CN112638870A - 用于制备6-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-[4-[(3s)-1-(3-氟丙基)吡咯烷-3-基]氧基苯基]-8,9-二氢-7h-苯并[7]轮烯-2-甲酸甲酯的方法 - Google Patents
用于制备6-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-[4-[(3s)-1-(3-氟丙基)吡咯烷-3-基]氧基苯基]-8,9-二氢-7h-苯并[7]轮烯-2-甲酸甲酯的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112638870A CN112638870A CN201980058412.1A CN201980058412A CN112638870A CN 112638870 A CN112638870 A CN 112638870A CN 201980058412 A CN201980058412 A CN 201980058412A CN 112638870 A CN112638870 A CN 112638870A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 125000004201 2,4-dichlorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C(Cl)C([H])=C1Cl 0.000 title abstract description 9
- HNEGJTWNOOWEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoropropane Chemical group [CH2]CCF HNEGJTWNOOWEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 125000004575 3-pyrrolidinyl group Chemical group [H]N1C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 title description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000003839 salts Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000006069 Suzuki reaction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical group [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000003891 oxalate salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- CXNIUSPIQKWYAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N xantphos Chemical compound C=12OC3=C(P(C=4C=CC=CC=4)C=4C=CC=CC=4)C=CC=C3C(C)(C)C2=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 CXNIUSPIQKWYAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006254 arylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- YNHIGQDRGKUECZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(ii) dichloride Chemical group [Cl-].[Cl-].[Pd+2].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 YNHIGQDRGKUECZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
- AXDYGPIMKPWMQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 5-oxo-6,7,8,9-tetrahydrobenzo[7]annulene-2-carboxylate Chemical compound C1CCCC(=O)C=2C1=CC(C(=O)OC)=CC=2 AXDYGPIMKPWMQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000104 sodium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropanol acetate Natural products CC(C)OC(C)=O JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940011051 isopropyl acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N isovaleric acid Chemical compound CC(C)CC(O)=O GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- DIOHEXPTUTVCNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoro-n-phenyl-n-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methanesulfonamide Chemical compound FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)N(S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F)C1=CC=CC=C1 DIOHEXPTUTVCNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L caesium carbonate Chemical compound [Cs+].[Cs+].[O-]C([O-])=O FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000024 caesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- CYPYTURSJDMMMP-WVCUSYJESA-N (1e,4e)-1,5-diphenylpenta-1,4-dien-3-one;palladium Chemical compound [Pd].[Pd].C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1.C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1.C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 CYPYTURSJDMMMP-WVCUSYJESA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZLXABOVOCSRKAL-KRWDZBQOSA-N FCCCN1C[C@H](CC1)OC1=CC=C(C=C1)B1OC(C(O1)(C)C)(C)C Chemical group FCCCN1C[C@H](CC1)OC1=CC=C(C=C1)B1OC(C(O1)(C)C)(C)C ZLXABOVOCSRKAL-KRWDZBQOSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002940 palladium Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)(C)[O-] MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002827 triflate group Chemical group FC(S(=O)(=O)O*)(F)F 0.000 claims description 4
