CN107466853A

CN107466853A - A kind of breeding method for the tuber of pinellia seedling stem that hereditary variation is small, survival rate is high

Info

Publication number: CN107466853A
Application number: CN201710747090.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐志明
Original assignee: Quzhou Kang Yuan Biotechnology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Quzhou Kang Yuan Biotechnology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-08-25
Filing date: 2017-08-25
Publication date: 2017-12-15
Anticipated expiration: 2037-08-25
Also published as: CN107466853B

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of breeding method for the tuber of pinellia seedling stem that hereditary variation is small, survival rate is high, comprises the following steps：Fresh and tender healthy and strong leaf blade of Pinellia is chosen first, it is cleaned and sterilized, then the leaf blade of Pinellia after sterilizing is put into the blake bottle with MS culture mediums and cultivated, taken out after 45 60 days, first 1 2h of immersion is watered with plant ash, half summer sporelings (of laminaria) after immersion is planted in matrix seedbed again, domesticating and cultivating is after 70 90 days in greenhouse, you can harvesting tuber of pinellia seedling stem；This kind of breeding method causes tuber of pinellia once-seedling forming in blake bottle, and shortens the differentiation in conventional organization culture and take root time of link, and hereditary variation is small, while the new medium seedbed of design causes the survival rate of the tuber of pinellia to be greatly improved in greenhouse.

Description

A kind of breeding method for the tuber of pinellia seedling stem that hereditary variation is small, survival rate is high

Technical field

Present invention relates particularly to a kind of breeding method for the tuber of pinellia seedling stem that hereditary variation is small, survival rate is high

Background technology

The tuber of pinellia also known as the three leaf tuber of pinellia, the jump of three steps, numb king fruit, swallow tail, text etc., be Araeceae Pinellia.Half Summer belongs to the stem tuber of the aroid tuber of pinellia, is a kind of important medicinal material in Chinese medicine treasure-house, and the place of production only has China and Japan, The tuber of pinellia has aquatic and two kinds of terrestrial, i.e., so-called RHIZOMA TYPHONII FLAGELLIFORMIS and a non-irrigated tuber of pinellia, and the medical value of the non-irrigated tuber of pinellia is better than RHIZOMA TYPHONII FLAGELLIFORMIS, and conventional half Summer is divided into prepared RHIZOMA PINELLIZE without adju-vant, pinellia, rhizoma pinellinae praeparata, 4 kinds of dried pinellia.The pungent scattered temperate-dryness of the tuber of pinellia is poisonous, it is main enter taste it is simultaneous enter lung, can water-filling It is wet, lowering the adverse flow of qi, and kind taste damp phlegm of dispelling.Water is wet to be gone, spleen is strong and sputum from disappearing, inverse gas drop then stomach and and feeling of fullness vomiting from only, therefore To be eliminating dampness and eliminating phlegm, stopping nausea and vomiting by lowering the adverse flow of QI, the good medicine of dissolving lump and resolving mass, the abundant expectoration cough and asthma circulation of vital energy in the wrong direction of spleen damp phlegm heap soil or fertilizer over and around the roots was both cured mainly, such as erchen tang, small green grass or young crops Imperial soup, the dizziness palpitaition insomnia of criminal in damp phlegm is controlled again, such as banxia baizhu tianma decoction, wind phlegm can be also controlled and tell inverse, headache limb fiber crops, half body It is unsuccessful, the disease such as facial paralysis, such as beautiful kettle ball；It also has very high nutritive value simultaneously, and its stem tuber is containing volatile oil, a small amount of fat (its aliphatic acid about 34% is solid acid, 66% is liquid acid), starch, nicotine, mucilaginous substance, asparatate, glutamic acid, smart ammonia Amino acid such as acid, beta-aminobutyric acid etc..China's most area produces the tuber of pinellia, and the general tuber of pinellia is excavated between 7~September, cleans Soil, crust is removed, dries or dries, you can be Chinese medicine.

