CN112790031A - Method and device for water culture high-yield seedling culture of pinellia ternata - Google Patents
Method and device for water culture high-yield seedling culture of pinellia ternata Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of seedling culture and relates to a pinellia ternate water culture high-yield seedling culture method and device. The water culture method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that under the controllable environmental condition, illumination and nutrient solution circulation are automatically controlled, and the three-dimensional multilayer planting and efficient breeding of pinellia ternata seedlings are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of seedling culture, and particularly relates to a method and a device for water culture high-yield seedling culture of pinellia ternata.
Background
The pinellia ternate seedlings sold in the market at present are mainly wild seed stems purchased in different places, and part of the wild pinellia ternate seedlings are seed stems with the diameter smaller than 10mm remained after the pinellia ternate planted in different places in the previous year is harvested, so that the outstanding problems of uneven seed stem quality, seed quality mixing, lack of excellent varieties, pest and disease infection, continuous cropping obstacle and the like exist, the yield and the quality of the pinellia ternate medicinal materials are seriously influenced, and the shortage of high-quality seed stems becomes a bottleneck for restricting the development of the pinellia ternate industry.
Patent CN109804914A patent of pinellia ternate soilless floating seedling technology applied in the prior art such as Yongjing province mentions that floating seedling is carried out by using a seedling tray, but the environment is not further controlled, so that the yield of water-cultured pinellia ternate is low, and the problem of high yield of water-cultured pinellia ternate still cannot be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a method and a device for water culture high-yield seedling culture of pinellia ternata.
A method for water culture high-yield seedling culture of pinellia ternata comprises the following steps:
cultivating pinellia ternata seed stems: selecting healthy pinellia tuber seed balls or pinellia tuber seeds, cleaning and disinfecting, inoculating the seeds in a tissue culture medium, culturing at the temperature of 22-25 ℃, at the pH of 5.8-6.0 and under the illumination of 3000Lx for 12h/d, collecting cultured tissue culture pinellia tuber seed stems after culturing for 100-120 days, cleaning and airing for later use;
water culture seedling culture: selecting high-quality undamaged and mildewless seed stems with the grain diameter larger than 10mm, sterilizing, airing, planting in a planting basket, planting in culture holes of a planting plate, and carrying out water planting on pinellia ternata seedlings by using a pinellia ternata water planting high-yield seedling device;
controlling the growth temperature to be 18-25 ℃, illuminating the LED lamp from 8 am to 8 pm, and performing intermittent flow culture by using a water culture nutrient solution, wherein the nutrient solution circularly flows for 15-30 min every 2 h;
harvesting: harvesting after culturing for 14-16 weeks, drying the whole plant, removing roots and leaves, harvesting seed balls, namely pinellia tuber seed stems, and storing the semi-summer seed stems or performing water culture seedling culture or field planting;
and (5) water culture seedling again: and continuously selecting high-quality seed stems with grain diameters larger than 10mm, no damage and no mildew, and completing a new cycle of circular production according to the water culture seedling and harvesting method.
Further, the tissue culture medium used in the step of cultivating the seed stems of pinellia ternata is prepared from the following components:
MS culture medium, 1.0-2.0 mg/L of 6-benzylaminopurine, 0.5-1.0 mg/L of naphthylacetic acid, 30.0g/L of white sugar and 6.0g/L of agar.
Further, the sterilization treatment in the water culture seedling culture step is as follows: soaking seed stem with 2% carbendazim powder suspension for 15 min.
Furthermore, the planting basket used in the water planting seedling raising step has the size of 40-55 mm of upper caliber, 25-30mm of lower caliber and 45-60 mm of height;
the field planting depth of the pinellia tuber seed balls or the pinellia tuber seeds in the field planting baskets is 20-30 mm, the plants with the diameter of 6-10 mm are field-planted by adopting ceramsite, and 1-3 seeds are field-planted in each field planting basket.