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WLEFNEDCWYKWQU-ZDUSSCGKSA-N (3S)-1-(3-fluoropropyl)-3-phenoxypyrrolidine Chemical group FCCCN1C[C@H](CC1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 WLEFNEDCWYKWQU-ZDUSSCGKSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical group [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000404 tripotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 56
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 21
- GQHTUMJGOHRCHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,6,7,8,9,10-octahydropyrimido[1,2-a]azepine Chemical compound C1CCCCN2CCCN=C21 GQHTUMJGOHRCHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000004895 liquid chromatography mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 11
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 9
- -1 5-oxo-6, 7,8, 9-tetrahydro-5H-benzo [7] annulene-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 7
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M triflate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formic acid Chemical compound OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 5
- ISHYFWKKWKXXPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-2,4-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Br)C(Cl)=C1 ISHYFWKKWKXXPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OCQAXYHNMWVLRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dibenzoyl-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C(O)(C(O)=O)C(O)(C(=O)O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OCQAXYHNMWVLRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MSXVEPNJUHWQHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)(C)O MSXVEPNJUHWQHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YDCDQLPZRXYIRX-UQKRIMTDSA-N Cl.CC1(OB(OC1(C)C)C1=CC=C(O[C@@H]2CNCC2)C=C1)C Chemical compound Cl.CC1(OB(OC1(C)C)C1=CC=C(O[C@@H]2CNCC2)C=C1)C YDCDQLPZRXYIRX-UQKRIMTDSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisopropyl ether Chemical compound CC(C)OC(C)C ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Pd+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 3
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004704 ultra performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- URBUZQPPQLQHBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoro-3-iodopropane Chemical compound FCCCI URBUZQPPQLQHBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZQKJCBDCOGLKCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dichloro-1-iodobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(I)C(Cl)=C1 ZQKJCBDCOGLKCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WLRMIOGKWITDNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6,7,8,9-tetrahydrobenzo[7]annulen-5-one Chemical compound C1CCCC(=O)C=2C1=CC(OC)=CC=2 WLRMIOGKWITDNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BICZJRAGTCRORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenol Chemical compound O1C(C)(C)C(C)(C)OB1C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 BICZJRAGTCRORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSAUHWRNBBMZIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-sulfanyl-1h-triazine-6-thione Chemical compound SC1=CC(=S)NN=N1 LSAUHWRNBBMZIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000005228 aryl sulfonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 2
- IIJREXIVDSIOFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloromethane;heptane Chemical compound ClCCl.CCCCCCC IIJREXIVDSIOFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 2
