CN112482046B - 一种无甲醛具有耐久光泽的棉织物加工方法 - Google Patents

一种无甲醛具有耐久光泽的棉织物加工方法 Download PDF

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CN112482046B
CN112482046B CN202011299458.3A CN202011299458A CN112482046B CN 112482046 B CN112482046 B CN 112482046B CN 202011299458 A CN202011299458 A CN 202011299458A CN 112482046 B CN112482046 B CN 112482046B
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沈一峰
姜建堂
徐华君
杨雷
张忠
章金芳
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Shangyu Industrial Technology Research Institute of ZSTU
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种无甲醛具有耐久光泽的棉织物加工方法,包括:(1)棉坯布经过烧毛、退浆、染色(或印花)后,采用丙烯酰胺和甲基丙烯酰胺的混合液对棉织物进行接枝,接枝反应完成后,水洗;将织物浸轧水性聚氨酯整理液,浸轧整理液后烘干;将织物先通过油面轧光机进行轧光,再通过镜面轧光机进行轧光,得到具有耐久光泽的棉织物。通过该方法得到的面料没有甲醛,且具有较好的耐久光泽。该工艺操作方便,可行性高,所用原料简单易得。本发明采用的助剂全程无甲醛或潜在的甲醛释放问题,工艺流程简单,易于工业化实施。

