CN108834461A - A kind of Vegetable Soil sterilization method - Google Patents
A kind of Vegetable Soil sterilization method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108834461A CN108834461A CN201810879289.7A CN201810879289A CN108834461A CN 108834461 A CN108834461 A CN 108834461A CN 201810879289 A CN201810879289 A CN 201810879289A CN 108834461 A CN108834461 A CN 108834461A
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- Prior art keywords
- soil
- vegetable
- reducing agent
- sterilization method
- disinfection
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G11/00—Sterilising soil by steam
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology fields, more particularly to a kind of Vegetable Soil sterilization method, the present invention first will spray the Soil Utilization giant of planting vegetable, play the role of mellow soil and keeps humidity, the soil sprayed is subjected to material disinfection again, various bacteriums, virus and the subterranean pest-insect in soil are killed, then Vegetable Soil reducing agent is added in the soil after physical disinfection and is sealed 15-30 days, further disinfection and rehabilitating soil.A kind of Vegetable Soil sterilization method of the present invention, play a dual role of disinfection and fertilising, safe and non-toxic, sterilization thoroughly, can effective rehabilitating soil, shorten vegetables and take turns and plough the period, improve yield of vegetables.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology fields, and in particular to a kind of Vegetable Soil sterilization method.
Background technique
The current greenhouse quantity in China is increasing, and greenhouse production is the important method of modern agricultural production.However, in facility
Under the specific condition of cultivation, accelerate soil-borne disease, growth of pathogenic bacteria breeding, pathogen accumulation increases in soil, various crops
The prevalence of bacterium, fungi, virus and root-knot nematode.If this kind of disease is controlled not in time, can be caused to industrial crops sternly
The underproduction or even total crop failure of having no harvest again.The spread in china of soil-borne disease can be preferably controlled to soil disinfection, improve agricultural product quality
And value.
Present people kill various bacteriums, virus and subterranean pest-insect in plastic shed soil, example usually using chemical agent
Such as with Furadan, thimet, a variety of sides of red (Aldicarb) high-toxic pesticide and avermectin, chitin, bromoethane etc. of the legendary god of farming
Method prevents and treats disease pest harm, also carry out soil disinfection processing with nitrolim, however due in soil bacterium, virus,
Lower pest can move in the soil, bring difficulty to various bacteriums, virus and the subterranean pest-insect in thorough killing soil, and
And all Chemical treatment soil can all bring the residual of pesticide in the soil, cause security risk.
How various bacteriums, virus and the subterranean pest-insect that safety is thoroughly killed again in soil have become modern agriculture science
A global problem in technology.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is aiming at the shortcomings in the prior art, providing a kind of safety, the thorough Vegetable Soil of sterilization disappears
Malicious method.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：A kind of Vegetable Soil sterilization method, it includes the following steps：
Step 1：When planting vegetable, soil is placed in waterproof membrane or substrate grooves, then the soil species in waterproof membrane or substrate grooves
Vegetables are planted, soil scarifying is convenient for, are prepared for subsequent disinfection；
Step 2：Vegetables harvest after, using giant by the soil of planting vegetable from waterproof membrane or substrate grooves spray, make soil
Earth is in doughy state；
Step 3：The soil sprayed is subjected to physical disinfection；
Step 4：Vegetable Soil reducing agent is added in soil after physical disinfection to seal 15-30 days.
Preferably, soil is stacked in step 4 from level to level, and sprinkles Vegetable Soil reducing agent in every layer of upper soll layer,
Covered with plastic film closed after heap is good, the thickness ratio of soil and Vegetable Soil reducing agent is（3-6）：（1-3）.
Preferably, the Vegetable Soil reducing agent is (20-30) by weight ratio： (15-20)：(2-5) ：(1-3) ：
(1-3) ：Sawdust, dregs of beans, diatomite, rice chaff, mushroom slag, the biomass carbon composition of (2-5)；Either, the Vegetable Soil is with also
Former agent is for (20-30) by weight ratio： (5-10)：(2-5) ：(2-5) ：The vinasse of (2-5), abandoned vegetable slag, humic acid,
Rice chaff, mushroom slag composition, two different Vegetable Soils are applied to soil surface in turn with reducing agent.