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002198 insoluble material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004811 liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000005636 nonafluorobutanesulfonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- IUBQJLUDMLPAGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N([K])[Si](C)(C)C IUBQJLUDMLPAGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000425 proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940125944 selective estrogen receptor degrader Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfamate Chemical compound NS([O-])(=O)=O IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- APCBTRDHCDOPNY-SSDOTTSWSA-N tert-butyl (3r)-3-hydroxypyrrolidine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1CC[C@@H](O)C1 APCBTRDHCDOPNY-SSDOTTSWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PVNUIRUAPVSSOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylimino(tripyrrolidin-1-yl)-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound C1CCCN1P(N1CCCC1)(=NC(C)(C)C)N1CCCC1 PVNUIRUAPVSSOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WJKHJLXJJJATHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic anhydride Chemical compound FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F WJKHJLXJJJATHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000825 ultraviolet detection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- MGPACOMMHWHQJI-ZYMOGRSISA-N (2S)-2-tert-butyl-3-[4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenoxy]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1CN(C(O)=O)[C@@H](C(C)(C)C)C1OC1=CC=C(B2OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O2)C=C1 MGPACOMMHWHQJI-ZYMOGRSISA-N 0.000 description 1
- YONLFQNRGZXBBF-ZIAGYGMSSA-N (2r,3r)-2,3-dibenzoyloxybutanedioic acid Chemical compound O([C@@H](C(=O)O)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C(O)=O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 YONLFQNRGZXBBF-ZIAGYGMSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLSDXINSOMDCBK-BQYQJAHWSA-N (E)-1,1'-azobis(N,N-dimethylformamide) Chemical compound CN(C)C(=O)\N=N\C(=O)N(C)C VLSDXINSOMDCBK-BQYQJAHWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JGTNAGYHADQMCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluorobutane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F JGTNAGYHADQMCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SGUVLZREKBPKCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]-non-5-ene Chemical compound C1CCN=C2CCCN21 SGUVLZREKBPKCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HVKCZUVMQPUWSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-2,3-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1Cl HVKCZUVMQPUWSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PDACHAUHEFLZKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-benzo[7]annulen-4-yloxy)acetic acid Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC2=C1CCCCC2)OCC(=O)O PDACHAUHEFLZKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCYGTJYJRNRROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(5-oxo-6,7,8,9-tetrahydrobenzo[7]annulen-1-yl)oxy]acetic acid Chemical compound C(=O)(O)COC1=CC=CC2=C1CCCCC2=O YCYGTJYJRNRROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMGUEILFFWDGFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-benzoyl-2-benzoyloxy-3-hydroxybutanedioic acid Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C(C(C(O)=O)O)(C(O)=O)OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KMGUEILFFWDGFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- PAFURZJCCMSKNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 6-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-[4-[1-(3-fluoropropyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl]oxyphenyl]-8,9-dihydro-7H-benzo[7]annulene-2-carboxylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=1C=CC2=C(CCCC(=C2C2=CC=C(C=C2)OC2CN(CC2)CCCF)C2=C(C=C(C=C2)Cl)Cl)C=1 PAFURZJCCMSKNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- LXNAVEXFUKBNMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(II) acetate Substances [Pd].