CN115281093A - Efficient production method of pinellia tuber virus-free microspheres - Google Patents
Efficient production method of pinellia tuber virus-free microspheres Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an efficient production method of pinellia tuber detoxified microspheres, which comprises five stages of culture of detoxified seedlings, culture of tissue culture seedlings, seedling rejuvenation of a tissue culture bottle, seedling rejuvenation of a floating disc, seedling raising of the floating disc and microsphere stem harvesting. The invention takes the bulbil and the seeds as the materials to obtain the detoxified seedling; the production of the virus-free micro-bulbs is carried out by taking the virus-free seedlings as materials and utilizing a tissue culture technology, so that the virus-free seedling resources are utilized to the maximum extent, and the cost of the pinellia ternata seedling rejuvenation is reduced; the invention is based on artificial growth chamber seedling culture, automatically controls the temperature, and is not limited by weather and seasons; the invention is based on the floating plate soilless seedling culture, can reasonably adjust the nutrition supply at any time according to the growth vigor and the seedling stage change of the seedlings, and can reduce the occurrence of soil-borne diseases and the use of pesticides; the invention cultivates the tissue culture seedling into the microsphere stem which is used as the production material of the pinellia ternata original seed, and lays a foundation for the factory production of the pinellia ternata virus-free seedling. The method provided by the invention is easy to implement and convenient to popularize.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of traditional Chinese medicine seedling production, and particularly relates to an efficient production method of pinellia tuber virus-free microspheres.
Background
The information disclosed in this background of the invention is only for the purpose of increasing an understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is already known to a person skilled in the art.
Pinellia ternate Pinelliateernata (thunb.) Breit is a herb plant of Araceae, and tuber is dried to obtain traditional Chinese medicinal material pinellia ternate, which has effects of eliminating dampness and phlegm, lowering adverse qi and relieving vomit, relieving distension and fullness and resolving hard mass; can be used for treating damp phlegm, cold phlegm, cough, asthma, excessive phlegm, phlegm-fluid retention, and palpitation. Tuber and bulbil of pinellia ternata are medicinal materials and also main propagation materials, and in the production process, after the tuber and bulbil are collected and dug, part of tuber and bulbil are selected to be directly reserved or simply screened and reserved, and the reservation mode has the following problems: 1. the use cost of seedlings planted by medical farmers or medical pinellia ternata is too high, and 400-500kg of tubers and bulbels are generally needed to be used as seedlings per mu; 2. the tuber or the bulbil directly harvested in the field is adopted as a propagation material, and the problems of gradual degeneration of the seed properties, virus and pathogenic bacteria of the propagation material, reduction of resistance, poor plant growth potential and the like exist, so that the diseases such as field plant virus diseases, leaf spot diseases, soft rot diseases and the like are serious, the propagation coefficient of field pinellia ternata is low, the yield and the quality are low, and the planting benefit of medical farmers is not high. Purification and rejuvenation of pinellia ternate seedlings and efficient production are urgently needed to promote sustainable development of the pinellia ternate industry.
