CN117598199B - Alum root crossbreeding method - Google Patents
Alum root crossbreeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117598199B CN117598199B CN202410098020.0A CN202410098020A CN117598199B CN 117598199 B CN117598199 B CN 117598199B CN 202410098020 A CN202410098020 A CN 202410098020A CN 117598199 B CN117598199 B CN 117598199B
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- 241000220152 Heuchera Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000009402 cross-breeding Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 244000144730 Amygdalus persica Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000006040 Prunus persica var persica Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000021028 berry Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000010152 pollination Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000005906 Imidacloprid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- YWTYJOPNNQFBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidacloprid Chemical group [O-][N+](=O)\N=C1/NCCN1CC1=CC=C(Cl)N=C1 YWTYJOPNNQFBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940056881 imidacloprid Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000003097 mucus Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008118 PEG 6000 Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002584 Polyethylene Glycol 6000 Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010211 insect pollination Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007198 pollen germination Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004563 wettable powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035899 viability Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P].[K] Chemical compound [N].[P].[K] WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012869 germination medium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 4
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001672 ovary Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005997 Calcium carbide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000004160 Capsicum annuum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008534 Capsicum annuum var annuum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000007862 Capsicum baccatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000014653 Carica parviflora Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000132059 Carica parviflora Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000220151 Saxifragaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001728 capsicum frutescens Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005089 fruit drop Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009630 liquid culture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940093429 polyethylene glycol 6000 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-[2-[2-[2-[bis[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-5-bromophenoxy]ethoxy]-4-methyl-n-[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]anilino]acetate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C(OCCOC=2C(=CC=C(Br)C=2)N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)=C1 CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of flower cultivation, and particularly discloses a alum root hybridization breeding method, which comprises the steps of male parent variety screening and female parent variety screening, wherein the male parent variety combination after screening is any one of four combinations of male parent variety screening and female parent variety screening, namely male parent variety screening, peach color arbor and sub-male parent variety screening, red spicy parent variety screening, female parent berry sand ice screening, permanent red female parent variety screening, peach color arbor and sub-male parent variety screening, permanent red female parent variety screening, and female parent-parent variety combination hybridization affinity of the obtained male parent variety combination is more than or equal to 1, pollen activity is high, fruiting rate is high, and a foundation is laid for realizing variety localization of flower alum roots.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of flower cultivation, and particularly relates to a alum root cross breeding method.
Background
Alum rootHeucheramicrantha) Also called coral bell, paris genus of Saxifragaceae family, perennial cold-resistant evergreen herb flower. The flower pot is popular in the market because of bright and various leaf colors and long ornamental period, is widely used for under-forest flower, ground cover, garden greening and the like in gardens, is praised as a 'garden palette', and is also an excellent potted ornamental plant. The alum root seedling in the current market has high cost, and is difficult to meet the industrial development requirement and the demand of new and different consumer markets. Crossbreeding is an important means for cultivating new flower varieties, and is hopeful to cultivate unique and novel new varieties, thereby being beneficial to realizing variety localization. However, due to small alum root flowers, low pollen activity and the like, hybridization breeding is difficult, and hybridization maturing rate is low, so that the breeding of new alum root varieties is restricted. Therefore, the development of alum hybridization techniques is of great importance and urgency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a alum root cross breeding method for solving the problem of difficult alum root breeding in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the alum root crossbreeding process includes male parent variety screening and female parent variety screening, and the combination of the male parent variety and the female parent variety is one of the following P1-P4:
p1 is red peppery with peach color georgia X;
p2, male parent berry ice sand is red forever;
p3 is red permanently with the female parent and the peach color georgia;
p4 is red for forever.