Further, the cleaning and disinfecting treatment in the step of cultivating the seed stems of pinellia ternata comprises the following steps of:
soaking and cleaning pinellia tuber seed balls or pinellia tuber seeds in soapy water, washing with tap water, soaking in 75% ethanol for 15-30 s, cleaning with sterilized deionized water for 1 time, soaking in a 5% sodium hypochlorite solution for 8-10 min, cleaning with sterilized deionized water for 3 times, and finally, drying the surface moisture of the material with sterile filter paper and culturing in a sterile culture medium.
Further, the formula of the water culture nutrient solution used in the water culture seedling culture step is as follows: 590-610 mg/L of calcium nitrate, 380-400 mg/L of potassium nitrate, 110-120 mg/L of monopotassium phosphate, 230-240 mg/L of magnesium sulfate, 2ml/L of iron salt solution and 1ml/L of trace element solution;
iron salt solution: 2g of ferric disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate and 500ml of distilled water;
solution of trace elements: boric acid 2.86mg/L, manganese sulfate 1.61mg/L, zinc sulfate 1.22mg/L, copper sulfate 0.08mg/L, ammonium molybdate 0.02 mg/L.
Further, the pH value of the water culture nutrient solution is 5.8-6.5, and the total salinity of the water culture nutrient solution is 2.0-3.8 g/L.
A seedling culture device suitable for the pinellia ternate water culture high-yield seedling culture method is a three-dimensional multilayer circulating culture device, and comprises a water culture frame, a nutrient solution box, a water culture tank, a nutrient solution circulating assembly, an LED lamp and a time control switch;
a plurality of layers of partition plates are arranged in the water culture frame, a water culture groove is formed in each partition plate, and the water culture grooves are used for culturing pinellia ternata seedlings;
the nutrient solution box is arranged at the bottom of the water culture frame and communicated with each water culture groove through a nutrient solution circulating assembly and is used for circularly replacing nutrient solution in the water culture grooves;
the LED lamp sets up in water planting groove top, and fixed mounting is on the baffle, time switch installs at water planting frame side, time switch and LED lamp electric connection for the tuber of pinellia seedling in the below water planting inslot is opened to timing control LED lamp.
Further, the nutrient solution circulation assembly comprises a submersible pump, a transfusion pipe network and a return pipe network;
the submersible pump is arranged in the nutrient solution box, is connected with a power supply through a timer socket and is used for controlling the submersible pump to convey nutrient solution in a timing mode;
the infusion pipe network comprises a main infusion pipe and a plurality of branch infusion pipes, one end of the main infusion pipe is connected with the submersible pump, the main infusion pipe is fixed on the water culture rack and extends along the height direction of the water culture rack, one ends of the branch infusion pipes are communicated with the side wall of the main infusion pipe, the other ends of the branch infusion pipes are communicated with the water culture groove, and the branch infusion pipes are arranged corresponding to the water culture groove;
backflow pipe network includes main back flow and a plurality of back flow, prop up the back flow with the water planting groove corresponds the setting, and the one end of every back flow sets up with the water planting groove lateral wall intercommunication that corresponds, the other end of propping up the back flow with main back flow intercommunication, main back flow is laid along the lateral wall of water planting frame and is collected the nutrient solution, and the bottom end and the nutrient solution case intercommunication of main back flow.
Further, a field planting plate is arranged above the water planting groove, a plurality of culture holes are formed in the field planting plate, and the culture holes are used for fixing field planting baskets containing pinellia ternate seedlings.
The method and the device for water culture high-yield seedling cultivation of the pinellia ternata solve the outstanding problems of uneven seed stem quality, mixed germplasm, low uniformity, lack of excellent seed stems, disease virus infection, continuous cropping obstacle, high seedling cost and the like in the conventional pinellia ternata seedling cultivation method;
the pinellia ternata seedling effectively ensures the high quality and purity of the seedling through the measures of tissue culture, detoxification, seed source identification and the like, improves the yield and quality of the seedling, avoids field planting of the seedling with virus, overcomes the influence of continuous cropping obstacles, and powerfully improves the product market competitiveness of the seedling.