In the existing literature, a plurality of reports are reported, and after the pinellia ternata tissue culture seedlings grow, field transplantation is carried out; in the practical production, the transplantation of pinellia ternata seedlings at this stage has problems that firstly, at the initial stage of hardening off, the leaves of the tissue culture seedlings are extremely easy to dehydrate, the growth vigor is weak, the air in the field is difficult to maintain high humidity, and the final survival rate is influenced; secondly, after the tissue culture seedlings are obtained, the tubers of the seedlings are very small, the seedlings cannot be used as medicinal materials after being directly transplanted into a field and growing for 2-3 months, so that the use cost and time cost of the land are increased, and the advantages and the value of the detoxified tissue culture seedling resources are not fully utilized; and thirdly, transplanting the tissue culture seedlings, which is limited by the phenological period of the pinellia ternata, is carried out in 3 months or 9 months, otherwise, the seedlings cannot survive in the field. The difficulty greatly limits the application of the seedling detoxification, tissue culture and tissue culture seedling hardening technology in pinellia ternata planting.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of tissue culture production and cultivation of the traditional pinellia tuber virus-free seedlings, the invention aims to provide a high-efficiency production method of virus-free micro-bulbs in a pinellia tuber production process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a production method of pinellia tuber detoxified microsphere stems comprises five stages of utilizing seeds or bulbels to culture detoxified seedlings, culturing tissue culture seedlings and tissue culture bottle seedling reviving, floating plate seedling raising and microsphere stem harvesting, wherein each stage mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) Sterilizing buds or seeds of pinellia ternata; culturing bud heads or seeds into seedlings by using MS or a dilution culture medium thereof;
(2) Taking the detoxified seedling in the step (1) as a material to obtain a pinellia ternate explant, carrying out one-time seedling culture on the pinellia ternate explant by an MS culture medium to grow a tissue culture seedling, and rejuvenating the tissue culture seedling in a tissue culture bottle;
(3) Selecting a plug tray with a water storage tray as a seedbed; vermiculite and perlite are used as substrates, and water is used as a culture solution; transplanting the tissue culture seedlings; after transplanting, adding a transparent cover or covering a transparent film, and carrying out seedling revival on a floating disc;
(4) After the seedling revival is finished, culturing by using nutrient solution or an improved formula, wherein the concentration of the nutrient solution is gradually increased along with the culture time;
(5) After hardening the seedlings by the floating plate, stopping supplying the nutrient solution when most pinellia ternate seedlings enter the procedure and pouring the seedlings, and adjusting the temperature and the humidity to promote the speed of pouring the pinellia ternate seedlings; after the matrix is dried completely, separating the semi-summer micro-corms from the matrix, and collecting the micro-corms; and (5) naturally drying the remained matrix and keeping.
Further, in the step (1), healthy pinellia ternata which is free of diseases and insect pests and good in growth vigor is selected, bulbils are dug, bud heads are cut after the pinellia ternata is cleaned, and the pinellia ternata is disinfected; or selecting healthy pinellia ternate which has no plant diseases and insect pests and better growth vigor and has spathe, pouring seedlings, collecting seeds, soaking in water bath at 25-37 ℃ for 10-42 h, sucking water by using filter paper, soaking for 60-90 s by using 75% ethanol, then sterilizing, cleaning and washing for 4-6 times by using sterile ultrapure water, and sucking water by using sterile filter paper; further, the sterilization is performed by mercuric chloride, hypochlorous acid, sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide, and the like.
Further, in the step (1), the culture conditions are that the temperature is 20-27 ℃ and the humidity is 60 +/-5%; the illumination is 2000-6000 Lx, and the illumination time is 12-14 h/d; the seedling can be formed after the pearl bud culture is carried out for 10-20 days, and the seedling can be formed after the seed culture is carried out for 50-70 days.
Further, in the step (2), the MS culture medium comprises 1.0-3.0 mg/L of 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) and 0.25-0.75 mg/L of naphthylacetic acid (NAA).
Further, in the step (2), selecting a tissue culture bottle with the height of 2/3 of tissue culture seedlings in the bottle being more than 2cm, uncovering the bottle cover, and carrying out tissue culture bottle seedling revival; the seedling recovering conditions are as follows: the temperature is 22-27 ℃, the humidity is 60 +/-5%, the illumination is 2000-6000 Lx, the illumination time is 12-14 h/d, and the seedling reviving time is 1-3 d, so that the tissue culture seedlings adapt to the external environment.
Further, in the step (3), each hole of the hole disc is 2-5 cm in diameter and 4-5 cm in depth; the planting depth is 2-4 cm.
Further, in the step (3), 4-5 parts of vermiculite and 1-2 parts of perlite are contained in the matrix.
Further, in the step (3), the plug tray is filled with the substrate, and water is added into the water storage tray to 1/2 of the position; and covering a transparent cover or covering a transparent film after transplanting.
Further, in the step (3), selecting a tissue culture seedling with roots, tubers and leaves; if intact tubers with firm texture and epidermis, no root and no leaf are formed, seedlings can be trained.