Further, the alum root cross breeding method comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting a healthy male parent and female parent variety material with any one group of buds from P1 to P4 to be placed in a flower greenhouse;
s2: selecting healthy female parent flower branches, removing stamens, then spraying insecticide on plants to prevent and treat insect pollination, then sleeving a sulfuric acid paper bag, preventing the flower branches from breaking, and pollinating when mucus is secreted by stigma after emasculation for 2-4 d;
s3: removing the head of the female parent coated with mucus from anther adhered with pollen of the male parent plant until yellow or orange pollen is visible on the head of the female parent, covering a sulfuric acid paper bag after finishing the pollination, and removing the sulfuric acid paper bag after pollination for one week;
s4: the plants after pollination are applied once a week, insecticide is sprayed to the pollination plants once a week every other week, and the environmental temperature is controlled to be not higher than 30 ℃.
Preferably, the insecticide is imidacloprid.
Preferably, the pesticide is 1500 times of imidacloprid liquid medicine, and the imidacloprid is 25% of wettable powder.
Preferably, in the step S4, the additional fertilizer is applied once a week, specifically, 1000 times of the water-soluble compound fertilizer is applied once a week, and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio of the compound fertilizer is 17:17:17.
preferably, the male parent variety screening method comprises the following steps: germination tests are carried out on pollen of a alum root variety by adopting a alum root pollen germination culture medium to determine the activity of the pollen, wherein the culture medium is a liquid culture medium and comprises the following components: 10% sucrose+0.1% boric acid+20% PEG6000.
The invention achieves the technical effects that:
the invention obtains hybrid seedlings by screening male parent and female parent of a plurality of alum root varieties, wherein the total number of the hybrid seedlings is 7, and the hybrid affinity is better (the hybrid affinity is more than or equal to 1) and is 4 hybrid combinations: ' berry ice ' permanent red ', ' peach georgette ' permanent red ', "Lijo ' ×" permanent red ', "peach Georgia ' ×" red spicy ". Wherein, the maximum hybridization affinity of the berry sand ice and the permanent red is 2.37, the fruit setting rate is 35.56 percent, the germination rate of the hybrid seeds is 48.78 percent, and compared with other hybridization combinations, the effect is outstanding and has extremely obvious difference.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the swelling of hybrid fruits, wherein A is ' Redox ' eternal red '; b: 'Shanghai' × 'forever red'; d: 'peach color georgia' × 'forever red'; e: "electric lime ' × ' permanent red ';
FIG. 2 is a comparative graph of mature hybrid fruits, wherein A is 'peach Georgia' × 'red peppery'; b: 'red spicy' × 'permanent red'; c: 'Shanghai' × 'forever red'; d, carbide dust ' X ' is permanently red '; e: 'peach color georgia' × 'forever red'; f: 'Lijo' x 'is permanently red';
FIG. 3 is a comparative view of hybrid seedlings;
FIG. 4 shows a diagram of hybrid seeds wherein A is 'peach Georgia' × 'red pepper' seed; b: seeds of 'red peppery' × 'forever red'; c: seeds of 'Shanghai' × 'forever red'; and D, seeds of 'carbide dust' X 'forever red'.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. The reagents used in the present invention are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
In the invention, "PEG6000" has the Chinese name of polyethylene glycol 6000 and CAS:25322-68-3.
The imidacloprid is purchased by a plant protection house farm pesticide pilot plant factory of China academy of agricultural sciences and is 25% of wettable powder (dosage form).
The water-soluble compound fertilizer is purchased from Yunnan Yuntian Cheng Co., ltd, and the component is N+P 2 O 5 +K 2 O is more than or equal to 50 percent, and the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 17:17:17.
in the invention, the names of the alum root varieties such as peach color Georgia, red peppery fruit, berry ice, forever red, liabout and the like are standard registration names, and are purchased by Beijing city flowers and trees limited company.
Example 1
1. Female parent selection
The flower of most alum varieties is in the flowering period of 2-3 weeks, and flowers are easy to fall off when the alum is touched or shaken during the flowering period, so that fruits are difficult to set. Investigation of 10 alum varieties found: the flowers of 6 varieties of 'peach color georgia', 'red spicy', 'berry ice', 'about in', 'calcium carbide dust', 'Shanghai' and the like are not easy to wither, and the stigma is authorized, so that the 6 varieties are selected as hybrid female parent.
