CN115363056B - Preparation method and application of achyranthes bidentata and chrysanthemum leaching solution for preventing and treating crop bacterial wilt - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of achyranthes bidentata and chrysanthemum leaching solution for preventing and treating crop bacterial wilt Download PDFInfo
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- CN115363056B CN115363056B CN202210946470.1A CN202210946470A CN115363056B CN 115363056 B CN115363056 B CN 115363056B CN 202210946470 A CN202210946470 A CN 202210946470A CN 115363056 B CN115363056 B CN 115363056B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/12—Asteraceae or Compositae [Aster or Sunflower family], e.g. daisy, pyrethrum, artichoke, lettuce, sunflower, wormwood or tarragon
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a achyranthes bidentata chrysanthemum extract for preventing and treating crop bacterial wilt, which comprises the steps of mixing achyranthes bidentata chrysanthemum with phosphate buffer according to the proportion of 10 mL/g, and leaching for 2d at normal temperature to obtain the achyranthes bidentata chrysanthemum extract. The pot control effect is measured by adopting a leaching solution root filling method, and experimental results prove that after 21 d is inoculated, the control effect of the treatment of the achyranthes bidentata leaching solution on tobacco bacterial wilt is 76.08%, and the obtained achyranthes bidentata leaching solution has better control effect on crop bacterial wilt.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological control of plant diseases, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of achyranthes bidentata and chrysanthemum leaching solution for controlling crop bacterial wilt.
Background
Crop bacterial wilt is a typical soil-borne disease, and the pathogen of the disease is bacterial wilt RalstoniaRalstoniasolanacearum) The host range is wide, such as eggplant, tomato, capsicum, potato, peanut and other crops. The bacterial wilt can spread through soil and irrigation water, invade from the root of a host plant, enter into a xylem vascular bundle, rapidly spread to the overground part tissues of the plant through the vascular bundle system, and the typical symptoms of diseases are that the xylem turns brown and the plant wilts. The occurrence of bacterial wilt in a large area seriously affects the quality and yield of agricultural products, causes irrecoverable economic loss, and is one of the most destructive plant bacterial diseases in tropical, subtropical and temperate areas.
The control strategy of crop bacterial wilt mainly uses disease-resistant cultivation as basis, disease-resistant variety utilization as centre and chemical control as auxiliary, and its control measures mainly include selecting plant-resistant high-quality variety or grafted seedling, disease-resistant variety rotation, using disease-free new soil to cultivate healthy strong seedling, improving soil, timely removing disease plant, applying pesticide, etc.. However, the large and frequent use of chemical pesticides threatens ecological sustainability and human health, and thus, the development of "green agriculture" is urgent.
In recent years, biological control has become a research hotspot. The plant source extract is one of the biological control methods because the plant itself is rich in active substances and some beneficial microorganisms can have natural defense effect on plant diseases and insect pests. The plant extract has natural materials, wide sources and complex components, is not easy to generate drug resistance in the process of preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests, and has no residue on the environment and crops. Therefore, the development and utilization of rich plant resources in China have profound significance for pest control.
Radix Achyranthis bidentatae and flos ChrysanthemiGalinsogaparviflora) Belonging to a foreign invasive weed which poses a threat to the local species. The acetone extract of achyranthes bidentata has been reported to be used for inhibiting plant pathogenic fungi such as bakanae disease and Pyricularia oryzae, but no plant pathogenic bacteria are involved, and the extract is extracted by adopting an organic solvent, so that environmental pollution is easy to cause.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method and application of achyranthes bidentata and chrysanthemum leaching solution for preventing and treating crop bacterial wilt. The achyranthes bidentata extract is prepared and applied to the prevention and treatment of crop bacterial wilt, so that the achyranthes bidentata extract not only can consume exotic invasive plants, namely achyranthes bidentata, but also can be used for preventing and controlling crop bacterial wilt, and has good application prospect.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of achyranthes bidentata extract for preventing and treating crop bacterial wilt comprises the steps of cutting fresh achyranthes bidentata into small sections of 2-5cm, adding phosphate buffer solution with pH=7 and concentration of 0.20mol/L according to the liquid-to-material ratio of 10 mL/g, leaching for 2d at room temperature, and filtering by sterile gauze to obtain the achyranthes bidentata extract.
