CN108371093B - Water culture method for cabbages - Google Patents
Water culture method for cabbages Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
- A01G31/06—Hydroponic culture on racks or in stacked containers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention provides a cabbage hydroponic method, and belongs to the field of agricultural production. The cabbage heart is planted in the greenhouse with the insect-proof net, the biological characteristics and insect pest generation characteristics of the cabbage heart are comprehensively integrated and optimized through seedling culture, water culture device design and use and high-efficiency cultivation technology, and the simplified cultivation device and the water culture method for the cabbage heart are obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural production, and particularly relates to a cabbage hydroponic method.
Background
Along with the higher and higher requirements of modern people on food safety, green vegetables without pollution and chemical fertilizer and pesticide residues are favored by more citizens, and green foods are known as the "sunward industry" and have a wide market. A report analysis published by food and agriculture organizations in United nations shows that the annual rate of increase of sales of green agricultural products in markets of some countries exceeds 20% in the past 10 years. This is in sharp contrast to the unprecedented market for some conventional foods. The industrial seedling culture and high-efficiency water culture are important ways for obtaining green vegetables.
The water culture technology gets rid of the restriction of the traditional agricultural technology depending on soil cultivation, has the characteristics of water saving, fertilizer saving, labor saving, pollution reduction and the like, enlarges the space of agricultural production, and provides effective application and development for the production of high-end vegetables, flowers, industrial seedlings and the like in modern agriculture in China. But different crops have different physiological characteristics and different product harvesting organs, the technical requirements for developing water culture, particularly different water culture facilities, nutrient solution components, fertilization characteristics, pest and disease damage characteristics and the like, and the research on the water culture method suitable for specific plant growth has important theoretical and practical significance, and can promote the income increase of farmers and the development of rural areas.
Heart of Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L.ssp. chinensis var. utilisTsen et Lee) is a main cultivated variety of leaf vegetables in south China, is also a main export-earning specialty vegetable, has short growth cycle, can be produced and supplied all year round, has higher economic benefit, and plays an extremely important role in the production of south China vegetables.
The production of the seedlings is a precondition for obtaining high-yield and high-quality cabbage heart, and the improper seeding and seedling raising method ensures that the cabbage heart has irregular seedling emergence, slow seedling growth, fine seedling, easy lodging and low seedling rate. Aiming at the characteristics of seeds and seedlings of flowering cabbage, plug seedling is adopted, and plug selection, seed treatment, matrix selection and treatment, seedling stage management and the like are core contents of industrial seedling, particularly high-quality industrial seedling, so that the seedling growth is rapid, the seedling age is short, the root system is good in development, the seedlings are strong and neat, the seedling reviving time after field planting is short, the survival is easy and the like.
The method is characterized in that the physical control and the biological control are adopted in the whole process from seeding, seedling culture to water culture according to the characteristics of different insect pests in a seedling stage and a cultivation stage, so that the yield and the quality are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cabbage water culture method,
in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a water culture method of Chinese flowering cabbage, which comprises the following steps: the design and use of a seedling and water culture device and a high-efficiency cultivation technology. A simplified soilless culture of vegetable heart is planted in greenhouse and isolated from outside by insect-proof net.
The high-efficiency cultivation technique comprises planting, nutrient solution formulation, fertilization time node, and pest control (yellow plate, blue plate, Plutella xylostella sex attractant). The nutrient solution is composed of N source, P2O5，K2O, algin, NiSO4And TE; wherein TE is a buffer solution prepared from Tris-HCl and EDTA;
wherein the seedling culture comprises plug selection, seed treatment, substrate selection and treatment and seedling stage management.
Selecting a plug tray: a 96-well or 200-well plug tray is selected. 1wt% KMnO is used before seedling culture4Or 1wt% CuSO4And (6) sterilizing.
Seed treatment: soaking seeds for 8-10 min at 55 ℃, and washing the seeds with clear water; 0.1wt% KMnO4Soaking the seeds for 8-10 min, and washing the seeds with clear water; soaking seeds for 16-24 h at 25 ℃, washing the seeds with clear water, and sowing.
Substrate selection and treatment: the matrix formula comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80% of coconut husk composite matrix, 0.001-0.01% of compound sodium nitrophenolate or 0.001-0.01% of brassin and 0.001-0.01% of GA30.001, 2-5% of algin, 7% of N and P2O54%、K2O4% and 1-3% of Bacillus thuringiensis powder; and (3) putting the prepared substrate into a disinfection cabinet or a disinfection box, introducing steam through a vent pipe, heating to 80-100 ℃, and sterilizing in a sealed manner for 30-60 min.
