CN104744166A - Traditional Chinese medicine type soil microbial continuous cropping agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Traditional Chinese medicine type soil microbial continuous cropping agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine type soil microbial continuous cropping agent which is prepared through two-stage fermentation with beneficial microbes by taking four traditional Chinese medicines as matrixes. The traditional Chinese medicine type soil microbial continuous cropping agent mainly comprises a traditional Chinese medicine type culture medium, bacillus subtilis and trichoderma harzianum which are in a ratio of 40.0:2.0: 1.0, wherein the traditional Chinese medicine type culture medium contains four components with a specified killing or inhibiting effect on harmful germs in soil; the traditional Chinese medicine type culture medium is prepared by the steps of preparing cypress shell, artemisia apiacea, euphorbia helioscopia and dandelion in a ratio of 10:0.3:0.01:0.2; completely drying in the sun; and crushing and sieving with a 1000-mesh sieve. Compared with a chemical agent prevention and control method, the traditional Chinese medicine type soil microbial continuous cropping agent has more thorough germ killing effect; after being applied to soil, the traditional Chinese medicine type soil microbial continuous cropping agent is capable of protecting and synergizing beneficial bacteria in soil while killing pathogenic bacteria and cannot damage a soil structure; since the traditional Chinese medicines are rich in organic matters, the traditional Chinese medicine type soil microbial continuous cropping agent has a soil nourishing and fertilizing comprehensive effect while protecting soil-borne diseases of crops.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of farm crop soil-borne disease green prevention and control field, be specifically related to a kind of Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type soil microorganisms successive planting agent and preparation flow.
Background technology
Food safety is related to national economy, and agricultural chemicals is one of principal element affecting agricultural product security.The control 99% of current farm crop soil-borne disease adopts Agro-chemicals control, and the frequent use of chemical agent, pollutes environment, and along with the drug-fast increase of pathogenic bacterium, prevention effect reduces year by year.In actual production, for the frequent generation of diseases and pests of agronomic crop, physical method control is only relied on to be difficult to ensure the output of crop.Along with China's rural area essential labour power aging aggravation, farm manure rate of utilization reduces year by year, and edatope has aggravated into undisputable fact, and native transmissibility root disease has had a strong impact on the safety in production of farm crop.The a large amount of of various chemical soil fungicides use frequently, while killing part soil probiotics, induce the resistance of native transmissibility pathogenic bacterium, are difficult to the prevention effect of realizing ideal.The utilization ratio of China's mineral manure (chemical fertilizer) only maintains about 20%, along with the accumulation of not available fertilizer (chemical fertilizer) in soil, soil permeability is deteriorated year by year, has occurred acid soil, cause Soil degradation, unfavorable crop growth.Agricultural-food commercial quality is deteriorated simultaneously.
In agriculture production, the producer has laid particular stress on the use of chemical fertilizer, ignores the use of fertilizer, causes soil with organic matter seriously deficient, is unfavorable for the activity of Soil Microorganism and raw animal.The scarcity of soil with organic matter, soil fertilizer and resiliency are all deteriorated, and are difficult to culture fertility.Crop root part disease presented the trend increased the weight of year by year in recent years, the a large amount of frequent of soil fungicides uses, except playing the harmful miscellaneous bacteria of control to except the harm of farm crop, selectivity is not had due to sterilant germicidal action, also killed the probiotics in soil, destroy soil bacterium colony balance, farm crop root system growing environment aggravates simultaneously, the proportional imbalance of input and output, causes agriculture production benefit low.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of sterilization more thoroughly, do not use containing heavy metal, hormone etc. after can not spoiled soil structure, supplement a kind of Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type soil microorganisms successive planting agent to the useful bacterium of soil, fertile ground of increasing soil fertility and preparation flow simultaneously.
The object of the invention is to be realized by following technique means:
A kind of Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type soil microorganisms successive planting agent, be is characterized in that: with four kinds of Chinese medicines for matrix, is formed by biological probiotics Secondary Fermentation; Its composition mainly comprises: Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type substratum, subtilis, trichoderma harzianum, and its proportioning is: 40.0:2.0:1.0.
Containing four kinds of compositions that there is obligatory type and kill or suppress harmful bacteria in soil in described Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type substratum; Described Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type substratum is: cypress shell, sweet wormwood, wartwort, taraxacum, and its proportioning is 10:0.3:0.01:0.2, after abundant dryness in the sun, pulverizes, and is 1000 object screen clothes by fineness.
