CN102428865A - Breeding method for preparing European greenhouse-type cucumber all-female hybrid by utilizing female lines - Google Patents
Breeding method for preparing European greenhouse-type cucumber all-female hybrid by utilizing female lines Download PDFInfo
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- CN102428865A CN102428865A CN2010102962173A CN201010296217A CN102428865A CN 102428865 A CN102428865 A CN 102428865A CN 2010102962173 A CN2010102962173 A CN 2010102962173A CN 201010296217 A CN201010296217 A CN 201010296217A CN 102428865 A CN102428865 A CN 102428865A
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Abstract
The invention provides a breeding method for preparing a European greenhouse-type cucumber all-female hybrid by utilizing female lines. In the method, two European greenhouse-type cucumber female lines are subjected to artificial chemical male induction; and inducted male flowers are mutually pollinated and hybridized to prepare the European greenhouse-type cucumber all-female hybrid. In the breeding method provided by the invention, an European greenhouse-type cucumber female line HC1 bred from a cucumber variety TORIL is used as a male parent and an European greenhouse-type cucumber female line HC2 bred from a cucumber variety DISCOVER is used as a female parent, so that plants obtained by planting the prepared first-filial generation seeds are all-female plants and the output is higher. Moreover, in the cross pollination process, temperature and pollination time are reasonably regulated, so that the output of the hybrid is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of breeding method, be specifically related to a kind of breeding method of utilizing female series assembly Europe greenhouse type cucumber gynoecy crossbreed.
Background technology
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus Linn) is also claimed cucumber, green cucumber, belongs to cucurbitaceous plant.Be distributed widely in all over China, and be one of main greenhouse product.Cucumber is taken back Central Plains by the Zhang Qian in period of the Western Han Dynastry Western Regions of sening as an envoy to, and is called cucumber, and the emperor Shi Le of the later Chao Dynasty abstains from " recklessly " word during five Hu Shiliu states, and Chinese minister assists the state prefecture to keep Fan Tan it to be changed into " cucumber ".
Cucumber possibly originate from north India, edible its fruit of existing extensively cultivation.Cucumber root is thin and delicate, and absorptivity is poor, and fascicular cork relatively early, and regeneration power is poor, and root mass mainly is distributed in the 30cm topsoil.Live cucumber main root reaches about 100cm deeply, and the distribution diameter of lateral root reaches more than the 200cm.Stem indeterminate growth, branch is many, section tool 4-5 rib, epidermis has seta, bicollateral bundle 6-8 bar, collenchyma and xylem are all undeveloped.Cotyledon is to life, oblong; The true leaf alternate, five jiaos of palmates, bottle green is by fine hair.The flower monoecism, armpit is given birth to; Male flower clusters, and the calyx hat is all planted shape five and split, and hat is yellow, 3 stamens; Female flower Dan Sheng, ovary is the next, Room 3 (or 4-5 chamber), and style is short, and column cap 3 splits.Pseudocarp, exocarp grows for the holder epidermis, tool knurl thorn, pericarp is made up of holder cortex and ovary wall; Parietal placenta, each placenta and are given birth to two row seeds.The seed lanceolar, flat, yellow-white; Every fruit has seed 150-400 grain; Thousand kernel weight 22-42g; Germinating capacity generally can keep 4-5.
Breed cucumber work starts from the end of the fifties, and take place because of the cucumber disease large tracts of land sixties, and begun breeding for disease resistance.On the basis of conventional variety seed selection, begin to carry out cucumber first generation of hybrid use of advantage and research the seventies, and realized the kipeming high yield breeding the eighties.Nineteen eighty-three, breeding for disease resistance included national Program for Tackling Key Problems in; New varieties improve a lot at aspects such as disease resistance, prematurity, yielding ability, qualities; Nineties particularly; The research of cucumber variety customizations has obtained remarkable progress, has realized the professional and complete breeding of facility, and breed cucumber technology, method and correlation theory are furtherd investigate.
The Europe class greenhouse cucumber is distributed in ground such as Britain, Holland.Cauline leaf is in great numbers, tolerance to low temperature and weak light, and fruit surface smooth, light green color, fruit is about 30cm, and long reaches more than the 50cm.Britain greenhouse cucumber, Dutch greenhouse cucumber etc. are arranged, also have the long small-sized Europe class greenhouse cucumber about 12cm of fruit, be commonly referred to the fruit cucumber in China.
At present, the research of relevant European greenhouse type breed cucumber is less relatively, and excellent germ plasm resource is protected, and the problems such as output that how to improve crossbreed still need to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
To above-mentioned deficiency, the present invention provides the breeding method of a kind of European greenhouse type cucumber, and the plant of its hybrid seed that obtains plantation is the gynoecy plant.
Breed cucumber method of the present invention is with two kinds of European greenhouse type cucumber female series, carries out artificial chemistry and urges hero, and with the hybridization of pollinating each other of the male flower that expedites the emergence of out, assembly goes out European greenhouse type cucumber gynoecy crossbreed.