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O LXNAVEXFUKBNMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005003 perfluorobutyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
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- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- PBIMIGNDTBRRPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoro borate Chemical compound FOB(OF)OF PBIMIGNDTBRRPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001889 triflyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- FIQMHBFVRAXMOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphane oxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 FIQMHBFVRAXMOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D207/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D207/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D207/12—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/1616—Coordination complexes, e.g. organometallic complexes, immobilised on an inorganic support, e.g. ship-in-a-bottle type catalysts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C55/00—Saturated compounds having more than one carboxyl group bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C55/02—Dicarboxylic acids
- C07C55/06—Oxalic acid
- C07C55/07—Salts thereof
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C59/00—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups
- C07C59/235—Saturated compounds containing more than one carboxyl group
- C07C59/245—Saturated compounds containing more than one carboxyl group containing hydroxy or O-metal groups
- C07C59/255—Tartaric acid
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/40—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
- A61K31/4015—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil having oxo groups directly attached to the heterocyclic ring, e.g. piracetam, ethosuximide
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Abstract
本文提供了一种用于通过以下方式制备6‑(2,4‑二氯苯基)‑5‑[4‑[(3S)‑1‑(3‑氟丙基)吡咯烷‑3‑基]氧基苯基]‑8,9‑二氢‑7H‑苯并[7]轮烯‑2‑甲酸甲酯的新颖方法:将化合物(3),其中LG表示离去基团,与有机硼试剂的铃木偶联:(3)。化合物(3)通过用离去基团LG活化化合物(4)而获得,并且化合物(4)通过用1‑LG'‑2,4‑二氯苯对5‑氧代‑6,7,8,9‑四氢‑5H‑苯并[7]轮烯‑2‑甲酸甲酯进行α‑芳基化而获得,其中LG'表示离去基团:(4)。
Description
本文提供了一种用于制备6-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-[4-[(3S)-1-(3-氟丙基)吡咯烷-3-基]氧基苯基]-8,9-二氢-7H-苯并[7]轮烯-2-甲酸甲酯的新颖方法,以及可用于这种方法的新颖化合物。
6-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-[4-[(3S)-1-(3-氟丙基)吡咯烷-3-基]氧基苯基]-8,9-二氢-7H-苯并[7]轮烯-2-甲酸甲酯,也称为6-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-[4-[(3S)-1-(3-氟丙基)吡咯烷-3-基]氧基苯基]-8,9-二氢-7H-苯并[7]轮烯-2-甲酸甲基酯并且下文称为“化合物(2)”,是合成6-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-[4-[(3S)-1-(3-氟丙基)吡咯烷-3-基]氧基苯基]-8,9-二氢-7H-苯并[7]轮烯-2-甲酸(下文称为“化合物(1)”)的N-1中间体。实际上,化合物(1)可以通过化合物(2)的皂化获得。
下面绘示的化合物(1)是选择性雌激素受体降解剂(SERD),SERD具有雌激素受体拮抗剂特性并且加速雌激素受体的蛋白酶体降解。它可以特别用作抗癌剂。此化合物在专利申请WO 2017/140669中被公开。
对于医药产品中的活性成分及其合成中间体,总是需要找到更适合工业实施的新合成路线。
本文描述了一种用于制备呈碱形式或呈盐形式的化合物(2)(化合物(1)的甲酯)的新颖方法:
其特征在于化合物(2)通过以下方式获得:将化合物(3)(其中LG表示离去基团)与有机硼试剂:
进行铃木偶联,任选地随后进行成盐反应。
本文还描提供了一种用于制备呈碱形式或呈盐形式的化合物(2)的方法:
其特征在于化合物(2)通过以下方式获得:将化合物(3)
其中LG表示离去基团,
与有机硼试剂OrganoB-X,其中OrganoB是硼衍生物并且X是下式的(3S)-1-(3-氟丙基)-3-苯氧基吡咯烷部分:
进行铃木偶联,任选地随后进行成盐反应。
在本文提供的方法的一个实施方案中,如上所述的化合物(3)通过用离去基团LG活化化合物(4)而获得:
在本文提供的方法的另一个实施方案中,如上所述的化合物(4)通过用如下定义的1-LG'-2,4-二氯苯对5-氧代-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并[7]轮烯-2-甲酸甲酯(如下表示为化合物(5))进行α-芳基化而获得:
根据本发明,LG'表示任何离去基团。
在一个实施方案中,LG'表示
式-O-SO2-CnF(2n+1)的离去基团,其中n=1至4,更特别是三氟甲磺酸酯(其中n=1)或九氟丁烷磺酸酯(其中n=4),或者
选自溴或碘的卤素原子。
在一个具体实施方案中,1-LG'-2,4-二氯苯是1-Hal-2,4-二氯苯,其中Hal表示选自溴或碘的卤素原子。
在本文提供的方法中,离去基团LG和LG'被定义为显示离去基团特性并且允许在随后的化学反应中进一步取代的化学部分。
更具体地,化合物(3)中的离去基团LG通过活化化合物(4)中的羰基官能团而获得。如本领域技术人员已知的,可以使用化合物(4)中的羰基官能团的常规活化反应。
例如,化合物(3)中的离去基团LG可以是卤素原子,或烷基或芳基氨基磺酸酯、烷基或芳基磷酸酯、或烷基或芳基磺酸酯,特别是卤素原子或烷基或芳基磺酸酯。
在一个实施方案中,化合物(3)中的离去基团可以是卤素原子或甲磺酸酯、甲苯磺酸酯、氨基磺酸酯、磷酸酯或三氟甲磺酸酯基团。
在本发明的另一个实施方案中,离去基团LG是卤素原子或甲磺酸酯、甲苯磺酸酯、氨基磺酸酯、磷酸酯、三氟甲磺酸酯或九氟丁烷磺酸酯基团。
在本发明的一个具体实施方案中,离去基团LG是三氟甲磺酸酯或九氟丁烷磺酸酯基团。
有利地,离去基团LG是三氟甲磺酸酯基团(三氟甲磺酰基,对应于式-O-S(O)2-CF3)。
在本发明的上下文中,除非在整个说明书中另有提及,否则以下术语具有以下定义:
-烷基:包含(除非另有提及)1至6个碳原子的基于直链或支链饱和烃的脂肪族基团(记为“(C1-C6)-烷基”)。作为示例,可以提及但不限于:甲基、乙基、丙基、正丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、戊基、异戊基、己基和异己基等。所述基团可以部分地或完全地被氟原子取代并且包括但不限于全氟甲基、全氟乙基、全氟丙基、全氟丁基等;
-芳基:苯基、萘基或经取代的苯基,其中经取代的苯基被定义为其中一个或多个氢被相同或不同的取代基替代的苯基,所述取代基包括但不限于:卤素原子、烷基、硝基、氰基、烷氧基、芳基、杂芳基和三氟甲基等。
因此,在本文提供的方法的一个实施方案中,将化合物(4)活化成化合物(3'),其中化合物(3')被定义为其中LG表示三氟甲磺酸酯基团的化合物(3)。将化合物(4)活化成化合物(3')是三氟甲磺酰化反应:
在此类反应中,使用三氟甲磺酰化试剂,诸如N-苯基双三氟甲磺酰亚胺或三氟甲磺酸酐。
有利地,N-苯基双三氟甲磺酰亚胺,也称为N,N-双(三氟甲基磺酰基)苯胺,用作三氟甲磺酰化试剂。此试剂有利地以相对于化合物(4)略微过量的量使用,诸如约1.3eq.(当量)。
合适的三氟甲磺酰化介质取决于所用的三氟甲磺酰化试剂,如本领域技术人员已知的。
三氟甲磺酰化反应是在适当的有机溶剂(例如,THF(四氢呋喃)、Me-THF(甲基-四氢呋喃)、乙腈、二噁烷、或甲苯与Me-THF的混合物)中进行。有利地,Me-THF用作有机溶剂。
三氟甲磺酰化反应有利地用N-苯基双三氟甲磺酰亚胺作为三氟甲磺酰化试剂在作为有机溶剂的Me-THF中进行。三氟甲磺酰化反应的温度有利地选自0℃与室温之间。
三氟甲磺酰化反用强碱进行,所述强碱是例如氢化钠(NaH)、双(三甲基甲硅烷基)氨基钾(KHMDS)或磷腈碱(诸如BEMP(2-叔丁基亚氨基-2-二乙基氨基-1,3-二甲基全氢-1,3,2-二氮杂磷杂苯)或BTPP(叔丁基亚氨基-三(吡咯烷基)磷烷))。有利地,将氢化钠用作强碱。
当将NaH用作强碱时,三氟甲磺酰化反应用催化剂进行,所述催化剂是例如DBU(1,8-二氮杂二环[5.4.0]十一-7-烯)或DBN(1,5-二氮杂二环(4.3.0)壬-5-烯)。有利地,将DBU用作催化剂。
有利地,三氟甲磺酰化反应在用氢化钠作为强碱并且用DBU作为催化剂的情况下进行。有利地,在三氟甲磺酰化反应中使用催化量的DBU(诸如约0.2当量),以及化学计算量的NaH(诸如约1.0-1.1当量)或亚化学计量的NaH(约0.7-0.8当量)和化学计算量的DBU(约1.0-1.2当量)。
有利地在三氟甲磺酰化反应之后,根据本领域技术人员已知的结晶技术结晶所获得的产物,以便获得高纯度(诸如纯度等于或大于99%)的化合物(3),之后让其经历所述方法的下一步骤。此类结晶步骤可以例如在乙腈、叔戊醇、庚烷或二异丙基醚中进行。有利地,结晶在乙腈中进行。在乙腈中的结晶有利地在0℃下进行,并且然后可以在约45℃下干燥。
在本文提供的方法的一个实施方案中,化合物(5)的α-芳基化以产生化合物(4)用1-碘-2,4-二氯苯或1-溴-2,4-二氯苯进行,它们都是可商购的反应物。有利地,将1-溴-2,4-二氯苯用作α-芳基化反应物。
此α-芳基化步骤可以在有机溶剂中在作为催化剂的钯衍生物、用于α-芳基化反应的适当配体、和矿物碱的存在下进行。
有利地,α-芳基化步骤在作为有机溶剂的二甲苯、甲苯、乙酸丁酯、乙酸异丙酯或THF中使用乙酸钯(II)(Pd(OAc)2)或三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0)(Pd2dba3)作为催化剂以及Xantphos(4,5-双(二苯基膦基)-9,9-二甲基呫吨)作为配体进行。可替代地,当将Pd2dba3用作催化剂时,DPEPhos(双[(2-二苯基膦基)苯基]醚)可以用作配体。用于α-芳基化步骤的另一种可能的钯衍生物是[1,1'-双(二叔丁基膦基)二茂铁]二氯化钯(II)(PdCl2(dtbpf))。有利地,α-芳基化步骤在作为有机溶剂的甲苯中并且用Pd2dba3作为催化剂进行。在这些条件下,可以应用在回流下加热。
有利地,α-芳基化步骤在矿物碱的存在下进行,所述无机碱是诸如K2CO3、K3PO4、Cs2CO3和tBuONa。矿物碱有利地相对于化合物(5)过量存在,诸如1.5至4当量(eq),更特别是2.5至4当量。
在本文提供的方法中,应用于化合物(3)以产生化合物(2)的铃木反应被定义为使用有机硼试剂和基于过渡金属的催化剂(有利地是基于钯的催化剂)的偶联反应。
有利地,用于本文提供的方法的铃木偶联步骤的有机硼试剂是试剂(1),即(3S)-1-(3-氟丙基)-3-[4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷-2-基)苯氧基]吡咯烷(其被描述在专利申请WO 2017/140669中)、或相应的酸(通过水解试剂(1)的酯部分而获得的如下所展示的命名的试剂(2))、或其盐诸如经由通过二氟氢钾(KHF2)将试剂(2)或(1)的硼酸或酯部分成盐而获得的三氟硼酸钾盐(如下所展示的命名的试剂(3)):
将专利申请WO 2017/140669中关于制备(3S)-1-(3-氟丙基)-3-[4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷-2-基)苯氧基]吡咯烷(试剂(1))的内容通过引用并入本文。
用于本文提供的方法的铃木偶联步骤的有机硼试剂有利地以相对于化合物(3)等摩尔量(即约1当量)来使用。
用于本文提供的方法的铃木偶联步骤的基于钯的催化剂有利地是式PdCl2(PPh3)2的钯络合物双(三苯基膦)二氯化钯(II)。
它以催化量,例如以约0.05当量的量使用。
用于本文提供的方法的铃木偶联步骤的合适反应介质取决于所用的特定试剂,如本领域技术人员已知的。
当将双(三苯基膦)二氯化钯(II)用作催化剂时,所述反应有利地用无机碱(诸如碳酸铯(Cs2CO3))并且在有机溶剂(诸如水/乙腈(CH3CN)混合物)中进行。
在本文提供的方法的一个实施方案中,可以在铃木偶联步骤之后进行成盐反应,以获得呈盐形式、有利地呈草酸盐形式的化合物(2)。
因此,铃木偶联步骤之后可以是成盐反应,例如用于获得化合物(2)的草酸盐或化合物(2)的二苯甲酰基酒石酸盐。
本文的化合物(2)的草酸盐可以使用草酸在选自酯类溶剂(诸如乙酸酯溶剂,例如乙酸乙酯或乙酸异丙酯)、醚类溶剂(诸如MTBE(甲基叔丁基醚)或二异丙基醚)、和甲苯的溶剂中获得。