Further, in the step (3), the conditions of the seedling rejuvenation of the floating plate are as follows: the environmental temperature is 20-27 ℃, the illumination is 2000-8000 Lx, the illumination time is 10-14 h/d, the seedling recovery time in two stages is 7-15 d, water is supplemented once according to the actual situation of 2-4 d, and the water level in the water storage disc is ensured to be 1/4-1/2.
Further, in the step (4), the nutrient solution is an MS nutrient solution, a Kawasaki nutrient solution, a Hoagland nutrient solution, a Japanese garden nutrient solution or the like.
Further, in the step (4), the concentration of the nutrient solution changes along with the change of the culture time: 0 to 15d, and the EC value is 0.6 to 0.8mS/cm; 15-30d, the EC value is 0.8-1.2 mS/cm; 30-50d, the EC value is 1.2-2.0 mS/cm; after 50 days, the EC value is 2.0-3.0 mS/cm.
Further, in the step (4), the seedling cultivation lasts for 70-80 d, the temperature is 22-28 ℃, the humidity is 60 +/-5%, the illumination is 4000-8000 Lx, and the illumination time is 12-14 h/d.
Further, in the step (5), after hardening seedlings for 70-80 days by using a floating disc, most pinellia ternate seedlings enter a program to be poured; the supply of the nutrient solution was stopped, and the temperature was adjusted to 30 to 34 ℃.
Further, in the step (5), the microsphere stems can be used as materials for original stock production after being collected; the matrix is naturally air-dried, reserved and can be recycled for 2 to 3 times after sterilization.
Compared with the prior art, the pinellia ternate tissue culture seedling high-efficiency hardening method has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method provided by the invention is easy to implement and convenient to popularize;
2. the invention takes the bulbil and the seeds as the materials to obtain the detoxified seedling; the virus-free seedlings are used as materials, the tissue culture technology is utilized, the virus-free micro-bulbs are produced, the virus-free seedling resources are utilized to the maximum extent, the cost of the pinellia tuber virus-free seedlings is reduced to be less than 2 minutes, and the cost of the pinellia tuber seedlings for rejuvenation is greatly reduced;
3. the invention is based on artificial growth chamber seedling culture, automatically controls the temperature, is not limited by weather and seasons, and can carry out seedling hardening of pinellia ternata tissue culture seedlings annually, wherein the seedling hardening period is 70-90 days; the seedbed is covered by a transparent cover or a film, so that the humidity of the seedbed is ensured, the growth condition of the detoxified seedlings is better, and the survival rate reaches more than 95 percent; based on the multi-layer seedling-refining frame, the space is utilized to the maximum extent, and the land use cost is reduced;
4. the seedbed and the matrix used in the invention can be repeatedly utilized, the seedling harvesting is simple and quick, each tissue culture seedling can obtain at least 6 microsphere stems, and the cultivation cost and the harvesting cost of the field seedlings are reduced;
5. the invention is based on the floating plate soilless seedling culture, can reasonably adjust the nutrition supply at any time according to the growth vigor and the seedling stage change of the seedlings, and can reduce the occurrence of soil-borne diseases and the use of pesticides;
6. the invention cultivates the tissue culture seedling into the microsphere stem which is used as the production material of the pinellia ternata original seed, and lays a foundation for the factory production of the pinellia ternata virus-free seedling.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 shows healthy pinellia tuber bulblets selected by the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a seed culture.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a bud culture.
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the obtained detoxified seedling.
FIG. 5 is a diagram of the process of tissue culture bottle seedling rejuvenation.
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a process of rejuvenating seedlings by floating plates.
FIG. 7 is a diagram of the floating plate seedling hardening process.
FIG. 8 is a diagram of a floating plate seedling.
FIG. 9 is a microsphere stem map.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
Example 1
A high-efficiency production method of pinellia tuber virus-free micro-bulbs comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Culturing virus-free seedling by using bulbil
Selecting healthy pinellia ternata without plant diseases and insect pests and with good growth vigor, digging bulbils, cleaning, cutting bud heads, and sterilizing, as shown in figure 1; culturing in 1/2MS culture medium as shown in FIG. 3; the ambient temperature is 25 +/-2 ℃, the humidity is 60 +/-5%, and the illumination is 4500Lx and 14h/d. Culturing for 20 days to obtain sterilized seedling, as shown in FIG. 4.
