CN112438172A - Cultivation method of high-quality medium-sized tobacco - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method of high-quality medium-sized tobacco, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting. Culturing the tobacco according to the cultivation method of the application, wherein 82% of the tobacco in the mature period accords with the growth phase of the medium-sized tobacco; after the medium-sized tobacco is cured, the economic character, the appearance quality, the chemical components and the sensory quality of the cured tobacco are obviously improved compared with other long-phase tobacco.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting, and particularly relates to a management method of high-quality medium-sized tobacco.
Background
The medium-sized tobacco is not a tobacco variety or type, but a name for describing the field growth condition of tobacco plants, namely high-quality growth phase, and 3 main characteristics of uniform field growth of the tobacco plants, uniform yellowing of tobacco leaves and coordinated yield and quality are provided. Regarding the appearance shape of the tobacco plant, the length of the middle tobacco is uniform, the plant shape after topping is barrel-shaped or waist drum-shaped, the tobacco leaves are layered and yellow, and the tobacco leaves are in a yellow, bright and soft state; the tobacco leaf has high potassium content, low nitrogen content, high quality of aroma and quality of aroma, and is suitable for the cigarette industry.
The term "long-term phase of flue-cured tobacco maturity" refers to the morphological, spatial arrangement characteristics and interaction of various traits of the tobacco plant during the maturity period, such as plant height, stem circumference, pitch, effective leaf number and leaf size. Wherein, the plant height in the mature period is used as one of important indexes of the agronomic characters of the tobacco, and the plant height is set after the topping period, so that the growth phase of the tobacco plant is visually reflected. The ideal tobacco plant growth phase can reasonably and fully utilize space and illumination, promote the coordinated growth of the tobacco plant source and the reservoir, coordinate the conversion of the chemical components of the tobacco leaves, and lay a good foundation for the baking of the fresh tobacco leaves. As an important economic crop, the tobacco leaves are not only nutritive organs but also harvesting and utilizing organs, so that the mature period of the flue-cured tobacco is very long relative to the yield and quality of the tobacco leaves.
The growth phase of the tobacco mature period is related to varieties and also has a certain relation with planting methods, so how to provide a cultivation method of high-quality medium-quality tobacco is a problem to be solved in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a cultivation method of high-quality medium-sized tobacco, wherein 80% of planted tobacco can reach the medium-sized tobacco.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
1. a method for cultivating high-quality medium-sized tobacco plants, comprising:
1) deep ploughing of tobacco field: deep plowing is carried out before the bottom of 12 months, and the plowing depth is not less than 25 cm;
2) tobacco leaf press green: pressing green before 3 months to a depth of 10-20 cm;
preferably, the green pressing crops mainly comprise rape, wheat and arrowed peas;
3) ditching and ridging: before transplanting, firstly opening a middle ditch and a side ditch, and then ridging, wherein the depth of the middle ditch is not less than 50cm, the width of the middle ditch is not less than 40cm, the depth of the side ditch is not less than 40cm, and the width of the side ditch is not less than 30 cm; the height of the ridge is not less than 35cm, the height of the sloping field or the soil tobacco ridge is not less than 30cm, the width of the bottom of the ridge is 70-80cm, and the width of the surface of the ridge is 25-30 cm; applying base fertilizer, organic fertilizer and fermented oil cake during the rising;
preferably, the ditching field is a field tobacco or flat tobacco field;
preferably, the depth of the strip fertilizer is 15-20 cm;
preferably, the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio of the special base fertilizer is 9: 10: 27;
preferably, the single plant dosage of the special base fertilizer is 45-55 g;
preferably, the dosage of the organic fertilizer is 40-60 kg/mu;
preferably, the dosage of the organic fertilizer is 50 kg/mu;
preferably, the dosage of the fermented oil cake is 10-20 kg/mu;
preferably, the dosage of the fermented oil cake is 15 kg/mu;