有利地,化合物(2)的草酸盐是在加热下(例如在约70℃)使用草酸在乙酸异丙酯中获得的。
化合物(2)的二苯甲酰基酒石酸盐可以使用二苯甲酰基酒石酸(也称为(2R,3R)-2,3-二苯甲酰氧基丁二酸)在甲苯和庚烷中获得。
如上所述的化合物(2)的术语“成盐”是指形成盐,从而允许沉淀化合物(2)。
尤其是对于草酸盐,此类成盐步骤允许以高纯度从反应混合物中回收化合物(2)。它还允许避免使用用于以高纯度从反应混合物中回收化合物(2)的柱色谱法。
具有盐形成的此类合成路线对于工业规模和化合物(2)的储存特别方便。
化合物(2)的二苯甲酰基酒石酸盐以约93%的纯度沉淀,并且化合物(2)的草酸盐以等于或大于98%的纯度沉淀。
本发明文本还描述了呈草酸盐形式的化合物(2):
本发明文本还描述了呈二苯甲酰基酒石酸盐形式的化合物(2):
鉴于以上描述,本文提供的用于制备化合物(2)的方法的实施方案在下面的方案1中表示,其中LG'和LG如上所定义:
方案1:
本文提供的用于制备化合物(2)的方法的另一个实施方案在下面的方案2中表示,其中LG'如上所定义:
方案2:
化合物(2)可以经受皂化反应,由此酯官能团的水解将产生具有相应酸性官能团的化合物(1)。此类皂化反应可以在本领域技术人员已知的条件下进行,即在碱性介质中,有利地使用氢氧化钠作为碱,以及在有机溶剂中,有利地是醇溶剂,诸如甲醇。在皂化反应期间施加加热以加速酯部分的水解(例如,在约60℃下)。此类皂化反应描述于专利申请WO2017/140669中。
当使用化合物(2)的盐形式时,在进行皂化反应之前,例如使用碳酸钾水溶液制备化合物(2)的游离碱。
本文还提供了一种用于制备化合物(1)或其药学上可接受的盐的方法:
所述方法通过化合物(2)的皂化来进行:
其中化合物(2)通过上述方法获得。
本文还提供了化合物(4)、(3)和(3'),其中LG表示如上所述的离去基团:
化合物(4)、(3)和(3')可用作制备化合物(2)的新颖中间体。
所述用于制备本文提供的化合物(2)的方法对于工业实施是特别有利的,因为它包括比迄今已知的合成化合物(2)的其他方法(其描述在专利申请WO 2017/140669中)更少的反应步骤。
下面的方案3说明了WO 2017/140669中描述的用于合成化合物(2)的最短方法。在方案3中,每种中间体以与所述国际专利申请中提供的相同名称指定。如方案3中所说明从可商购的中间体2-甲氧基-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并[7]轮烯-5-酮开始的此方法在下文中被指定为“路线A”。
方案3:路线A
在方案3中所说明的路线A中,从5-氧代-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并[7]轮烯-2-甲酸甲酯开始(与本文中的“化合物(5)”和WO 2017/140669中的“中间体(A5)”指定相同的化合物)开始以4个步骤获得化合物(2)。因此,与路线A相比,本文提供的用于制备化合物(2)的方法允许从5-氧代-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并[7]轮烯-2-甲酸甲酯开始以仅3个步骤获得此化合物。
合成化合物(2)的第二方法描述于WO 2017/140669,是从与以上方案3中相同的中间体2-甲氧基-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并[7]轮烯-5-酮和中间体(A2)开始的。这种合成化合物(2)的第二方法在下面的方案4中说明,其中每种中间体以与专利申请WO 2017/140669中提供的相同的名称指定。方案4中的此方法在下文中被指定为“路线B”。
方案4:路线B
因此,似乎在方案4中的用于制备化合物(2)的方法需要比方案3中的方法更多的反应步骤。
因此,与如WO 2017/140669中描述的路线A和B两者相比,本文提供的用于合成化合物(2)的新方法在步骤数方面更短。
以下描述了根据本文提供的新颖合成方法合成化合物(2)的方案的实施例。
实施例1:有机硼衍生物“试剂(1)”的制备
在如本文提供的用于合成化合物(2)的方法的铃木偶联步骤中有用的试剂(1)的制备在下面的方案5中说明,转载自专利申请WO 2017/140669。
方案5:
根据方案5,在室温下在四氢呋喃(THF)中使用N,N,N',N'-四甲基偶氮二甲酰胺作为偶联剂将可商购的化合物(a)(4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷-2-基)苯酚)缩合在(R)-1-N-Boc-3-羟基吡咯烷上。
根据步骤2,使用酸性试剂(例如HCl 4N在二噁烷中的溶液),在室温下将由此获得的化合物(c)在甲醇(MeOH)中进行N-脱保护。
然后在步骤3中,通过在约40℃下在碳酸钾(K2CO3)的存在下使化合物(d)与相应的1,1-二取代的1-卤代-3-氟丙烷(例如1-碘-3-氟丙烷)在乙腈中反应来进行吡咯烷氮的烷基化。
方案5的步骤1至3由以下详细方案说明。
在Bruker Avance DRX-400光谱仪上进行1H NMR光谱,其中在303K的温度下在参考溶剂二甲基亚砜-d6(dDMSO-d6)中的化学位移(δ,以ppm计)为2.50ppm。耦合常数(J)以赫兹给出。
液相色谱/质谱(LC/MS)数据在UPLC Acquity Waters仪器、光散射检测器Sedere和SQD Waters质谱仪上使用UV检测DAD 210<l<400nm和柱Acquity UPLC CSH C181.7μm,尺寸2.1x30mm,流动相H2O+0,1%HCO2H/CH3CN+0,1%HCO2H获得。
化合物(c).(3S)-3-[4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷-2基)苯氧基]吡咯烷-1-甲酸叔丁酯
在氩气下向4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷-2-基)苯酚(82.7g,364.51mmol)在THF(2L)中的溶液中添加(R)-1-N-Boc-3-羟基吡咯烷(b)(84.43g,437.41mmol),接着添加N,N,N',N'-四甲基偶氮二甲酰胺(99.1g,546.77mmol)。澄清的反应混合物变为橙色,并且添加三苯基膦(143.41g,546.77mmol)。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌24小时,同时形成三苯基氧化膦沉淀物(Ph3P=O)。将反应混合物倒入水(1.5L)中并且用乙酸乙酯(AcOEt)(3x1.5L)萃取。将收集的有机相经硫酸镁干燥(MgSO4),过滤并且在减压下浓缩。将残余物溶于二异丙基醚(1.5L)中,并且将所形成的固体(Ph3P=O)过滤。在减压下浓缩溶剂,并且将残余物通过柱色谱法用庚烷与AcOEt(90/10;v/v)的混合物洗脱进行纯化以给出145g(100%)呈无色油状物的(3S)-3-[4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷-2-基)苯氧基]吡咯烷-1-甲酸叔丁酯(c)。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6,δppm):1.27(s,12H);1.39(s,9H);2.05(m,1H);2.14(m,1H);3.37(3H);3,55(m,1H);5.05(s,1H);6.94(d,J=8.4Hz,2H);7.61(d,J=8.4Hz,2H)。
化合物(d).(3S)-3-[4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷-2基)苯氧基]吡咯烷,盐酸盐
向(S)-叔丁基3-(4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷-2-基)苯氧基)吡咯烷-1-甲酸酯(c)(80g,195.23mmol)在MeOH(450ml)中的溶液中缓慢添加在二噁烷中的HCl 4N(250ml)。