But based on the cultivation technique of the tuber of pinellia is mainly grown with stem tuber and bulbil kind at present, stem tuber plantation normally results in half Summer stem tuber hereditary variation is big, does not meet Chinese Pharmacopoeia (tuber of pinellia dry product diameter 1-1.5cm) requirement；In addition, less tuber of pinellia block Stem emergence rate is relatively low, causes tuber of pinellia yield relatively low, and not only cost is high for larger tuber of pinellia stem tuber, and in plantation to soil bar The higher problem of requirement of part, it is larger that bulbil plantation can run into sowing quantity again, and emergence rate rate is very low, and cost is also high, in production not Preferably promote, so as to cause planting cost high, yield poorly.

Therefore, explore and a kind of enable to the seedling stem breeding method that tuber of pinellia hereditary variation is small, survival rate is greatly improved It is necessary.

The content of the invention

In view of this, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of breeding method for the tuber of pinellia seedling stem that hereditary variation is small, survival rate is high.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：A kind of hereditary variation is small, survival rate is high half The breeding method of summer sowing stem, comprises the following steps：

1) material is cultivated：Fresh and tender healthy and strong leaf blade of Pinellia is chosen, it is cleaned and sterilized, it is standby；

2) once-seedling forming in bottle：Leaf blade of Pinellia after sterilizing is put into blake bottle and cultivated, MS is contained in blake bottle Culture medium adds 0.5mg/L BA and 0.5mg/L NAA, and the differentiation that once-seedling forming shortens conventional organization culture is taken root link Time so that hereditary variation very little, blake bottle planted agent keep pH5.8-6.0,25-27 DEG C of temperature, illuminance 1400Lux, illumination 10h/d, cultivation is taken out in culture after 45-60 days, then bottle seedling plant ash 10% is watered into 90% immersion 1-2h, standby；

3) matrix seedbed makes：The high 12cm in seedbed, wide 1.2 meters, the spacing between two seedbeds is 30~40cm, is easy to grasp Manage；Substrate preparation：By peat 50%, vermiculite 30%, plant ash 4%, bone meal 5%, perlite 4% and biological organic fertilizer 7% is well mixed, then crosses 30 mesh sieves, obtains open-textured matrix；Matrix requirement：PH6.0~6.5, fertility are high, can be compared with Good draining, ventilative, and can holding matrix moistening；

4) tamed in canopy：Half summer sporelings (of laminaria) after step 2) is soaked is planted into matrix seedbed, then the seedbed around half summer sporelings (of laminaria) Rice chaff, nitrogenous fertilizer, biological waste residue and biological pesticide thick upper covering 1cm, wherein rice chaff 30-32kg/ mus, nitrogenous fertilizer 15-20kg/ Mu, biological waste residue 20-25kg/ mus and biological pesticide 8-10kg/ mus, and it is 3200- to keep the illuminance in greenhouse 3300Lux, air humidity 40-50%, 25-27 DEG C of temperature, a quick lime 20-30kg/ is spilt within every 35 days in half summer sporelings (of laminaria) growth period Mu；

5) seedling stem is harvested：After half summer sporelings (of laminaria) domesticating and cultivating 70-90 days of step 4), you can harvesting tuber of pinellia seedling stem, during harvesting It is noted that avoid hot and humid.

Further, it is described 3) in biological organic fertilizer be feces of livestock and poultry and agricultural wastes.

Further, it is described 4) in nitrogenous fertilizer for ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride and ammonium hydrogen carbonate according to 0.5:0.3:1.2 ratio It is edible fungi substrate residue and cake Hectometer mixtures using, biological waste residue, rice chaff is the rice chaff ash of 60 mesh, biological pesticide 3% In mildew element 500 times reach 2000 times of hymexazol within+96% day.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：By choosing fresh and tender healthy and strong leaf blade of Pinellia, it is cleaned and sterilized, then Leaf blade of Pinellia after sterilizing is put into the BA and 0.5mg/L that add 0.5mg/L with MS culture mediums NAA blake bottle and trained Support, taken out after 45-60 days, be first watered immersion 1-2h with plant ash, then half summer sporelings (of laminaria) after immersion is planted in matrix seedbed, big Domesticating and cultivating is after 70-90 days in canopy, you can harvesting tuber of pinellia seedling stem；This kind of breeding method causes the tuber of pinellia in blake bottle in blake bottle Once-seedling forming, the small once-seedling forming of hereditary variation, hereditary variation is small, and shortens the differentiation in conventional organization culture and take root link Time, while the new medium seedbed of design causes the survival rate of the tuber of pinellia to be greatly improved in greenhouse.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

