CN112514155A - 带有燃料电池的电能量系统 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种包含燃料电池的电能量系统以及一种用于运行用于机动车的电能量系统的方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种包含燃料电池的电能量系统和一种用于运行用于机动车的电能量系统的方法。
背景技术
燃料电池车辆的能量系统通常除了燃料电池回路以外还包括HV蓄电池-回路(牵引回路),由HV蓄电池回路给HV负载、如例如一个或多个脉冲逆变器或与脉冲逆变器连接的电动马达和还有其他负载、如加热器或其他燃料电池辅助总成馈电。
由DE 10 2009 027 220 A1已知一种用于利用能量网络给用于机动车的电驱动装置供电的装置,所述能量网络与驱动装置连接,并且具有燃料电池单元和能量蓄存器,其中,燃料电池单元和能量蓄存器联结。在燃料电池单元与驱动装置之间布置有第一变流器,在能量蓄存器与驱动装置之间布置有第二变流器。
DE 20 2007 011 894 U1公开了一种组合式驱动总成,在该组合式驱动总成中,燃料电池和次级电压源经由共同的控制单元与驱动单元连接。
基于不同的研发重点,燃料电池系统和HV蓄电池通常分开研发并且相应地也安装在单独的壳体中。由此,不仅对于燃料电池系统而且对于HV蓄电池而言都存在有自己的接通和切断盒,即用于燃料电池系统的FCJB(Fuel Cell Junction Box,即燃料电池接线盒)和用于HV蓄电池的BJB(Batterie Junction Box,即蓄电池接线盒)。由此,在车辆中安装有两个类似的接通和切断盒。由此,产生附加的成本。此外,这两个接通和切断盒需要并非不显著的安装空间并且导致数千克的超出重量。
EP 1 632 004 A1描述了一种用于给流程设备中的现场仪器无线地供电的组件。在现场装置中,在壳体中集成有至少一个燃料电池以及电能量蓄存器。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供至少部分地排除所叙述的缺点的装置和方法。
根据本发明,该目的通过一种带有独立权利要求1的特征的能量系统和一种带有权利要求9的特征的方法来实现。由从属权利要求和说明书得到设计方案。
根据本发明,可通过将HV蓄电池和燃料电池系统集成到共同的单元中来利用共同的接通和切断单元(HVJB-High Voltage Junction Box,即高压接线盒)。
本发明的主题是一种用于车辆的能量系统,该能量系统包括至少一个燃料电池和至少一个HV蓄电池,所述至少一个燃料电池和所述至少一个HV蓄电池经由共同的接通和切断单元(高压接线盒–HVJB)与电流回路(牵引回路或中间回路)联结,所述电流回路给联接在该电流回路处的电负载供应以电能量。电负载例如是脉冲逆变器和联接在脉冲逆变器处的电动马达或另外的HV部件、如燃料电池的辅助总成、充电器、12V DC/DC变换器、HV加热器、电的空调压缩机等。
在能量系统的一种实施形式中,所述至少一个燃料电池和所述至少一个HV蓄电池布置在共同的壳体中。由此,在这两个能量源之间不需要外部的HV线路并且可利用共同的接通和切断单元(HVJB)。在另一种实施形式中,所述共同的接通和切断单元同样布置在共同的壳体中。但对于这两个HV能量源,部分集成或附装解决方案也是可行的。
在能量系统的一种实施形式中,所述共同的接通和切断单元包括至少一个机电的开关元件、尤其是接触器。
在能量系统的另一种实施形式中,所述共同的接通和切断单元包括至少一个半导体开关、例如至少一个IGBT或MOS-FET。
在能量系统的另一种实施形式中,所述共同的接通和切断单元包括至少一个爆燃式短接元件,其设定成用于在机动车发生事故时燃起并且将所述至少一个燃料电池和所述至少一个HV蓄电池与电流回路(牵引回路或中间回路)分离,所述至少一个燃料电池和所述至少一个HV蓄电池与所述电流回路联结。
在能量系统的另一种实施形式中,所述共同的接通和切断单元包括至少一个绝缘监控器。
根据本发明的能量系统提供如下优点:接通和切断盒的主部件(接触器、预充电装置、热断路器、绝缘监控器,电流-和电压测量装置等)不再必须双重地安装在车辆中,并且由此也被显著更好地利用。
根据本发明的能量系统的优点包括:节省重量和结构空间、构件数量减少和构件的更好的充分利用、系统复杂性降低、用于接通和切断盒的布线耗费和操控耗费减少以及用于能量系统的总成本下降。
本发明的另外的优点和设计方案由说明书和附图得出。
本发明的主题还是一种用于运行根据本发明的能量系统的方法。在此,经由共同的接通和切断单元将所述至少一个燃料电池和所述至少一个HV蓄电池与如下电流回路连接,电负载联接到所述电流回路处(牵引回路或中间回路)。
在所述方法的一种实施形式中,当在所述能量系统中出现临界过电压、短接或另外的临界状态或者当车辆遭受事故时,经由共同的接通和切断单元将所述至少一个燃料电池和所述至少一个HV蓄电池与电流回路分离。由此,避免由于高压飞弧造成的间接损害。
在另一种变型方案中,经由共同的接通和切断单元将所述至少一个燃料电池和所述至少一个HV蓄电池可逆地与牵引回路连接或与牵引回路分离。例如燃料电池和HV蓄电池可在车辆起动时,与牵引回路连接,并且在车辆关停时又分离,以便避免因高压引起的危险。