Above-mentioned greenhouse type cucumber female series is that selfing purifying, ratio of female are 100% European greenhouse type cucumber female series.Include but not limited to: draw Dutch certainly DANIMAS, DALEVA, SUPERDALEVA, SUPPORT, WINNER and draw ZERAIMGEDERA from Israel.Preferred male parent is the cucumber female series HC with cucumber variety TORIL (drawing the Europe greenhouse type cucumber variety from the U.S.) seed selection
1, female parent is the cucumber female series HC of cucumber variety DISCOVER (Holland) seed selection
2
It is for luring male agent with silver nitrate that above-mentioned artificial chemistry is urged male method.It is to grow to 1.5～2 leaf periods cucumber that artificial chemistry is urged male method, sprays processing with the aqueous solution of silver nitrate 150～250ppm, at a distance from two days again sprinkling once, the true leaf with plant during sprinkling squirts, and all hangs with globule degree of being with the blade face.The concentration of preferred silver nitrate is 200ppm.
Above-mentioned hybridization is preferably carried out when the female flower open season of maternal the 7th～8 joint.Should female flower and fruit below cucumber the 7th joint be extractd the previous day in pollination hybridization.The temperature of pollination hybridization is preferably 23～25 degree.And the time of pollination hybridization carries out to good in 1～3 hour after sunrise in the morning.
Breeding method of the present invention, the European greenhouse cucumber female series HC of employing cucumber variety TORIL seed selection
1Be male parent, use the European greenhouse cucumber female series HC of cucumber variety DISCOVER seed selection simultaneously
2As female parent, the plant that the first-filial generation seed plantation that makes it to make obtains is the gynoecy plant, and higher output is arranged.In addition, the present invention rationally adjusts temperature and pollination in the process of hybridization pollination opportunity, and the output of hybrid is improved.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of breeding method of the present invention.
Embodiment
Following examples further specify content of the present invention, but should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.Under the situation that does not deviate from the present invention's spirit and essence, modification or replacement to the inventive method, step or condition are done all belong to scope of the present invention.
If do not specialize the conventional means that used technological means is well known to those skilled in the art among the embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Experiment material:
Two European greenhouse type cucumber female series, wherein cucumber female series HC
1Be to draw Europe greenhouse type cucumber variety TORIL from the U.S.; Cucumber female series HC
2Be the DISCOVER of Brumsmaseeds seeds company that draws from Holland; The European greenhouse type cucumber female series that forms through the seed selection of continuous multi-generation selfing purifying.
Liquor argenti nitratis ophthalmicus: AgNO
3The aqueous solution of 200ppm.
Experimental technique:
Adopt the greenhouse culture method, plant cucumber female series HC respectively
1With cucumber female series HC
2, when slice leaf period of cucumber growth to 1.5～2, with silver nitrate (AgNO
3) aqueous solution of 200ppm sprays processing, sprays once at a distance from two days again, should the true leaf of plant be squirted during sprinkling, all hangs with globule degree of being with the blade face.As cucumber female series HC
1When reaching the female flower opening of the 7th～8 joint vegetative period, begin pollination; Pollination is extractd female flower below the 7th joint or little melon the previous day; Pollinated stage is in mid or late April, and temperature is at 23～25 degree; Pollination time carries out in 1～3 hour after the morning, the sun came out.The pollination back is managed according to the conventional method culture technique.Plucked after the whole yellow maturity of kind melon in 42～46 days the pollination back, and carry out species test, and the seed of results is an European greenhouse type cucumber first-filial generation kind (HCF1).Crossbreed (HCF1) is produced cultivation in vegetable protecting fields such as greenhouse and plastic film shed.Can annually produce application in South China's Europe greenhouse type cucumber first-filial generation kind (HCF1).
The result:
Mill trial results shows utilizes European greenhouse type cucumber female series HC
1And HC
2Assembly goes out European greenhouse type cucumber first-filial generation kind (HCF1), and plant is the gynoecy plant of female-flower rate 100% when producing plantation.Parthenocarpy, melon are about 30cm, about 4cm slightly, the heavily about 300g of single melon, and the melon skin color depth is green to have shallow rib ditch.Precocity is seeded into just and received 46～50 days.Output is close with former kind TORIL, per mu yield 5000kg.The more former kind TORIL adaptability of resistance against diseases is strong, the vegetable protecting field production cultivation of suitable South China.
Embodiment 2
Experiment material:
Two European greenhouse type fruit cucumber (small-sized cucumber) female series: wherein fruit cucumber female series SHC201 is the DANIMAS that draws from Holland; Fruit cucumber female series SHC202 draws the GEDERA from the ZERAIM of Israel, the European greenhouse type fruit cucumber female series that forms through the seed selection of inbreeding of more generation purifying.
Liquor argenti nitratis ophthalmicus: AgNO
3The aqueous solution of 200ppm.
