CN104642093A - Method for cultivating cucumbers by inducing male flowers - Google Patents
Method for cultivating cucumbers by inducing male flowers Download PDFInfo
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- CN104642093A CN104642093A CN201510046526.8A CN201510046526A CN104642093A CN 104642093 A CN104642093 A CN 104642093A CN 201510046526 A CN201510046526 A CN 201510046526A CN 104642093 A CN104642093 A CN 104642093A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for cultivating cucumbers by inducing male flowers, and in particular relates to a method for cultivating Jiza mini gynoecious fruit type cucumbers #1 by inducing male flowers by using silver thiosulfate. The method comprises three steps of preparing a male flower inducing agent, spraying the flower inducing agent and cultivating hybrid seeds. The male flowers of pure cucumber plants treated by the method appear early, and the number of blind knots of the plants is small; and the male flower differentiation rate is 85-95 percent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to gynoecy Mini cucumber breeding technique.Specifically, relating to a kind of silver thiosulfate solution that utilizes induces male flower to cultivate the technology of a lucky assorted mini gynoecy Mini cucumber.
Background technology
Along with the raising of living standards of the people, people have higher requirement to the quality of vegetables and nutritive value.Fruit Cucumber, as a kind of new cucumber variety, because it contains abundant hydroxymalonic acid, cucumber chitinase isoreactivity material and a large amount of vitamin Es, is subject to the favor of domestic consumption market gradually.A lucky assorted mini Mini cucumber, as the Fruit Cucumber kind of the main cultivation in Jilin Province, has quality better, output is high, disease resistance is strong, the feature such as tolerance to low temperature and weak light, large scale application.The Parent of a lucky assorted mini Mini cucumber all belongs to female series kind, it produces female flower completely in growth and development process or female flower has comparative advantage and male flower is few, cucumber female series has without male or few hero, ties the features such as melon is intensive, precocious, high yield, but also brings great difficulty to strain breeding and seed breeding.When utilizing female series to produce half-blood, preservation and the breeding difficulty of female series are very large, although perfect flower strain can be utilized to breed as the maintainer of female series, but before not finding suitable perfect flower strain, chemical seducing male is carried out so that selfing is reserved seed for planting just become effective approach to female series itself.In production, the pure female plant of conventional artificial induction produces male flower, carries out spontaneous pollination obtain seed there being the area of isolation condition, makes gynoecy system energy genetic stability to offspring.Method conventional at present mainly contains: gibberellin lures male method, silver nitrate lures male method and silver thiosulfate to lure male method.Because gibberellin lures male method and silver nitrate to lure male method to lure the medicament of male process to affect comparatively greatly by external environmental condition, treatment effect is not ideal, and conventional silver thiosulfate lures male method at present.
This technology utilizes the male parent Europe of assorted mini No. one of the silver thiosulfate solution process of 1000ppm Ji to draw 4-2, thus suppresses the growth of the former base of female flower of cucumber, promotes the formation of male flower, makes the joint position that originally should develop into female flower after flower bud differentiation change male flower into.The pure female plants male flower of cucumber after the process of spray medicine occurs early, and the blind joint of plant is few, and this technology is mainly used in breeding pure keeping and the artificial hybridization production of hybrid seeds of a lucky assorted mini gynoecy Mini cucumber.This method can make the differentiation male flower rate of cucumber female series kind reach 85%-95%.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is breeding for improving female series cucumber and artificial hybridization seed production efficiency, provides a kind of and lures male method of cultivating cucumber.
The invention provides a kind of method luring male cultivation cucumber, comprise the following steps: configuration lures male agent; Spray and lure male agent; Breeding hybrid kind.
Configuration lures male agent to be that water silver nitrate and sodium thiosulfate being added respectively equivalent dissolves completely, pours in hypo solution, be constantly stirred to the liquor argenti nitratis ophthalmicus after dissolving solution and mix completely, namely obtain silver thiosulfate and lure male agent.
Further, described silver nitrate and sodium thiosulfate adopt and analyze pure rank, hydromining three grades of pure water.
