CN112772171A

CN112772171A - Method for increasing number of waxberry hybrid progeny

Info

Publication number: CN112772171A
Application number: CN202110179549.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林旗华; 张泽煌; 钟秋珍
Original assignee: Pomology Research Institute Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Pomology Research Institute Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2021-02-08
Filing date: 2021-02-08
Publication date: 2021-05-11

Abstract

The invention provides a method for increasing the number of filial generation of a waxberry hybrid combination, which comprises the steps of grafting a waxberry scion serving as a male parent onto a female parent tree, and spraying 0.2% of monopotassium phosphate and 0.05ppm of brassinolide at the leaf color-changing stage aiming at the germinated spring, summer and autumn tips; and in 8-11 months, spraying an inducing solution of 100-180ppm paclobutrazol +100-180ppm uniconazole +0.2wt.% monopotassium phosphate +0.1wt.% boric acid on the newly grown tip, covering the newly grown tip with a plastic film, and removing the plastic film after the flowers are withered. The method can obtain a large number of filial generation groups (1000-.

Description

Method for increasing number of waxberry hybrid progeny

Technical Field

The invention belongs to an important link in the field of waxberry crossbreeding, and particularly relates to a key technology and a specific operation method for providing a large number of filial generations with clear sources and definite agronomic characters for waxberry crossbreeding.

Background

The waxberry is a perennial fruit tree in the myrica of the myrica, has rich nutrition, contains a large amount of anthocyanin and polyphenol substances besides various nutrient elements such as vitamins, saccharides and mineral substances such as calcium, phosphorus, sodium, iron, zinc and the like which are necessary for human bodies, and has extremely high economic value. The red bayberries have more than 2000 years of cultivation history in China, are mainly planted in Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangsu, Yunnan, Guangxi, Hunan, Guizhou, Chongqing and other places, and have various varieties, strains and types with various characters due to long cultivation history and various ecological environments in China. The waxberry is a male and female variant, a very small amount of the waxberry is a male and female isoplant, and all cultivated varieties are female plants in production. At present, the cultivation area is large, and only more than ten varieties exist, wherein the largest cultivation area is the Dongkui and the chufa species. The theoretical basis of the method is that the excellent characters of two or more varieties are gathered together by simulating natural mating, and then a new variety is obtained by selection and cultivation. At present, many fruit tree varieties are bred through hybridization, but the red bayberry is not reported yet. The fruit characters of a male parent and a female parent need to be determined to carry out hybridization breeding, but the waxberry is a male-female heterostrain, so that only the fruit characters of the female parent can be determined, the fruit characteristics of the male parent cannot be identified, the male parent and the female parent with target characters cannot be selected as desired to carry out hybridization breeding, and meanwhile, the waxberry is a Chinese violet flower bud sequence and flowers are very tiny, the efficiency of the conventional bagging hybridization technology on the waxberry is extremely low, sufficient filial generations are difficult to obtain, and the application and development of the hybridization breeding on the waxberry are limited by adverse factors. Therefore, by means of cultivation treatment measures, female flowers of the current excellent waxberry female plant variety are induced to differentiate into male flowers, male parent pollen with clear sources and clear properties can be provided for waxberry hybridization, and innovative hybridization technology is matched, so that smooth development and implementation of waxberry hybridization breeding can be guaranteed, a large number of hybrid progeny can be obtained, and a foundation is provided for breeding a more excellent new waxberry variety.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a method for increasing the number of progeny of the waxberry hybrid combination.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a method for increasing the number of progeny of a waxberry cross combination comprises the following steps:

(1) grafting the bayberry scions serving as male parents onto the female parent trees in 1 to 2 months every year, wherein the grafting number is 4-6 buds, and the positions are uniformly distributed on the middle upper part of the periphery of a crown;

(2) spraying a mixed solution containing 0.2wt.% of monopotassium phosphate and 0.05ppm of brassinolide to spring, summer and autumn tips germinated from the scions at the leaf color-changing stage to promote the branch tips to be mature;

(3) spraying an inducing solution of 100-;

(4) cutting off the male flower branches which are induced by mistake on the female parent trees near the scions 7-14 days before the flowering in the next year;

(5) the rear part is covered with a totally-enclosed plastic film to prevent the influence of external waxberry pollen;

(6) removing the plastic film after the flowers are withered.

The invention has the advantages that:

firstly, natural pollination is simulated through grafting to carry out whole-tree pollination, the pollen activity is strong, the pollination efficiency is high, and a large number of real filial generations can be obtained;

secondly, the low-concentration paclobutrazol and uniconazole are used, and 0.2wt.% of monopotassium phosphate and 0.1wt.% of boric acid are used for male flower induction, so that male flowers can be induced, and the use of the high-concentration paclobutrazol or uniconazole can be avoided, which easily causes the induction of deformed male flower organs or male flowers with low pollen activity.

