CN112568438A - 预防缓解肠道糖醇不耐受的甜味液及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

预防缓解肠道糖醇不耐受的甜味液及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN112568438A
CN112568438A CN202011419420.5A CN202011419420A CN112568438A CN 112568438 A CN112568438 A CN 112568438A CN 202011419420 A CN202011419420 A CN 202011419420A CN 112568438 A CN112568438 A CN 112568438A
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sweet taste
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low
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左齐乐
韩菲菲
朱炫
程新平
李勉
石丽华
张文瑶
王圆
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Zhejiang Huakang Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种预防缓解肠道糖醇不耐受的甜味液,该甜味液每100ml中包括0.01~0.04g的低酯化果胶、0.01g~0.1g的κ‑型卡拉胶、0.01g~0.3g的槐豆胶、30g~60g的木糖醇、5g~15g的麦芽糖醇和1g~10g的山梨糖醇,余量为水,其中,所述低酯化果胶为果胶浓缩液,在所述果胶浓缩液中包括按重量分数计的15份柠檬酸钙、60份低分子量果胶、85份乙二醇、5份羧甲基纤维素钠和30份柠檬酸钠,所述低分子量果胶包括低糖水果汁和柠檬汁;该甜味液的pH5~6.5,其粘度为0.1~25mPa·S。本发明还公开该甜味液的制备方法和应用。本发明减少因过量食用糖醇而导致的腹泻情况,提升糖醇在产品应用中的安全性与实用性。

Description

预防缓解肠道糖醇不耐受的甜味液及其制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明属于糖醇应用技术领域,特别涉及一种预防缓解肠道糖醇不耐受的甜味液及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
糖醇类甜味剂目前广泛应用于食品工业中,是一种典型的功能性食品添加剂,它的主要品种有山梨糖醇、木糖醇、甘露糖醇、赤藓糖醇等。但是由于木糖醇、山梨醇、甘露糖等这类物质具有高渗透性的特性,当大量的进食后,这些高渗性物质本身的渗透效应阻碍了肠壁对水和电解质的重吸收,导致肠腔中有过量的未被吸收的水溶性溶质,造成渗透性腹泻的发生,此为糖醇不耐受现象。公开号为CN109493974A的专利公开了一种计算人体对糖醇及功能糖耐受量的方法,其中阐述了木糖醇存在高含量摄入会导致腹泻的问题。
当产品中的糖醇总含量大于30g时即高糖产品,食用此产品容易产生腹泻问题即发生糖醇不耐受现象。通常在代糖产品开发中,为了避免肠道糖醇不耐受的发生,会选择高倍甜味剂来增加甜度,而减少糖醇的使用量。如公开号为CN111436495A的专利中公开了一种用于减脂瘦身奶昔固体饮料及其制备方法,其中木糖醇的添加量仅1.3%左右,而更多的甜度是由三氯蔗糖等高倍甜味剂来提供,总的木糖醇添加量远远不足30g。这也是行业内为了避免过高木糖醇添加导致腹泻情况发生的常规规避手段。