Description

一种无甲醛具有耐久光泽的棉织物加工方法
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织技术领域,具体涉及一种无甲醛具有耐久光泽的棉织物加工方法。
背景技术
棉织物经轧光整理后,面料色彩愈加斑斓绚烂,图案花纹赏心悦目,且呈现出柔美的光泽,是深受市场欢迎的时尚面料。早期轧光整理采用淀粉或聚乙烯醇作为轧光树脂,通过调控助剂用量、轧光温度、布面湿度等工艺因素,轧光面料呈现光亮效果,但用该技术整理面料的光泽耐水洗性差,水洗后光泽基本消失,所以早期轧光面料主要用于室内装饰等领域。后来,随着防缩抗皱整理技术的发展,采用树脂或改性树脂等来进行轧光整理,整理后面料光泽的耐洗性提高,因此,轧光面料也逐步转向服装类,但与此同时,树脂的使用会导致轧光整理面料强力大幅降低或甲醛等问题。如授权公告号CN101736590B(申请号为CN201010039744.6)的中国专利公开了一种使含棉织物具有耐久光泽的加工方法。该方法是将坯布经过烧毛-退浆-丝光后,定型过树脂烘干,接着经过高温轧光、冷却、焙烘、预缩,最终得到免烫、镜面光泽的梭织面料。该方法存在树脂用量高、织物强力损伤大、甲醛含量高,所得到面料光泽单一,无法获得光泽图案等缺点。授权公告号为CN104278537B(申请号为CN201410537856.2)的中国专利申请公开了一种具有耐久光泽的针织面料及其加工方法,通过使用泡沫整理加工将改性树脂整理到针织物上,虽然降低了最终面料中的甲醛含量,但甲醛在面料上始终存在。随着人们对生态环保和自身健康的重视,无甲醛具有耐久光泽的棉织物愈发受到中高端市场的青睐。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种无甲醛具有耐久光泽的棉织物加工方法,通过该方法得到的面料没有甲醛,且具有较好的耐久光泽。该工艺操作方便,可行性高,所用原料简单易得。
本发明的目的还在于提供一种无甲醛具有耐久光泽的棉织物。
其技术方案如下:
一种无甲醛具有耐久光泽的棉织物的加工方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)棉坯布经过烧毛、退浆、染色(或印花)后,采用丙烯酰胺和甲基丙烯酰胺的混合液对棉织物进行接枝,接枝反应完成后,采用非离子型表面活性剂水溶液水洗,得到接枝水洗后的织物;
(2)将步骤(1)中的接枝水洗后的织物浸轧水性聚氨酯整理液,浸轧整理液后烘干,控制布面带液率75%-85%(质量百分数),烘干控制含潮率为8%-12%(质量百分数),得到整理后的织物;
(3)将步骤(2)中的整理后的织物先通过油面轧光机进行轧光,再通过镜面轧光机进行轧光,得到具有耐久光泽的棉织物。
步骤(1)中,所述的丙烯酰胺和甲基丙烯酰胺的混合液,由以下含量的组分组成;
Figure BDA0002786402190000021
所述的丙烯酰胺和甲基丙烯酰胺的质量比为2:3~3:2。
所述的接枝的条件为:浴比为1:20-1:30,1℃/min的速度升温至65-75℃反应50-70min。
所述的烷基糖苷采用APG10的产品。
非离子型表面活性剂水溶液为0.5-1g/L平平加O水溶液,水洗的浴比为1:20-1:30,水洗的条件为:先在80-85℃水洗10-15min,然后冷水水洗10-15min。
本发明中,单独采用丙烯酰胺接枝,接枝后织物手感太硬,单独采用甲基丙烯酰胺接枝,助剂的接枝利用率低,且接枝后的棉织物的吸水性会下降。因此,采用两种助剂复合接枝。柠檬酸的优势是有机强酸,无异味。烷基糖苷APG10保证了接枝的均匀性。过硫酸铵是接枝过程中自由基引发剂。
步骤(2)中,所述的整理液,由以下含量的组分组成:
Figure BDA0002786402190000031
所述的水性聚碳酸酯类脂肪族聚氨酯采用Stahl公司型号为RU-13-442的产品;
所述的水性固化剂采用科思创公司型号为Bayhydur XP 2655的产品;
聚乙烯亚胺采用巴斯夫公司型号为Loxanol MI 6735的产品,聚乙烯亚胺,作为交联剂,是巴斯夫公司的产品。
所述的烘干控制布面带液率75%-85%(质量百分数,就是1克布,带水0.75g到0.85g),烘干控制含潮率为8%-12%(质量百分数,就是1克布,带水0.08g到0.12g)。
步骤(3)中,所述的油面轧光机进行轧光的条件为:压力控制在7-8公斤,温度190-200℃,轧光机车速30-40米/min。
所述的油面轧光机进行连续轧光2-3次。
所述的镜面轧光机进行轧光的条件为:压力控制在8-9公斤,温度130-150℃,轧光机车速50-60米/min。
所述的镜面轧光机连续轧光1-2次。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下优点:
(1)通过本方法得到的棉织物具有镜面光泽的外观,而且在染色或印花工艺后再进行轧光,使接枝后的纤维与聚氨酯整理液发生充分交联反应,一方面接枝后棉织物内部和表面填充有聚丙烯酰胺聚合物,织物达到免烫等级,保证了水洗后的面料外观平整,不会影响其表面的光泽,另一方面通过聚氨酯成膜实现了网络立体结构的高分子膜覆盖在织物上,将织物表面的毛绒贴合粘附,实现耐久地固着;而采用油面轧光机和镜面轧光机对其进行轧光,可使轧光后的面料变得柔软而有垂感,避免了传统轧光后织物手感僵硬的问题。
(2)本发明采用的助剂全程无甲醛或潜在的甲醛释放问题,工艺流程简单,易于工业化实施。
具体实施方式
实施例1
(1)棉坯布经过烧毛-退浆-染色(或印花)后,采用丙烯酰胺和甲基丙烯酰胺的混合物对棉织物进行接枝,具体的接枝工艺为:丙烯酰胺和甲基丙烯酰胺的质量比为2:3,丙烯酰胺和甲基丙烯酰胺10g/L,柠檬酸5g/L,烷基糖苷APG10用量1g/L,过硫酸铵,0.8g/L,余量为去离子水。浴比为1:20,1℃/min的速度升温至70℃反应70min。接枝反应完成后,采用1g/L平平加O,浴比为1:20,85℃水洗10min。然后冷水水洗10min。
(2)步骤(1)中的织物浸轧水性聚氨酯整理液,整理液的配方为:水性聚碳酸酯类脂肪族聚氨酯RU-13-442(Stahl公司的产品商品名)用量100g/L,Bayhydur XP 2655用量为RU-13-442用量的4%,碳化二亚胺用量3g/L,Loxanol MI 6735用量5g/L,余量为去离子水。浸轧整理液后烘干,布面带液率76%,烘干含潮率为9%。
(3)步骤(2)中的织物先通过油面轧光机进行轧光,压力在7公斤,温度200℃,轧光机车速30米/min,连续轧光3次;再通过镜面轧光机进行轧光,压力控制在8公斤,温度130℃,轧光机车速50米/min,连续轧光2次,得到具有耐久光泽的棉织物。
实施例2
(1)棉坯布经过烧毛-退浆-染色(或印花)后,采用丙烯酰胺和甲基丙烯酰胺的混合物对棉织物进行接枝,具体的接枝工艺为:丙烯酰胺和甲基丙烯酰胺的质量比为3:2,丙烯酰胺和甲基丙烯酰胺25g/L,柠檬酸3g/L,烷基糖苷APG10用量1g/L,过硫酸铵1.25g/L,余量为去离子水。浴比为1:20,1℃/min的速度升温至75℃反应50min。接枝反应完成后,采用0.5g/L平平加O,浴比为1:20,80℃水洗10-15min。然后冷水水洗15min。
(2)步骤(1)中的织物浸轧水性聚氨酯整理液,整理液的配方为:水性聚碳酸酯类脂肪族聚氨酯RU-13-442(Stahl公司的产品商品名)用量80g/L,Bayhydur XP 2655用量为RU-13-442用量的3%,碳化二亚胺用量4g/L,Loxanol MI 6735用量8g/L,余量为去离子水。浸轧整理液后烘干,布面带液率82%,烘干含潮率为10%。
(3)步骤(2)中的织物先通过油面轧光机进行轧光,压力在8公斤,温度200℃,轧光机车速40米/min,连续轧光3次;再通过镜面轧光机进行轧光,压力控制在8.5公斤,温度150℃,轧光机车速60米/min,连续轧光2次,得到具有耐久光泽的棉织物。
实施例1和实施例2实施后的,数据指标如表1所示。
表1
Figure BDA0002786402190000051
注:按照GB/T3921洗涤自然晾干后算水洗一次。