2. Father vitality determination and father selection
Pollen viability was tested on alum root pollen by pollen germination ex vivo. Experiments prove that the optimal culture medium for germination of the alum root pollen is 10% sucrose+0.1% boric acid+20% PEG6000. Germination tests are carried out on pollen of 10 alum root varieties to determine the vitality, 3 varieties of pollen are found to have relatively good vitality, namely 'yellow water branch' (germination rate is 34+/-6%), 'forever red' (germination rate is 21+/-9%), and 'red peppery fruit' (germination rate is 22+/-6%), and the 3 varieties of pollen with better vitality are determined to be used as male parents.
3. Hybridization pollination
Before pollination, firstly placing healthy parent and mother materials with buds in a flower greenhouse, wherein each variety is at least 5m apart; the greenhouse is provided with an insect-proof net to reduce insect damage and pollination.
Healthy female parent flowers are selected, the flowers which are already opened and smaller buds are removed, buds which are in bud desire are selected, petals and stamens are carefully removed by forceps, and the emasculation process should avoid touching pistil stigma. And after removing stamens, spraying 1500 times of imidacloprid liquid medicine on plants to prevent and treat insect pollination, and then sleeving a sulfuric acid paper bag, wherein 3-4 wood sticks are required to support the sulfuric acid bag and the plants during bagging to prevent flowers and branches from breaking. Pollinating can be performed after emasculation for 2-4d and mucus secretion from the stigma.
Selecting flowers which are opened for 1-3d on healthy male parent plants, clamping the filament parts connected with anthers by forceps, taking off the anthers, immediately removing the female parent stigmas smeared with mucus by the anthers adhered with pollen until yellow or orange pollen is visible on the stigmas, indicating that the pollen is adhered to the female parent stigmas, only pollinating two flowers in each inflorescence in order to ensure the nutrition supply of the female parent, bagging after finishing the pollination, and hanging a card to record the pollination time, the male parent and the number of pollinated flowers; the sulfuric acid bag was removed after one week of pollination.
After pollination is completed, 1000 times of water-soluble compound fertilizer is applied once a week to ensure nutrition supply of the pollinated plants and avoid fruit drop. Plants were sprayed with 1500 times imidacloprid (insecticide) every other week. When the temperature in the greenhouse reaches 30 ℃ during hybridization pollination, a fan and a spraying system are opened to cool, and the environmental temperature is controlled below 30 ℃.
Counting the number of ovary expansion 10-12 days after pollination, and calculating the fruit setting rate.
And harvesting in time when fruits turn yellow (or brown) 18-23 days after pollination, counting the average number of seeds per fruit, sowing the seeds on a peat substrate with the grain diameter of 0-6cm, and counting the germination rate of the seeds after 30 days.
Hybridization Effect
TABLE 1 statistics of hybridization effects
Note that: fruit setting rate = number of ovary expansion/number of pollinated flowers x 100%; hybrid seed germination rate = number of germinated seeds/number of inoculated seeds x 100%; number of fertile seeds per unit = average number of fruit seeds per fruit seed x germination rate of hybrid seeds; hybrid affinity = fruit setting rate x number of fertile seeds per unit
As can be seen from table 1 in combination with fig. 1 and 2, under the condition that the male parent is the same, the female parent is different, the fruit setting rate and the fruit shape are different, and from the hybridization result, a total of 7 hybridization combinations are obtained to obtain hybridization seedlings, wherein the hybridization affinity is better (the hybridization affinity is more than or equal to 1) is 4 hybridization combinations: the method comprises the steps of 'berry ice-sand' permanent red ',' peach-color georgette 'permanent red', 'about' x 'permanent red', 'peach-color georgette' red peppery ', wherein the hybridization affinity of the' berry ice-sand 'permanent red' reaches 2.37 at most, the fruit setting rate reaches 35.56%, the germination rate of the hybridized seeds is 48.78%, the germinated morphology is shown in a figure 3, the offspring seedlings of the hybridized combination are robust, the morphology and the color are different, the seed morphology of different hybridized combinations is different in combination with the figure 4, and the protected technical scheme has outstanding effect and extremely obvious difference compared with other hybridized combinations.