A kind of breeding method for the tuber of pinellia seedling stem that hereditary variation is small, survival rate is high, comprises the following steps：

2) once-seedling forming in bottle：Leaf blade of Pinellia after sterilizing is put into blake bottle and cultivated, MS is contained in blake bottle Culture medium adds 0.5mg/L BA and 0.5mg/L NAA so that leaf blade of Pinellia once-seedling forming, shortens point of conventional organization culture The time of metaplasia root link, hereditary variation very little, blake bottle planted agent keep pH5.8,25 DEG C of temperature, illuminance 1400Lux, illumination 10h/d, culture are taken out after 45 days, then bottle seedling plant ash 10% is watered into 90% immersion 1h, standby；

3) matrix seedbed makes：The high 12cm in seedbed, wide 1.2 meters, the spacing between two seedbeds is 30cm, pipe easy to operation Reason；Substrate preparation：Peat 50%, vermiculite 30%, plant ash 4%, bone meal 5%, perlite 4% and biological organic fertilizer 7% are mixed Close uniformly, then cross 30 mesh sieves, obtain open-textured matrix；Matrix requirement：PH6.5, fertility are high, can preferably draining, saturating Gas, and can keep matrix moistening；

4) tamed in canopy：Half summer sporelings (of laminaria) after step 2) is soaked is planted into matrix seedbed, then in seedbed last week of half summer sporelings (of laminaria) Enclose covering 1cm thick rice chaff, nitrogenous fertilizer, biological waste residue and biological pesticide, wherein rice chaff 30kg/ mus, nitrogenous fertilizer 15kg/ mus, biology Waste residue 20kg/ mus and biological pesticide 8kg/ mus, and it is 3200Lux, air humidity 40%, temperature to keep the illuminance in greenhouse 25 DEG C, a quick lime 20kg/ mus were spilt every 35 days of half summer sporelings (of laminaria) growth period；

5) seedling stem is harvested：After the half summer sporelings (of laminaria) domesticating and cultivating 70 days of step 4), you can harvesting tuber of pinellia seedling stem, to note during harvesting Meaning avoids hot and humid.

It is described in the present embodiment 3) in biological organic fertilizer be feces of livestock and poultry 4% and agricultural wastes 3%, feces of livestock and poultry For sheep manure, agricultural wastes are stalk and dregs of beans.

It is described in the present embodiment 4) in nitrogenous fertilizer for ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride and ammonium hydrogen carbonate according to 0.5:0.3:1.2 Ratio is applied, and biological waste residue is edible fungi substrate residue and cake Hectometer mixtures, and rice chaff is the rice chaff ash of 60 mesh, and biological pesticide is 500 times of the element that mildewed in 3% reaches 2000 times of hymexazol in+96% day.

Embodiment 2

2) once-seedling forming in bottle：Leaf blade of Pinellia after sterilizing is put into blake bottle and cultivated, MS is contained in blake bottle Culture medium adds 0.5mg/L BA and 0.5mg/L NAA so that leaf blade of Pinellia once-seedling forming shortens point of conventional organization culture The time of metaplasia root link, hereditary variation very little, blake bottle planted agent keep pH6.0,27 DEG C of temperature, illuminance 1400Lux, illumination 10h/d, culture are taken out after 50 days, then bottle seedling plant ash 10% is watered into 90% immersion 2h, standby；