1.5小时后,将反应混合物在减压下浓缩,并且将残余物在搅拌下溶于Et2O中以给出固体,然后将所述固体过滤,并且在真空下干燥以得到呈白色粉末的化合物(d)61.8g(95%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6,δppm):1.28(s:12H);2.10(m:1H);2.21(m:1H);3.31(3H);3.48(m,:1H);5.19(m:1H);6.97(d,J=8.4Hz:2H);7.63(d,J=8.4Hz:2H);9.48(s:1H);9.71(s:1H)。
LC/MS(m/z,MH+):290
试剂(1).(3S)-1-(3-氟丙基)-3-[4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷-2-基)苯氧基]吡咯烷
在氩气下向(S)-3-(4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷-2-基)苯氧基)吡咯烷盐酸盐(d)(20g,61.42mmol)在乙腈(100ml)中的悬浮液中添加K2CO3(21.22g,153.54mmol)和1-碘-3-氟丙烷(12.15g,61.42mmol)。将反应混合物在40℃下搅拌24小时。冷却至室温后,将反应混合物过滤并且用乙腈洗涤。将滤液在减压下浓缩,并且将残余物溶于DCM中,并且将所形成的固体过滤并且用DCM洗涤。将滤液浓缩以给出呈黄色泡沫的试剂(1)21.5g(100%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6,δppm):1.27(s,12H);1.77(m,2H);1.84(m,1H);2.27(m,1H);2.41(m,1H);2.49(2H);2.62(dd,J=2,6和10,4Hz,1H);2.69(m,1H);2.83(dd,J=6.2和1.4Hz,1H);4.47(td,J=6.2和47Hz,2H);4.99(m,1H);6.77(d,J=8.4Hz,2H);7.58(d,J=8.4Hz,2H)。
LC/MS(m/z,MH+):350
实施例2:从羧基甲氧基-苯并环庚酮(5)合成化合物(2)
中间体和最终化合物(2)、(3')、(4)和(5)的编号参考前面描述的方案2。
在第一步骤S1中,将化合物(5)(羧基甲氧基苯并环庚酮)的5-氧代-6,7,8,9-四氢苯并[7]轮烯核通过在回流甲苯中并且在碳酸钾的存在下钯催化的1-溴-2,4-二氯-苯的偶联而在6位芳基化,以在硅胶过滤后得到作为Me-THF溶液分离的2,4-二氯苯基前体(4)。
在第二步骤S2中,在催化性DBU和过量氢化钠的存在下使粗的化合物(4)的Me-THF溶液与N-苯基-双-三氟甲磺酰亚胺反应。水洗和溶剂交换成乙腈后,通过结晶分离出呈白色固体的所希望的三氟甲磺酰化的化合物(3')。
在第三步骤S3中,通过在40℃±3℃下在乙腈/水混合物中使用碳酸铯作为碱进行的钯催化的铃木反应而将环状烯醇三氟甲磺酸酯(3')与如早前所述的手性硼酸酯“试剂(1)”偶联。在水性后处理和与乙酸异丙酯的溶剂交换后,通过顺序的乙二胺、炭和二巯基三嗪接枝的二氧化硅处理除去残留的钯。通过在乙酸异丙酯中结晶来分离粗的化合物(2)的草酸盐。
以下详细方案说明了这些步骤。
在300或400MHz Bruker Avance光谱仪上进行1H NMR光谱,其中在303K的温度下在参考溶剂二甲基亚砜-d6(dDMSO-d6)中的化学位移(δ,以ppm计)为2.50ppm。耦合常数(J)以赫兹给出。
液相色谱/质谱(LC/MS)数据在UPLC-SQD Waters仪器、蒸发性光散射检测器Sedere和SQD Waters质谱仪上使用UV检测DAD 210<l<400nm和柱Acquity UPLC CSH C181.7μm,尺寸2.1x50mm,流动相H2O+0,1%HCO2H/CH3CN+0,1%HCO2H获得。
2.1:串联的步骤S1和S2
将5-氧代-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并[7]轮烯-2-甲酸甲酯(5)(40g)、碳酸钾(K2CO3,40至101g,即1.5至4当量)、溴-二氯苯(62.1g)、Xantphos(21.2g)和Pd2dba3(8.39g)的脱气混合物在甲苯(320ml)中在氮气下并且在剧烈搅拌下回流直至完成。
冷却至室温后,通过在二氧化硅垫(80g)上过滤除去不溶物质,然后用甲苯(600ml)洗涤过滤器。从滤液中蒸馏出甲苯,并且与Me-THF交换以得到α-芳基化产物(4)(6-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-氧代-6,7,8,9-四氢苯并[7]轮烯-2-甲酸甲酯)在MeTHF(400ml)中的溶液,其按原样用于下一步骤。
通过等分试样的硅胶色谱法(洗脱液:二氯甲烷-庚烷)分离纯产物(4)的样品。
分离的化合物(4)的1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6,以ppm计):1.77(m,1H)2.00(m,1H);2.18(m,2H);3.08(m,1H);3.20(m,1H);3.89(s,3H);4.46(dd,J=11.3,3.7Hz,1H);7.46(m,2H);7.59(d,J=2.0Hz,1H);7.64(d,J=7.9Hz,1H);7.91(dd,J=8.0,1.4Hz,1H);7.94(s,1H)。
LC/MS([M+H]+):363
向在步骤S1中获得的化合物(4)的Me-THF溶液(规模:40g化合物(4))中添加N,N-双(三氟甲基磺酰基)苯胺(80g)。在搅拌下,将所得溶液在0℃下逐滴添加到含有DBU(5ml)的NaH(10g-在油中的60%分散体)的Me-THF(200ml)悬浮液中。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌直至完成。
冷却至0℃后,逐滴添加乙酸(4ml),然后逐滴添加水(400ml)。在室温下分离水相,并且将有机相用稀释的氯化钠水溶液(NaCl,0.6M;3x 400ml)洗涤。蒸馏出Me-THF并且与乙腈交换。通过在热乙腈中过滤除去不溶物质后,将化合物(3')(6-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-(三氟甲基磺酰基氧基)-8,9-二氢-7H-苯并[7]轮烯-2-甲酸甲酯)在250ml乙腈中结晶,通过过滤分离并且用冷乙腈和庚烷洗涤以得到61.2g呈白色固体的纯三氟甲磺酸酯。
产率:67.4%(在2步骤S1和S2中)。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6,以ppm计):2.18(m,2H);2.41(m,2H);2.95(m,2H);3.90(s,3H);7.55(m,2H);7.68(d,J=8Hz,1H);7.80(d,J=1.8Hz,1H)8.01(m,2H)。
LC/MS(EI m/z):494+
化合物(3')的纯度:通过HPLC测量为99.0%:
.流动相:水/乙腈/HCOOH;
.固定相:XSelect CSH C18-3.5μm(Waters)或等同物;
.柱长:100mm;
.柱内径:4.6mm;
.流速:1mL/分钟;
.注射体积:10μL;
.检测:254nm(UV)。
2.2:步骤S3
将三氟甲磺酸酯(3')(20g)、硼酸酯“试剂(1)”(14.1g)、Cs2CO3(19.7g)、双(三苯基膦)二氯化钯(II)(1.4g)、水(100ml)和乙腈(260ml)的脱气混合物在氮气下在40℃下搅拌。完全转化后,将反应介质冷却至室温,添加乙酸异丙酯(100ml)并且分离水相。将有机相用稀释的NaCl水溶液(0.3M;2x200ml)洗涤,通过乙酸异丙酯的共沸蒸馏干燥,并且随后用乙二胺、炭和二巯基三嗪接枝的二氧化硅处理以除去残留的钯。
将所得的化合物(2)(即6-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-{4-[1-(3-氟-丙基)-吡咯烷-3-基氧基]-苯基}-8,9-二氢-7H-苯并环庚烯-2-甲酸甲酯)在乙酸异丙酯中的溶液(调节至200ml)加热至70℃,并且在搅拌下逐滴添加在乙酸异丙酯(43ml)中的草酸(3.6g)溶液。引晶(使用先前通过常规结晶技术在另一批产品中制备的种晶)并且冷却至0℃后,使下面所绘示的所希望的化合物(2)的草酸盐结晶并且通过过滤分离,产率为70%(18.6g,白色粉末):