不言而喻的是,上面提及的和下面还要阐释的特征不仅能够以相应给出的组合来使用,而且能够以其他组合或单独使用,而不离开本发明的范围。
附图说明
依据附图中的实施形式示意性示出本发明,并且参考附图进一步描述本发明。其中:
图1示出现有技术的能量系统的示意图,其中联接有负载;
图2示出根据本发明的能量系统的一种实施形式的示意图,其中联接有负载。
具体实施方式
图1示出现有技术的能量系统的示意图,其中联接有负载15,16,17。能量系统10包括燃料电池11和HV蓄电池12作为能量源。所述燃料电池和HV蓄电池相应地经由相关联的接通和切断单元13,14与牵引回路连接,燃料电池11经由FCJB(燃料电池接线盒)13与牵引回路连接,而HV蓄电池12经由BJB(蓄电池接线盒)14与牵引回路连接。联接到牵引回路处的有脉冲逆变器15和电动马达16以及另外的HV部件17,如燃料电池的辅助总成、充电器、12VDC/DC变换器、HV加热器、电的空调压缩机等。
图2示出根据本发明的能量系统10的一种实施形式的示意图,其中联接有负载15,16,17。能量系统10包括燃料电池11和HV蓄电池12作为能量源,所述燃料电池和HV蓄电池集成到共同的壳体18中,在该壳体中也存在共同的接通和切断单元(HVJB)19。利用HVJB19可将BZ11和HV蓄电池12与牵引回路连接或与该牵引回路分离。联接到能量系统10的牵引回路处的有至少一个脉冲逆变器15和至少一个电动马达16以及另外的HV部件17、如燃料电池的辅助总成、充电器、12V DC/DC变换器、HV加热器、电的空调压缩机等。
附图标记列表:
10 能量系统
11 燃料电池(BZ)
12 HV蓄电池
13 BZ的接通和切断盒(FCJB)
14 HV蓄电池的接通和切断盒(BJB)
15 脉冲逆变器(PWR)
16 电动马达(EM)
17 另外的HV部件
18 壳体
19 共同的接通和切断盒(HVJB)
Claims (10)
1.一种用于车辆的能量系统(10),所述能量系统包括至少一个燃料电池(11)和至少一个HV蓄电池(12),所述至少一个燃料电池和至少一个HV蓄电池经由共同的接通和切断单元(19)与电流回路联结,所述电流回路给联接在该电流回路处的电负载(15,16,17)供应以电能量。
2.根据权利要求1所述的能量系统(10),其特征在于,所述至少一个燃料电池(11)和所述至少一个HV蓄电池(12)布置在共同的壳体(18)中。
3.根据权利要求2所述的能量系统(10),其特征在于,所述共同的接通和切断单元(19)同样布置在所述共同的壳体(18)中。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的能量系统(10),其特征在于,所述接通和切断单元(19)包括至少一个机电的开关元件、尤其是接触器。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的能量系统(10),其特征在于,所述接通和切断单元(19)包括至少一个半导体开关。
6.根据权利要求5所述的能量系统(10),其特征在于,所述接通和切断单元(19)包括至少一个IGBT或MOS-FET。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的能量系统(10),其特征在于,所述接通和切断单元(19)包括至少一个爆燃式短接元件,所述至少一个爆燃式短接元件设定成用于在机动车发生事故时燃起并且将所述至少一个燃料电池(11)和所述至少一个HV蓄电池(12)与所述电流回路分离,所述至少一个燃料电池和所述至少一个HV蓄电池与所述电流回路联结。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的能量系统(10),其特征在于,所述接通和切断单元(19)包括至少一个绝缘监控器。
9.一种用于运行根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的能量系统(10)的方法,其中,经由所述共同的接通和切断单元(19)将所述至少一个燃料电池(11)和所述至少一个HV蓄电池(12)与电流回路连接,电负载(15,16,17)联接到所述电流回路处。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法,其特征在于,当在所述能量系统(10)中出现临界过电压、短接或其他临界状态或者当所述车辆遭受事故时,经由所述共同的接通和切断单元(19)将所述至少一个燃料电池(11)和所述至少一个HV蓄电池(12)与所述电流回路分离。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102018211815.9A DE102018211815A1 (de) | 2018-07-17 | 2018-07-17 | Elektrisches Energiesystem mit Brennstoffzellen |
DE102018211815.9 | 2018-07-17 | ||
PCT/EP2019/060406 WO2020015875A1 (de) | 2018-07-17 | 2019-04-24 | Elektrisches energiesystem mit brennstoffzellen |