Described subtilis and trichoderma harzianum probiotics content are respectively: 10,000,000,000/gram, 5,000,000,000/gram.
Described Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type moisture content in medium is: 70%---75%.
Preparation technology's flow process of Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type soil microorganisms successive planting agent, its concrete steps are:
(1) selection of Chinese medicine and ratio,
Four kinds of Chinese medicines selected by the present invention are respectively: cypress shell, sweet wormwood, wartwort, taraxacum, and its ratio is 10:0.3:0.01:0.2, and starting material are placed on air seasoning cool place place after gathering is air-dry for subsequent use;
(2) pulverizing of Chinese medicinal materials,
All fermentations are all carried out in the proving room in air seasoning cool place, carefully must pick before using, reject the rotten individuality that goes rotten, after good according to the proportions shown in step one, utilize fineness to be that 1000 order pulverizers are pulverized, after pulverizing, enter aseptic proving room gradation fermentation immediately;
(3) first time fermentation,
Adopt ultraviolet virus killing process before aseptic proving room uses, must carry out disinfection before staff enters; First time fermentation adopts thermophile bacteria---subtilis, the usage ratio of bacterial content 10,000,000,000/g and raw material is 10:0.2, mix after all mixing thoroughly and add pollution-free clean well water, material-water ratio example is 10:7, high 40-the 43cm of stockpile, wide 1.2-1.5m, length is determined according to proving room length, stockpile and proving room body of wall distance are not less than 1.5m, and the distance between stockpile is 1.0m; Entirely pile covering with the tarpaulin that permeability is good after heap is good, when top 8-10cm expects that powder presents brownish black and starts turning, continue fermentation according to original accumulation standard and step after turning over, till raw material presents black, be decided to be fermentation material;
(4) second time fermentation,
After first time fermentation, raw material is spread out, thickness is 3-5cm heat radiation, carry out second time when temperature is consistent with room temperature to ferment, second time leavening temperature no longer raises, bacterial classification used is Trichodermaharzianum Rifai bacterium, and the ratio of fermentation material and Trichodermaharzianum Rifai bacterium is: 25:0.1, and object allows can to suppress to harm the crops the Trichodermaharzianum Rifai bacterium Fast-propagation of root disease; The moisture content of fermentation material is 60-65%, and temperature is under 25-28 DEG C of environment, and fermentation time is 20 days, namely just can see that namely Trichoderma mycelia completes second time fermentation with 10 times of object lens under an optical microscope, be finished product;
(5) pack
Aseptically must complete pack, usedly be packaged as the good aluminium foil bag of performance of keeping humidity; Before pack, finished product water content is 30%, must not more than 35%; Take vacuum packaging, the cool place place being placed on air seasoning preserves.
The present invention has following characteristics compared with currently used Agro-chemicals control measure: (1) sterilization is more thorough, invention formulation is except sterilization comprehensively acts on, owing to being rich in soil probiotics, probiotics has erect-position effect in soil, suppress the breeding breeding of pathogenic bacterium in soil, reduce the activity of pathogenic bacterium.(2) invention formulation concentrates medicine, microorganism in one, while killing pathogenic bacterium again after being manured into soil to probiotics in soil as: subtilis has protection and synergism.(3) invention formulation can not spoiled soil structure after not using containing heavy metal, hormone etc., because Chinese medicine itself is rich in organic matter, while control crop soil-borne disease, has the net effect on fertile ground of increasing soil fertility.(4) the present invention raw materials used for cypress shell and sesame oil slag be substratum, organic content is high, actinomycetes, Trichoderma easily breed, moreover tool to kill in soil insect as wireworm, cutworm, and to southern facilities vegetable field intractable insect---the worm's ovum of root knot nematode has killing action.(5) the present invention is biological active bacteria formulation, under certain humidity, temperature condition, obtained by the fermentation of 3-6 month, except there are all advantages of similar product, also have and evade soil pests, supplement the soil organism, improve soil physical and chemical property, increase the particular advantages such as soil permeability.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail:
A kind of Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type soil microorganisms successive planting agent, be is characterized in that: with four kinds of Chinese medicines for matrix, is formed by biological probiotics Secondary Fermentation; Its composition mainly comprises: Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type substratum, subtilis, trichoderma harzianum, and its proportioning is: 40.0:2.0:1.0.