(2) Tissue culture seedling culture and tissue culture bottle seedling (as shown in figure 5)
Taking the detoxified seedling in the step (1) as a material to obtain a pinellia tuber explant, and performing primary seedling culture for 60 days by using an MS culture medium containing 1.0-2.0/L of 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) and 0.2-0.7 mg/L of naphthylacetic acid (NAA). Selecting a tissue culture bottle with the height of 2/3 of the tissue culture seedlings in the bottle larger than 2cm, uncovering the bottle cap, and carrying out tissue culture bottle seedling revival. The temperature is 25 +/-4 ℃, the humidity is 60 +/-5%, the illumination is 5000Lx,14h/d, and the seedling recovering time is 2-4 d.
(3) Floating plate rejuvenation (as shown in fig. 6): selecting a hole tray with a water storage tray as a seedbed, wherein each hole has the diameter of 3cm and the depth of 8cm, and cleaning the hole tray with water (sanitary Standard for Drinking Water (GB 5749-2006)) before transplanting; vermiculite (4 parts) and perlite (1 part) are used as matrixes, and water is used as a culture solution. Selecting tissue culture seedlings with roots, tubers and leaves; if the whole small tuber with firm texture and epidermis is formed, no root and leaf can be hardened. The hole tray is filled with matrix, and water is added to the water storage tray to 1/2 of the hole tray; and pricking small holes capable of accommodating tissue culture seedlings on the substrate by using tools such as glass rods, wherein the planting depth is 4cm. After transplanting, a transparent cover is covered or a transparent film is covered on the transplanting container, and then the seedling is revived by a floating disc. The environmental temperature is 25 +/-4 ℃, the illumination is 5000Lx and 14h/d, the seedling recovery time in two stages is 8-15 d, water is supplemented for 2-5 d according to the actual condition, and the water level in the water storage tray is ensured to be 1/4-1/2.
(4) Raising seedlings in floating plate (as shown in figures 7 and 8)
After seedling recovery, MS, kawasaki, hoagland, japan garden type nutrient solution and diluent or improved formula thereof are used for culturing, and the concentration of the nutrient solution changes along with the change of culture time: 0 to 15d, EC value of 0.6mS/cm;15 to 30d, and the EC value is 0.8mS/cm; 30-50d, and the EC value is 1.2mS/cm; after 50d, the EC value was 2.0mS/cm. The seedling cultivation lasts for 80d, the temperature is 26 +/-4 ℃, the humidity is 60 +/-5%, the illumination is 6000Lx, and the illumination/d is 14 h.
(5) Harvesting of microsphere stems (as shown in FIG. 9)
And after hardening off the seedlings in the floating plate for 80 days, stopping supplying the nutrient solution, adjusting the temperature to be 28-34 ℃, and increasing the speed of volatilizing the matrix and pouring the pinellia ternata seedlings. After the matrix was dried, the summer squamochlies were separated from the matrix using a mesh screen. The microspheres can be used as the material for original seed production after being collected; the matrix is naturally dried and reserved, and can be recycled for 2-3 times.
Counting the yield of the harvested microsphere stems:
the weight of the tuber is hundred: 92.5g
Number of bulbils per plant: 6 to 8 granules
And (3) the weight of the bulbil is hundred: 28.5g
The tuber diameter distribution is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 tuber diameter distribution
Example 2
A high-efficiency production method of pinellia tuber virus-free micro-bulbs comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Detoxified seedling cultured by seeds
Selecting healthy pinellia ternate which has no plant diseases and insect pests and better growth vigor and has spathe, pouring seedlings, collecting seeds, soaking in a water bath at 28 ℃ for 24 hours, sucking water by using filter paper, soaking in 75% ethanol for 90 seconds, then sterilizing by using sterilizing solutions such as mercury bichloride, hypochlorous acid, sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide and the like, cleaning by using sterile ultrapure water for 4 times, and sucking water by using the sterile filter paper. Culturing with 1/2MS as shown in FIG. 2; the temperature is 23 +/-4 ℃, the humidity is 60 +/-5%, and the illumination is 3500Lx,13h/d.