In conclusion, the technical scheme of the invention establishes a alum root hybridization breeding technical system and obtains hybridization seedlings, and lays a foundation for cultivating novel alum root varieties and realizing variety localization.
Claims (6)
1. The alum root crossbreeding process includes male parent variety screening and female parent variety screening, and features that the selected male parent variety and female parent variety combination is one of the following P1-P4 combinations:
p1 is red peppery with peach color georgia X;
p2, male parent berry ice sand is red forever;
p3 is red permanently with the female parent and the peach color georgia;
p4 is red for forever.
2. The alum root cross-breeding method according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1: selecting a healthy male parent and female parent variety material with any one group of buds from P1 to P4 to be placed in a flower greenhouse;
s2: selecting healthy female parent flower branches, removing stamens, then spraying insecticide on plants to prevent and treat insect pollination, then sleeving a sulfuric acid paper bag, preventing the flower branches from breaking, and pollinating when mucus is secreted by stigma after emasculation for 2-4 d;
s3: removing the head of the female parent coated with mucus from anther adhered with pollen of the male parent plant until yellow or orange pollen is visible on the head of the female parent, covering a sulfuric acid paper bag after finishing the pollination, and removing the sulfuric acid paper bag after pollination for one week;
s4: the plants after pollination are applied once a week, insecticide is sprayed to the pollination plants once a week every other week, and the environmental temperature is controlled to be not higher than 30 ℃.
3. The method of alum root cross-breeding according to claim 2, wherein the pesticide is imidacloprid.
4. The method of cross-breeding alum according to claim 3, wherein the pesticide is 1500 times of imidacloprid liquid, and the imidacloprid is 25% wettable powder.
5. The alum root cross breeding method according to claim 2, wherein in step S4, the additional fertilizer is applied once a week, specifically, 1000 times of water-soluble compound fertilizer is applied once a week, and the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio of the compound fertilizer is 17:17:17.
6. the alum root cross breeding method according to claim 1, wherein the male parent variety screening method comprises the following steps: germination tests were performed on pollen from the alum variety using a alum pollen germination medium of 10% sucrose +0.1% boric acid +20% peg6000 to determine its viability.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11259A (en) * | 1854-07-11 | Andrew mayer | ||
| JP2014027923A (en) * | 2012-07-25 | 2014-02-13 | Bonza Botanicals Pty Ltd | Argyranthemum intergeneric hybrid plants and methods of production |
| CN108496798A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-09-07 | 贵州思源农旅综合开发有限公司 | A kind of tissue culture propagation method of alum root " kimonos " |
| CN113508747A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-10-19 | 云南农业大学 | Method for inducing robust growth of mango seedling root system |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USPP11259P (en) * | 1998-03-26 | 2000-03-07 | Terra Nova Nurseries, Inc. | Heuchera plant named `Champagne Bubbles` |
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- 2024-01-24 CN CN202410098020.0A patent/CN117598199B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11259A (en) * | 1854-07-11 | Andrew mayer | ||
| JP2014027923A (en) * | 2012-07-25 | 2014-02-13 | Bonza Botanicals Pty Ltd | Argyranthemum intergeneric hybrid plants and methods of production |
| CN108496798A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-09-07 | 贵州思源农旅综合开发有限公司 | A kind of tissue culture propagation method of alum root " kimonos " |
| CN113508747A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-10-19 | 云南农业大学 | Method for inducing robust growth of mango seedling root system |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 矾根流行品种与应用;丛群;石姜超;;中国花卉园艺;20141015(第20期);第38-39页 * |
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