The water culture nutrient solution formula can fully meet the requirements of pinellia ternate water culture on nutrition in seedling emergence stages and seedling forming stages at different growth stages, and proper nutrient supply ensures high quality, high yield and seed stem activity of pinellia ternate seedlings, thereby laying a good foundation for field planting.
The LED lamp used in the cultivation device is a light source meeting the photosynthesis requirement of pinellia ternate seedlings, the effective weight increment and the efficient breeding of the pinellia ternate seedlings can be realized, and the multiplication rate of the seed stems can reach more than 7 times.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a front view showing a seedling raising device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a top view of a seedling raising device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a side view of a seedling raising apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 shows a flow chart of a water culture seedling method of pinellia ternata according to an embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals: 1. a water culture rack; 2. a nutrient solution tank; 3. a water culture tank; 4. an LED lamp; 5. a submersible pump; 6. a time control switch; 7. a transfusion pipe network; 8. a return pipe network; 9. a filter screen; 10. and (5) planting plates.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The utility model provides a high yield device of growing seedlings of tuber of pinellia water planting, as shown in figure 1, the device of growing seedlings is three-dimensional multilayer circulation culture apparatus, and three-dimensional multilayer circulation culture apparatus includes water planting frame 1, nutrient solution case 2, water planting groove 3, nutrient solution circulation subassembly and LED lamp 4.
The water culture frame 1 is composed of two vertically arranged side plates and a plurality of layers of partition plates fixed between the two side plates, and the plurality of layers of partition plates are arranged at equal intervals.
All be provided with a plurality of water planting grooves 3 on every baffle, as shown in fig. 2, water planting groove 3 is used for cultivateing the tuber of pinellia seedling, and 3 tops in water planting groove are provided with field planting board 10, a plurality of cultivation holes have been seted up on the field planting board, the cultivation hole is used for the fixed field planting basket of putting the tuber of pinellia seedling. Hydroponic groove 3 is linked together through nutrient solution circulation subassembly and nutrient solution case 2, realizes that the nutrient solution in hydroponic groove 3 can be continuous supply.
the submersible pump 5 is arranged in the nutrient solution tank 2 and is connected with a power supply through a timer socket, so that intermittent timed starting and closing are realized, the submersible pump is started every 2 hours for 15-30 min to convey nutrient solution, and circulation is performed for 24 hours;
the time control switch 6 is arranged on the side edge of the water culture frame 1, the time control switch 6 is electrically connected with the LED lamp 4 and is used for controlling the LED lamp 4 to be turned on and off in a timing mode, and the LED lamp is turned on from 8:00 to 20:00 to illuminate;
as shown in fig. 3, the transfusion pipe network 7 comprises a main transfusion pipe and a plurality of branch transfusion pipes, one end of the main transfusion pipe is connected with the submersible pump 5, the main transfusion pipe is fixed on the water planting frame 1 and extends along the height direction of the water planting frame 1, one ends of the branch transfusion pipes are communicated with the side wall of the main transfusion pipe, the other ends of the branch transfusion pipes are communicated with the water planting groove 3, and nutrient solution is output through the submersible pump 5 and enters the water planting groove 3 through the branch transfusion pipe after passing through the main transfusion pipe.
The backflow pipe network 8 comprises a main backflow pipe and a plurality of branch backflow pipes, the branch backflow pipes are arranged corresponding to the water culture tanks 3, one end of each branch backflow pipe is communicated with the corresponding side wall of the water culture tank 3, namely, one side of each water culture tank 3 is communicated with a branch liquid conveying pipe, and the other side of each branch backflow pipe is communicated with a branch backflow pipe. A plurality of back flow with main back flow intercommunication, main back flow is vertical to be laid until 1 bottom of water planting frame along the lateral wall of water planting frame 1 equally, and the bottom end and the nutrient solution case 2 intercommunication of main back flow. The return liquid entrance of nutrient solution case 2 is provided with the filter screen, and the return liquid filters the back through filter screen 9 and gets into nutrient solution case 2 inside.