在公开号为CN107616984A的专利公开了一种抗腹泻的经肠营养组合物,其中提出了一种减少腹泻发生液体肠内组合物,组合物中包括低酯化度果胶以及一些益生菌或糖醇等物质。该肠内营养组合物可以改善胃肠道不良反应,但其对于果胶的要求较高,需要酯化度在5%~30%之间且粘均分子量为10000~150000之间的果胶,且单一果胶达到其特定粘度要求用量也较多。公开号为CN110495609A的专利公开了一种等渗大豆肽凝胶制品及其制备方法,该制品适用于对渗透压敏感人群或吞咽困难人群补充蛋白质,其通过一些食品胶体作为凝胶材料来达到等渗性质的蛋白质补充制品,但其中所添加糖醇仅作为矫味剂,且制品主要作用为蛋白质补充。
想要将糖醇更广泛的应用在食品添加剂尤其是甜味剂领域,现有技术有待改进和提高。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于,提供一种预防缓解肠道糖醇不耐受的甜味液及其制备方法和应用,通过几种食品胶体的复配,利用食品胶体的直接特性(亲水性)以及协同效应,可以在减少食品胶用量的前提下通过食品胶体系与糖醇组合减缓糖醇在胃肠道的推进时间、平衡糖醇的高渗透性,缓解高含量糖醇所带来的腹泻问题,来起到预防缓解肠道因过量食用糖醇而导致腹泻的技术问题。
本发明是这样实现的,提供一种预防缓解肠道糖醇不耐受的甜味液,该甜味液每100ml中包括0.01~0.04g的低酯化果胶、0.01g~0.1g的κ-型卡拉胶、0.01g~0.3g的槐豆胶、30g~60g的木糖醇、5g~15g的麦芽糖醇和1g~10g的山梨糖醇,余量为水,其中,所述低酯化果胶为果胶浓缩液,在所述果胶浓缩液中包括按重量分数计的15份柠檬酸钙、60份低分子量果胶、85份乙二醇、5份羧甲基纤维素钠和30份柠檬酸钠,所述低分子量果胶包括低糖水果汁和柠檬汁;该甜味液的pH5~6.5,其粘度为0.1~25mPa·S。
本发明是这样实现的,还提供一种如前所述的预防缓解肠道糖醇不耐受的甜味液的制备方法,包括如下步骤:将低酯化果胶、κ-型卡拉胶、槐豆胶、木糖醇、麦芽糖醇和山梨糖醇溶解在水中,即得到该甜味液,其中,所述低酯化果胶通过如下步骤制得:
步骤一、将洗净的低糖水果置于密闭的干燥器中,向干燥器中通入体积分数为75%的二氧化碳,处理12h~18h,打浆获得柚子水果浆,向所得的低糖水果浆中加入pH1.5~2.0柠檬汁,随后在温度为85℃条件下连续水解抽提水果浆65min~80min,得到果胶抽提液,备用;
步骤二、将粒度为180目的活性炭与水按质量比为1∶5混合得到活性炭混合液,再向活性炭混合液中加入质量分数为80%的硝酸溶液,加热升温至100~110℃,蒸煮3h~3.5h,停止加热,自然降温至65℃,停止搅拌,继续降温至室温后得到酸煮活性炭液,备用;
步骤三、将步骤一制备的果胶抽提液用160目纱布粗滤后,将所得滤液置于高速离心机中以4500~5000r/min的转速进行离心处理,收集下层凝胶,随后向下层凝胶中加入步骤二制备的酸煮活性炭液进行搅拌脱色处理35min~60min,控制脱色处理温度为45℃,得到脱色果胶滤液;
步骤四、将上述脱色果胶滤液用硅藻土过滤后装于透析袋中,置于充满去离子水的脉动压力室中进行脉动压力处理10h,处理温度4℃,一个脉动周期为200min,得到低分子量果胶;
步骤五、按重量分数计,将60份上述低分子量果胶与15份柠檬酸钙、85份乙二醇、5份羧甲基纤维素钠和30份柠檬酸钠混合置于密闭搅拌釜中,以550~600r/min的转速搅拌,加热升温至55~65℃,并向搅拌釜中通入氨气,再放入真空度为-0.1kPa的真空蒸发机中处理,得到果胶浓缩液即为低酯化果胶。
本发明是这样实现的,还提供一种如前所述的预防缓解肠道糖醇不耐受的甜味液的制备方法制备的甜味液的应用,包括该甜味液在食品中的应用。
与现有技术相比,本发明的预防缓解肠道糖醇不耐受的甜味液及其制备方法和应用,合成专门用于制备甜味剂的低酯化果胶,并将该低酯化果胶与另外几种食品胶体进行复配,利用食品胶体的直接特性即亲水性以及协同效应,可减少因过量食用糖醇而导致的腹泻情况(即糖醇不耐受现象),提升糖醇在产品应用中的安全性与实用性的有益效果。其应用在产品糖醇含量总体超过30g以上的高糖比例产品中,可在甜味与质构均有一定要求的产品中使用,特别是使用在果汁、蛋糕类食品中。在减少食品胶用量的前提下使用食品胶体系与糖醇组合减缓糖醇在胃肠道的推进时间和平衡糖醇的高渗透性,缓解高含量糖醇所带来的腹泻问题,最终达到预防缓解高糖醇含量甜味剂引起的糖醇不耐受现象的目的。