The obtained achyranthes bidentata chrysanthemum extract can be used for preventing and treating crop bacterial wilt.
The invention has the advantages that:
the achyranthes bidentata chrysanthemum leaching solution prepared by the invention has obvious inhibition effect on various crop bacterial wilt bacteria, has strong lasting effect, has the advantages of no pollution, no residue, no toxicity, higher safety to the environment and the like compared with chemical pesticides, and provides a new strategy for preventing and treating the crop bacterial wilt.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows comparison of antibacterial effects of achyranthes bidentata extract with different concentrations on bacterial wilt of tobacco in example 1.
FIG. 2 is a comparison of the bacteriostatic effects of the achyranthes bidentata extract on bacterial wilt in tobacco obtained in example 2 at different leaching times.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of bacteriostasis on the plates of the achyranthes bidentata water extract (A) and the achyranthes bidentata phosphate extract (B) obtained by leaching 2d in example 2.
Detailed Description
In order to make the contents of the present invention more easily understood, the technical scheme of the present invention will be further described with reference to the specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Preparation of phosphate buffer: naH of 11.856 g 2 PO 4 ·2H 2 Na of O and 44.392 g 2 HPO 4 ·12H 2 O is dissolved in 1L of distilled water to obtain 0.2mol/L phosphate buffer solution, and the pH value of the phosphate buffer solution is 7.0.
EXAMPLE 1 Flat inhibition of various concentrations of achyranthes bidentata extract on tobacco bacterial wilt
Obtaining achyranthes bidentata chrysanthemum extract: collecting fresh plant of Achyranthis radix, cutting into 2-5cm pieces, placing 200g of chopped Achyranthis radix into sterile container, adding water or phosphate buffer solution with concentration of 0.02g/mL, 0.04g/mL, 0.06g/mL, 0.08g/mL, 0.10g/mL and 0.20g/mL, standing for 2d, filtering with sterile gauze to remove residues in the leaching solution, and standing in refrigerator at 4deg.C.
The achyranthes bidentata chrysanthemum extract has a plate bacteriostasis effect on crop bacterial wilt: selecting bacterial strain of tobacco bacterial wilt to be tested in NB culture medium by adopting a bacteriostasis circle method, culturing for 24 hours by constant temperature oscillation (28 ℃ and 180 r/min), uniformly mixing bacterial suspension with CPG solid culture medium which is melted at a proper temperature in a ratio of 1:100, and pouring into a plate; respectively sucking the achyranthes bidentata water extract or achyranthes bidentata phosphate extract (5 mu L) with different concentrations on a flat plate, airing, and placing into a 28 ℃ incubator for culture, wherein each treatment is repeated for 3 times.
As shown in the results of figure 1, in the range of 0.08 g/mL-0.20 g/mL, the antibacterial effect of the achyranthes bidentata chrysanthemum phosphate leaching solution is obviously better than that of the achyranthes bidentata chrysanthemum leaching solution, and the achyranthes bidentata chrysanthemum phosphate leaching solution has the best antibacterial effect when the concentration is 0.10g/mL, and the average radius of a antibacterial circle is 4.33mm.
EXAMPLE 2 Flat bacteriostatic Effect of achyranthes bidentata extract on tobacco bacterial wilt with different leaching times
Obtaining achyranthes bidentata chrysanthemum extract: collecting fresh plant of Achyranthis radix, cutting into 2-5cm pieces, placing 200g of chopped Achyranthis radix into sterile container, adding 1L of water or phosphate buffer solution respectively, standing and leaching for different times in room, filtering with sterile gauze to remove residues in the leaching solution to obtain Achyranthis radix water leaching solution and Achyranthis radix phosphate leaching solution, and placing into refrigerator at 4deg.C for use.
The achyranthes bidentata chrysanthemum extract has a plate bacteriostasis effect on crop bacterial wilt: selecting bacterial strain of tobacco bacterial wilt to be tested in NB culture medium by adopting a bacteriostasis circle method, culturing for 24 hours by constant temperature oscillation (28 ℃ and 180 r/min), uniformly mixing bacterial suspension with CPG solid culture medium which is melted at a proper temperature in a ratio of 1:100, and pouring into a plate; respectively sucking the achyranthes bidentata water extract or achyranthes bidentata phosphate extract (5 mu L) with different leaching times, air drying, culturing in a 28 ℃ incubator, and repeating each treatment for 3 times.