Further, described silver thiosulfate lures male agent to be concentration is 1000ppm.
Spray and lure male agent for start to occur the 3rd true leaf at cucumber seedling, namely two leaves wholeheartedly time, will male agent be lured evenly to spray on the growing point and blade of plant, spray value be with till growing point and blade have obvious drop.Sprayed once every 5 days, cucumber sprays altogether 3 times in breeding time.
Further, spray described in and generally carry out in the dusk of fine day.
Breeding hybrid kind step comprises:
Adjustment date of seeding and Parent ratio, male parent is than maternal 4-6 days in advance, and Parent ratio is 1/9-1/10;
The production of hybrid seeds of net isolation method method, the last week aperture of blooming is that Parent is all buckled in gauze by 14 object polyethylene gauzes, carries out canopy clearly with contact pesticide, the indoor regularly clear canopy of whole Intranet breeding time;
After anther dehiscence, win male flower to the female flower pollination on maternal plant from paternal plant, the same day, open female flower completed pollination that morning, rain or temperature more than 30 DEG C time do not pollinate;
5-7 days after pollination, checks the melon after described pollination, extracts poor pollination or the melon of not pollinating, and plant is planted after melon (melon of namely pollinating) quantity reaches 3, determines whether continue pollination according to plant strain growth situation;
After the Article a kind melon of each plant grows to commodity melon size, carry out rogueing by canopy;
Plant melon (melon of namely pollinating) to pollinate about 40 days, planting melon maturation can gather, and is placed by the seed in kind of melon in non-ferric container, and fermentation 24-48 as a child, wash in a pan only by rinsing;
Naughty clean seed is put and dries in the cool, be exposed to the sun under the sunlight of concrete floor or asphalt road can not be placed on, in case affect the germination rate of seed, after seed dries, by seed clean it up;
Reach after below 8% until seed moisture content, place in new cloth bag and preserve in cool place place, be strictly on guard against mechanical admixture in preservation process and worm, mouse harm, running check, guarantees seed quality, and seed is without adhesion, and pure color, water content is qualified.
Said method is with " 4-2 is drawn in Europe " for male parent, and " 4-1 is drawn in Europe ", the cucumber kind of configuration was gynoecy Mini cucumber " lucky assorted mini No. " for maternal.Plant in greenhouse or booth.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the pure female plants male flower of cucumber after the process of spray medicine occurs that early the blind joint of plant is few.Present treatment can make the differentiation male flower rate of cucumber female series kind reach 85%-95%, is conducive to cucumber hybridization pollination.
Embodiment
Hereafter will describe the present invention in detail in conjunction with specific embodiments.It should be noted that the combination of technical characteristic or the technical characteristic described in following embodiment should not be considered to isolated, they mutually can be combined and be combined with each other thus reach better technique effect.
Utilize silver thiosulfate to lure a male method of cultivating a lucky assorted mini Mini cucumber, with female series Mini cucumber kind " 4-2 is drawn in Europe " for male parent, female series Mini cucumber kind " 4-1 is drawn in Europe ", for maternal, is planted in greenhouse or booth for examination material.
Configuration lures male agent: get AgNO3 (silver nitrate is analyzed pure), Na2S2O35H20 (sodium thiosulfate is analyzed pure) and H20 (three grades of pure water).Measuring cup and stirring apparatus are cleaned up, the AgN03 getting 2g puts into measuring cup and adds 1000ml water and dissolve completely, the Na2S203 getting 24g again puts into another measuring cup and adds 1000ml water and dissolves completely, then AgN03 solution is poured in Na2S203 solution, ceaselessly stir until solution mixes completely, the solution be mixed with is 1000ppm silver thiosulfate and lures male agent.Solution colour should be water white transparency, and any precipitation can not be had to occur, if there is precipitation, is and prepares unsuccessfully, need again prepare.
Because AgN03 has extremely strong non-oxidizability, so should use containing the very low three grades of pure water of mineral matter to dissolve preparation, the solution be made into should be water white transparency, and any precipitation can not be had to occur.