The nutrient solution entry that water planting groove 3 and branch transfer line are connected is higher than the nutrient solution export, and the nutrient solution export is promptly for a back flow pipe and water planting groove 3 junction, realizes that the nutrient solution can flow into following main back flow through a back flow pipe automatically, and in flowing back to nutrient solution case 2, through the continuous circulation flow of nutrient solution, provide sufficient nutrition and dissolved oxygen for the growth of tuber pinellia plant.
The pinellia ternate water culture high-yield seedling culture device can fully utilize the three-dimensional space through the arrangement of the water culture frame 1, and can efficiently culture pinellia ternate seedlings through the timed circulation of the water culture solution and the illumination cooperation of the LED lamp 4.
The invention also relates to a water culture high-yield seedling raising method of pinellia ternata, which comprises the following steps as shown in figure 4:
step one, cultivating pinellia ternata seed stems: selecting healthy pinellia tuber seed balls or pinellia tuber seeds, cleaning and disinfecting, inoculating the seeds in a sterile culture medium, culturing at the temperature of 22-25 ℃, the pH value of 5.8-6.0, the illumination intensity of 3000Lx and the illumination of 12h/d, collecting cultured tissue culture pinellia tuber seed stems after culturing for 100-120 days, cleaning and airing for later use.
The pinellia tuber seed ball or seed may be wild one or health one.
The cleaning and disinfecting treatment in this step includes:
soaking and cleaning pinellia tuber seed balls or pinellia tuber seeds in soapy water, washing with tap water, soaking in 75% ethanol for 15-30 s, cleaning with sterilized deionized water for 1 time, soaking in a 5% sodium hypochlorite solution for 8-10 min, cleaning with sterilized deionized water for 3 times, and finally, drying the surface moisture of the material with sterile filter paper and culturing in a sterile culture medium.
The culture medium used in the step of cultivating the pinellia ternata seed stems is prepared from the following components:
MS culture medium, 1.0-2.0 mg/L of 6-benzylaminopurine, 0.5-1.0 mg/L of naphthylacetic acid, 30.0g/L of white sugar and 6.0g/L of agar.
Step two, water culture seedling culture: selecting high-quality undamaged and mildew-free seed stems with the grain diameter of more than 10mm cultivated in the first step, air-drying the seed stems after sterilization treatment, planting the seed stems in a planting basket, placing the seed stems in culture holes of a planting plate after planting, and carrying out water planting on pinellia ternata seedlings by using the seedling culture device;
controlling the growth temperature to be 18-25 ℃, illuminating the LED lamp from 8 am to 20 pm, and performing intermittent flow culture by using a water culture nutrient solution, wherein the nutrient solution circularly flows for 15-30 min every 2 h.
The sterilization treatment comprises the following steps: soaking seed stem with 2% carbendazim powder suspension for 15 min.
The planting basket used in the step has the dimensions of an upper caliber of 40-55 mm, a lower caliber of 25-30mm and a height of 45-60 mm;
the field planting depth of the pinellia tuber seed balls or the pinellia tuber seeds in the field planting baskets is 20-30 mm, the plants with the diameter of 6-10 mm are field-planted by adopting ceramsite, and 1-3 seeds are field-planted in each field planting basket.
In the step, the type of the LED lamp is white 2835 lamp beads, the power of each lamp bead is 1W, and the CCT is 6500K.
Harvesting in the third step: harvesting after culturing for 14-16 weeks, drying the whole plant, removing roots and leaves, harvesting seed balls to obtain pinellia tuber seed stems, classifying the harvested pinellia tuber seed stems according to the existing classification standard, and storing or culturing in water or planting in field.