附图说明
图1为本发明的实施例1~4与对比例1~3制备的甜味液进行验证实验的SD大鼠腹泻率统计示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明所要解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
本发明预防缓解肠道糖醇不耐受的甜味液的较佳实施例,该甜味液每100ml中包括0.01~0.04g的低酯化果胶、0.01g~0.1g的κ-型卡拉胶、0.01g~0.3g的槐豆胶、30g~60g的木糖醇、5g~15g的麦芽糖醇和1g~10g的山梨糖醇,余量为水,其中,所述低酯化果胶为果胶浓缩液,在所述果胶浓缩液中包括按重量分数计的15份柠檬酸钙、60份低分子量果胶、85份乙二醇、5份羧甲基纤维素钠和30份柠檬酸钠,所述低分子量果胶包括低糖水果汁和柠檬汁;该甜味液的pH5~6.5,其粘度为0.1~25mPa·S。
本发明还公开一种如前所述的预防缓解肠道糖醇不耐受的甜味液的制备方法,包括如下步骤:将低酯化果胶、κ-型卡拉胶、槐豆胶、木糖醇、麦芽糖醇和山梨糖醇溶解在水中,即得到该甜味液。其中,所述低酯化果胶通过如下步骤制得:
步骤一、将洗净的低糖水果置于密闭的干燥器中,向干燥器中通入体积分数为75%的二氧化碳,处理12h~18h,打浆获得柚子水果浆,向所得的低糖水果浆中加入pH1.5~2.0柠檬汁,随后在温度为85℃条件下连续水解抽提水果浆65min~80min,得到果胶抽提液,备用。
步骤二、将粒度为180目的活性炭与水按质量比为1∶5混合得到活性炭混合液,再向活性炭混合液中加入质量分数为80%的硝酸溶液,加热升温至100~110℃,蒸煮3h~3.5h,停止加热,自然降温至65℃,停止搅拌,继续降温至室温后得到酸煮活性炭液,备用。
步骤三、将步骤一制备的果胶抽提液用160目纱布粗滤后,将所得滤液置于高速离心机中以4500~5000r/min的转速进行离心处理,收集下层凝胶,随后向下层凝胶中加入步骤二制备的酸煮活性炭液进行搅拌脱色处理35min~60min,控制脱色处理温度为45℃,得到脱色果胶滤液。
步骤四、将上述脱色果胶滤液用硅藻土过滤后装于透析袋中,置于充满去离子水的脉动压力室中进行脉动压力处理10h,处理温度4℃,一个脉动周期为200min,得到低分子量果胶。
步骤五、按重量分数计,将60份上述低分子量果胶与15份柠檬酸钙、85份乙二醇、5份羧甲基纤维素钠和30份柠檬酸钠混合置于密闭搅拌釜中,以550~600r/min的转速搅拌,加热升温至55~65℃,并向搅拌釜中通入氨气,再放入真空度为-0.1kPa的真空蒸发机中处理,得到果胶浓缩液即为低酯化果胶。
在步骤一中,所述低糖水果包括柚子、樱桃和番石榴中至少一种。
下面结合具体实施例进一步说明本发明的预防缓解肠道糖醇不耐受的甜味液的制备方法。
实施例1
本发明的预防缓解肠道糖醇不耐受的甜味液的制备方法的第一种实施例,在该实施例中,该甜味液每100ml中含0.02g的低酯化果胶、0.05g的κ-型卡拉胶、0.2g的槐豆胶、30g的木糖醇、10g的麦芽糖醇和5g的山梨糖醇,适量水补足至100ml。
实施例2
本发明的预防缓解肠道糖醇不耐受的甜味液的制备方法的第二种实施例,在该实施例中,该甜味液每100ml中含0.02g的低酯化果胶、0.05g的κ-型卡拉胶、0.2g的槐豆胶、40g的木糖醇、10g的麦芽糖醇和5g的山梨糖醇,适量水补足至100ml。
实施例3
本发明的预防缓解肠道糖醇不耐受的甜味液的制备方法的第三种实施例,在该实施例中,该甜味液每100ml中含0.02g的低酯化果胶、0.05g的κ-型卡拉胶、0.2g的槐豆胶、50g的木糖醇、10g的麦芽糖醇和5g的山梨糖醇,适量水补足至100ml。
实施例4