Experimental technique:
Adopt the greenhouse culture method; Being male parent with fruit cucumber female series SHC201 respectively, is female parent with fruit cucumber female series SHC202, when slice leaf period of cucumber growth to 1.5～2; The aqueous solution with silver nitrate 200ppm sprays processing; Sprayed once again at a distance from two days, should the true leaf of plant be squirted during sprinkling, all hang with globule degree of being with the blade face.When fruit cucumber female series SHC202 reaches the female flower opening of the 7th～8 joint vegetative period, begin pollination; Pollination is extractd female flower below the 7th joint or little melon the previous day; Pollinated stage is in mid or late April, and temperature is at 23～25 degree; Pollination time carries out in 1～3 hour after the morning, the sun came out.The pollination back is managed according to the conventional method culture technique.Plucked after the whole yellow maturity of kind melon in 40～42 days the pollination back, and carry out species test, and the seed of results is an European greenhouse type cucumber first-filial generation kind (SHCF1).Crossbreed (SHCF1) is produced cultivation in vegetable protecting fields such as greenhouse and plastic film shed.Can annually produce application in South China's Europe greenhouse type cucumber first-filial generation kind (SHCF1).
The result:
The result shows and utilizes European greenhouse type cucumber female series SHC201 and SHC202, and assembly goes out European greenhouse type fruit cucumber first-filial generation kind (SHCF1), and plant is the gynoecy plant of female-flower rate 100% when producing plantation, and every joint has 1～4 female flower.The parthenocarpy ability is strong, and the commodity melon is about 11cm, thick 3cm, and color of the leather is light green glossy.Extremely early mature is seeded into just and received 38～42 days.Output is close with former kind TORIL, per mu yield 4500kg.Stronger adaptability is arranged, vegetable protecting field production cultivations such as suitable South China's plastic tunnel and greenhouse.
Claims (9)
1. breed cucumber method, it carries out two kinds of European greenhouse type cucumber female series artificial chemistry and urges hero, and with the male flower that expedites the emergence of out the hybridization of pollinating each other, assembly goes out European greenhouse type cucumber gynoecy crossbreed.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, said greenhouse type cucumber female series is that selfing purifying, ratio of female are 100% European greenhouse type cucumber female series.
3. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, male parent is the European greenhouse type cucumber female series HC with cucumber variety TORIL seed selection
1, female parent is the European greenhouse type cucumber female series HC with cucumber variety DISCOVER seed selection
2
4. like each described method of claim 1～3, it is characterized in that it is for luring male agent with silver nitrate that said artificial chemistry is urged male method.
5. method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, it is to grow to 1.5～2 leaf periods cucumber that said artificial chemistry is urged male method, with silver nitrate (AgNO
3) aqueous solution of 150～250ppm sprays processing, sprays once at a distance from two days again, the true leaf with plant during sprinkling squirts, and all hangs with globule degree of being with the blade face.
6. like each described method of claim 1～3, it is characterized in that said hybridization is carried out when the female flower open season of maternal the 7th～8 joint.
7. method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, the previous day female flower and fruit below cucumber the 7th joint is extractd in pollination hybridization.
8. like each described method of claim 1～3, it is characterized in that the temperature of pollination hybridization is 23～25 degree.
9. method as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, the time of pollination hybridization carries out in 1～3 hour after sunrise in the morning.
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| CN2010102962173A CN102428865A (en) | 2010-09-29 | 2010-09-29 | Breeding method for preparing European greenhouse-type cucumber all-female hybrid by utilizing female lines |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104642093A (en) * | 2015-01-24 | 2015-05-27 | 吉林省蔬菜花卉科学研究院 | Method for cultivating cucumbers by inducing male flowers |
| CN106613917A (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-05-10 | 青岛市农业科学研究院 | Breeding method for white green all-female Huanan-type cucumber |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1265824A (en) * | 2000-03-23 | 2000-09-13 | 深圳市农业科学研究中心蔬菜技术应用研究所 | Selection and breeding method for full female cucumber cross-breed |
-
2010
- 2010-09-29 CN CN2010102962173A patent/CN102428865A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1265824A (en) * | 2000-03-23 | 2000-09-13 | 深圳市农业科学研究中心蔬菜技术应用研究所 | Selection and breeding method for full female cucumber cross-breed |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 岳宏忠: "河西走廊地区雌性系黄瓜制种技术要点", 《农业科技通讯》 * |
| 张春平等: "硝酸银对黄瓜雌性系的诱雄效应", 《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》 * |
| 闫立英等: "全雌黄瓜单性结实性的遗传分析", 《园艺学报》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104642093A (en) * | 2015-01-24 | 2015-05-27 | 吉林省蔬菜花卉科学研究院 | Method for cultivating cucumbers by inducing male flowers |
| CN106613917A (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-05-10 | 青岛市农业科学研究院 | Breeding method for white green all-female Huanan-type cucumber |
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Application publication date: 20120502 |