Step four, water culture seedling again: and continuously selecting high-quality seed stems with grain diameters larger than 10mm, no damage and no mildew, and completing a new cycle of circular production according to the water culture seedling and harvesting method.
In the cultivation apparatus and cultivation method of the present invention, the following formula of the hydroponic nutrient solution is used:
590-610 mg/L of calcium nitrate, 380-400 mg/L of potassium nitrate, 110-120 mg/L of monopotassium phosphate, 230-240 mg/L of magnesium sulfate, 2ml/L of iron salt solution and 1ml/L of trace element solution;
iron salt solution: 2g of ferric disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate and 500ml of distilled water;
solution of trace elements: boric acid 2.86mg/L, manganese sulfate 1.61mg/L, zinc sulfate 1.22mg/L, copper sulfate 0.08mg/L, ammonium molybdate 0.02 mg/L.
The pH value of the prepared water culture nutrient solution is 5.8-6.5, and the total salinity of the water culture nutrient solution is 2.0-3.8 g/L.
Example 1
Step one, cultivating pinellia ternata seed stems:
collecting wild or domesticated robust pinellia tuber seed balls, cleaning and sterilizing, then inoculating the seeds on a culture medium of MS +6-BA2.0mg/L + NAA1.0mg/L + white sugar 30.0g/L + agar 6.0g/L for further seedling culture at the culture temperature of 22-25 ℃, the pH value of 5.8-6.0, the illumination intensity of 3000Lx and the illumination of 12h/d, continuing to transfer and expand the culture after culturing for 100-120 days, wherein the culture conditions are the same as above. Collecting the cultured tissue culture pinellia tuber seed stems, cleaning and airing for later use.
Step two, water culture seedling culture:
selecting non-damaged and mildew-free high-quality seed balls with the particle size of more than 10mm, soaking the seed balls in 2% carbendazim powder suspension for 15min, fishing out and airing the seed balls, planting the seed balls in a planting basket, planting the seed balls in the planting basket with the size of 55mm in caliber and 60mm in height and the planting depth of 30mm, planting the seed balls in 10 mm-diameter plants by using ceramsite, planting 1-2 pinellia tuber seed balls in each planting basket, placing the seed balls in culture holes of a planting plate after planting, completing planting and carrying out water planting on the pinellia tuber seedlings.
And after planting, controlling the growth temperature to be 18-25 ℃, illuminating by using an LED lamp from 8 am to 20 pm, and performing intermittent flow culture by using a water culture nutrient solution, wherein the nutrient solution circularly flows for 30min every 2 h.
Step three, harvesting:
harvesting after culturing for 15 weeks, drying the whole plant, removing roots and leaves, and harvesting seed balls, namely the pinellia tuber seed stems. And (4) classifying the collected pinellia tuber seed stems according to size, and then storing or carrying out water culture seedling raising or field planting again.
Step four, water culture seedling again:
selecting high-quality tissue culture seed stems with grain diameters larger than 10mm, having no damage and mildew, or seed stems produced in last water culture seedling culture, and starting a new round of circular production according to the second step and the third step to realize annual multiple production and efficient breeding of pinellia ternate water culture seedling culture.
The formula of the water culture nutrient solution is as follows: 590mg/L of calcium nitrate, 380mg/L of potassium nitrate, 110mg/L of monopotassium phosphate, 230mg/L of magnesium sulfate, 2ml/L of ferric salt solution and 1ml/L of trace element solution, and adjusting the pH value of the water culture nutrient solution of the pinellia ternata to 6.2.
Iron salt solution: 2g of ferric disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate and 500ml of distilled water.
Solution of trace elements: boric acid 2.86mg/L, manganese sulfate 1.61mg/L, zinc sulfate 1.22mg/L, copper sulfate 0.08mg/L, ammonium molybdate 0.02 mg/L.