Preferably, further include between step 2 and step 3：Cleaning remains in vegetable root, stem, leaf near soil, sunning
After crush, obtain abandoned vegetable slag.
Preferably, it can be carried out high-temperature sterilization using solar energy or air energy or steam in step 2.
Preferably, make water content 60%-70% in soil before sealing in step 4.
After Vegetable Soil reducing agent is added in soil, EM bacteria agent is sprayed before sealing.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：The present invention first will spray the Soil Utilization giant of planting vegetable, play soft
Soil and the effect for keeping humidity, then the soil sprayed is subjected to material disinfection, kill various bacteriums, virus and ground in soil
Lower pest, then Vegetable Soil reducing agent is added in the soil after physical disinfection and is sealed 15-30 days, it further sterilizes and repairs soil
Earth.A kind of Vegetable Soil sterilization method of the present invention plays a dual role of disinfection and fertilising, safe and non-toxic, sterilization is thorough, can be effective
Rehabilitating soil shortens vegetables and takes turns the cultivated period, improves yield of vegetables.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with the following Examples.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Vegetable Soil sterilization method, it includes the following steps：
Step 1：When planting vegetable, soil is placed in waterproof membrane or substrate grooves, then the soil species in waterproof membrane or substrate grooves
Plant vegetables；
Step 2：Vegetables harvest after, using giant by the soil of planting vegetable from waterproof membrane or substrate grooves spray, make soil
Earth is in doughy state；
Step 3：The soil sprayed is subjected to physical disinfection；
Step 4：Vegetable Soil reducing agent is added in soil after physical disinfection to seal 15-30 days.
Soil is stacked from level to level in step 4, and sprinkles Vegetable Soil reducing agent in every layer of upper soll layer, after heap is good
Covered with plastic film closed, the thickness ratio of soil and Vegetable Soil reducing agent is 1：1.
The Vegetable Soil reducing agent is 20 by weight ratio：15：2 ：1 ：1：2 sawdust, dregs of beans, diatomite, rice chaff,
Mushroom slag, biomass carbon composition；Either, the Vegetable Soil be by weight ratio with reducing agent be 20： 5：2 ：2 ：2 wine
Grain, abandoned vegetable slag, humic acid, rice chaff, mushroom slag composition, two different Vegetable Soils are applied to soil surface in turn with reducing agent
Add.
Further include between step 2 and step 3：Cleaning remains in vegetable root, stem, leaf near soil, crushes after sunning,
Obtain abandoned vegetable slag.
It can be carried out high-temperature sterilization using the sun in step 2.
Make water content 60% in soil before sealing in step 4.
After Vegetable Soil reducing agent is added in soil, EM bacteria agent is sprayed before sealing.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Vegetable Soil sterilization method, it includes the following steps：
Step 1：When planting vegetable, soil is placed in waterproof membrane or substrate grooves, then the soil species in waterproof membrane or substrate grooves
Plant vegetables；
Step 2：Vegetables harvest after, using giant by the soil of planting vegetable from waterproof membrane or substrate grooves spray, make soil
Earth is in doughy state；
Step 3：The soil sprayed is subjected to physical disinfection；
Step 4：Vegetable Soil reducing agent is added in soil after physical disinfection to seal 15-30 days.
Soil is stacked from level to level in step 4, and sprinkles Vegetable Soil reducing agent in every layer of upper soll layer, after heap is good
Covered with plastic film closed, the thickness ratio of soil and Vegetable Soil reducing agent is 2：1.
The Vegetable Soil reducing agent is 15 by weight ratio：18：3：2：2：3 sawdust, dregs of beans, diatomite, rice chaff, mushroom
Slag, biomass carbon composition；Either, the Vegetable Soil be by weight ratio with reducing agent be 25：8：4 ：4：4 vinasse give up
Vegetables slag, humic acid, rice chaff, mushroom slag composition are abandoned, two different Vegetable Soils are applied to soil surface in turn with reducing agent.
Further include between step 2 and step 3：Cleaning remains in vegetable root, stem, leaf near soil, crushes after sunning,
Obtain abandoned vegetable slag.
It can be carried out high-temperature sterilization using air in step 2.
Make water content 65% in soil before sealing in step 4.
