CN112449957A - Method for improving transplanting survival rate of blanket-shaped rape seedling - Google Patents

Method for improving transplanting survival rate of blanket-shaped rape seedling Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112449957A
CN112449957A CN202011383108.5A CN202011383108A CN112449957A CN 112449957 A CN112449957 A CN 112449957A CN 202011383108 A CN202011383108 A CN 202011383108A CN 112449957 A CN112449957 A CN 112449957A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
blanket
rape
root
seedling
plants
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Pending
Application number
CN202011383108.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘勇
张蕾
黄小琴
杨潇湘
周西全
黄明波
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Rape Expert's Courtyard In Guanghan City
Institute of Plant Protection Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Rape Expert's Courtyard In Guanghan City
Institute of Plant Protection Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Application filed by Rape Expert's Courtyard In Guanghan City, Institute of Plant Protection Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences filed Critical Rape Expert's Courtyard In Guanghan City
Priority to CN202011383108.5A priority Critical patent/CN112449957A/en
Publication of CN112449957A publication Critical patent/CN112449957A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/15—Leaf crops, e.g. lettuce or spinach 
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
    • A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/50—1,3-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3-diazoles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N51/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds having the sequences of atoms O—N—S, X—O—S, N—N—S, O—N—N or O-halogen, regardless of the number of bonds each atom has and with no atom of these sequences forming part of a heterocyclic ring
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/14—Boron; Compounds thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for improving the transplanting survival rate of blanket-shaped rape seedling plants, belonging to the field of rape pest control; before transplanting, carrying out root soaking treatment on the blanket seedling raising plants of the rapes, wherein the root soaking solution comprises: cyazofamid, water-soluble boron compound, imidacloprid, rooting agent and water; the invention provides a method for improving the transplanting survival rate of blanket-shaped seedlings of rape, which is characterized in that the blanket-shaped layer at the root of the blanket-shaped seedlings of rape is subjected to root soaking treatment by root soaking liquid, so that the further expansion of pathogenic bacteria carried in the early-stage seedling culturing process and the infection of the pathogenic bacteria in soil after the plants are fixedly planted can be effectively reduced, and meanwhile, the humidity of the root of the plants can be increased during the plant fixedly planting, thereby accelerating the survival of the fixedly-planted plants; but also can promote the growth of seedlings, reduce the frequent aphid high-incidence pests in field planting, reduce the incidence rate of diseases and pests, reduce the use of medicaments, save cost and improve efficiency.