Containing four kinds of compositions that there is obligatory type and kill or suppress harmful bacteria in soil in described Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type substratum; Described Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type substratum is: cypress shell, sweet wormwood, wartwort, taraxacum, and its proportioning is 10:0.3:0.01:0.2, after abundant dryness in the sun, pulverizes, and is 1000 object screen clothes by fineness.
Described subtilis and trichoderma harzianum probiotics content are respectively: 10,000,000,000/gram, 5,000,000,000/gram.
Described Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type moisture content in medium is: 70%---75%.
Preparation technology's flow process of Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type soil microorganisms successive planting agent, its concrete steps are:
(1) selection of Chinese medicine and ratio,
Four kinds of Chinese medicines selected by the present invention are respectively: cypress shell, sweet wormwood, wartwort, taraxacum, and its ratio is 10:0.3:0.01:0.2, and starting material are placed on air seasoning cool place place after gathering is air-dry for subsequent use;
(2) pulverizing of Chinese medicinal materials,
All fermentations are all carried out in the proving room in air seasoning cool place, carefully must pick before using, reject the rotten individuality that goes rotten, after good according to the proportions shown in step one, utilize fineness to be that 1000 order pulverizers are pulverized, after pulverizing, enter aseptic proving room gradation fermentation immediately;
(3) first time fermentation,
Adopt ultraviolet virus killing process before aseptic proving room uses, must carry out disinfection before staff enters; First time fermentation adopts thermophile bacteria---subtilis, the usage ratio of bacterial content 10,000,000,000/g and raw material is 10:0.2, mix after all mixing thoroughly and add pollution-free clean well water, material-water ratio example is 10:7, high 40-the 43cm of stockpile, wide 1.2-1.5m, length is determined according to proving room length, stockpile and proving room body of wall distance are not less than 1.5m, and the distance between stockpile is 1.0m; Entirely pile covering with the tarpaulin that permeability is good after heap is good, when top 8-10cm expects that powder presents brownish black and starts turning, continue fermentation according to original accumulation standard and step after turning over, till raw material presents black, be decided to be fermentation material;
(4) second time fermentation,
After first time fermentation, raw material is spread out, thickness is 3-5cm heat radiation, carry out second time when temperature is consistent with room temperature to ferment, second time leavening temperature no longer raises, bacterial classification used is Trichodermaharzianum Rifai bacterium, and the ratio of fermentation material and Trichodermaharzianum Rifai bacterium is: 25:0.1, and object allows can to suppress to harm the crops the Trichodermaharzianum Rifai bacterium Fast-propagation of root disease; The moisture content of fermentation material is 60-65%, and temperature is under 25-28 DEG C of environment, and fermentation time is 20 days, namely just can see that namely Trichoderma mycelia completes second time fermentation with 10 times of object lens under an optical microscope, be finished product;
(5) pack
Aseptically must complete pack, usedly be packaged as the good aluminium foil bag of performance of keeping humidity; Before pack, finished product water content is 30%, must not more than 35%; Take vacuum packaging, the cool place place being placed on air seasoning preserves.
Precaution in preparation flow of the present invention:
1, the present invention is Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type soil microorganisms successive planting agent, microorganism exposes in the sun for a long time, active reduction, according to this characteristic, in process of production, must sun less than indoor carry out, be strict with the water content of substratum, water content is too high, and not only fermenting speed is slow, and very easily occur that substratum becomes " pimple " shape, affect the quality of Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type soil microorganisms successive planting agent.
2, biologic live bacteria fermentation needs certain temperature, room temperature is slow lower than 15 DEG C of fermentations, need 15---20d to carry out first time turning during the fermentation, in media surface, second time turning should occur that white hypha carries out turning, continuous turning, until substratum becomes chocolate, water content is 50%, and room temperature is at 15---30 DEG C, and turning should suitably be shortened interval time, be covered with white hypha for mark with media surface, carry out turning.
3, contriver finds, product shortcoming causes due to following reason: (1) miscellaneous bacteria is grown, maggot, (3) substratum caking appear in (2).Solution is as follows:
(1) miscellaneous bacteria is grown is make moist because substratum adds the large or duration of storage of water content in man-hour, causes raw material humidity large, causes miscellaneous bacteria and grow.Preventive measures: selected raw material, humidity, scarcely more than 15%, is being housed in dry place.As found, substratum makes moist, and must put and be exposed to the sun in the sun more than 3 days.Use 800-1000 times of potassium permanganate solutions to spray one time if desired, after spray, airing re-used after 3 days.