AgN03 attaches most importance to metallic salt, should take care in using, and avoids causing poisoning, through luring the fruit on male plant and plant residue all can not be feeding or edible.
Spray and lure male agent: when male parent " 4-2 is drawn in Europe " cucumber seedling starts to occur the 3rd true leaf (two leaves wholeheartedly time), spray with sprayer or little watering can equably on the growing point and blade of plant by luring male agent, spray value is with till growing point and blade have obvious drop.Sprayed once every 5 days, cucumber sprays altogether 3 times in breeding time.Carry out the dusk that spray date is typically chosen in fine day, and because daytime temperature is high, the moisture transpiration amount of plant and blade is comparatively large, affects effect of spraying pesticide.
Breeding hybrid kind:
1, Parent ratio
For guaranteeing that male parent can provide enough pollen and ensure father, maternal flower synchronization, according to the different characteristics of parent, suitably adjustment date of seeding and Parent ratio, general male parent is than maternal 4-6 days in advance, further, when taking chemical seducing male to male parent, Parent ratio is 1/9 ~ 1/10.
2, sterilize in isolation and canopy
The production of hybrid seeds of net isolation method breeding method, in plant blossom the last week, is that Parent is all buckled in gauze by 14 object polyethylene gauzes with aperture, and carries out canopy clearly with contact pesticides such as dichlorvos.Regularly canopy clearly will be carried out in whole Intranet breeding time indoor.
3, pollinate
After qualification flower pesticide ftractures, win male flower and start pollination.Win male flower to the female flower pollination on maternal plant from paternal plant during pollination, the female flower that the same day opens should complete pollination that morning.Rainy day does not pollinate, pollination of trying not when temperature is more than 30 DEG C.
4, the management of the rear plant of pollination
Every bar melon is pollinated rear after 5-7 days, the inspection of situation of once pollinating, and is reduce nutrient loss, the timely melon extractd poor pollination or do not have pollination.When plant being planted after melon (melon of namely pollinating) quantity reaches 3, determine whether also continue pollination according to the growing state of plant.
5, rogueing
After the Article a kind melon of each plant grows to commodity melon size, carry out a rogueing by canopy.
6, collect seed
The seed collecting time: plant melon and pollinate about 40 days, whole melon all turns yellow, deliquescing is maturation.More than 40 days, seed germinateed in kind of melon, will gather in time after therefore planting melon maturation.Seed in kind of melon is placed in non-iron ware, ferments after 24-48 hour, seed rinsing is washed in a pan clean with clear water.
The airing of seed: seed is washed in a pan only, puts airing in the cool, is exposed to the sun under can not being placed on the sunlight of concrete floor or asphalt road, in case affect the germination rate of seed.After seed dries, by seed clean it up.
The preservation of seed: reach after below 8% until seed moisture content, is contained in new cloth bag, puts and preserve in the cool.Be strictly on guard against mechanical admixture in preservation process and worm, mouse harm, running check, guarantees seed quality, and seed is without adhesion, and pure color, water content is qualified.
Result of implementation: with " 4-2 is drawn in Europe " for male parent, " 4-1 is drawn in Europe " is that the cucumber kind of maternal configuration is gynoecy Mini cucumber " lucky assorted mini No. ".This cucumber variety plant strain growth gesture is strong, and based on main climing knot melon, complete stool is female, and joint becomes second nature strong, and knot melon number is many, corynebacterium, the long 14-16cm of fruit, the heavy 50-80g of single melon, and fruit caving is little, pericarp bottle green, stinglessly substantially to have no result powder without rib, and meat is delicate, and micro-sweetly have fragrance; Gather about 55 days from being seeded into, average hectare output 100,000 kilograms.Strong to powdery mildew, downy mildew resistance.Suitable spring and autumn booth and Cultivation in Greenhouse.
The present invention is sprayed the pure female plants male flower of the cucumber after medicine process and is occurred that early the blind joint of plant is few.Present treatment can make the differentiation male flower rate of cucumber female series kind reach 85%-95%, is conducive to cucumber hybridization pollination.