Description

Method for improving transplanting survival rate of blanket-shaped rape seedling
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of rape pest control, and particularly relates to a method for improving the transplanting survival rate of blanket-shaped rape seedling plants.
Background
Rape clubroot is a soil-borne disease caused by infection of plasmodiophora brassicae. When environmental conditions are favorable for disease occurrence, the clubroot disease of the rape can cause the yield of rape crops to be seriously reduced and even dead harvest, and seriously threatens the production of the rape.
At present, the prevention and treatment of rape clubroot mainly adopts the measures of field medicament root irrigation, crop rotation and soil improvement. Although soil improvement (such as the application of a large amount of lime) can achieve a better effect of preventing and treating the clubroot of rape, the soil improvement is easy to cause soil hardening and reduces the adverse effect of soil fertility. The control of clubroot of rape by crop rotation is difficult because the growth of cruciferous weeds in farmlands cannot be eliminated. The chemical treatment method mostly adopts the spraying of chemical pesticide for prevention and treatment, and the chemical spraying treatment can achieve better prevention and treatment effects except seedbed soil chemical treatment and seedling stage pesticide filling, and also can achieve better prevention and treatment effects by the treatments of chemical root filling during transplanting, chemical seedling filling after survival and the like; meanwhile, the pesticide dosage is large, the risk of environmental pollution is large, and long-term use of chemical pesticides can not only cause soil pollution, but also increase the health safety risk of people and livestock; in addition, the prevention and treatment period is too long, and the method cannot be accepted by farmers.
At present, soil in most of cruciferous vegetables and rape planting areas in China is acid, and clubroot is facilitated to occur. In addition, the soil is heavy and hardened, and the land with poor air permeability is easy to suffer from the disease especially in paddy-upland rotation areas; the organic matter content is low, the fertilizer is applied partially, the underground water level is high, the morbidity of the field with poor drainage condition is high, and the harm is serious. Particularly, in a rape clubroot disease incidence area, when the conventional rape planting technology is used for carrying out direct seeding and seedling transplanting on the rapes at a high temperature, the occurrence and the damage of the clubroot disease are very serious, in order to avoid the period of high clubroot disease incidence and avoid the seedling stage damage caused by the conventional field seedling in the incidence area, the novel technology of blanket seedling and mechanical transplanting of the rapes can be adopted to reduce the damage of the clubroot disease of the rapes to a certain extent.
When a new technology of blanket seedling and mechanized transplanting of rape is adopted, aiming at the problems that the existing soil is organic soil, the texture is dry, the nutrition proportion is complex, the cost is high, and when a seedling tray is mechanically sown, germs are easily infected in the process, the propagation of the germs is easily accelerated in a wet and negative environment, meanwhile, the transplanting period of the blanket seedling is often a high-incidence period of aphid damage, the disease control problem of the infected germ plants is difficult to solve by adopting spraying type medicament treatment in the prior art, the modes of root irrigation treatment and the like not only consume time and consume medicaments, but also have the risk of polluting the environment by pesticide residue, the insect damage and the like during transplanting are urgently needed to find a method which is suitable for the normal growth of the blanket seedling of rape and can also play a role in efficiently controlling the clubrood, the frost mildew and damping-off of rape, and the damage of pests such as aphids and the like after transplanting can be reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the method for improving the transplanting survival rate of the blanket-shaped rape seedling plants, the blanket-shaped layer at the root of the blanket-shaped rape seedling is subjected to root soaking treatment by the root soaking solution, so that the further expansion of pathogenic bacteria carried in the early-stage seedling process and the infection of the pathogenic bacteria in the soil after the plants are fixedly planted can be effectively reduced, and meanwhile, the humidity of the roots of the plants can be increased during the plant fixedly planting, and the survival of the fixedly-planted plants is accelerated; but also can promote the growth of seedlings, reduce the frequent aphid high-incidence pests in field planting, reduce the incidence rate of diseases and pests, reduce the use of medicaments, save cost and improve efficiency.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for improving the survival rate of blanket-shaped rape seedling plants, which comprises the following steps of carrying out root soaking treatment on the blanket-shaped rape seedling plants before transplanting, wherein the root soaking solution comprises the following components: cyazofamid, water-soluble boron compound, imidacloprid, rooting agent and water.
As a further preferable scheme of the invention, the root soaking solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of cyazofamid, 0.1-0.5 part of water-soluble boron compound, 1-5 parts of imidacloprid, 0.3-0.5 part of rooting agent and 90-100 parts of water.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water-soluble boron compound is at least one of boron oxide, borax, and boric acid.
As a further preferable embodiment of the present invention, the rooting agent is at least one of indoleacetic acid and indolebutyric acid.
As a further preferable scheme of the invention, the method is that the bred blanket seedlings of the rape are directly taken out in a whole disc, directly put into a quantitative root soaking solution for root soaking and taken out.
The blanket-shaped seedling culture of the rape is an important step of mechanized transplanting. Compared with the manual conventional seedling raising and transplanting, the blanket seedling raising and mechanical transplanting has high working efficiency, so that the transplanting time of the rapes after seedling raising can be delayed, and the labor cost is saved. Generally, the disc type seeding and seedling raising is carried out in the blanket-shaped seedling raising time of 8 months at the bottom or in the last ten days of 9 months, at the moment, the temperature of the soil surface for placing a seedling raising disc is very high, and in addition, the seedling raising substrate is rich in nutrition, root diseases, downy mildew, damping off and the like are easy to occur and are adhered to the roots of rape seedlings; in addition, when seedlings formed by carpet-shaped seedling raising are transplanted, the carpet-shaped root layers are usually dry, the humidity of the roots before transplanting is relatively low, and if the moisture of soil during transplanting is relatively small, the seedling returning period after planting is prolonged, so that the growth of rape seedlings is influenced.