4) transplanting seedlings: selecting seedlings with the seedling age of 45-50 days, stem circumference of 1.2-1.7cm, stem height of 4-5cm, leaf number of 5-6, green leaf color, strong root and developed lateral root from 10 days at 4 months to 28 days at 4 months; the planting row spacing of the tobacco field is 100-120cm, and the planting spacing is 47-58 cm; applying seedling-extracting fertilizer in rooting water, wherein the dosage of a single plant is 2-4 g; after the seedlings are transplanted, thoroughly watering the root fixing water at one time;
preferably, after the seedlings are transplanted, the water content of the soil is controlled to be more than 65%;
preferably, the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio of the seedling-raising fertilizer is 22: 14: 10;
preferably, the concentration of the seedling raising fertilizer is not more than 1%;
preferably, the seedling variety is Yunyan 87, Yunyan 85 or GZ 36;
5) topdressing: applying additional fertilizer 15-25 days after transplanting, wherein the dosage of each plant is 8-10 g;
preferably, the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio of the additional fertilizer is 14: 19: 20;
6) surface protection: after transplanting is completed and 40 days after transplanting, the water content of the soil is controlled to be 55-65%, and the overground part of the seedling is subjected to light transmission and sealing treatment;
preferably, more than 1100 plants are planted in each mu of moderate and upper tobacco fields, and more than 1200 plants are planted in each mu of moderate and lower tobacco fields;
7) and (3) structure finishing: 40-50 days after transplanting;
treating the lower fresh tobacco leaves: 5 to 7 pieces of the fresh tobacco leaves at the lower part of the dysplasia are removed,
treating upper fresh tobacco leaves: removing the upper tobacco leaves which are dysplasia, insufficient in cutting, too thick and stiff in leaves, difficult to bake, easy to hang ash and less than 40cm in length;
preferably, in the lower fresh tobacco leaf treatment step: the lower 5 sheets are required to be handled;
preferably, in the upper fresh tobacco leaf treatment step: the upper 2 top leaves are required to be processed;
8) topping and leaf retention: after transplanting, 55-60 days, topping, and leaving 18-22 leaves;
preferably, the specific topping time is when 50% of the first central flowers of the whole field are opened;
preferably, the bud is inhibited by using the bud inhibitor within 24 hours after topping, and tobacco buds with the length of more than 3cm are removed before the bud inhibitor is used;
9) harvesting: in the mature period, the tobacco with the plant height of 105-113cm, the stem circumference of 9.5-11cm, the pitch of 5.5-5.8cm, the number of leaves of 17-20, the length of the waist leaf of 70-77cm and the width of the waist leaf of 31-33cm is selected for collection.
In conclusion, the invention discloses a cultivation method of high-quality medium-sized tobacco, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting. Culturing the tobacco according to the cultivation method of the application, wherein 82% of the tobacco in the mature period accords with the growth phase of the medium-sized tobacco; after the medium-sized tobacco is cured, the economic character, the appearance quality, the chemical components and the sensory quality of the cured tobacco are obviously improved compared with other long-phase tobacco.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The bud inhibitor is purchased from Henan Kangfen Biotech limited; the organic fertilizer is purchased from inner Mongolia Bailing fertilizer industry Co Ltd; fermented oil cake was purchased from local market.
And (3) agronomic trait statistics:
according to the tobacco agronomic character survey measuring method (YC/T142-.
And (3) economic character evaluation:
and (3) grading and weighing 180 cured tobacco plants according to the national standard (GB2635-92) and the Chinese tobacco planting division after each treatment, calculating the economic characters and calculating the production value.
And (3) appearance identification:
the roasted tobacco leaves C3F are selected for each treatment, and the appearance quality is identified according to the national standard (GB2635-92) and the Chinese tobacco planting division.
Detection of main chemical components:
the roasted tobacco leaves C3F are selected for each treatment to carry out main chemical component assay: starch is prepared by YC/T216-2007 method; the total sugar and reducing sugar adopt a YC/T159-2002 method; the total nitrogen adopts a YC/T161-2002 method; nicotine is prepared by YC/T160-2002; the protein is processed by YC/T249-2008.
Sensory quality evaluation:
after each treatment, the flue-cured tobacco leaves C3F are selected for sensory evaluation, and evaluation is carried out by an evaluation expert of the technical center of Shandong tobacco Limited company according to the flue-cured tobacco quality style characteristic sensory evaluation method YC/T530 + 2015 method.