Although give some embodiments of the present invention, it will be understood by those of skill in the art that without departing from the spirit of the invention herein, can change embodiment herein.Above-described embodiment is exemplary, should using embodiment herein as the restriction of interest field of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. lure a male method of cultivating cucumber, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Configuration lures male agent;
Male agent is lured described in spraying;
Breeding hybrid kind.
2. lure male method of cultivating cucumber as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described configuration lures male agent step to dissolve completely for silver nitrate and sodium thiosulfate being added water respectively, liquor argenti nitratis ophthalmicus after dissolving is poured in hypo solution, constantly be stirred to solution to mix completely, namely obtain silver thiosulfate and lure male agent.
3. lure male method of cultivating cucumber as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described silver nitrate and described sodium thiosulfate use the water-soluble solution of equivalent respectively, and described silver thiosulfate lures the concentration of male agent to be 1000ppm.
4. the method luring male cultivation cucumber as described in any one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, described spraying lures male agent step for start to occur the 3rd true leaf at cucumber seedling, namely two leaves wholeheartedly time, lure male agent evenly to spray on the growing point and blade of plant by described, spray value is with till growing point and blade have obvious drop.
5. lure male method of cultivating cucumber as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described in spray and lure male agent step for spray once every 5 days, cucumber sprays altogether 3 times in breeding time.
6. the method luring male cultivation cucumber as described in any one of claim 1,2,3,5, it is characterized in that, described breeding hybrid kind step is:
Adjustment date of seeding and Parent ratio, described male parent shifts to an earlier date 4-6 days than described female parent, and described Parent ratio is 1/9-1/10;
The production of hybrid seeds of net isolation method method, described Parent is all buckled in described gauze with gauze by the last week of blooming, and carries out canopy clearly with contact pesticide, the indoor regularly clear canopy of whole Intranet breeding time;
After anther dehiscence, win male flower to the female flower pollination on described maternal plant from described paternal plant, the same day, open described female flower completed pollination that morning, rain or temperature more than 30 DEG C time do not pollinate;
5-7 days after pollination, checks the melon after described pollination, extracts poor pollination or the melon of not pollinating, and plant is planted after melon quantity reaches 3, determines whether continue pollination according to plant strain growth situation;
After the Article a kind melon of each plant grows to commodity melon size, carry out rogueing by canopy;
Described kind of melon is pollinated about 40 days, and planting melon maturation can gather, and is placed by the seed in kind of melon in non-ferric container, and fermentation 24-48 as a child, wash in a pan clean by rinsing;
Described naughty clean seed is put and dries in the cool;
Reach after below 8% until described seed moisture content, be placed in new cloth bag and preserve in cool place place.
7. lure male method of cultivating cucumber as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described gauze is aperture 14 object polyethylene gauze, and described male parent is " 4-2 is drawn in Europe ", and described female parent is " 4-1 is drawn in Europe ".
8. the method luring male cultivation cucumber as described in any one of claim 1 or 7, it is characterized in that, described method can be applicable to greenhouse or booth.
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| CN201510046526.8A CN104642093A (en) | 2015-01-24 | 2015-01-24 | Method for cultivating cucumbers by inducing male flowers |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105875234A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-08-24 | 酒泉市华美种子有限责任公司 | Female-line cucumber male induction method |
| CN106034822A (en) * | 2016-05-29 | 2016-10-26 | 寿光市永盛种子有限公司 | Seed preparation method for heliogreenhouse of cucumbers |
| CN112772171A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-05-11 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | Method for increasing number of waxberry hybrid progeny |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105875234A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-08-24 | 酒泉市华美种子有限责任公司 | Female-line cucumber male induction method |
| CN106034822A (en) * | 2016-05-29 | 2016-10-26 | 寿光市永盛种子有限公司 | Seed preparation method for heliogreenhouse of cucumbers |
| CN112772171A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-05-11 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | Method for increasing number of waxberry hybrid progeny |
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Application publication date: 20150527 |