Wherein the coconut husk composite matrix is prepared from coconut husk, sheep manure and mushroom residue according to the volume ratio of 5:3: 2; bacillus thuringiensis contains spores in the amount of 10 hundred million per gram.
And (3) seedling stage management: the day and night temperature in the seedling stage is controlled to be 22-28 ℃ and 15-22 ℃; the ventilation and the light transmission are noticed, and the moisture management requires dryness and wetness; and (5) performing low-temperature seedling hardening 5 days before field planting, wherein the temperature in day and night is controlled to be 18-22 ℃ and 13-18 ℃. The developed root system and the tight cluster can be obtained through seedling management; the embryo plant is short and thick, the leaves are thick and have no disease, pest and insect damage.
The cultivation device comprises a support frame, a planting groove, a nutrient solution pipeline and a nylon net. The included angle between the plane of the cultivation pipeline and the horizontal plane is 5 degrees. Sterilizing cultivation apparatus before planting, using 1wt% KMnO4Or 1wt% CuSO4。
The high-efficiency cultivation technique comprises field planting, nutrient solution preparation, time control of fertilization and pest control (yellow plate, blue plate and Plutella xylostella sex attractant).
Planting: the root system of the flowering cabbage seedling is intertwined with the matrix, the flowering cabbage seedling is taken out from the hole disc, the flowering cabbage seedling is directly inoculated into the planting groove without being cleaned or planted in the planting cup, and the plant is fixed by the two layers of nylon nets to prevent the plant from lodging.
Nutrient solution formula and fertilization time node control:
1) after field planting: the nutrient solution comprises 16wt% of N source + P2O5 16 wt%+K218wt% of O + 0.5wt% of algin + NiSO40.005-0.02 wt% + TE 50wt%, adjusting pH to 6.3-7.0, Ec to 1.5-2.0 mg/L; irrigating for 10-15 min by using the nutrient solution at intervals of 30-40 min;
2) growth in the full period: the nutrient solution comprises 16wt% of N source + P2O5 16wt%+K218wt% of O, 0.5wt% of algin and 50wt% of TE, adjusting the pH value to be 6.3-7.0, and adjusting the Ec value to be 1.8-2.3; and irrigating for 15-20 min by using the nutrient solution at intervals of 20-30 min.
Wherein the N source is potassium nitrate or calcium nitrate, P2O5Derived from calcium superphosphate or sodium phosphate, K2O is from potassium nitrate or potassium sulfate.
Insect pest prevention and control (adopting multifunctional electrostatic insect killing lamp, yellow plate, blue plate and Plutella xylostella sex attractant): the suspension density of the multifunctional electrostatic disinsection lamp is 1-2/300 m2The suspension height is 1.5 m; the suspending density of the sex attractant for yellow plate, blue plate and cabbage moth is 3-5 pieces/100 m2The suspension height was 1.3 m.
The invention has the following remarkable advantages:
(1) the traditional Chinese flowering cabbage cultivation method has the advantages of large external influence, obvious seasonality and difficulty in controlling yield and quality.
(2) The mixed matrix and the probiotics used in the invention have good water and fertilizer retention effects, and can effectively prevent and treat clubroot, damping off, downy mildew, mole cricket, cutworm and other seedling diseases and insect pests.
(3) The facility cultivation device and the timing water supply fertilizer can solve the root management problem.
(4) The invention can reduce environmental pollution.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cabbage heart cultivation apparatus.
Detailed Description
Example 1
1. A simplified soilless culture of vegetable heart is planted in greenhouse and isolated from outside by insect-proof net. The water culture device comprises a T-shaped nutrient solution input pipeline 1 and a T-shaped nutrient solution output pipeline 2, wherein the nutrient solution input pipeline and the nutrient solution output pipeline are communicated with each other through a culture pipeline 3, a plurality of culture holes 4 are uniformly distributed in the culture pipeline along the length direction of the culture pipeline, and the culture pipeline inclines downwards by 5 degrees along the direction from the nutrient solution input pipeline to the nutrient solution output pipeline; the nutrient solution input pipeline comprises a vertical liquid inlet pipe 5 and a longitudinal liquid inlet pipe 6, the vertical liquid inlet pipe is communicated with the middle bottom part of the longitudinal liquid inlet pipe, the nutrient solution output pipeline comprises a vertical liquid outlet pipe 7 and a longitudinal liquid outlet pipe 8, and the vertical liquid outlet pipe is communicated with the middle bottom part of the longitudinal liquid outlet pipe; the cultivation pipelines are arranged in parallel, the high ends of the cultivation pipelines are communicated with the longitudinal liquid inlet pipe, and the low ends of the cultivation pipelines are communicated with the longitudinal liquid outlet pipe; the level of the nutrient solution output pipeline is lower than that of the nutrient solution input pipeline.