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CN112514155A true CN112514155A (zh) | 2021-03-16 |
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JP2006327251A (ja) * | 2005-05-23 | 2006-12-07 | Toyota Motor Corp | 電源回路開閉装置 |
JP2007188712A (ja) * | 2006-01-12 | 2007-07-26 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システムおよびそれを備えた電動車 |
DE202007011894U1 (de) | 2007-08-27 | 2007-12-20 | Antig Technology Corp. | Kombiniertes Antriebsaggregat |
DE102007050377A1 (de) * | 2007-10-22 | 2009-04-23 | Daimler Ag | Brennstoffzellensystem mit zumindest einer Brennstoffzelle |
DE102009000674A1 (de) * | 2009-02-06 | 2010-08-12 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Traktionsbatterie mit erhöhter Verfügbarkeit |
DE102009027220A1 (de) | 2009-06-26 | 2010-12-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Versorgung eines elektrischen Antriebes für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
AU2015264428B2 (en) * | 2014-05-18 | 2019-02-14 | Black & Decker Inc. | Power tool system |
JP6533694B2 (ja) * | 2015-05-19 | 2019-06-19 | 矢崎総業株式会社 | 電源装置 |
CN109155388A (zh) * | 2015-12-11 | 2019-01-04 | 加拿大蓝色解决方案有限公司 | 电池保护装置 |
DE102016012849A1 (de) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-04-27 | Daimler Ag | Batterie zum Anschließen an eine elektrische Anlage eines elektrisch antreibbaren Kraftfahrzeugs |
JP6500881B2 (ja) * | 2016-12-12 | 2019-04-17 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 駆動システムおよび車両 |
-
2018
- 2018-07-17 DE DE102018211815.9A patent/DE102018211815A1/de active Pending
-
2019
- 2019-04-24 WO PCT/EP2019/060406 patent/WO2020015875A1/de active Search and Examination
- 2019-04-24 EP EP19721568.4A patent/EP3782210B1/de active Active
- 2019-04-24 CN CN201980047504.XA patent/CN112514155A/zh active Pending
- 2019-04-24 US US17/260,968 patent/US20210328312A1/en active Pending
- 2019-04-24 JP JP2021500171A patent/JP2021530837A/ja active Pending
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US20210328312A1 (en) | 2021-10-21 |
JP2021530837A (ja) | 2021-11-11 |
WO2020015875A1 (de) | 2020-01-23 |
EP3782210B1 (de) | 2023-01-11 |
DE102018211815A1 (de) | 2020-01-23 |
EP3782210A1 (de) | 2021-02-24 |
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