At present, the conventional hybridization is to cover bags before flowering, temporarily release the bags for pollination during flowering, release the bags after flower withering, and obtain only 1-2 filial generations by one procedure of one branch, so that the workload is very large and the proportion of false hybrids is high. By the method, a large number of filial generation groups (1000-; furthermore, pollen is not required to be collected manually, a pollination mode in nature is simulated, the pollen activity is high, and the hybridization efficiency is high.

Detailed Description

Example 1

(1) grafting the myrica rubra dongkui scion serving as a male parent onto a dragon sea white crystal (12-year-old tree, the height of the tree is 3.6 meters, the width of the crown is 4.9 meters by 5.2 meters) of a female parent tree at the bottom of 1 month, and grafting 6 buds, wherein the positions of the buds are uniformly distributed at the middle upper part of the periphery of the crown;

(2) spraying a mixed solution containing 0.2wt% of monopotassium phosphate and 0.05ppm of brassinolide to spring, summer and autumn tips germinated from the scions at the leaf color-changing stage to promote the branch tips to be mature;

(3) at the beginning of 9 months, spraying an inducing solution of 140ppm paclobutrazol, 140ppm uniconazole, 0.2wt.% of monopotassium phosphate and 0.1wt.% of boric acid on a new tip growing from the butt joint spike for 2 times, and inducing female flowers into male flowers at a flower bud differentiation stage;

(4) cutting off the male flower branches which are induced by mistake on the female parent trees near the scions 10 days before the flowering of the next year;

(6) removing the plastic film after the flowers are withered;

3608 filial generation seeds are obtained in the beginning of 6 months

Example 2

(1) at the beginning of 2 months, grafting the soft silk Anhai-changed waxberry scions as male parents onto the hard silk Anhai-changed (9-year-old trees, the height of the trees is 3.2 meters, and the width of the crowns is 4.3 meters by 4.2 meters) of female parent trees, wherein the grafting number is 4 buds, and the positions of the buds are uniformly distributed at the middle upper part of the periphery of the crowns;

(3) at the beginning of 8 months, spraying an inducing solution of 100ppm paclobutrazol, 100ppm uniconazole, 0.2wt.% of monopotassium phosphate and 0.1wt.% of boric acid on a new tip growing from the butt joint spike for 3 times, and inducing female flowers into male flowers at a flower bud differentiation stage;

(4) cutting off the male flower branches which are induced by mistake on the female parent trees near the scions 7 days before the flowering in the next year;

(6) removing the plastic film after the flowers are withered.

(7) 1859 filial generation seeds were obtained in 5 middle of the month.

Example 3

(1) in the middle ten days of 1 month, grafting the soft silk Anhai-changed waxberry scion serving as a male parent onto a mother tree large leaf seed (6-year-old tree, the height of the tree is 2.8 meters, and the width of the crown is 3.3 meters by 3.2 meters), wherein 6 buds are grafted, and the positions of the buds are uniformly distributed at the middle upper part of the periphery of the crown;

(3) at the beginning of 11 months, spraying an induction solution of 180ppm paclobutrazol, 180ppm uniconazole, 0.2wt.% of monopotassium phosphate and 0.1wt.% of boric acid on a new tip growing from the butt joint spike for 4 times, and inducing female flowers into male flowers at a flower bud differentiation stage;

(4) cutting off the male flower branches which are induced by mistake on the female parent trees near the scions 14 days before the flowering in the next year;

(6) removing the plastic film after the flowers are withered;

(7) 1268 filial generation seeds are obtained in the middle of 5 months.

Comparative example 1

The other steps are the same as example 1, only 140ppm paclobutrazol +140ppm uniconazole are adopted in the induction solution, and 1301 filial generation seeds are finally obtained.

Comparative example 2

The other steps are the same as example 1, only 140ppm paclobutrazol is adopted in the inducing solution, and 114 filial generation seeds are finally obtained.

Comparative example 3

The other steps are the same as example 1, only 140ppm uniconazole is adopted in the induction solution, and 125 filial generation seeds are finally obtained.

Comparative example 4

The other steps were the same as in example 1, and only 140ppm paclobutrazol +0.2wt.% potassium dihydrogen phosphate +0.1wt.% boric acid was used as the inducing solution, and 369 hybrid progeny seeds were finally obtained.

Comparative example 5

The other steps are the same as in example 1, and only 140ppm uniconazole +0.2wt.% potassium dihydrogen phosphate +0.1wt.% boric acid is adopted as the induction solution, so that 397 filial generation seeds are finally obtained.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for increasing the number of filial generations of a waxberry hybrid combination is characterized in that: comprises the following steps:

(2) spraying a mixed solution containing 0.2wt.% of monopotassium phosphate and 0.05ppm of brassinolide to spring, summer and autumn shoots germinated from the scions at the leaf color-changing stage to promote the branch tips to be mature;

(3) spraying an inducing solution for 1-4 times on the new tips growing from the head in 8-11 months, and inducing female flowers into male flowers at the flower bud differentiation stage;

(5) the whole rear tree is covered with a totally closed plastic film to prevent the influence of external waxberry pollen;

(6) removing the plastic film after the flowers are withered.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the induction solution of step (3) comprises 100-.