The cyazofamid in the root soaking solution is high in safety, and after the root soaking solution is adopted for treatment, the invasion of the root hair of plasmodiophora brassicae in the seedling stage can be well prevented, and the prevention effect on early infection of plasmodiophora brassicae is achieved; meanwhile, the root soaking mode can effectively prolong the retention and action time of the clubroot prevention and treatment medicament on the rape roots, and obviously improve the prevention and treatment effect of the rape clubroot; imidacloprid is used for preventing and controlling insect pests such as aphids and the like; the water-soluble boron compound is used as a trace element to improve the survival rate of rape seedlings. The invention can avoid the infection of clubroot with higher soil temperature in 9-10 months by adopting a mechanized blanket seedling transplanting method of rape, and aims at the early infection disease in the seedling process of the new technology, the invention can treat the pathogen infected at the root of the rape seedling before the rape seedling is transplanted, so that the rape seedling is prevented from rapidly expanding and spreading infection pathogenic bacteria in the transplanting process, and the absorbed cyazofamid can make the root hair generate certain resistance after the rape seedling is transplanted into the soil, and the better control effect can be ensured in 3-6 weeks even if the clubroot is self-carried or artificially added in the soil, so that the invention has very remarkable progress for the conventional medicament treatment method which can only control 1-2 weeks. The method cuts off the suitable infection environment and invasion condition for the growth of pathogenic bacteria from two angles, and obviously improves the survival rate of the blanket-shaped rape seedling.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. can realize the prevention and treatment effect of 90 percent of rape clubroot;
2. before the blanket seedlings of the rapes are transplanted, the invention is adopted to carry out root soaking treatment on the blanket seedlings of the rapes, so that the disease expansion of plants infected by pathogenic bacteria in the early seedling process can be cut off in time; the re-infection of clubroot pathogens in the soil to newly-extracted rape root hairs after the rape transplantation is prevented in advance, the morbidity is reduced, the use of medicaments is reduced, the cost is saved, and the efficiency is improved; in addition, after the root soaking liquid is used for treatment, the water and the plant resistance of the roots of the transplanted plants are increased in time in a mode of attaching liquid medicine, root water does not need to be poured any more, and the survival rate is high;
3. the invention can effectively reduce the further expansion of pathogenic bacteria carried in the early seedling raising process and the infection of the pathogenic bacteria in the soil after the plants are fixedly planted, and can increase the humidity of the roots of the plants during the permanent planting of the plants, thereby accelerating the survival of the fixedly planted plants; but also can promote the growth of seedlings, reduce the frequent aphid high-incidence pests in field planting, reduce the incidence rate of diseases and pests, reduce the use of medicaments, save cost and improve efficiency.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below by way of examples, and it should be noted that the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Before transplanting, carrying out root soaking treatment on the blanket-shaped seedling raising plants of the rape, wherein the root soaking solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of cyazofamid, 0.1 part of water-soluble boron compound, 1 part of imidacloprid, 0.3 part of rooting agent and 90 parts of water.
Adopting a disc type root soaking mode, directly putting the roots of each disc of seedlings into 200ml of root soaking liquid, and directly putting the roots of each disc of seedlings on a seedling frame of a blanket-shaped seedling transplanting machine after sucking the root soaking liquid to be dry.
Example 2
Before transplanting, carrying out root soaking treatment on the blanket-shaped seedling raising plants of the rape, wherein the root soaking solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of cyazofamid, 0.5 part of water-soluble boron compound, 5 parts of imidacloprid, 0.5 part of rooting agent and 100 parts of water.
Adopting a disc type root soaking mode, directly putting the roots of each disc of seedlings into 200ml of root soaking liquid, and directly putting the roots of each disc of seedlings on a seedling frame of a blanket-shaped seedling transplanting machine after sucking the root soaking liquid to be dry.
Example 3
Before transplanting, carrying out root soaking treatment on the blanket-shaped seedling raising plants of the rape, wherein the root soaking solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of cyazofamid, 0.3 part of water-soluble boron compound, 3 parts of imidacloprid, 0.4 part of rooting agent and 95 parts of water.
Adopting a disc type root soaking mode, directly putting the roots of each disc of seedlings into 200ml of root soaking liquid, and directly putting the roots of each disc of seedlings on a seedling frame of a blanket-shaped seedling transplanting machine after sucking the root soaking liquid to be dry.
Example 4
Before transplanting, carrying out root soaking treatment on the blanket-shaped seedling raising plants of the rape, wherein the root soaking solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of cyazofamid, 0.2 part of water-soluble boron compound, 3 parts of imidacloprid, 0.3 part of rooting agent and 90 parts of water.
Adopting a disc type root soaking mode, directly putting the roots of each disc of seedlings into 200ml of root soaking liquid, and directly putting the roots of each disc of seedlings on a seedling frame of a blanket-shaped seedling transplanting machine after sucking the root soaking liquid to be dry.
Example 5
The procedure was as in example 1 except that imidacloprid was not added.
The rape blanket seedling raising plants treated by the root soaking solution in the embodiment 1 to the embodiment 5 are used as an experimental group; the control group 1 is not subjected to root soaking treatment, and after seedling emergence, medicine spraying is carried out according to the instruction of cyazofamid products; the control group 2 was rape without any treatment; the control effect results and yield results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Prevalence of clubroot (%) Yield (kg/mu)
Example 1 7.2 185
Example 2 6.3 188
Example 3 8.4 177
Example 4 6.9 189
Example 5 10.6 171
Comparative example 1 23.6 150
Comparative example 2 41.4 114
As shown in Table 1, compared with comparative examples 1 and 2, the rape blanket seedling raising plants after root soaking provided by the invention can achieve 90 percent; the morbidity of the blanket-shaped rape seedling is reduced, which shows that the root soaking solution provided by the invention has better disease prevention effect.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A method for improving the transplanting survival rate of a blanket seedling plant of rape is characterized in that the blanket seedling plant of rape is subjected to root soaking treatment before transplanting, and the root soaking solution comprises the following components: cyazofamid, water-soluble boron compound, imidacloprid, rooting agent and water.
2. The method for improving the transplanting survival rate of the rape blanket seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the root soaking solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of cyazofamid, 0.1-0.5 part of water-soluble boron compound, 1-5 parts of imidacloprid, 0.3-0.5 part of rooting agent and 90-100 parts of water.
3. The method for improving the transplanting survival rate of the rape blanket seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the water-soluble boron compound is at least one of boron oxide, borax and boric acid.
4. The method for improving the transplanting survival rate of the rape blanket seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the rooting agent is at least one of indoleacetic acid and indolebutyric acid.
CN202011383108.5A 2020-12-01 2020-12-01 Method for improving transplanting survival rate of blanket-shaped rape seedling Pending CN112449957A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113287484A (en) * 2021-05-31 2021-08-24 四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所 Seedling culture substrate suitable for blanket seedling culture of rape and application thereof

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CN113287484A (en) * 2021-05-31 2021-08-24 四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所 Seedling culture substrate suitable for blanket seedling culture of rape and application thereof

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