As shown in the results of FIG. 2, the achyranthes bidentata water extract and the achyranthes bidentata phosphate extract obtained by leaching 2d have the best antibacterial effect, and the radius of the antibacterial circle of the achyranthes bidentata water extract and the achyranthes bidentata phosphate extract is 3.33mm and 3.67mm respectively (as shown in FIG. 3).
EXAMPLE 3 Flat bacteriostatic Effect of achyranthes bidentata extract on crop pathogenic bacteria
Determining the concentration of the achyranthes bidentata extract (obtained by leaching for 2d at the concentration of 0.10 g/mL) on tobacco bacterial wilt by adopting a bacteriostasis circle methodRalstoniasolanacearium) Tomato bacterial wiltR. solanacearium) Sweet potato bacterial wiltR. solanacearium) Bacterial wilt of potatoR. solanacearium) Bacterial wilt of eggplantR. solanacearium) Tobacco cavity germPectobacteriumcarotovorum) Tobacco wild fire germPseudomonas amygdali) Bacterial spot pathogen of tomatoP. syringae) Pseudomonas Cichorii (Cichorium intybus)P. cichorii) Chinese cabbage soft rot fungiP. carotovorum) Bacteria of capsicum scabXanthomonaseuvesicatoria) And the like, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Flat bacteriostatic Effect of achyranthes extract on crop pathogenic bacteria
The results in table 1 show that the achyranthes bidentata water extract and the achyranthes bidentata phosphate extract have certain inhibition effects on different crop bacterial wilts, but have no antibacterial effect on plant pathogenic bacteria such as tobacco cavity bacteria, tobacco wild fire bacteria, tomato bacterial spot bacteria, pseudomonas chicory, soft rot of Chinese cabbage, capsicum scab bacteria and the like, which proves that the achyranthes bidentata phosphate extract has specificity on the inhibition effect of bacterial wilt bacteria, wherein the antibacterial effect of the achyranthes bidentata phosphate extract is superior to that of the achyranthes bidentata water extract.
EXAMPLE 4 control Effect of achyranthes bidentata extract on tobacco bacterial wilt
Selecting healthy tobacco seedlings with consistent growth vigor, respectively irrigating 30mL of achyranthes bidentata extract with concentration of 0.10g/mL (6 plants are treated each time and 3 times are repeated each treatment), and root irrigation and inoculation of 30mL of OD after 24 hours 600 =0.8 suspension of ralstonia solanacearum to examine the effect of the achyranthes bidentata extract on controlling tobacco bacterial wilt (with mesogenic fungi as a control), and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 prevention and treatment effects of achyranthes bidentata and chrysanthemum extract on tobacco bacterial wilt
As can be seen from the results in Table 2, after inoculation, the control effect of both the achyranthes bidentata water extract and the achyranthes bidentata phosphate extract on tobacco bacterial wilt is superior to that of the Zhongshengmycin, and the control effect of the achyranthes bidentata phosphate extract is superior to that of the achyranthes bidentata water extract.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the invention, and all changes and modifications that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (2)
1. The application of achyranthes bidentata and chrysanthemum leaching solution in preventing and treating crop bacterial wilt is characterized in that: cutting fresh achyranthes bidentata into small sections with the length of 2-5cm, adding phosphate buffer solution according to the liquid-to-material ratio of 10 mL/g, leaching for 2 days at room temperature, and filtering by sterile gauze to obtain the achyranthes bidentata leaching solution.
2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: the concentration of the phosphate buffer was 0.20mol/L, ph=7.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103447290A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2013-12-18 | 林立金 | Remediation method for heavy metal cadmium pollution of orchard soil based on galinsoga parviflora |
| CN107628881A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-01-26 | 博白县富山水果种植专业合作社 | A kind of insect prevention base manure of lichee and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103447290A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2013-12-18 | 林立金 | Remediation method for heavy metal cadmium pollution of orchard soil based on galinsoga parviflora |
| CN107628881A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-01-26 | 博白县富山水果种植专业合作社 | A kind of insect prevention base manure of lichee and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 入侵植物辣子草抗逆性及化感作用的初步研究;范雪涛;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 农业科技辑》;4 * |
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