4) tamed in canopy：Half summer sporelings (of laminaria) after step 2) is soaked is planted into matrix seedbed, then in seedbed last week of half summer sporelings (of laminaria) Enclose covering 1cm thick rice chaff, nitrogenous fertilizer, biological waste residue and biological pesticide, wherein rice chaff 32kg/ mus, nitrogenous fertilizer 20kg/ mus, biology Waste residue 25kg/ mus and biological pesticide 10kg/ mus, and illuminance in greenhouse is kept as 3300Lux, air humidity 50%, temperature 27 DEG C of degree, a quick lime 30kg/ mus were spilt every 35 days of half summer sporelings (of laminaria) growth period；

5) seedling stem is harvested：After the half summer sporelings (of laminaria) domesticating and cultivating 80 days of step 4), you can harvesting tuber of pinellia seedling stem, to note during harvesting Meaning avoids hot and humid.

Biological organic fertilizer in described in the present embodiment 3) is feces of livestock and poultry 5% and agricultural wastes 2%, feces of livestock and poultry are Pig manure, agricultural wastes are stalk and dregs of beans.

Embodiment 3

2) once-seedling forming in bottle：Leaf blade of Pinellia after sterilizing is put into blake bottle and cultivated, MS is contained in blake bottle Culture medium adds 0.5mg/L BA and 0.5mg/L NAA so that leaf blade of Pinellia once-seedling forming, shortens point of conventional organization culture The time of metaplasia root link, hereditary variation very little, blake bottle planted agent keep pH5.9,26 DEG C of temperature, illuminance 1400Lux, illumination 10h/d, culture take out nursery after 60 days, then nursery plant ash 10% is watered into 90% immersion 1.5h, standby；

3) matrix seedbed makes：The high 12cm in seedbed, wide 1.2 meters, the spacing between two seedbeds is 35cm, pipe easy to operation Reason；Substrate preparation：Peat 50%, vermiculite 30%, plant ash 4%, bone meal 5%, perlite 4% and biological organic fertilizer 7% are mixed Close uniformly, then cross 30 mesh sieves, obtain open-textured matrix；Matrix requirement：PH6.3, fertility are high, can preferably draining, saturating Gas, and can keep matrix moistening；

4) tamed in canopy：Half summer sporelings (of laminaria) after step 2) is soaked is planted into matrix seedbed, then in seedbed last week of half summer sporelings (of laminaria) Enclose covering 1cm thick rice chaff, nitrogenous fertilizer, biological waste residue and biological pesticide, wherein rice chaff 31kg/ mus, nitrogenous fertilizer 18kg/ mus, biology Waste residue 23kg/ mus and biological pesticide 9kg/ mus, and it is 3300Lux, air humidity 45%, temperature to keep the illuminance in greenhouse 26 DEG C, a quick lime 25kg/ mus were spilt every 35 days of half summer sporelings (of laminaria) growth period；

5) seedling stem is harvested：After the half summer sporelings (of laminaria) domesticating and cultivating 90 days of step 4), you can harvesting tuber of pinellia seedling stem, to note during harvesting Meaning avoids hot and humid.

It is described in the present embodiment 3) in biological organic fertilizer be feces of livestock and poultry 6% and agricultural wastes 1%, feces of livestock and poultry For sheep manure, agricultural wastes are stalk and dregs of beans,

Experimental example

Experimental subjects：Tuber of pinellia bulbil is planted in implantation methods in soil as a control group one, tuber of pinellia stem tuber is planted Implantation methods in soil as a control group two, method for culturing seedlings of the invention is as experimental group.

Requirement of experiment：100 plants of tuber of pinellia were planted respectively in 150 days using above-mentioned three prescriptions method.

Experimental method：The tuber of pinellia survival rate and the situation of hereditary variation that are obtained using above-mentioned three groups of implantation methods are done respectively Record.

Table 1 is physical record of three groups of tuber of pinellia after 30 days：

Table 1

Table 2 is physical record of three groups of tuber of pinellia after 60 days：

Table 2

Table 3 is physical record of three groups of tuber of pinellia after 100 days：

Table 3

Table 4 is physical record of three groups of tuber of pinellia after 150 days：

Table 4

Table 5 is the concrete condition record after three groups of tuber of pinellia harvestings：

Table 5

With reference to upper table, compared by the implantation methods of the present invention with control group one and control group two, it can be seen that experiment The survival rate of group will be significantly larger than control group one and control group two, and the genetic mutation rate of experimental group will be much smaller than control group one and right According to group two.