The nutrient solution flows in from the nutrient solution input pipeline and flows out from the nutrient solution output pipeline after flowing through the cultivation pipeline, and the nutrient solution can flow from a high end to a bottom end because the included angle between the cultivation pipeline and the horizontal plane is 5 degrees, so that nutrition is provided for the flowering cabbage in the cultivation hole.
Wherein the cultivation apparatus is sterilized before planting, and 1% KMnO is used4Or 1% CuSO4。
2. The seedling culture of the simplified soilless culture of the flowering cabbage comprises plug selection, seed treatment, substrate selection and treatment and seedling stage management.
Selecting a plug tray: a 96-well or 200-well plug tray is selected. 1wt% KMnO is used before seedling culture4Or 1wt% CuSO4And (6) sterilizing.
Seed treatment: soaking seeds for 8-10 min at 55 ℃, and washing the seeds with clear water; 0.1wt% KMnO4Soaking the seeds for 8-10 min, and washing the seeds with clear water; soaking seeds for 16-24 h at 25 ℃, washing with clear water and sowing.
Substrate selection and treatment: the matrix formula comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80% of coconut husk composite matrix, 0.001-0.01% of compound sodium nitrophenolate or 0.001-0.01% of brassin and 0.001-0.01% of GA, 2-5% of algin, 7% of N and P2O5 4%、K2O4% and 1-3% of Bacillus thuringiensis powder; and (3) putting the prepared substrate into a disinfection cabinet or a disinfection box, introducing steam through a vent pipe, heating to 80-100 ℃, and sterilizing in a sealed manner for 30-60 min.
Wherein the coconut husk composite matrix is prepared from coconut husk, sheep manure and mushroom residue according to the volume ratio of 5:3: 2; bacillus thuringiensis contains spores in the amount of 10 hundred million per gram.
And (3) seedling stage management: the day and night temperature in the seedling stage is controlled to be 22-28 ℃ and 15-22 ℃; the ventilation and the light transmission are noticed, and the moisture management requires dryness and wetness; and (5) performing low-temperature seedling hardening 5 days before field planting, wherein the temperature in day and night is controlled to be 18-22 ℃ and 13-18 ℃. The developed root system and the tight cluster can be obtained through seedling management; the embryo plant is short and thick, the leaves are thick and have no disease, pest and insect damage.
3. Transplanting is carried out when the seedlings grow to 3 leaves and 1 heart, the root systems of the mature vegetable heart seedlings and the matrix are mutually wound together, the mature vegetable heart seedlings are taken out from the hole tray, the cleaning and the planting cup are not needed, the plant is directly inoculated into the planting groove, and the plant is fixed by two layers of nylon nets to prevent the plant from lodging.
Nutrient solution formula and fertilization time node: 1) after field planting: the nutrient solution comprises 16wt% of N source + P2O5 16 wt%+K218wt% of O + 0.5wt% of algin + NiSO40.005-0.02 wt% + TE 50wt%, adjusting pH value to 6.3-7.0, Ec value to 1.5-2.0; and irrigating for 10-15 min by using the nutrient solution at intervals of 30-40 min. 2) Growth in the full period: the nutrient solution comprises 16wt% of N source + P2O516wt%+K218wt% of O, 0.5wt% of algin and 50wt% of TE, adjusting the pH value to be 6.3-7.0, and adjusting the Ec value to be 1.8-2.3; and irrigating for 15-20 min by using the nutrient solution at intervals of 20-30 min. Wherein the N source is potassium nitrate or calcium nitrate, P2O5Derived from calcium superphosphate or sodium phosphate, K2O is from potassium nitrate or potassium sulfate.
Insect pest prevention and control (adopting multifunctional electrostatic insect killing lamp, yellow plate, blue plate and Plutella xylostella sex attractant): the suspension density of the multifunctional electrostatic disinsection lamp is 1-2/300 m2The suspension height is 1.5 m; the suspending density of the sex attractant for yellow plate, blue plate and cabbage moth is 3-5 pieces/100 m2The suspension height was 1.3 m.
