CN112500909A - 一种环保型润滑油及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种环保型润滑油及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112500909A CN112500909A CN202011225434.3A CN202011225434A CN112500909A CN 112500909 A CN112500909 A CN 112500909A CN 202011225434 A CN202011225434 A CN 202011225434A CN 112500909 A CN112500909 A CN 112500909A
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- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000013556 antirust agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000006078 metal deactivator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Carbamate Chemical compound NC([O-])=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 alkyl thiadiazole Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 6
- QLOAVXSYZAJECW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;molecular fluorine Chemical compound C.FF QLOAVXSYZAJECW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003354 benzotriazolyl group Chemical class N1N=NC2=C1C=CC=C2* 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- VLCLHFYFMCKBRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricalcium;diborate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] VLCLHFYFMCKBRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052680 mordenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- OASXQMASFWOQMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ba].C1=CC=CC2=C(CCCCCCCCC)C(CCCCCCCCC)=CC=C21 Chemical compound [Ba].C1=CC=CC2=C(CCCCCCCCC)C(CCCCCCCCC)=CC=C21 OASXQMASFWOQMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- CJAYHOLRQJHSIP-NXVVXOECSA-N 2-[(z)-heptadec-2-enyl]-4,5-dihydro-1h-imidazole Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC\C=C/CC1=NCCN1 CJAYHOLRQJHSIP-NXVVXOECSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- HGJOFJDIHKHKAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethylthiirane Chemical compound CC1(C)CS1 HGJOFJDIHKHKAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TYAYZOBWLBPMLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-heptadec-1-enyl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=CC1=NC=CN1 TYAYZOBWLBPMLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YSIQDTZQRDDQNF-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium(2+);2,3-di(nonyl)naphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].C1=CC=C2C(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C(CCCCCCCCC)C(CCCCCCCCC)=CC2=C1.C1=CC=C2C(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C(CCCCCCCCC)C(CCCCCCCCC)=CC2=C1 YSIQDTZQRDDQNF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010722 industrial gear oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- PHTQWCKDNZKARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoamylol Chemical compound CC(C)CCO PHTQWCKDNZKARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000241 scar Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- DKCPKDPYUFEZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O DKCPKDPYUFEZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USIVOQPNOMFSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-O-(4,5-dihydroimidazol-1-yl) 1-O-heptadec-1-enyl butanedioate Chemical compound C(CCC(=O)ON1C=NCC1)(=O)OC=CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC USIVOQPNOMFSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JYFHYPJRHGVZDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibutyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(O)(=O)OCCCC JYFHYPJRHGVZDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- LVZUNTGFCXNQAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-nonyl-n-phenylaniline Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1N(CCCCCCCCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 LVZUNTGFCXNQAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002113 nanodiamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005375 organosiloxane group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
- C10M169/044—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
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- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
- C10M2201/042—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black halogenated, i.e. graphite fluoride
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- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/087—Boron oxides, acids or salts
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- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