Example 2
Step one, cultivating pinellia ternata seed stems:
collecting wild or family healthy seeds, cleaning and sterilizing, then inoculating the seeds on a culture medium of MS +6-BA1.0mg/L + NAA0.5mg/L + white sugar 30.0g/L + agar 6.0g/L for further seedling culture at the culture temperature of 22-25 ℃, the pH value of 5.8-6.0, the illumination intensity of 3000Lx and the illumination of 12h/d, continuing to transfer and expand culture after culturing for 100-120 days, wherein the culture conditions are the same as above. Collecting the cultured tissue culture pinellia tuber seed stems, cleaning and airing for later use.
Step two, water culture seedling culture:
selecting non-damaged and mildew-free high-quality seed balls with the particle size of more than 10mm, soaking the seed balls in 2% carbendazim powder suspension for 15min, fishing out and airing the seed balls, planting the seed balls in a planting basket, planting the seed balls in the planting basket with the size of 55mm in caliber and 60mm in height and the planting depth of 30mm, planting the seed balls in 10 mm-diameter plants by using ceramsite, planting 1-2 pinellia tuber seed balls in each planting basket, placing the seed balls in culture holes of a planting plate after planting, completing planting and carrying out water planting on the pinellia tuber seedlings.
And after planting, controlling the growth temperature to be 18-25 ℃, illuminating by using an LED lamp from 8 am to 20 pm, and performing intermittent flow culture by using a water culture nutrient solution, wherein the nutrient solution circularly flows for 30min every 2 h.
Step three, harvesting:
harvesting after culturing for 15 weeks, drying the whole plant, removing roots and leaves, and harvesting seed balls, namely the pinellia tuber seed stems. And (4) classifying the collected pinellia tuber seed stems according to size, and then storing or carrying out water culture seedling raising or field planting again.
Step four, water culture seedling again:
selecting high-quality tissue culture seed stems with grain diameters larger than 10mm, having no damage and mildew, or seed stems produced in last water culture seedling culture, and starting a new round of circular production according to the second step and the third step to realize annual multiple production and efficient breeding of pinellia ternate water culture seedling culture.
The formula of the water culture nutrient solution is as follows: 610mg/L of calcium nitrate, 400mg/L of potassium nitrate, 120mg/L of monopotassium phosphate, 240mg/L of magnesium sulfate, 2ml/L of iron salt solution and 1ml/L of trace element solution, and adjusting the pH value of the water culture nutrient solution of the pinellia ternata to 6.2.
Iron salt solution: 2g of ferric disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate and 500ml of distilled water.
Solution of trace elements: boric acid 2.86mg/L, manganese sulfate 1.61mg/L, zinc sulfate 1.22mg/L, copper sulfate 0.08mg/L, ammonium molybdate 0.02 mg/L.
Comparative example 1:
the difference from example 1 is that the nutrient solution is selected from the Hoagland formula: 945mg/L calcium nitrate, 506mg/L potassium nitrate, 80mg/L ammonium nitrate, 136mg/L ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 493mg/L magnesium sulfate, 2ml/L iron salt solution and 1ml/L trace element solution, and the pH is adjusted to 6.2.
Comparative example 2:
the difference from the embodiment 1 is that the ratio of the red light to the blue light is 5: 1 LED lamp.
The germination rates, the number of seed stalks produced, and the like of example 1, example 2, comparative example 1, and comparative example 2 were compared, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 growth and related yield information for hydroponic pinellia ternate of the present invention
| Item | Germination rate | Number of seed stems produced per seed | Seed stem yield/g | Average seed stem weight/g | Fold of proliferation |
| Example 1 | 96.0 | 606 | 228.0 | 0.376 | 7.10 |
| Example 2 | 97.0 | 636 | 233.4 | 0.367 | 7.27 |
| Comparative example 1 | 87.9 | 432 | 125.3 | 0.290 | 3.90 |
| Comparative example 2 | 86.9 | 384 | 119.0 | 0.310 | 3.71 |
From the statistical results in table 1, it can be seen that, by comparing example 1 with comparative example 1, compared with the hoagland water culture nutrient solution, the indexes such as germination percentage and the like of pinellia ternate seedlings cultured by using the pinellia ternate water culture nutrient solution are obviously improved, the germination percentage is improved by 9.2%, the output quantity is improved by 40.3%, the seed stem yield is improved by 82.0%, the average weight of seed stems is improved by 29.7%, and the multiplication is improved by 82.0%; by comparing the example 1 with the comparative example 2, the LED lamp type used in the invention can obviously improve the yield of the water-cultured pinellia tuber seedlings.