Typical case

Huang, tuber of pinellia large plantation family, the past plantation tuber of pinellia in greenhouse always, because implantation methods are improper so that half The survival rate in summer is less than 55%, and economic benefit is very low, and later Huang is first trained using the implantation methods of the present invention in blake bottle Tuber of pinellia seedling is educated, is then transplanted on the matrix seedbed in greenhouse and carries out domesticating and cultivating so that the survival rate of the tuber of pinellia arrives 98% or so, and the ratio that obtained tuber of pinellia seedling stem is 1-1.5CM accounts for 94% or so, significantly increases the economic receipts of Huang Benefit.

The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any The change or replacement expected without creative work, it should all cover within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

A kind of 1. breeding method for the tuber of pinellia seedling stem that hereditary variation is small, survival rate is high, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：

1) material is cultivated：Fresh and tender healthy and strong leaf blade of Pinellia is chosen, it is cleaned and sterilized, it is standby；

2) once-seedling forming in bottle：Leaf blade of Pinellia after sterilizing is put into blake bottle and cultivated, is cultivated in blake bottle containing MS Base adds 0.5mg/L BA and 0.5mg/L NAA, and the differentiation that once-seedling forming shortens conventional organization culture is taken root time of link, So that hereditary variation very little, blake bottle planted agent keeps pH5.8-6.0,25-27 DEG C of temperature, illuminance 1400Lux, illumination 10h/d, Culture is taken out after 45-60 days, then bottle seedling plant ash 10% is watered into 90% immersion 1-2h, standby；

3) matrix seedbed makes：The high 12cm in seedbed, wide 1.2 meters, the spacing between two seedbeds is 30~40cm, pipe easy to operation Reason；Substrate preparation：Peat 50%, vermiculite 30%, plant ash 4%, bone meal 5%, perlite 4% and biological organic fertilizer 7% are mixed Close uniformly, then cross 30 mesh sieves, obtain open-textured matrix；Matrix requirement：PH6.0~6.5, fertility is high, can preferably arrange Water, ventilative, and can holding matrix moistening；

4) tamed in canopy：Half summer sporelings (of laminaria) after step 2) is soaked is planted into matrix seedbed, then the seedbed overlying around half summer sporelings (of laminaria) Cover 1cm thick rice chaff, nitrogenous fertilizer, biological waste residue and biological pesticide, wherein rice chaff 30-32kg/ mus, nitrogenous fertilizer 15-20kg/ mus, life Thing waste residue 20-25kg/ mus and biological pesticide 8-10kg/ mus, and it is 3200-3300Lux, air to keep the illuminance in greenhouse 25-27 DEG C of humidity 40-50%, temperature, a quick lime 20-30kg/ mus were spilt every 35 days of half summer sporelings (of laminaria) growth period；

5) seedling stem is harvested：After half summer sporelings (of laminaria) domesticating and cultivating 70-90 days of step 4), you can harvesting tuber of pinellia seedling stem, to note during harvesting Meaning avoids hot and humid.
2. a kind of breeding method of the tuber of pinellia seedling stem as claimed in claim 1 that hereditary variation is small, survival rate is high, its feature exist In：It is described 3) in biological organic fertilizer be feces of livestock and poultry and agricultural wastes.
3. a kind of breeding method of the tuber of pinellia seedling stem as claimed in claim 1 that hereditary variation is small, survival rate is high, its feature exist In：It is described 4) in nitrogenous fertilizer for ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride and ammonium hydrogen carbonate according to 0.5:0.3:1.2 ratio is applied, biological waste residue For edible fungi substrate residue and cake Hectometer mixtures, rice chaff is the rice chaff ash of 60 mesh, biological pesticide mildewed in being 3% 500 times of element+ Reach 2000 times of hymexazol within 96% day.