Example 1
1)1 day 12 months, deeply ploughing the tobacco field, and ploughing by 25 cm;
2) pressing green for rape within 12-15 days after 3 months, wherein the green pressing amount per mu is 1.5, and the depth is 10 cm;
3) and after 20-3 months and 22 days after 3 months, ditching and ridging, firstly ditching a middle ditch and a side ditch, ridging again, wherein the depth of the middle ditch is 50cm, the width of the middle ditch is 40cm, the depth of the side ditch is 40cm, the width of the side ditch is 30cm, the height of the ridge is 35cm, and the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio in strip application during ridging is 9: 10: 27 the single-plant dosage of the base fertilizer is 45g, 40 kg/mu of organic fertilizer and 10 kg/mu of fermented oil cake, and the depth of the strip fertilizer is 15 cm;
4) selecting a seedling of Yunyan 87 variety from 10 days in 4 months to 12 days in 4 months; seedlings with the age of 45 days, the stem circumference of about 1.2-1.7cm, the stem height of 4cm, the number of leaves of 5, green leaf color, strong roots and developed lateral roots; planting in tobacco fields with row spacing of 100cm and plant spacing of 47cm, punching and transplanting, preparing 2g of single plant dosage, 1% of concentration and 22% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio with water: 14: 10, applying the seedling raising fertilizer along with root fixing water, and after transplanting seedlings, thoroughly watering the root fixing water at one time;
5) and 15 days after transplanting, applying 8g of single plant dosage and 14 of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio: 19: 20, topdressing;
6) controlling the water content of the soil to be 55% 35 days after transplanting, and performing film covering treatment on the overground part of the seedling for surface protection;
7) at 40 days post-transplant, structural trimming was performed:
treating the lower fresh tobacco leaves: 5 pieces of the fresh tobacco leaves at the lower part of the dysplasia are removed,
treating upper fresh tobacco leaves: 2 upper tobacco leaves with the length of less than 40cm, which are poor in development, insufficient in cutting, too thick in leaves, stiff, difficult to bake and easy to hang ash are cut;
8) after 55 days of transplanting, topping and reserving leaves, when about 50 percent of first central flowers in the whole field are opened, topping and reserving 18 leaves, within 24 hours after topping, using the bud inhibitor according to the standard dosage of the instruction, and wiping off tobacco buds more than 3cm before using the bud inhibitor;
9) in the mature period, the tobacco with the plant height of 105-113cm, the stem circumference of 9.5-11cm, the pitch of 5.5-5.8cm, the number of leaves of 17-20, the length of the waist leaf of 70-77cm and the width of the waist leaf of 31-33cm is selected for collection.
Example 2
1) Turning the tobacco field deeply for 11 months and 30 days, and turning the plough for 30 cm;
2) pressing green wheat for 3 months and 15 days, wherein the green pressing amount per mu is 2.0 tons, and the depth is 20 cm;
3) 25-3 months and 27 days, ditching and ridging, wherein a middle ditch and a side ditch are firstly dug, and then ridging is carried out, wherein the depth of the middle ditch is 70cm, the width of the middle ditch is 60cm, and the depth of the side ditch is 60cm, and the width of the side ditch is 40 cm; the ridge height is 50cm, the sloping field or the soil tobacco ridge height is 40cm, the ridge bottom width is 80cm, and the ridge surface width is 30 cm; the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio during the rising is 9: 10: 27 the single-plant dosage of the base fertilizer is 55g, the organic fertilizer is 60 kg/mu, the fermented oil cake is 20 kg/mu, and the depth of the strip fertilizer is 20 cm;
4) selecting 85 Yunyan seedlings as the variety from 25 days in 4 months to 28 days in 4 months; seedlings with the age of 50 days, the stem circumference of about 1.2-1.7cm, the stem height of 5cm, the number of leaves of 6, green leaf color, strong roots and developed lateral roots; planting in tobacco fields with row spacing of 120cm and plant spacing of 58cm, punching and transplanting, preparing the single plant with water with the dosage of 4g, the concentration of 1 percent and the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio of 22: 14: 10, applying the seedling raising fertilizer along with root fixing water, and after transplanting seedlings, thoroughly watering the root fixing water at one time;