In conclusion, the pinellia ternata seedling is cultured by the water culture nutrient solution formula, the LED lamp type and the three-dimensional multi-layer circulating culture device, and the three-dimensional multi-layer planting and efficient breeding of the pinellia ternata seedling are realized under the controllable environmental condition. The method is not limited by seasons, can realize annual production, can realize cyclic planting and multiple harvesting of pinellia ternata seedlings within one year, and provides a brand new idea for industrial seedling culture of pinellia ternata medicinal materials. The invention saves land and labor, effectively controls the pest and disease pollution, reduces the production cost and is expected to realize the production target of industrial seedling culture.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for water culture high-yield seedling culture of pinellia ternata is characterized by comprising the following steps:
cultivating pinellia ternata seed stems: selecting healthy pinellia tuber seed balls or pinellia tuber seeds, cleaning and disinfecting, inoculating the seeds in a tissue culture medium, culturing at the temperature of 22-25 ℃, at the pH of 5.8-6.0 and under the illumination of 3000Lx for 12h/d, collecting cultured tissue culture pinellia tuber seed stems after culturing for 100-120 days, cleaning and airing for later use;
water culture seedling culture: selecting high-quality undamaged and mildewless seed stems with the grain diameter larger than 10mm, sterilizing, airing, planting in a planting basket, planting in culture holes of a planting plate, and carrying out water planting on pinellia ternata seedlings by using a pinellia ternata water planting high-yield seedling device;
controlling the growth temperature to be 18-25 ℃, illuminating the LED lamp from 8 am to 8 pm, and performing intermittent flow culture by using a water culture nutrient solution, wherein the nutrient solution circularly flows for 15-30 min every 2 h;
harvesting: harvesting after culturing for 14-16 weeks, drying the whole plant, removing roots and leaves, harvesting seed balls, namely pinellia tuber seed stems, and storing the semi-summer seed stems or performing water culture seedling culture or field planting;
and (5) water culture seedling again: and continuously selecting high-quality seed stems with grain diameters larger than 10mm, no damage and no mildew, and completing a new cycle of circular production according to the water culture seedling and harvesting method.
2. The method for water culture high-yield seedling cultivation of pinellia ternata as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tissue culture medium used in the step of cultivating the seed stems of pinellia ternata is prepared from the following components:
MS culture medium, 1.0-2.0 mg/L of 6-benzylaminopurine, 0.5-1.0 mg/L of naphthylacetic acid, 30.0g/L of white sugar and 6.0g/L of agar.
3. The method for water culture high-yield seedling culture of pinellia ternata according to claim 1, wherein the sterilization treatment in the water culture seedling culture step is as follows: soaking seed stem with 2% carbendazim powder suspension for 15 min.
4. The method for water culture high-yield seedling culture of the pinellia ternata as claimed in claim 1, wherein the planting basket used in the water culture seedling culture step is 40-55 mm in upper caliber, 25-30mm in lower caliber and 45-60 mm in height;
the field planting depth of the pinellia tuber seed balls or the pinellia tuber seeds in the field planting baskets is 20-30 mm, the plants with the diameter of 6-10 mm are field-planted by adopting ceramsite, and 1-3 seeds are field-planted in each field planting basket.