(2) appearance of chewing worm is because bio-bacterial manure during the fermentation, caused by temperature height fly lays eggs on surface, carries out bio-bacterial manure production in the season that temperature is high, can prevent and treat if desired with 40% Chlorpyrifos 94 EC2000 times of liquid spraying.
(3) reason of substratum caking is in spice process, caused by moisture use is uneven, in process of production, notices that moisture uses evenly, in turning process, finds caking phenomenon, pulverize in time.
Benefit of the present invention is specifically also embodied in:
This Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type soil microorganisms successive planting agent is using high-quality herbal medicine---and cypress shell is that main raw material is as matrix and actinomycetes, after Trichoderma mixes, formed with top fermentation by three months, cypress shell is containing Common Amentotaxus two yellow (amentoflavone), monomethyl Tridemethylsciadopitysin (monomethylamentoflavone), hinokiflavone (hi-nokiflavone), 7 "-monomethyl hinokiflavone (7 "-monomethylhinokifla-vone), cypress biflavone (cupressuflavone) and derivative thereof, phoeophytin (pheophytin) a, 10S and 10R-hydroxyl phoeophorbin two (methylpheophorbide) a, the main components such as funebrene (α-funebrene).
Cypress shell organic content is more than 90%, be rich in the medium trace element such as calcium, magnesium, iron, molybdenum, copper simultaneously and there is expelling parasite, keep away the sesame oil slag of worm function in certain proportion by after biological fermentation, insoluble protein, become the amino acid promoting plant growth.Actinomycetes, Trichoderma through with cypress shell and sesame oil slag for culture medium culturing, form the high-quality bio-bacterial manure of being rich in organic matter.Pine and cypress matrix bacterial manure is not only containing balanced soil bacterium colony, the actinomycetes suppressing harmful bacteria to grow, Trichoderma, and this bacterial manure is rich in organic matter, heavy metals in soil can be adsorbed, promote crop root growth, prevent the early ageing of plant growth later stage, evade subterranean pest-insect as causing harm to crop such as cutworm, wireworm, root knot nematodes.
The present invention has the Chinese medicine of sterilizing function for raw material with multiple, by scientific matching, utilizes soil probiotics Secondary Fermentation to form after pulverizing completely.Said preparation, while prevention and control harm the crops soil-borne disease, reaches environment (atmospheric environment, edatope) friendly, the object of green prevention and control.Said preparation weak point, the production cycle is long, requires strict to production environment.
Utilize several Chinese medicine sterilizing function, science is composite, reaches the object killing pathogenic bacterium in soil (fungi, bacterium).Chinese medicine preparation is rich in organic matter (more than 30%) while control soil-borne disease, plays raising soil organic matter content, improves Soil structure, strengthens the object of farm crop comprehensive resistance.Utilize the Chinese medicine with germicidal action: cypress shell, sweet wormwood, wartwort, taraxacum carry out aseptic Secondary Fermentation after pulverizing according to certain ratio.In strict accordance with aseptic technique code in fermenting process and wrapping process, prevent living contaminants, affect sterilization effect.
Chinese medicine selected by the present invention all has germicidal action, biological probiotics first time is utilized to adopt thermophile bacteria fermentation, make every effort to selected middle the effective elements of the medicine in an environment of high temperature better discharged, second time fermentation adopts Trichodermaharzianum Rifai bacterium, with first time the Chinese medicine that ferments for matrix, allow Trichodermaharzianum Rifai bacterium Fast-propagation.Said preparation become sterilization with the antibacterial organic combination of bacterium.
Result of use of the present invention is illustrated below in conjunction with three embodiments.In these embodiments, unless otherwise, described part and per-cent are by weight.
Embodiment 1
Fermentation is carried out standby in indoor, room temperature is at 5---15 DEG C, by cypress shell, after sesame oil slag dries, pulverize, be the screen cloth of 800um by fineness, mix with the ratio of 2.5:1.0 and all mix thoroughly, with the ratio every gram of 20:1 containing 200,000,000 actinomycetes, every gram is added containing 200,000,000 Trichodermas with 40:1.0 ratio, fully mix with substratum and all mix thoroughly, add clear water, mix evenly, water content is 70-75%, stack up, upper covered rearing with plastic film, plastics film covers with lighttight straw mat or felt, find that media surface occurs that white mould layer carries out turning, turn over rear repetition aforesaid operations, until substratum presents chocolate, i.e. cost product.