5) 25 days after transplanting, applying the fertilizer with the single plant dosage of 10g and the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio of 14: 19: 20, topdressing;
6) controlling the water content of the soil to 65% 35 days after transplanting, and performing film covering treatment on the overground part of the seedling for surface protection;
7) at 50 days after transplantation, structural trimming was performed:
treating the lower fresh tobacco leaves: 7 pieces of the fresh tobacco leaves at the lower part of the dysplasia are removed,
treating upper fresh tobacco leaves: 3 pieces of upper tobacco leaves which are dysplasia, insufficient in cutting, too thick in leaves, stiff, difficult to bake, easy to hang ash and less than 40cm in length are knocked out;
8) 60 days after transplanting, topping and reserving leaves, topping when about 50% of first central flowers in the whole field are opened, reserving 22 leaves, using the bud inhibitor according to the standard dosage of the instruction within 24 hours after topping, and wiping off tobacco buds more than 3cm before using the bud inhibitor;
9) in the mature period, the tobacco with the plant height of 105-113cm, the stem circumference of 9.5-11cm, the pitch of 5.5-5.8cm, the number of leaves of 17-20, the length of the waist leaf of 70-77cm and the width of the waist leaf of 31-33cm is selected for collection.
Example 3
1) 3 days after 12 months, deeply ploughing the tobacco field, wherein the ploughing depth is not less than 25 cm;
2) pressing green of the vetch with the weight of 1.5 tons per mu and the depth of 15cm is carried out for 14 days in 3 months to 17 days in 3 months;
3) after 20-3 months and 24 days after 3 months, ditching and ridging, firstly ditching a middle ditch and a side ditch, and then ridging, wherein the depth of the middle ditch is 55cm, the width of the middle ditch is 45cm, the depth of the side ditch is 50cm, the width of the side ditch is 40cm, the height of the ridge is 40cm, the height of a sloping field or a soil tobacco ridge is 40cm, the width of the bottom of the ridge is 75cm, and the width of the surface of the ridge is 18 cm; the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio during the rising is 9: 10: 27, the single-plant dosage of the base fertilizer is 50g, the organic fertilizer is 50 kg/mu, the fermented oil cake is 15 kg/mu, and the depth of the strip fertilizer is 17 cm;
4) selecting seedlings with the variety GZ36 from 19 days in 4 months to 22 days in 4 months; seedlings with age of 45-50 days, stem circumference of about 1.5cm, stem height of 4.5cm, leaf number of 5, green leaf color, strong root and developed lateral root; planting tobacco fields with row spacing of 110cm and plant spacing of 53cm, punching and transplanting, preparing 3g of single plant dosage, 1% of concentration and 22% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio by using water: 14: 10, applying the seedling raising fertilizer along with root fixing water, and after transplanting seedlings, thoroughly watering the root fixing water at one time;
5) 20 days after transplanting, applying 9g of single plant dosage and 14 of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio: 19: 20, topdressing;
6) controlling the water content of the soil to be 60% 35 days after transplanting, and performing film covering treatment on the overground part of the seedling for surface protection;
7) at 45 days post-transplant, structural trimming was performed:
treating the lower fresh tobacco leaves: removing 6 pieces of the fresh tobacco leaves at the lower part of the dysplasia,
treating upper fresh tobacco leaves: 3 pieces of upper tobacco leaves which are dysplasia, insufficient in cutting, too thick in leaves, stiff, difficult to bake, easy to hang ash and less than 40cm in length are knocked out;
8) carrying out topping and leaf retention 58 days after transplanting, carrying out topping when about 50% of first central flowers in the whole field are opened, retaining 20 leaves, using the bud inhibitor according to the standard dosage of the specification within 24 hours after topping, and wiping off tobacco buds more than 3cm before using the bud inhibitor;
9) in the mature period, the tobacco with the plant height of 105-113cm, the stem circumference of 9.5-11cm, the pitch of 5.5-5.8cm, the number of leaves of 17-20, the length of the waist leaf of 70-77cm and the width of the waist leaf of 31-33cm is selected for collection.