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- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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- C10M2219/02—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种环保型润滑油及其制备方法，所述的环保型润滑油包括以下重量份组分：轻度硫化植物油74.2～90.2份，抗氧化剂1.3～5.6份，摩擦改进剂0.5～2.8份，抗氧防腐剂2.1～4.3份，极压抗磨剂2.4～5.3份，消泡剂0.3～1.8份，金属钝化剂2.0～3.8份，防锈剂1.2～2.2份。与现有技术相比，本发明具有优异的抗热稳定性和氧化安定性，且抗磨特性好，减摩性能明显，防钝化，防锈性好，耐腐蚀，环境友好，易生物降解。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及润滑油技术领域，具体涉及一种环保型润滑油及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着精密机械和自动化发展的步伐，人们对机械工具的要求也就越来越高，润滑油是用在各种类型汽车、机械设备上以减少摩擦，保护机械及加工件的液体或半固体润滑剂，主要起润滑、辅助冷却、防锈、清洁、密封和缓冲等作用。随着人们环保意识的提高，对机械工具的环境友好性要求更高，实用好的环境友好润滑油能够有利于保护环境。目前，润滑油的纷繁复杂，有的不能抗热稳定性和氧化安定性，有的会损害摩擦副，对环境有害等等，不能满足人们的现代生活需求。
发明专利CN107955676A公开了一种工程车辆用润滑油组合物，由以下组分按重量份数组成：基础油30～40份，甘油10～20份，多元醇酯合成油10～20份，异戊醇或甲醇2～5份，硅油2～5份，聚异丁烯5～10份，有机硅氧烷5～10份，硫化蓖麻油1～3份，改性纳米金刚石5～10份，胺类抗氧剂1～3份，磷酸二正丁脂1～3份，粘度指数改进剂1～3份，防腐防锈剂1～3份，抗磨损剂1～3份。该发明的有益指出在于：润滑油组合物的抗挤压性能好，可在大负荷下保持良好的润滑效果，提高了润滑油组合物的抗氧化性能、高温抗磨性能。但是，该发明使用少量硫化蓖麻油做添加剂，抗氧化安定性提高有限，基础油是润滑油的骨架，对润滑油的性能起决定作用，因此该发明只能有限提高润滑油的抗氧化性能、高温抗磨性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是为了克服上述现有技术存在的缺陷而提供一种环保型润滑油及其制备方法，具有优异的抗热稳定性和氧化安定性，且抗磨特性好，减摩性能明显，防钝化，防锈性好，耐腐蚀，环境友好，易生物降解。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案来实现：一种环保型润滑油，包括以下重量份组分：轻度硫化植物油74.2～90.2份，抗氧化剂1.3～5.6份，摩擦改进剂0.5～2.8份，抗氧防腐剂2.1～4.3份，极压抗磨剂2.4～5.3份，消泡剂0.3～1.8份，金属钝化剂2.0～3.8份，防锈剂1.2～2.2份。
进一步地，所述的轻度硫化植物油包括含硫1～3％的轻度硫化蓖麻油和含硫1～3％的轻度硫化菜籽油。所述的轻度硫化蓖麻油和轻度硫化菜籽油的重量比为1:1～1.32。轻度硫化植物油因为植物油中的双键在S元素的作用下发生聚合，使双键减少，饱和度增加，提高了热稳定性和氧化安定性，而且S元素本身就有增加热稳定性和氧化安定性的作用。
更进一步地，所述的含硫1～3％的轻度硫化蓖麻油通过以下方法制备得到：将反应温度控制在140～160℃，加入质量分数为1～3％的硫到蓖麻油中，即硫的质量为蓖麻油质量的1～3％，在丝光沸石催化剂的催化作用下，反应3～4h，优选为3.5h，得到含硫1～3％的轻度硫化蓖麻油。
所述的含硫1～3％的轻度硫化菜籽油通过以下方法制备得到：将反应温度控制在140～160℃，加入质量分数为1～3％的硫到菜籽油中，，即硫的质量为菜籽油质量的1～3％，在丝光沸石催化剂的催化作用下，反应2.5～3.5h，优选为3h，得到含硫1～3％的轻度硫化菜籽油。
所述的含硫1～3％的轻度硫化蓖麻油在D196N/30min条件下测定的磨斑直径(WSD)为0.32～0.35mm，摩擦系数(f)为0.076～0.086，最大无卡咬负荷(PB)为860～920N，按CEC L-33-T-93测试方法，测试得生物降解性为88～92％。
所述的含硫1～3％的轻度硫化菜籽油在D196N/30min条件下测定的磨斑直径(WSD)为0.55～0.58mm，摩擦系数(f)为0.072～0.084，最大无卡咬负荷(PB)为570～720N，按CEC L-33-T-93测试方法，测试得生物降解性为88～93％。
所述的抗氧化剂包括酚型抗氧剂、胺型抗氧剂。所述的酚型抗氧剂包括2,6-二叔丁基酚T501，胺型抗氧剂包括壬基二苯胺KT 5535，为高温抗氧剂。
所述的摩擦改进剂包括纳米氟化石墨、纳米硼酸钙或纳米膨化稀土。所述的纳米氟化石墨粒度为20～80nm，纳米硼酸钙型号为T362，粒度为5～85nm，纳米膨化稀土型号为TB-483，粒度为5～85nm。