(2) Tissue culture seedling culture and tissue culture bottle seedling revival
Taking the detoxified seedling in the step (1) as a material to obtain a pinellia ternate explant, and performing primary seedling culture on the pinellia ternate explant by using an MS culture medium containing 2.0mg/L of 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) and 0.5mg/L of naphthylacetic acid (NAA) for 65 days. Selecting a tissue culture bottle with the height of 2/3 of the tissue culture seedlings in the bottle larger than 2cm, uncovering the bottle cap, and carrying out tissue culture bottle seedling revival. The temperature is 23 +/-4 ℃, the humidity is 60 +/-5%, the illumination is 3500Lx,13h/d, and the seedling recovering time is 2d.
(3) Seedling rejuvenation by a floating plate: selecting a hole tray with a water storage tray as a seedbed, wherein each hole has the diameter of 3cm and the depth of 5cm, and cleaning the hole tray with water (sanitary Standard for Drinking Water (GB 5749-2006)) before transplanting; vermiculite (5 parts) and perlite (2 parts) are used as matrixes, and water is used as a culture solution. Selecting tissue culture seedlings with roots, tubers and leaves; if intact tubers with firm texture and epidermis, no root and no leaf are formed, seedlings can be trained. The plug tray is filled with a substrate, and water is added into the water storage tray to 1/2 of the position; and pricking small holes capable of accommodating tissue culture seedlings on the substrate by using a tool such as a glass rod, wherein the planting depth is 3cm. And after transplanting, covering a transparent cover or covering a transparent film, and carrying out seedling revival on a floating disc. The environmental temperature is 23 +/-4 ℃, the illumination is 4000Lx and 13h/d, the seedling recovery time in two stages is 7d, water is supplemented once according to the actual condition of 4d, and the water level in the water storage disc is ensured to be 1/4-1/2.
(4) Float plate seedling raising
After seedling recovery, MS, kawasaki, hoagland, japan garden type nutrient solution and diluent or improved formula thereof are used for culturing, and the concentration of the nutrient solution changes along with the change of culture time: 0 to 15d, and the EC value is 0.8mS/cm; 15-30d, and the EC value is 1.0mS/cm; 30-50d, and the EC value is 1.6mS/cm; after 50 days, the EC value was 2.5mS/cm. The seedling cultivation lasts for 75d, the temperature is 25 +/-2 ℃, the humidity is 60 +/-5%, the illumination is 4500Lx, and the illumination is 13h/d.
(5) Harvesting of the Microcorm
After hardening seedlings for 75 days by using a floating disc, most pinellia ternate seedlings enter a program to be poured; stopping supply of the nutrient solution, adjusting temperature to 32 deg.C, and increasing the speed of volatilizing the matrix and pouring seedling of rhizoma Pinelliae. After the matrix was dried, the summer squamochlies were separated from the matrix using a mesh screen. The microsphere can be used as a material for original seed production after being collected; the matrix is naturally air-dried and reserved, and can be recycled for 2-3 times.
Counting the yield of the harvested microsphere stems:
the weight of the tuber is hundred: 95.5g
Number of bulbils per plant: 6 to 8 granules
And (3) the weight of the bulbil is hundred: 26.5g
The tuber diameter distribution is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 tuber diameter distribution
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A production method of pinellia tuber detoxified microsphere stems is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Sterilizing buds or seeds of pinellia ternata; culturing bud heads or seeds into seedlings by using MS or a dilution culture medium thereof;
(2) Taking the detoxified seedling obtained in the step (1) as a material to obtain a pinellia ternate explant, and performing one-time seedling culture on the pinellia ternate explant by using an MS culture medium to grow a tissue culture seedling; tissue culture bottle seedling slowing;
(3) Selecting a plug tray with a water storage tray as a seedbed; vermiculite and perlite are used as substrates, and water is used as a culture solution; transplanting the tissue culture seedlings; after transplanting, covering a transparent cover or covering a transparent film on the cover, and carrying out seedling revival on a floating disc;
(4) After the seedling revival is finished, culturing by using a nutrient solution and a diluent thereof or an improved formula, wherein the concentration of the nutrient solution changes along with the change of the culture time;
(5) After hardening off seedlings on a floating disc, stopping the supply of nutrient solution when most pinellia ternate seedlings enter a program to be poured, and adjusting the temperature to increase the speed of volatilizing the matrix and pouring the pinellia ternate seedlings; after the matrix is dried, the semi-summer corms are separated from the matrix; collecting the microsphere stems; and naturally drying and reserving the matrix.