Example 4
In the lower leaf maturity stage, the agronomic characters of the tobacco fields in the examples 1 to 3 are counted, the plant height, the stem circumference, the pitch, the number of leaves left, the length of the waist leaves and the width of the waist leaves are counted, and according to the statistics, 3293 tobacco in the maturity stage of the example 1 is counted by the method, wherein 2716 tobacco meets the standard of middle-plant tobacco (the plant height is 105-113cm, the stem circumference is 9.5-11cm, the pitch is 5.5-5.8cm, the number of leaves left is 17-20, the length of the waist leaves is 70-77cm, the width of the waist leaves is 31-33cm), and the standard reaching rate is up to 82%; 3429 tobacco plants in the mature period of the tobacco plants in the example 2 are counted, wherein 2916 tobacco plants meet the standard of middle tobacco plants (the plant height is 105-113cm, the stem circumference is 9.5-11cm, the pitch is 5.5-5.8cm, the number of leaves is 17-20, the length of the waist leaf is 70-77cm, the width of the waist leaf is 31-33cm), and the standard reaching rate is up to 85 percent; 2918 tobaccos in the mature period of the tobaccos in example 1 are counted, wherein 2363 tobaccos meet the standard of middle tobacco (the plant height is 105-113cm, the stem circumference is 9.5-11cm, the pitch is 5.5-5.8cm, the number of leaves is 17-20, the length of the waist leaf is 70-77cm, the width of the waist leaf is 31-33cm), and the standard reaching rate is up to 81 percent; from a biological point of view, the three culture methods are not statistically different, and the tobaccos planted in examples 1-3 are classified into three types according to the above agronomic traits: t1: relative growth phase of "middle-sized tobacco" is thin and small, T2: meets the long phase of 'middle-sized tobacco', T3: the growth phase is larger than the 'middle-sized tobacco', the agronomic character results are shown in the table 1, and T1, T2 and T3 are obviously different. The tobacco is sorted and collected according to T1, T2 and T3 characters, 180 tobacco plants with T1, T2 and T3 characters are randomly selected, marked to facilitate picking and baking, and 60 tobacco plants are repeated for 1 time and repeated for 3 times. The treatments are strictly collected and baked according to mature standards, two tobacco sheets are woven into tobacco in a back-to-back tobacco weaving mode, the tobacco sheets are arranged in a middle shed of the same bulk curing barn, the tobacco sheets are cured according to a local bulk curing process, after the tobacco sheets are cured, the economic characters, the appearance quality of the tobacco leaves, the chemical components of the tobacco leaves and the sensory quality of the tobacco leaves are evaluated respectively, and the results are shown in tables 2-5.
TABLE 1 agricultural traits of tobacco plants in different growth phases
Note: values represent mean and standard error, different lower case letters represent significant treatment-to-treatment differences (P <0.05 level), as follows.
TABLE 2 economic characteristics of cured tobacco of different growth phases
TABLE 3 appearance quality of cured tobacco leaves of different growth phases
TABLE 4 chemical composition of cured tobacco leaves of different growth phases
TABLE 5 sensory quality of cured tobacco leaves from different growth phases
Total score (aroma quality + aroma amount) × 2.5+ (miscellaneous gas) + (irritant) + (aftertaste) + (flammability) + (ash).