5. The method for hydroponically growing high-yield seedlings of pinellia ternata as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cleaning and sterilizing treatment in the step of cultivating the seed stems of pinellia ternata comprises:
soaking and cleaning pinellia tuber seed balls or pinellia tuber seeds in soapy water, washing with tap water, soaking in 75% ethanol for 15-30 s, cleaning with sterilized deionized water for 1 time, soaking in a 5% sodium hypochlorite solution for 8-10 min, cleaning with sterilized deionized water for 3 times, and finally, drying the surface moisture of the material with sterile filter paper and culturing in a sterile culture medium.
6. The method for water culture high-yield seedling culture of pinellia ternata according to claim 1, wherein the formula of the water culture nutrient solution used in the water culture seedling culture step is as follows: 590-610 mg/L of calcium nitrate, 380-400 mg/L of potassium nitrate, 110-120 mg/L of monopotassium phosphate, 230-240 mg/L of magnesium sulfate, 2ml/L of iron salt solution and 1ml/L of trace element solution;
iron salt solution: 2g of ferric disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate and 500ml of distilled water;
solution of trace elements: boric acid 2.86mg/L, manganese sulfate 1.61mg/L, zinc sulfate 1.22mg/L, copper sulfate 0.08mg/L, ammonium molybdate 0.02 mg/L.
7. The method for water culture high-yield seedling cultivation of the pinellia ternata as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pH of the water culture nutrient solution is 5.8-6.5, and the total salinity of the water culture nutrient solution is 2.0-3.8 g/L.
8. A seedling culture device suitable for the pinellia ternata water culture high-yield seedling culture method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the seedling culture device is a three-dimensional multi-layer circulation culture device, and the three-dimensional multi-layer circulation culture device comprises a water culture rack, a nutrient solution box, a water culture tank, a nutrient solution circulation assembly, an LED lamp and a time control switch;
a plurality of layers of partition plates are arranged in the water culture frame, a water culture groove is formed in each partition plate, and the water culture grooves are used for culturing pinellia ternata seedlings;
the nutrient solution box is arranged at the bottom of the water culture frame and communicated with each water culture groove through a nutrient solution circulating assembly and is used for circularly replacing nutrient solution in the water culture grooves;
the LED lamp sets up in water planting groove top, and fixed mounting is on the baffle, time switch installs at water planting frame side, time switch and LED lamp electric connection for the tuber of pinellia seedling in the below water planting inslot is opened to timing control LED lamp.
9. A device as claimed in claim 8, in which the nutrient solution circulation assembly comprises a submersible pump, a fluid pipe network and a return pipe network;
the submersible pump is arranged in the nutrient solution box, is connected with a power supply through a timer socket and is used for controlling the submersible pump to convey nutrient solution in a timing mode;
the infusion pipe network comprises a main infusion pipe and a plurality of branch infusion pipes, one end of the main infusion pipe is connected with the submersible pump, the main infusion pipe is fixed on the water culture rack and extends along the height direction of the water culture rack, one ends of the branch infusion pipes are communicated with the side wall of the main infusion pipe, the other ends of the branch infusion pipes are communicated with the water culture groove, and the branch infusion pipes are arranged corresponding to the water culture groove;
backflow pipe network includes main back flow and a plurality of back flow, prop up the back flow with the water planting groove corresponds the setting, and the one end of every back flow sets up with the water planting groove lateral wall intercommunication that corresponds, the other end of propping up the back flow with main back flow intercommunication, main back flow is laid along the lateral wall of water planting frame and is collected the nutrient solution, and the bottom end and the nutrient solution case intercommunication of main back flow.
10. A seedling raising device as claimed in claim 8, wherein a planting plate is arranged above the water culture tank, a plurality of culture holes are formed in the planting plate, and the culture holes are used for fixing planting baskets for placing pinellia ternata seedlings.
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| CN114885713A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-08-12 | 黑龙江农垦职业学院 | Seedling raising device and seedling raising method |
| CN115281093A (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2022-11-04 | 湖北中医药大学 | Efficient production method of pinellia tuber virus-free microspheres |
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