2. The production method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), healthy pinellia ternata without plant diseases and insect pests and with good growth vigor is selected, bulbils are dug, buds are cut after cleaning, and the buds are disinfected; or selecting healthy pinellia ternate which has no plant diseases and insect pests and better growth vigor and has spathe, pouring seedlings, collecting seeds, soaking in water bath at 25-37 ℃ for 10-42 h, sucking water by using filter paper, soaking for 60-90 s by using 75% ethanol, then sterilizing, cleaning and washing for 4-6 times by using sterile ultrapure water, and sucking water by using sterile filter paper;
preferably, the disinfection is performed by mercuric chloride, hypochlorous acid, sodium hypochlorite or hydrogen peroxide;
preferably, in the step (1), the culture condition is that the temperature is 20-30 ℃ and the humidity is 60 +/-5%; the illumination is 2000-6000 Lx, and the illumination time is 12-14 h/d; the seedling can be formed after the pearl bud culture is carried out for 10-20 days, and the seedling can be formed after the seed culture is carried out for 50-70 days.
3. The production method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the MS medium contains 1.0 to 3.0mg/L of 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) and 0.25 to 0.75mg/L of naphthylacetic acid (NAA).
4. The production method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), a tissue culture bottle with the height of 2/3 of the tissue culture seedlings in the bottle being more than 2cm is selected, the bottle cover is uncovered, and the tissue culture bottle is used for seedling revival; the seedling recovering conditions are as follows: the temperature is 20-30 ℃, the humidity is 60 +/-5%, the illumination is 2000-6000 Lx, the illumination time is 12-14 h/d, and the seedling reviving time is 1-3 d, so that the tissue culture seedlings adapt to the external environment.
5. The production method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), each cavity of the cavity disc has a diameter of 2-5 cm and a depth of 4-5 cm; planting depth is 2-4 cm;
in the step (3), 4-5 parts of vermiculite and 1-2 parts of perlite are contained in the matrix.
In the step (3), the plug tray is filled with the substrate, and water is added into the water storage tray to 1/2 s; and covering a transparent cover or covering a transparent film after transplanting.
6. The production method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), tissue culture seedlings having roots, tubers, leaves are selected; if the small tubers with solid texture and epidermis are formed, the seedlings can be hardened without roots and leaves;
in the step (3), the conditions for the seedling rejuvenation of the floating plate are as follows: the environmental temperature is 20-27 ℃, the illumination is 2000-8000 Lx, the illumination time is 10-14 h/d, the seedling-recovering time in two stages is 7-15 d, water is supplemented once according to the actual situation for 2-4 d, and the water level in the water storage tray is ensured to be 1/4-1/2.
7. The production method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the nutrient solution is an MS nutrient solution, a Japanese Kawasaki nutrient solution, a Hoagland nutrient solution or a Japanese garden nutrient solution;
in the step (4), the concentration of the nutrient solution changes along with the change of the culture time: 0 to 15d, an EC value of 0.6 to 0.8mS/cm;15 to 30d, and the EC value is 0.8 to 1.2mS/cm;30 to 50d, and the EC value is 1.2 to 2.0mS/cm; after 50 days, the EC value is 2.0-3.0 mS/cm.
8. The production method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the seedling cultivation lasts for 70-80 d, the temperature is 22-28 ℃, the humidity is 60 +/-5%, the illumination is 4000-8000 Lx, and the illumination time is 12-14 h/d.
9. The production method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), after the seedlings are hardened on the floating plate for 70-80 days, most pinellia ternata seedlings enter a procedure of seedling pouring; the supply of the nutrient solution was stopped, and the temperature was adjusted to 30 to 34 ℃.
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the microspheres are harvested and used as a material for stock production; and naturally drying the matrix, reserving and recycling for 2-3 times.
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