After Vegetable Soil reducing agent is added in soil, sprinkling is by Bacillus sphaericus, streptomyces aureofaciens, withered before sealing
Careless bacillus, saccharomyces cerevisiae, wax-like gemma bar, special humic be mould, Trichoderma viride is by weight 1:1:1:1:1:1:1 ratio
The bacteria agent mixed.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Vegetable Soil sterilization method, it includes the following steps：
Step 1：When planting vegetable, soil is placed in waterproof membrane or substrate grooves, then the soil species in waterproof membrane or substrate grooves
Plant vegetables；
Step 2：Vegetables harvest after, using giant by the soil of planting vegetable from waterproof membrane or substrate grooves spray, make soil
Earth is in doughy state；
Step 3：The soil sprayed is subjected to physical disinfection；
Step 4：Vegetable Soil reducing agent is added in soil after physical disinfection to seal 15-30 days.
Soil is stacked from level to level in step 4, and sprinkles Vegetable Soil reducing agent in every layer of upper soll layer, after heap is good
Covered with plastic film closed, the thickness ratio of soil and Vegetable Soil reducing agent is 6：1.
The Vegetable Soil reducing agent is 30 by weight ratio：20：5 ：3 ：3：5 sawdust, dregs of beans, diatomite, rice chaff,
Mushroom slag, biomass carbon composition；Either, the Vegetable Soil be by weight ratio with reducing agent be 30：10：5：5 ：5 vinasse,
Abandoned vegetable slag, humic acid, rice chaff, mushroom slag composition, two different Vegetable Soils are applied to soil surface in turn with reducing agent.
Further include between step 2 and step 3：Cleaning remains in vegetable root, stem, leaf near soil, crushes after sunning,
Obtain abandoned vegetable slag.
It can be carried out high-temperature sterilization using steam in step 2.
Make water content 70% in soil before sealing in step 4.
After Vegetable Soil reducing agent is added in soil, EM bacteria agent is sprayed before sealing.
Embodiment 4
A kind of Vegetable Soil sterilization method, it includes the following steps：
Step 1：When planting vegetable, soil is placed in waterproof membrane or substrate grooves, then the soil species in waterproof membrane or substrate grooves
Plant vegetables；
Step 2：Vegetables harvest after, using giant by the soil of planting vegetable from waterproof membrane or substrate grooves spray, make soil
Earth is in doughy state；
Step 3：The soil sprayed is subjected to physical disinfection；
Step 4：Vegetable Soil reducing agent is added in soil after physical disinfection to seal 15-30 days.
Soil is stacked from level to level in step 4, and sprinkles Vegetable Soil reducing agent in every layer of upper soll layer, after heap is good
Covered with plastic film closed, the thickness ratio of soil and Vegetable Soil reducing agent is 2：1.
The Vegetable Soil reducing agent is 15 by weight ratio：18：3：2：2：3 sawdust, dregs of beans, diatomite, rice chaff, mushroom
Slag, biomass carbon composition；Either, the Vegetable Soil be by weight ratio with reducing agent be 25：8：4 ：4：4 vinasse give up
Vegetables slag, humic acid, rice chaff, mushroom slag composition are abandoned, two different Vegetable Soils are applied to soil surface in turn with reducing agent.
Further include between step 2 and step 3：Cleaning remains in vegetable root, stem, leaf near soil, crushes after sunning,
Obtain abandoned vegetable slag.
It can be carried out high-temperature sterilization using air in step 2.
Make water content 65% in soil before sealing in step 4.
Wherein, the biomass carbon is using preceding with 50-100 times of formalin（Commercially available 36%）Immersion 2-4 hours, after pulling out again
It is rinsed 2-3 times with clear water, is then 8 according to weight ratio：1:Chitosan is added to biomass carbon for 1 ratio and microbial bacterial agent is super
Sound wave shock, the microbial bacterial agent are 1:1:1:1 lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, nitrobacteria and rhizosphere bacterium.
The content of viable bacteria is 2-8X10 in microbial bacterial agent8A/g.
Further include between step 3 and step 4：A liquid is sprayed into the soil of physical disinfection, A liquid is 5 by weight ratio：1：
1：1 water, wood vinegar, Folium Artemisiae Argyi extract, dandelion extract, after solution A permeable soil, then carry out step 4.