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6,以ppm计):7.92(d,J=2.0Hz,1H);7.78(dd,J=8.0和2.0Hz,1H);7.59(d,J=2.2Hz,1H);7.29(dd,J=8.3和2.2Hz,1H);7.22(d,J=8.3Hz,1H);6.90(d,J=8.0Hz,1H);6.78(d,J=9.0Hz,2H);6.73(d,J=9.0Hz,2H);4.98(m,1H);4.50(dt,J=47.2和5.7Hz,2H);3.86(s,3H);3.49(dd,J=12.8和5.8Hz,1H);从3.38至3.08(m,5H);2.94(t,J=5.0Hz,2H);2.34(m,1H);从2.23至2.11(m,3H);从2.07至1.93(m,2H)。
LC/MS([M+H]+):568
化合物(2)草酸盐的纯度:98.2%,通过HPLC在与如上在步骤S2中所述相同的条件下测量。
实施例3:步骤S1的替代方案
3.1:替代方案1
将叔丁醇钠的2M THF溶液(19.48ml)在60℃下逐滴添加到含有化合物(5)(5g)、1-溴-2,4-二氯苯(7.76g)、乙酸钯(257mg)、Xantphos(660mg)和THF(20ml)的脱气混合物中。将反应在60℃下加热直至完成,冷却至室温,用KH2PO4摩尔水溶液淬灭。在乙酸乙酯萃取、水洗涤和通过硅胶色谱法纯化后,分离出化合物(4),产率为70%并且纯度为92%。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6,以ppm计):1.78(m,1H);2.01(m,1H);2.19(m,2H);3.10(m,1H);3.22(m,1H);3.89(s,3H);4.47(dd,J=11.3,3.6Hz,1H);7.47(m,2H);7.61(d,J=1.8Hz,1H);7.65(d,J=7.9Hz,1H);7.92(d,J=7.7Hz,1H);7.95(s,1H)。
LC/MS([M+H]+):363
3.2:替代方案2
将含有化合物(5)(0.5g)、1-碘-2,4-二氯苯(0.76ml)、甲苯(9ml)、水(1ml)、Cs2CO3(1.05g)、乙酸钯(50mg)和Xantphos(250mg)的脱气混合物在约22小时内加热至回流。冷却至室温后,将有机相用二氯甲烷稀释,用水洗涤并且通过硅胶色谱法纯化以得到730mg(87%)白色固体。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6,以ppm计):1.78(m,1H);2.01(m,1H);2.19(m,2H);3.09(m,1H);3.21(m,1H);3.89(s,3H);4.47(dd,J=11.3,3.7Hz,1H);7.47(m,2H);7.60(d,J=2.0Hz,1H);7.64(d,J=8.1Hz,1H);7.92(dd,J=7.9,1.5Hz,1H);7.95(s,1H)。
实施例4:步骤S2的替代方案
3.1:替代方案1
在-50℃下,将双-三甲基甲硅烷基氨基钾的0.5M THF溶液(7.70ml)逐滴添加到化合物(4)(1g)和N-苯基双-三氟甲磺酰亚胺(1.22g)在THF(18ml)中的混合物中。温热至室温后,将反应介质用0℃-5℃的水淬灭,用二氯甲烷萃取,然后用乙酸乙酯萃取,并且通过硅胶色谱法(洗脱液:二氯甲烷-庚烷)纯化以得到所希望的化合物(3'),通过LC/MS测量,产率为80%并且纯度为90%。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6,以ppm计):2.18(m,2H);2.41(m,2H);2.95(m,2H);3.89(s,3H);7.55(m,2H);7.68(d,J=8.1Hz,1H);7.80(d,J=1.7Hz,1H);8.01(m,2H)。
LC/MS([M+H]+):494
3.2:替代方案2
将DBU(247μl)在0℃-5℃下逐滴添加到含有在乙腈(2ml)中的化合物(4)(500mg)和N,N-双(三氟甲基磺酰基)苯胺(639mg)的悬浮液中。在室温下搅拌22小时后,转化率为约80%。将反应混合物冷却至0℃-5℃并且添加氢化钠(27.5mg,在油中的60%分散体)。在室温下搅拌1.5小时后,转化率为约100%。将所得悬浮液冷却至0℃-5℃,过滤并且用预冷却的乙腈(0.5ml)洗涤,然后用水(2ml)洗涤以得到460mg呈白色粉末的化合物(3')(产率:67.5%),通过LC/MS测量的纯度为98%。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6,以ppm计):2.18(m,2H);2.42(m,2H);2.95(m,2H);3.90(s,3H);7.55(m,2H);7.68(d,J=7.9Hz,1H);7.82(s,1H);8.02(m,2H)。
如以上实施例所示,本文提供的化合物(2)的新合成方法允许从化合物(5)到化合物(2)的总产率为约33%-49%。这比在如方案3中所阐述的先前描述的合成方法中发现的产率更高,在所述先前描述的合成方法中当从相同的化合物5-氧代-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并[7]轮烯-2-甲酸甲酯开始时获得化合物(2)的产率为约26%。
此外,本文提供的新合成方法允许以良好的产率获得化合物(2),而无需在铃木偶联步骤之后进行柱色谱法,这在先前已知的合成路线中是需要的,但在寻求在工业水平上可适用的合成路线时这是不适当的。
Claims (21)
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述有机硼试剂是(3S)-1-(3-氟丙基)-3-[4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷-2-基)苯氧基]吡咯烷、相应的酸或其盐。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法,其中所述铃木偶联在钯络合物的存在下进行。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其中所述钯络合物是双(三苯基膦)二氯化钯(II)。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法,其中所述铃木偶联在双(三苯基膦)二氯化钯(II)和碳酸铯的存在下在有机溶剂中进行。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法,其中化合物(3)中的离去基团LG表示三氟甲磺酸酯基团。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法,其中通过在所述铃木偶联后进行成盐反应而制备呈草酸盐形式的化合物(2)。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其中使用草酸在乙酸异丙酯中获得所述化合物(2)的草酸盐。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法,其中将氢化钠用作强碱并且将DBU用作催化剂。
13.根据权利要求11或12所述的方法,其中将N-苯基双三氟甲磺酰亚胺用作三氟甲磺酰化试剂,在作为有机溶剂的Me-THF中。
14.根据权利要求10至13中任一项所述的方法,其中化合物(4)通过用1-LG'-2,4-二氯苯对5-氧代-6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并[7]轮烯-2-甲酸甲酯进行α-芳基化而获得,其中LG'表示离去基团。
15.根据权利要求14所述的方法,其中所述离去基团LG'是选自溴或碘的卤素原子。
16.根据权利要求14或15所述的方法,其中所述α-芳基化在有机溶剂中在作为催化剂的钯衍生物、配体和矿物碱的存在下进行。
17.根据权利要求16所述的方法,其中所述钯衍生物是Pd(OAc)2或Pd2dba3。
18.根据权利要求16或17所述的方法,其中所述矿物碱是K2CO3、K3PO4、Cs2CO3或tBuONa。
19.根据权利要求16至18中任一项所述的方法,其中所述α-芳基化在甲苯中在作为催化剂的Pd2dba3和作为配体的4,5-双(二苯基膦基)-9,9-二甲基呫吨的存在下进行。
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