Embodiment 2 (contrast)
Method is by the carrying out in embodiment 1, but room temperature is fermented at 15---30 DEG C, except turning time shorten, observe at any time, and whether substratum has fly to occur, prevents and treats in time with nonpersistent pesticide.
Embodiment 3:
Method is undertaken by case study on implementation 1, but in heliogreenhouse, carries out biological fermentation in season in midwinter, heliogreenhouse top must with straw mat or felt airtight, prevent directing light from directly impinging upon on fermentation heap.Leaking informaton every day can not lower than 1.0h.
Go on to say below in conjunction with the application test of this Chinese medicine soil successive planting agent on facilities vegetable:
This Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type soil microorganisms successive planting agent with four kinds of Chinese medicines (cypress shell, sweet wormwood, wartwort, taraxacum) under the effect of soil probiotics by the noresidue sterilization traditional Chinese biological preparation thoroughly of Secondary Fermentation.Carry out application test to 2011 on Zhou Cheng, Shandong, Qihe, Lan Ling and other places, verified that this product is to soil-borne disease prevention effect.
1, test materials and method
1.1 test materials
Process A: Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type soil microorganisms successive planting agent, treatments B: 80% thiram wettable powder, process C:80% carbendazol wettable powder, contrast (CK) sprays clear water.Trial crops is respectively: heliogreenhouse capsicum, Tomato in Greenhouse.
1.2 test sites and basic condition experimental field
Field test carried out this test in continuous 3 years respectively in 2011,2012,2013 on tomato field, what triumph daylight Hot Pepper in Greenhouse of Ming Jia village, Xuan Zhangtun town, Qihe County are survived the winter in peaceful Liu Xiping, tomato in greenhouse base, Apricot Line Village, town, Zoucheng City of Shandong Province on same soil.
Long 73 meters of Liu Xiping heliogreenhouse, wide 8.2 meters, aisle is wide 0.85 meter, and cultivated area is 540.2 square metres, and the tomato that survives the winter is planted in continuous 8 years in this greenhouse, and every 667 square metres of field planting 2800 strains, within 2010, root rot sickness rate reaches 23.4%.All adopted chemical agent to prevent and treat before 2011, cause the pathogenic bacterium of tomato root maize ear rot to strengthen along with to the adaptability of soil fungicides, prevention effect reduces year by year.Root rot has become one of Major Diseases of serious harm tomato production.
What long 78 meters of triumph heliogreenhouse of planting, wide 8.3 meters, the wide 1.0 meters of cultivated areas 569.4 meters in aisle, the capsicum that survives the winter is planted 3 years continuously, and every 667 square metres of field planting 4000 caves, every cave 2 strain, wherein Fusarium solani sickness rate in 2010 is up to 34.7%.
1.3 test method
Experimental plot area is 10 square metres, the strain of plantation tomato 42, capsicum 60 cave, and random alignment, repeats, not use the blank community of any medicament in contrast for three times.Experimental plot root rot does not all take chemical control.Process A prevents multiple 500 times of liquid, treatment multiple 300 times of liquid, and other process use multiple according to product indicia, and treatments B prevents 600 times of liquid, treats 400 times of liquid, and process C prevents 800 times of liquid, treats 600 times of liquid.Spray date field planting prevents once after delaying seedling, and find that diseased plant prevents and treats in time, 7 days once, continuously control 3 times.Contrast (CK) sprays clear water.Prevent and prevent and treat latter 3 days experimental plot crops to occur that namely wilting phenomenon locates morbidity in continuous three days.Count sickness rate.Sickness rate method of calculation: disease plant/investigate total strain number * 100%.Prevention effect method of calculation: 100% deducts sickness rate.
1.4 data survey
Tomato occurs that root rot endangers from squaring period of blooming, and capsicum starts morbidity when expanding to green pepper, institute an inquiry incidence from period of disease.Refer to table 1, table 2, table 3.