Experiments show that the whole cultivation period of the flowering cabbage is about 50 days, the effect is good, and the quality is good.
Example 2
In order to research the influence of different treatments on the germination of the Chinese flowering cabbage seeds, different seed treatment methods are set for analyzing the germination conditions, and the seed treatment method comprises the following steps of 1: soaking seeds for 8min at 55 ℃; 0.1wt% KMnO4Soaking the seeds for 8min, and washing the seeds with clear water; soaking seeds for 1h at 4 ℃; soaking seeds for 16h at 20 ℃, and sowing. Seed treatment 2: soaking seeds for 10min at 55 ℃; 0.1wt% KMnO4Soaking the seeds for 10min, and washing the seeds with clear water; soaking seeds for 1h at 4 ℃; soaking seeds for 24h at 20 ℃, and sowing. Seed treatment 3: soaking seeds for 9min at 55 ℃; 0.1wt% KMnO4Soaking the seeds for 9min, and washing the seeds with clear water; soaking seeds for 1h at 4 ℃; soaking seeds for 16h at 20 ℃, and sowing. Untreated is ck. The results show that the seed treatment is significantly better than the germination without treatment, with some variation between treatments, with treatment 3 being the best (table 1).
TABLE 1 flowering cabbage seed germination Table
Example 3
In order to research the influence of different nutrient solutions on the growth and the quality of the flowering cabbage, 3 groups of different nutrient solutions are set, namely T1: n source 16wt% + P2O5 16 wt%+K2O18 wt% + TE 50wt%, T2: n source 16wt% + P2O5 16 wt%+K2O 18wt%+ NiSO40.005% + TE 50wt%, T3: n source 16wt% + P2O5 16 wt%+K218wt% of O + 0.5wt% of algin + NiSO40.005wt% + TE 50wt%, and the growth of the plants was observed after 1 week of treatment, and the results showed that T2 had the most significant effect on the growth and quality of the flowering cabbage (Table 2).
TABLE 2 influence of different treatments on growth and yield of flowering Chinese cabbage
TABLE 3 Effect of different treatments on the quality of the leaf of Chinese flowering cabbage
Example 4
In order to study the influence of different Ec values on the growth and quality of the heart of the cabbage, 5 treatments with different Ec values of 2.8mg/L, 5.6mg/L, 8.4mg/L, 11.2mg/L and 14.0mg/L were set, and the result shows that the influence of the Ec value of 14.0mg/L on the growth and quality of the heart of the cabbage is most obvious (Table 4).
TABLE 4 Effect of different Ec values on the growth and quality of flowering cabbage
Example 5
In order to study the influence of the included angle between the plane of the cultivation pipeline and the horizontal plane on the growth and the quality of the flowering cabbage, 4 treatments with the included angles of the plane of the pipeline and the horizontal plane of 0 degree, 3 degrees, 5 degrees and 10 degrees are set, and the result shows that the flowering cabbage growth and the quality are optimal when the included angle between the plane of the pipeline and the horizontal plane is 5 degrees (table 5).
TABLE 5 influence of the included angle of the cultivation pipeline plane on the growth and quality of flowering cabbage
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A cabbage hydroponic method is characterized in that: comprises the design and use of a water culture device, seedling culture and high-efficiency cultivation technology; wherein the seedling culture comprises plug selection, seed treatment, substrate selection and treatment and seedling stage management; the high-efficiency cultivation technology comprises field planting, nutrient solution preparation, time control of fertilization and insect pest prevention and control;
the water culture device comprises a T-shaped nutrient solution input pipeline (1) and a T-shaped nutrient solution output pipeline (2), the nutrient solution input pipeline and the nutrient solution output pipeline are mutually communicated through a culture pipeline (3), a plurality of culture holes (4) are uniformly distributed in the culture pipeline along the length direction of the culture pipeline, and the culture pipeline inclines downwards by 5 degrees along the direction from the nutrient solution input pipeline to the nutrient solution output pipeline; the nutrient solution input pipeline comprises a vertical liquid inlet pipe (5) and a longitudinal liquid inlet pipe (6), the vertical liquid inlet pipe is communicated with the middle bottom part of the longitudinal liquid inlet pipe, the nutrient solution output pipeline comprises a vertical liquid outlet pipe (7) and a longitudinal liquid outlet pipe (8), and the vertical liquid outlet pipe is communicated with the middle bottom part of the longitudinal liquid outlet pipe; the cultivation pipelines are arranged in parallel, the high ends of the cultivation pipelines are communicated with the longitudinal liquid inlet pipe, and the low ends of the cultivation pipelines are communicated with the longitudinal liquid outlet pipe; the level of the nutrient solution output pipeline is lower than that of the nutrient solution input pipeline; the water culture device is specifically used as follows: nutrient solution flows in from the nutrient solution input pipeline (1) and flows out from the nutrient solution output pipeline (2) after flowing through the cultivation pipeline (3), and because the included angle between the cultivation pipeline (3) and the horizontal plane is 5 degrees, the nutrient solution can flow from the high end to the bottom end to provide nutrition for the flowering cabbage in the cultivation hole;