Claims (8)

1.一种无甲醛具有耐久光泽的棉织物的加工方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)棉坯布经过烧毛、退浆、染色后,采用丙烯酰胺和甲基丙烯酰胺的混合液对棉织物进行接枝,接枝反应完成后,采用非离子型表面活性剂水溶液水洗,得到接枝水洗后的织物;
所述的丙烯酰胺和甲基丙烯酰胺的混合液,由以下含量的组分组成;
丙烯酰胺和甲基丙烯酰胺 10g/L-25g/L;
过硫酸铵 0.3g/L-1.25g/L;
柠檬酸 3-5g/L;
烷基糖苷 1-2 g/L;
去离子水 余量;
所述的丙烯酰胺和甲基丙烯酰胺的质量比为2:3~3:2;
(2)将步骤(1)中的接枝水洗后的织物浸轧水性聚氨酯整理液,浸轧整理液后烘干,得到整理后的织物;
所述的整理液,由以下含量的组分组成:
水性聚碳酸酯类脂肪族聚氨酯 80-100g/L;
水性固化剂 2.4-5g/L;
碳化二亚胺 3-5g/L;
聚乙烯亚胺 5-10g/L;
去离子水 余量;
(3)将步骤(2)中的整理后的织物先通过油面轧光机进行轧光,再通过镜面轧光机进行轧光,得到具有耐久光泽的棉织物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的无甲醛具有耐久光泽的棉织物的加工方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,所述的接枝的条件为:浴比为1:20-1:30,升温至65-75℃反应50-70min。
3.根据权利要求1所述的无甲醛具有耐久光泽的棉织物的加工方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,所述的非离子型表面活性剂水溶液为0.5-1g/L 平平加O水溶液,水洗的浴比为1:20-1:30,水洗的条件为:先在80-85℃水洗10-15min,然后冷水水洗10-15min。
4.根据权利要求1所述的无甲醛具有耐久光泽的棉织物的加工方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,所述的烘干控制布面带液率75%-85%,烘干控制含潮率为8%-12%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的无甲醛具有耐久光泽的棉织物的加工方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,所述的油面轧光机进行轧光的条件为:压力控制在7-8公斤,温度190-200℃,轧光机车速30-40米/min。
6.根据权利要求1所述的无甲醛具有耐久光泽的棉织物的加工方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,所述的油面轧光机进行连续轧光2-3次。
7.根据权利要求1所述的无甲醛具有耐久光泽的棉织物的加工方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,所述的镜面轧光机进行轧光的条件为:压力控制在8-9公斤,温度130-150℃,轧光机车速50-60米/min。
8.根据权利要求1所述的无甲醛具有耐久光泽的棉织物的加工方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,所述的镜面轧光机连续轧光1-2次。
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