Table 1 root rot sickness rate (unit: %) in 2011
Each process is compared low by 19.4% to root rot sickness rate for process A tomato 4.0% contrasts on year-on-year basis as seen from Table 1, preventive effect 96.0%, capsicum 5.5% contrasts 34.7% low by 29.2% on year-on-year basis, preventive effect 94.5%, treatments B tomato 10.9% comparatively contrasts 23.4% low by 12.5%, preventive effect 89.1%, capsicum 12.3% comparatively contrasts 34.7% low 22.4% preventive effect 87.7%, comparatively contrast 23.4% is low by 11.1% for process C tomato 16.3%, and preventive effect 83.7%, capsicum 18.4% comparatively contrasts 34.7% low 16.3% preventive effect 81.6%
This shows that three process are compared with the control to root rot prevention effect process A> treatments B > process C.
Table 2 root rot sickness rate (unit: %) in 2012
Root rot sickness rate process A as seen from Table 2: tomato is 3.6%, contrast 24.8% low by 21.2% on year-on-year basis, prevention effect is 96.4%, and capsicum 5.3% contrasts 35.1% low by 29.8% on year-on-year basis.Prevention effect 94.7%.Treatments B: tomato 11.1% contrasts 24.8% low by 13.7% on year-on-year basis, prevention effect is 88.9%, capsicum 12.4% contrasts 35.1% low by 22.7% on year-on-year basis, prevention effect 87.6%, process C: tomato 17.0% contrasts 24.8% low by 7.8% on year-on-year basis, prevention effect 83%, capsicum 19.4% contrasts 35.1% low by 15.7% on year-on-year basis, prevention effect 80.6%, this shows that three process are compared with the control to root rot prevention effect process A> treatments B > process C.
Table 3 root rot sickness rate (unit: %) in 2013
Root rot sickness rate process A as seen from Table 3: tomato is 3.2%, contrast 25.5% is low by 22.3% on year-on-year basis, prevention effect 96.8%, capsicum 4.9% contrasts 35.5% low by 30.6% on year-on-year basis, prevention effect 95.1% treatments B: tomato 11.2% contrasts 25.5% low by 14.3% on year-on-year basis, prevention effect 88.8%, capsicum 12.6% contrasts 35.5% low by 22.9% on year-on-year basis, prevention effect 87.4%.Process C: tomato 17.5% contrasts 25.5% low by 8.0% on year-on-year basis, preventive effect 82.5%, capsicum 20.1% contrasts 35.5% low by 15.4% on year-on-year basis, prevention effect 79.9%, this shows that three process are compared with the control to root rot prevention effect process A> treatments B > process C.
2, results and analysis
Find out from the result of fixed point investigation in continuous 3 years: all process, process A is all better than other process to the prevention effect of root rot in continuous 3 years on Tomato in Greenhouse, capsicum, process A presents cumulative year after year state, tomato by 2011 96.0% be incremented to 2013 96.8%, three annual preventive effects 96.4%, capsicum by 2011 94.5% be incremented to the 95.1% 3 annual preventive effect 94.8% of 2013.Treatments B tomato, by 88.8% in 2011 89.1% to 2013 years, presents depletion stage year by year, three annual preventive effects 88.9%, 87.7% to 2013 years of capsicum 2010 87.4% present decrement states, three annual preventive effects 87.5%.C is from statistic data in process, and prevention effect presents decrement states, and tomato was by 82.5%, the three annual preventive effects 83.1% of 83.7% to 2013 years of 2011, and capsicum was by 79.9%, the three annual preventive effects 80.7% of 81.6% to 2013 years of 2011.Process A presents the reason increasing progressively state to tomato, Fusarium solani prevention effect is, while utilizing Chinese medicine to kill to cause harm tomato, capsicum root pathogenic bacterium, improve the content of soil probiotics, play the net effect of bactericidal, the chemical bactericide that treatments B, process C adopt is owing to using year after year, the while of have stimulated pathogenic bacterium drug-fast, due to the non-selectivity of sterilization effect, while killing pathogenic bacterium, also inhibits the activity of soil probiotics, prevention effect reduces the universal law meeting the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control year by year.
3, discuss
Facilities vegetable disease particularly soil-borne disease is one of the principal element affecting Vegetable produce safety, edible safety, owing to using chemical bactericide year after year, pathogenic bacterium create resistance, simultaneously, pesticide residual contamination ecotope, have impact on the edible safety of vegetables.Exploring Chinese medicine, biological control crop pest, is guarantee one of eucyclic key measures of Agro-ecology.By the test Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type soil microorganisms successive planting agent of 3 years, not only good to the root rot prevention effect that tested crop tomato, capsicum are common, and have environmentally friendly, not easily produce the overall merits such as resistance, be worth spread.