所述的抗氧防腐剂包括二戊基氨基甲酸锌、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌。所述的二戊基氨基甲酸锌型号为POUPC，二烷基二硫代磷酸锌型号为T203。
所述的极压抗磨剂包括硫化异丁烯、磷酸三甲酚酯。所述的硫化异丁烯型号为T321，磷酸三甲酚酯型号为T306。
所述的消泡剂包括硅醚型聚合物T903、T911。
所述的金属钝化剂包括烷基噻二唑、苯三唑衍生物或杂环衍生物；所述的防锈剂包括十七烯基咪唑啉烯基丁二酸盐、二壬基奈磺酸钡或N-油酰肌氨酸-十八铵盐。所述的烷基噻二唑型号为LZL 561，苯三唑衍生物型号为T551，杂环衍生物型号为T553，十七烯基咪唑啉烯基丁二酸盐型号为T703，二壬基奈磺酸钡型号为T705。
本发明轻度硫化植物油中的硫和纳米氟化石墨的F-C膜沉积在摩擦副表面，现成自修复膜，再加上S极压反应膜，具有更好的减摩性能和更高的抗磨，使油品具有长寿命。
一种上述环保型润滑油的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)按重量份称取各组分；
(2)将轻度硫化植物油投入调合釜中，在60～63℃搅拌下，投入抗氧化剂、抗氧防腐剂、极压抗磨剂、金属钝化剂和防锈剂，搅拌均匀；
(3)然后投入摩擦改进剂和消泡剂，保持60～63℃继续搅拌1～2h；
(4)静置0.3～0.7h，即得环保型润滑油。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点：
1.本发明通过配方中轻度硫化蓖麻油和硫轻度硫化菜籽油中的硫、耐高温的抗氧防腐剂和抗氧化剂的复合作用，使本发明具有优良的抗热稳定性和氧化安定性，旋转氧弹法测得的氧化安定性可达5000h；
2.本发明配方中硫化蓖麻油和硫轻度硫化菜籽油中的硫、极压抗磨剂、抗氧防腐剂和摩擦改进剂复合作用，使产品抗磨特性好、减摩性能明显，最大无卡咬负荷(PB)达到1112～1253N；
3.本发明通过金属钝化剂、防锈剂和抗氧防腐剂的复合使用，使产品防钝化、防锈性好，且耐腐蚀；
4.本发明易生物降解，环境友好，采用轻度硫化植物油做基础油，轻度硫化蓖麻油和硫轻度硫化菜籽油的生物降解率高，对环境基本无污染，产品可达生物降解率达90％左右。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的实施例作详细说明，以下实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施，给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程，但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。
以下实施例所用的各种原料的规格及生产厂家信息如下表所示：
自制的轻度硫化植物油性能参数如下表所示：
实施例1
一种环保型润滑油，包括以下重量份组分：含硫2％的轻度硫化蓖麻油41.3份，含硫2％的轻度硫化菜籽油41.3份，酚型高效抗氧剂4.5份，极压抗磨剂硫化异丁烯(T321)4.2份，纳米氟化石墨2.2份，硅醚型聚合物(T911)0.8份，烷基噻二唑1.7份，十七烯基咪唑烯基丁二酸盐2.1份，二戊基氨基甲酸锌1.9份
其制备方法如下：
将含硫2％的轻度硫化蓖麻油41.3份，含硫2％的轻度硫化菜籽油41.3份，投入调合釜中，在60～63℃搅拌下，依次投入酚型高效抗氧剂4.5份，极压抗磨剂硫化异丁烯T3214.2份，烷基噻二唑1.7份，十七烯基咪唑烯基丁二酸盐2.1份，二戊基氨基甲酸锌1.9份，然后投入纳米氟化石墨2.2份，硅醚型聚合物(T911)0.8份，保持60～63℃继续搅拌1.5h，然后再静置0.5h，即得环保型润滑油。
实施例2
一种环保型润滑油，包括以下重量份组分：含硫3％的轻度硫化蓖麻油40.2份，含硫1％的轻度硫化菜籽油50份，胺型高效抗氧剂1.3份，磷酸三甲酚酯2.4份，纳米硼酸钙0.5份，硅醚型聚合物(T911)0.3份，苯三唑衍生物2.0份，二壬基奈磺酸钡1.2份，二戊基氨基甲酸锌2.1份。
将环保基础油含硫3％的轻度硫化蓖麻油40.2份，含硫1％的轻度硫化菜籽油50份，投入调合釜中，在60～63℃搅拌下，依次投入胺型高效抗氧剂1.3份，极压抗磨剂磷酸三甲酚酯2.4份，苯三唑衍生物2.0份，二壬基奈磺酸钡1.2份，二戊基氨基甲酸锌2.1份，然后投入纳米硼酸钙0.5份，硅醚型聚合物(T911)0.3份，保持60～63℃继续搅拌1.5h，然后再静置0.5h，即得环保型润滑油。
实施例3
一种环保型润滑油，包括以下重量份组分：含硫1％的轻度硫化蓖麻油32份，含硫1％的轻度硫化菜籽油42.2份，酚型抗氧剂2份，胺型高效抗氧剂3.6份，磷酸三甲酚酯2.4份，硫化异丁烯2.9份，纳米硼化稀土摩擦改进剂2.8份，醚型聚合物(T903)1.8份，杂环衍生物3.8份，N-油酰肌氨酸-十八铵盐2.2份，二烷基二硫代磷酸锌4.3份。
将环保基础油含硫1％的轻度硫化蓖麻油32份，含硫1％的轻度硫化菜籽油42.2份，投入调合釜中，在60～63℃搅拌下，依次投入酚型抗氧剂2份，胺型高效抗氧剂3.6份，磷酸三甲酚酯2.4份，硫化异丁烯2.9份，杂环衍生物3.8份，N-油酰肌氨酸-十八铵盐2.2份，二烷基二硫代磷酸锌4.3份。然后投入纳米硼化稀土摩擦改进剂2.8份，醚型聚合物(T903)1.8份，保持60～63℃继续搅拌1.5h，然后再静置0.5h，即得环保型润滑油。
