酵时间为30-36小时,温度为35-45℃;
(2)制备竹粉:将鲜竹原料的竹叶和竹茎分离,经切片后将其浸泡在水中3-5小时,将软化后的竹叶和竹茎脱水干燥至含水量低于10%,干燥温度为55-70℃,并将浸泡用的竹水加热煮沸后冷却备用,然后将干燥后的竹叶和竹茎粉碎至50-100目得竹粉备用;
(3)预制竹粉饲料:按比例称取玉米、豆粨、鱼粉、抗病中药粉、防腐中药粉、步骤(2)所得竹粉,步骤(1)所得饲料原料,按照1:1-2的比例加入步骤(2)中的竹水进行混合;
(4)糖化酶解:向步骤(3)所得混合饲料中添加菌种,混合后厌氧发酵30-45小时,温度控制在35-40℃;
(5)制粒或粉:将步骤(4)中发酵后的竹粉饲料干燥脱水至含水量为10-15%,然后经制粒机制成颗粒或粉末。
6.一种竹粉饲料,其特征在于,以重量百分比计,包括鲜竹原料35%、玉米15%、豆粨3%、鱼粉2%、抗病中药粉10%、防腐中药粉1%、菌种0.2%、白醋3%、酒糟20%、酵母菌2%、水20%。
7.一种竹粉饲料,其特征在于,以重量百分比计,包括鲜竹原料40%、玉米20%、豆粨4%、鱼粉3%、抗病中药粉12%、防腐中药粉2%、菌种0.3%、白醋4%、酒糟30%、酵母菌3%、水30%。
8.一种竹粉饲料,其特征在于,以重量百分比计,包括鲜竹原料45%、玉米25%、豆粨5%、鱼粉4%、抗病中药粉14%、防腐中药粉2%、菌种0.3%、白醋5%、酒糟40%、酵母菌4%、水45%。
9.一种竹粉饲料,其特征在于,以重量百分比计,包括鲜竹原料50%、玉米30%、豆粨6%、鱼粉5%、抗病中药粉15%、防腐中药粉3%、菌种0.4%、白醋6%、酒糟50%、酵母菌5%、水60%。
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CN106889370A (zh) * | 2016-12-31 | 2017-06-27 | 新昌县鼎兴生物技术有限公司 | 一种竹粉发酵饲料及其制备方法 |
CN108813098A (zh) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-11-16 | 吉林仟客莱科技股份有限公司 | 含天然抗菌组分的微生物发酵复合无抗饲料 |
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