In a word, the invention provides a kind of sterilization more thoroughly, do not use containing heavy metal, hormone etc. after can not spoiled soil structure, supplement a kind of Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type soil microorganisms successive planting agent to the useful bacterium of soil, fertile ground of increasing soil fertility and preparation flow simultaneously.The above; be only a part of embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the change that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type soil microorganisms successive planting agent, is characterized in that: with four kinds of Chinese medicines for matrix, is formed by biological probiotics Secondary Fermentation; Its composition mainly comprises: Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type substratum, subtilis, trichoderma harzianum, and its proportioning is: 40.0:2.0:1.0.
2. a kind of Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type soil microorganisms successive planting agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that: containing four kinds of compositions having obligatory type and kill or suppress harmful bacteria in soil in described Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type substratum; Described Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type substratum is: cypress shell, sweet wormwood, wartwort, taraxacum, and its proportioning is 10:0.3:0.01:0.2, after abundant dryness in the sun, pulverizes, and is 1000 object screen clothes by fineness.
3. a kind of Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type soil microorganisms successive planting agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described subtilis and trichoderma harzianum probiotics content are respectively: 10,000,000,000/gram, 5,000,000,000/gram.
4. a kind of Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type soil microorganisms successive planting agent according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type moisture content in medium is: 70%---75%.
5. preparation technology's flow process of a kind of Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type soil microorganisms successive planting agent according to claim 1, its concrete steps are:
(1) selection of Chinese medicine and ratio,
Four kinds of Chinese medicines selected by the present invention are respectively: cypress shell, sweet wormwood, wartwort, taraxacum, and its ratio is 10:0.3:0.01:0.2, and starting material are placed on air seasoning cool place place after gathering is air-dry for subsequent use;
(2) pulverizing of Chinese medicinal materials,
All fermentations are all carried out in the proving room in air seasoning cool place, carefully must pick before using, reject the rotten individuality that goes rotten, after good according to the proportions shown in step one, utilize fineness to be that 1000 order pulverizers are pulverized, after pulverizing, enter aseptic proving room gradation fermentation immediately;
(3) first time fermentation,
Adopt ultraviolet virus killing process before aseptic proving room uses, must carry out disinfection before staff enters; First time fermentation adopts thermophile bacteria---subtilis, the usage ratio of bacterial content 10,000,000,000/g and raw material is 10:0.2, mix after all mixing thoroughly and add pollution-free clean well water, material-water ratio example is 10:7, high 40-the 43cm of stockpile, wide 1.2-1.5m, length is determined according to proving room length, stockpile and proving room body of wall distance are not less than 1.5m, and the distance between stockpile is 1.0m; Entirely pile covering with the tarpaulin that permeability is good after heap is good, when top 8-10cm expects that powder presents brownish black and starts turning, continue fermentation according to original accumulation standard and step after turning over, till raw material presents black, be decided to be fermentation material;
(4) second time fermentation,
After first time fermentation, raw material is spread out, thickness is 3-5cm heat radiation, carry out second time when temperature is consistent with room temperature to ferment, second time leavening temperature no longer raises, bacterial classification used is Trichodermaharzianum Rifai bacterium, and the ratio of fermentation material and Trichodermaharzianum Rifai bacterium is: 25:0.1, and object allows can to suppress to harm the crops the Trichodermaharzianum Rifai bacterium Fast-propagation of root disease; The moisture content of fermentation material is 60-65%, and temperature is under 25-28 DEG C of environment, and fermentation time is 20 days, namely just can see that namely Trichoderma mycelia completes second time fermentation with 10 times of object lens under an optical microscope, be finished product;
(5) pack
Aseptically must complete pack, usedly be packaged as the good aluminium foil bag of performance of keeping humidity; Before pack, finished product water content is 30%, must not more than 35%; Take vacuum packaging, the cool place place being placed on air seasoning preserves.
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| CN109169129A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-01-11 | 吉林冠州生物科技有限公司 | Prolong the cultural method that the red oil of Region In Yanbian phoenix uses tree peony |
| CN111727807A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-10-02 | 薛力云 | Continuous cropping pretreatment method for bamboo fungus |
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