实施例1～3所得环保型润滑油与对比例市售长城牌4408合成重负荷工业齿轮油(PAO型)润滑油性能参数对比如下表所示：
上述实施例1～3所得环保型润滑油与市售的长城牌4408合成重负荷工业齿轮油(PAO型)润滑油性能参数，除倾点一项外，其它性能都优于或等同于460#合成重负荷润滑油。
实施例4
一种环保型润滑油，包括以下重量份组分：轻度硫化植物油80份，抗氧化剂3份，摩擦改进剂1.5份，抗氧防腐剂3份，极压抗磨剂3份，消泡剂1份，金属钝化剂3份，防锈剂1.6份。其中，轻度硫化植物油包括含硫2％的轻度硫化蓖麻油40份和含硫2％的轻度硫化菜籽油40份。
其具体制备方法为：
(1)按重量份称取各组分；
(2)将轻度硫化植物油投入调合釜中，在60～63℃搅拌下，依次投入抗氧化剂、抗氧防腐剂、极压抗磨剂、金属钝化剂和防锈剂，搅拌均匀；
(3)然后投入摩擦改进剂和消泡剂，保持60～63℃继续搅拌1h；
(4)静置0.7h，即得环保型润滑油。
按CEC L-33-T-93测试方法，测试得该油品生物降解率为91.8％，旋转氧弹法测得环保型润滑油的氧化安定性为5086h。
实施例5
一种环保型润滑油，包括以下重量份组分：轻度硫化植物油80份，抗氧化剂3份，摩擦改进剂1.5份，抗氧防腐剂3份，极压抗磨剂3份，消泡剂1份，金属钝化剂3份，防锈剂1.6份。其中，轻度硫化植物油包括含硫2％的轻度硫化蓖麻油40份和含硫2％的轻度硫化菜籽油40份。
其具体制备方法为：
(1)按重量份称取各组分；
(2)将轻度硫化植物油投入调合釜中，在60～63℃搅拌下，依次投入抗氧化剂、抗氧防腐剂、极压抗磨剂、金属钝化剂和防锈剂，搅拌均匀；
(3)然后投入摩擦改进剂和消泡剂，保持60～63℃继续搅拌2h；
(4)静置0.3h，即得环保型润滑油。
按CEC L-33-T-93测试方法，测试得该油品生物降解率为91.3％，旋转氧弹法测得环保型润滑油的氧化安定性为5098h。
上述的对实施例的描述是为便于该技术领域的普通技术人员能理解和使用发明。熟悉本领域技术的人员显然可以容易地对这些实施例做出各种修改，并把在此说明的一般原理应用到其他实施例中而不必经过创造性的劳动。因此，本发明不限于上述实施例，本领域技术人员根据本发明的揭示，不脱离本发明范畴所做出的改进和修改都应该在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种环保型润滑油，其特征在于，包括以下重量份组分：轻度硫化植物油74.2～90.2份，抗氧化剂1.3～5.6份，摩擦改进剂0.5～2.8份，抗氧防腐剂2.1～4.3份，极压抗磨剂2.4～5.3份，消泡剂0.3～1.8份，金属钝化剂2.0～3.8份，防锈剂1.2～2.2份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的环保型润滑油，其特征在于，所述的轻度硫化植物油包括含硫1～3％的轻度硫化蓖麻油和含硫1～3％的轻度硫化菜籽油。
3.根据权利要求2所述的环保型润滑油，其特征在于，所述的含硫1～3％的轻度硫化蓖麻油通过以下方法制备得到：将反应温度控制在140～160℃，加入质量分数为1～3％的硫到蓖麻油中，在丝光沸石催化剂的催化作用下，反应3～4h，得到含硫1～3％的轻度硫化蓖麻油。
4.根据权利要求2所述的环保型润滑油，其特征在于，所述的含硫1～3％的轻度硫化菜籽油通过以下方法制备得到：将反应温度控制在140～160℃，加入质量分数为1～3％的硫到菜籽油中，在丝光沸石催化剂的催化作用下，反应2.5～3.5h，得到含硫1～3％的轻度硫化菜籽油。
5.根据权利要求1所述的环保型润滑油，其特征在于，所述的抗氧化剂包括酚型抗氧剂、胺型抗氧剂。
6.根据权利要求1所述的环保型润滑油，其特征在于，所述的摩擦改进剂包括纳米氟化石墨、纳米硼酸钙或纳米膨化稀土。
7.根据权利要求1所述的环保型润滑油，其特征在于，所述的抗氧防腐剂包括二戊基氨基甲酸锌、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌。
8.根据权利要求1所述的环保型润滑油，其特征在于，所述的极压抗磨剂包括硫化异丁烯、磷酸三甲酚酯；所述的消泡剂包括硅醚型聚合物T903、T911。
9.根据权利要求1所述的环保型润滑油，其特征在于，所述的金属钝化剂包括烷基噻二唑、苯三唑衍生物或杂环衍生物；所述的防锈剂包括十七烯基咪唑啉烯基丁二酸盐、二壬基奈磺酸钡或N-油酰肌氨酸-十八铵盐。
10.一种如权利要求1～9任一项所述的环保型润滑油的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)按重量份称取各组分；
(2)将轻度硫化植物油投入调合釜中，在60～63℃搅拌下，投入抗氧化剂、抗氧防腐剂、极压抗磨剂、金属钝化剂和防锈剂，搅拌均匀；
(3)然后投入摩擦改进剂和消泡剂，保持60～63℃继续搅拌1～2h；
(4)静置0.3～0.7h，即得环保型润滑油。
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