本发明的预防缓解肠道糖醇不耐受的甜味液的制备方法的第四种实施例,在该实施例中,该甜味液每100ml中含0.02g的低酯化果胶、0.05g的κ-型卡拉胶、0.2g的槐豆胶、60g的木糖醇、10g的麦芽糖醇和5g的山梨糖醇,适量水补足至100ml。
对比例1
在该对比例中,在制备的甜味液中,每100ml含0.02g的低酯化果胶、0.05g的κ-型卡拉胶和0.2g槐豆胶,适量水补足至100ml,不含木糖醇、麦芽糖醇和山梨糖醇。
对比例2
在该对比例中,在制备的甜味液中,每100ml含30g木糖醇,10g麦芽糖醇,5g山梨糖醇,适量水补足至100ml,不含低酯化果胶、κ-型卡拉胶和槐豆胶。
对比例3
在该对比例中,在制备的甜味液中,每100ml含60g木糖醇,10g麦芽糖醇,5g山梨糖醇,适量水补足至100ml,不含低酯化果胶、κ-型卡拉胶和槐豆胶。其木糖醇含量高于对比例2。
将实施例1~实施例4以及对比例1~对比例3的组分进行列表,得到表1。
表1、实施例1~实施例4以及对比例1~对比例3的组分表
Figure BDA0002821628710000051
将以上实施例1~实施例4、对比例1~对比例3制备的甜味液进行以下对照实验来验证其效果。
验证实验方法包括如下步骤:
1)6~8周龄以上SD雄性大鼠适应性喂养1周后,根据体重均匀分为7组,每组10只,共70只。
2)每天9:00am,按照人和大鼠的体表面积换算公式对7组大鼠分别灌胃,然后自由饮水、喂食。
3)根据体重灌胃对应剂量试剂后,观察并记录各组大鼠腹泻情况,记录时间为灌胃后4~8小时两次,如早上9:00灌胃,下午13:30、16:30观察两次,通过观察大鼠肛门口、底托或尾部牵拉促进排泄等方式判断是否腹泻,并计算各组腹泻大鼠概率,得到如下表2所示的实验结果和如图1所示的实验对照图。
表2、验证实验结果(各组SD大鼠腹泻率统计)
Figure BDA0002821628710000061
由表2和附图1可知,对比例1制备的甜味液不会造成大鼠腹泻的情况,在实施例1~实施例4中,随着木糖醇的用量比例从30g逐渐增加到60g时,相对应的SD大鼠的腹泻率随着木糖醇用量的增加而上升,但在同样用量的糖醇复配用量之下,如实施例1与对比例2、实施例4与对比例3,因其甜味液中添加了一定量的低酯化果胶、κ-型卡拉胶与槐豆胶混合物,相应地使得大鼠的腹泻率均有所降低,分别由45%降至5%、90%降至60%。说明该甜味液能在一定配比的食品胶与糖醇组合物,通过减缓糖醇在胃肠道的推进时间或通过平衡糖醇的高渗透性来起到预防缓解高含量糖醇所带来的腹泻问题,提高了大鼠对高含量糖醇混合物耐受能力的作用,提升了糖醇类甜味剂在产品应用中的安全性与实用性。
实施例5
本发明的预防缓解肠道糖醇不耐受的甜味液的制备方法的第五种实施例,在该实施例中,该甜味液每100ml中含0.01g的低酯化果胶、0.01g的κ-型卡拉胶、0.01g的槐豆胶、60g的木糖醇、5g的麦芽糖醇和1g的山梨糖醇,适量水补足至100ml。
实施例6
本发明的预防缓解肠道糖醇不耐受的甜味液的制备方法的第六种实施例,在该实施例中,该甜味液每100ml中含0.04g的低酯化果胶、0.1g的κ-型卡拉胶、0.3g的槐豆胶、40g的木糖醇、15g的麦芽糖醇和10g的山梨糖醇,适量水补足至100ml。
本发明还公开一种如前所述的预防缓解肠道糖醇不耐受的甜味液的制备方法制备的甜味液的应用,包括该甜味液在饮料或粥类食品或果酱类食品中的应用。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种预防缓解肠道糖醇不耐受的甜味液,其特征在于,该甜味液每100ml中包括0.01~0.04g的低酯化果胶、0.01g~0.1g的κ-型卡拉胶、0.01g~0.3g的槐豆胶、30g~60g的木糖醇、5g~15g的麦芽糖醇和1g~10g的山梨糖醇,余量为水,其中,所述低酯化果胶为果胶浓缩液,在所述果胶浓缩液中包括按重量分数计的15份柠檬酸钙、60份低分子量果胶、85份乙二醇、5份羧甲基纤维素钠和30份柠檬酸钠,所述低分子量果胶包括低糖水果汁和柠檬汁;该甜味液的pH5~6.5,其粘度为0.1~25mPa·S。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的预防缓解肠道糖醇不耐受的甜味液的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:将低酯化果胶、κ-型卡拉胶、槐豆胶、木糖醇、麦芽糖醇和山梨糖醇溶解在水中,即得到该甜味液,其中,所述低酯化果胶通过如下步骤制得:
步骤一、将洗净的低糖水果置于密闭的干燥器中,向干燥器中通入体积分数为75%的二氧化碳,处理12h~18h,打浆获得柚子水果浆,向所得的低糖水果浆中加入pH1.5~2.0柠檬汁,随后在温度为85℃条件下连续水解抽提水果浆65min~80min,得到果胶抽提液,备用;
步骤二、将粒度为180目的活性炭与水按质量比为1∶5混合得到活性炭混合液,再向活性炭混合液中加入质量分数为80%的硝酸溶液,加热升温至100~110℃,蒸煮3h~3.5h,停止加热,自然降温至65℃,停止搅拌,继续降温至室温后得到酸煮活性炭液,备用;
步骤三、将步骤一制备的果胶抽提液用160目纱布粗滤后,将所得滤液置于高速离心机中以4500~5000r/min的转速进行离心处理,收集下层凝胶,随后向下层凝胶中加入步骤二制备的酸煮活性炭液进行搅拌脱色处理35min~60min,控制脱色处理温度为45℃,得到脱色果胶滤液;
步骤四、将上述脱色果胶滤液用硅藻土过滤后装于透析袋中,置于充满去离子水的脉动压力室中进行脉动压力处理10h,处理温度4℃,一个脉动周期为200min,得到低分子量果胶;
步骤五、按重量分数计,将60份上述低分子量果胶与15份柠檬酸钙、85份乙二醇、5份羧甲基纤维素钠和30份柠檬酸钠混合置于密闭搅拌釜中,以550~600r/min的转速搅拌,加热升温至55~65℃,并向搅拌釜中通入氨气,再放入真空度为-0.1kPa的真空蒸发机中处理,得到果胶浓缩液即为低酯化果胶。
3.如权利要求2所述的预防缓解肠道糖醇不耐受的甜味液的制备方法,其特征在于,在步骤一中,所述低糖水果包括柚子、樱桃和番石榴中至少一种。
4.如权利要求2所述的预防缓解肠道糖醇不耐受的甜味液的制备方法,其特征在于,该甜味液每100ml中含0.02g的低酯化果胶、0.05g的κ-型卡拉胶、0.2g的槐豆胶、30g的木糖醇、10g的麦芽糖醇和5g的山梨糖醇,适量水补足至100ml。
5.如权利要求2所述的预防缓解肠道糖醇不耐受的甜味液的制备方法,其特征在于,该甜味液每100ml中含0.02g的低酯化果胶、0.05g的κ-型卡拉胶、0.2g的槐豆胶、40g的木糖醇、10g的麦芽糖醇和5g的山梨糖醇,适量水补足至100ml。
6.如权利要求2所述的预防缓解肠道糖醇不耐受的甜味液的制备方法,其特征在于,该甜味液每100ml中含0.02g的低酯化果胶、0.05g的κ-型卡拉胶、0.2g的槐豆胶、50g的木糖醇、10g的麦芽糖醇和5g的山梨糖醇,适量水补足至100ml。
7.如权利要求2所述的预防缓解肠道糖醇不耐受的甜味液的制备方法,其特征在于,该甜味液每100ml中含0.02g的低酯化果胶、0.05g的κ-型卡拉胶、0.2g的槐豆胶、60g的木糖醇、10g的麦芽糖醇和5g的山梨糖醇,适量水补足至100ml。
8.如权利要求2所述的预防缓解肠道糖醇不耐受的甜味液的制备方法,其特征在于,该甜味液每100ml中含0.01g的低酯化果胶、0.01g的κ-型卡拉胶、0.01g的槐豆胶、60g的木糖醇、5g的麦芽糖醇和1g的山梨糖醇,适量水补足至100ml。
9.如权利要求2所述的预防缓解肠道糖醇不耐受的甜味液的制备方法,其特征在于,该甜味液每100ml中含0.04g的低酯化果胶、0.1g的κ-型卡拉胶、0.3g的槐豆胶、40g的木糖醇、15g的麦芽糖醇和10g的山梨糖醇,适量水补足至100ml。
10.一种如权利要求2至9中任意一项所述的预防缓解肠道糖醇不耐受的甜味液的制备方法制备的甜味液的应用,其特征在于,包括该甜味液在食品中的应用。
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