After Vegetable Soil reducing agent is added in soil, sprinkling is by Bacillus sphaericus, streptomyces aureofaciens, withered before sealing
Careless bacillus, saccharomyces cerevisiae, wax-like gemma bar, special humic be mould, Trichoderma viride is by weight 1:1:1:1:1:1:1 ratio
The bacteria agent mixed.The content of viable bacteria is 2-8X10 in bacteria agent8A/g.
Soil after being sterilized using the embodiment of the present invention, the separation for carrying out nematode and pathogen (phytophthora and Fusariumsp) are surveyed
It is fixed.The measurement of soil nematodes control efficiency uses centrifugal process；The measurement of soil-borne disease fungal pathogens Fusariumsp control efficiency is used
Komada method；Masago method is used to the measurement of phytophthora control efficiency, soil moisture content is measured using oven drying method.
100g pedotheque is weighed when nematode separation determination；Pathogen (phytophthora and Fusariumsp) weighs 15g soil when measuring
Earth sample, Fusariumsp (cfu/g soil) from the 2450-2510 before disinfection be reduced to 10-15, phytophthora (cfu/g soil) from
2998-3100 before disinfection, which is reduced to 70-120, nematode (head/100g soil), becomes 0-3 from 120 before disinfection, it is seen that this hair
The soil disinfection significant effect of bright embodiment（It is especially the most significant with 4 effect of embodiment）, can effective rehabilitating soil, shorten vegetables
It takes turns and ploughs the period, improve yield of vegetables.
Finally it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than the present invention is protected
The limitation of range is protected, although explaining in detail referring to preferred embodiment to the present invention, those skilled in the art are answered
Work as understanding, it can be with modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solution of the present invention are made, without departing from the reality of technical solution of the present invention
Matter and range.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of Vegetable Soil sterilization method, it is characterised in that：It includes the following steps：
Step 1：When planting vegetable, soil is placed in waterproof membrane or substrate grooves, then the soil species in waterproof membrane or substrate grooves
Plant vegetables；
Step 2：Vegetables harvest after, using giant by the soil of planting vegetable from waterproof membrane or substrate grooves spray, make soil
Earth is in doughy state；
Step 3：The soil sprayed is subjected to physical disinfection；
Step 4：Vegetable Soil reducing agent is added in soil after physical disinfection to seal 15-30 days.
2. a kind of Vegetable Soil sterilization method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Between step 2 and step 3 also
Including：Cleaning remains in vegetable root, stem, leaf near soil, crushes after sunning, obtains abandoned vegetable slag.
3. a kind of Vegetable Soil sterilization method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 4 from level to level by soil
It stacks, and sprinkles Vegetable Soil reducing agent in every layer of upper soll layer, cover closed, soil and Vegetable Soil after heap is good with plastic film
It is with the thickness of reducing agent ratio（3-6）：（1-3）.
4. a kind of Vegetable Soil sterilization method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The Vegetable Soil reducing agent
It is (20-30) by weight ratio： (15-20)：(2-5) ：(1-3) ：(1-3) ：The sawdust of (2-5), dregs of beans, diatomite, rice chaff,
Mushroom slag, biomass carbon composition；Either, the Vegetable Soil is for (20-30) by weight ratio with reducing agent： (5-10)：(2-
5) ：(2-5) ：Vinasse, abandoned vegetable slag, humic acid, rice chaff, the mushroom slag composition of (2-5), two different Vegetable Soils are with also
Former agent applies to soil surface in turn.
5. a kind of Vegetable Soil sterilization method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Solar energy is utilized in step 2
Or air energy or steam can be carried out high-temperature sterilization.
6. a kind of Vegetable Soil sterilization method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Make soil before sealing in step 4
Water content is 60%-70% in earth.
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| CN201810879289.7A CN108834461A (en) | 2018-08-03 | 2018-08-03 | A kind of Vegetable Soil sterilization method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112262707A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-01-26 | 湖南省兆祥生态农业科技有限公司 | Planting method of high-quality mulberries |
| CN114621890A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2022-06-14 | 施可丰化工股份有限公司 | Compound microbial agent for adsorbing and removing heavy metal elements in soil and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114621890A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2022-06-14 | 施可丰化工股份有限公司 | Compound microbial agent for adsorbing and removing heavy metal elements in soil and preparation method thereof |
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