the seed treatment comprises the following steps: soaking seeds for 9min at 55 ℃; 0.1wt% KMnO4Soaking the seeds for 9min, and washing the seeds with clear water; soaking seeds for 1h at 4 ℃; soaking seeds for 16h at 20 ℃, and sowing;
the matrix formula comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80% of coconut husk composite matrix, 0.001-0.01% of compound sodium nitrophenolate or 0.001-0.01% of brassin and 0.001-0.01% of GA30.001, 2-5% of algin, 7% of N and P2O5 4％、K2O4% and 1-3% of Bacillus thuringiensis powder; placing the prepared substrate into a disinfection cabinet or a disinfection box, introducing steam through a vent pipe, heating to 80-100 ℃, and sterilizing in a sealed manner for 30-60 min; wherein the coconut husk composite matrix is prepared from coconut husk, sheep manure and mushroom residue according to the volume ratio of 5:3: 2; the bacillus thuringiensis powder contains 10 hundred million spores per gram;
the time control of the preparation and fertilization of the nutrient solution is specifically as follows:
1) after field planting: the nutrient solution comprises 30 wt% of N source + P2O5 16wt％+K2O15 wt% + algin 0.5wt% + NiSO40.01-0.03 wt% + TE 50wt%, adjusting pH value to 6.0-6.5, Ec value to 1.5-2.0; irrigating for 10-15 min by using the nutrient solution at intervals of 30-40 min; nutrient solution irrigation is not carried out between 20:00 and 5: 00; the nutrient solution is supplemented every day, and is replaced once in 15 days; wherein TE is a buffer solution prepared from Tris-HCl and EDTA;
2) growth in the full period: the nutrient solution comprises 26 wt% of N source + P2O5 10wt％+K230 wt% of O, 0.5wt% of algin and 50wt% of TE, adjusting the pH value to be 6.3-6.8, and adjusting the Ec value to be 1.8-2.3; irrigating for 15-20 min by using the nutrient solution at intervals of 20-30 min; nutrient solution irrigation is not carried out between 20:00 and 5: 00; the nutrient solution is supplemented every day, and is replaced once in 15 days; wherein the N source is potassium nitrate or calcium nitrate, P2O5Derived from calcium superphosphate or sodium phosphate, K2O is derived from potassium sulfate;
and (3) planting: transplanting is carried out when the seedlings grow to 3 leaves and 1 heart, the root systems of the mature vegetable heart seedlings and the matrix are mutually wound together, the mature vegetable heart seedlings are taken out from the hole tray, the cleaning and the planting cup are not needed, the plant is directly inoculated into the planting groove, and the plant is fixed by two layers of nylon nets to prevent the plant from lodging.
2. The cabbage hydroponic method according to claim 1, characterized in that: selecting the plug tray: selecting a plug tray with 96 holes or 200 holes; 1wt% KMnO is used before seedling culture4Or 1wt% CuSO4And (6) sterilizing.
3. The cabbage hydroponic method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (3) seedling stage management: the day and night temperature in the seedling stage is controlled to be 22-28 ℃ and 15-22 ℃; the ventilation and the light transmission are noticed, and the moisture management requires dryness and wetness; performing low-temperature hardening-seedling 5 days before field planting, wherein the temperature in day and night is controlled to be 18-22 ℃ and 13-18 ℃; the developed root system and the tight cluster can be obtained through seedling management; the embryo plant is short and thick, the leaves are thick and have no disease, pest and insect damage.
4. The cabbage hydroponic method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the insect pest prevention and control comprises adopting multifunctional electrostatic insect killing lamp, yellow plate, blue plate, and Plutella xylostella sex attractant; wherein the suspension density of the multifunctional electrostatic disinsection lamp is 1-2/300 m2The suspension height is 1.5 m; the suspending density of the sex attractant for yellow plate, blue plate and cabbage moth is 3-5 pieces/100 m2The suspension height was 1.3 m.
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