In conclusion, as shown in table 2, the smoke percentage of the treated product with T2 is the highest, namely 60.23%, which is 12.24% and 8.59% higher than T1 and T3, respectively; the lower grade tobacco proportion is intermediate, the grade outer tobacco proportion is lowest, the average price is highest, the output value per mu is also highest, is 3679.21 yuan/mu, and is respectively improved by 130.96 yuan/mu and 590.02 yuan/mu compared with T1 yuan/mu and T3 yuan/mu. The T2 tobacco plant has the most ideal growth phase in terms of economic characters; as shown in Table 3, the total weight of the appearance quality of the tobacco leaves treated by T2 is highest, T3 times is lowest, and T1 is lowest. The color, maturity, structure and identity of the treated flue-cured tobacco leaves are all the same, the oil content and the chromaticity are all better T2, respectively are + strong-, T3 times, and the T1 is worse; as shown in table 4, the main chemical components of the treated flue-cured tobacco have certain differences, the total sugar and reducing sugar content of T2 are respectively the highest, namely 26.86 and 23.14%, and the nicotine content is the lowest, namely 3.63%; the differences of protein content and sugar ratio between two treatments are not obvious, and the sugar-base ratio and nitrogen-base ratio of T2 are both highest and in a proper range, and are respectively 6.37 and 0.62. In general, the main chemical components of the flue-cured tobacco processed by the T2 are appropriate in content and good in coordination; as shown in table 4, sensory evaluation was performed on each processed C3F tobacco leaf, and each processed aroma was sweet and fragrant, and conformed to the sweet aroma of the western and western tobacco leaves in guizhou; the combustibility is high, and the ash content is white ash; the strength and concentration of T2 are higher than those of T1 and T3, the aroma quality is better, the aroma quantity is sufficient, the offensive odor and the irritation are less, the aftertaste is more comfortable, and the total score of sensory evaluation is highest. In general, the economic character, the appearance quality, the chemical components and the sensory quality of the tobacco leaves of the T2 long-phase tobacco plants are obviously superior to those of the T1 and T3 long-phase tobacco plants.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to the above-described embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. A method for cultivating high-quality medium-sized tobacco plants, comprising:
1) deep ploughing of tobacco field: deep plowing is carried out before the bottom of 12 months, and the plowing depth is not less than 25 cm;
2) tobacco leaf press green: pressing green before 3 months to a depth of 10-20 cm;
3) ditching and ridging: before transplanting, firstly opening a middle ditch and a side ditch, and then ridging, wherein the depth of the middle ditch is not less than 50cm, the width of the middle ditch is not less than 40cm, the depth of the side ditch is not less than 40cm, and the width of the side ditch is not less than 30 cm; the height of the ridge is not less than 35cm, the height of the sloping field or the soil tobacco ridge is not less than 30cm, the width of the bottom of the ridge is 70-80cm, and the width of the surface of the ridge is 25-30 cm; applying base fertilizer, organic fertilizer and fermented oil cake during the rising;
4) transplanting seedlings: selecting seedlings with the seedling age of 45-50 days, stem circumference of 1.2-1.7cm, stem height of 4-5cm, leaf number of 5-6, green leaf color, strong root and developed lateral root from 10 days at 4 months to 28 days at 4 months; the planting row spacing of the tobacco field is 100-120cm, and the planting spacing is 47-58 cm; applying seedling-extracting fertilizer in rooting water, wherein the dosage of a single plant is 2-4 g; after the seedlings are transplanted, thoroughly watering the root fixing water at one time;
5) topdressing: applying additional fertilizer 15-25 days after transplanting, wherein the dosage of each plant is 8-10 g;
6) surface protection: after transplanting is completed and 40 days after transplanting, the water content of the soil is controlled to be 55-65%, and the overground part of the seedling is subjected to light transmission and sealing treatment;
7) and (3) structure finishing: 40-50 days after transplanting;
treating the lower fresh tobacco leaves: 5 to 7 pieces of the fresh tobacco leaves at the lower part of the dysplasia are removed,
treating upper fresh tobacco leaves: removing the upper tobacco leaves which are dysplasia, insufficient in cutting, too thick and stiff in leaves, difficult to bake, easy to hang ash and less than 40cm in length;
8) topping and leaf retention: and (4) after transplanting, 55-60 days, topping and leaving 18-22 leaves.
2. The cultivation method of high-quality medium-sized tobacco as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio of the base fertilizer in the step 3) is 9: 10: 27, the single plant dosage of the base fertilizer is 45-55 g.
3. The cultivation method of high-quality medium-sized tobacco as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amount of organic fertilizer used in step 3) is 40-60 kg/mu.
4. The cultivation method of high-quality medium-sized tobacco leaves as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amount of fermented oil cake in step 3) is 10-20 kg/mu.
5. The cultivation method of high-quality medium-plant tobacco as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio of the seedling fertilizer in the step 4) is 22: 14: 10.
6. the method for cultivating high-quality medium-quality tobacco as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seedling varieties in step 4) are Yunyan 87, Yunyan 85 and GZ 36.
7. The cultivation method of high-quality medium-sized tobacco as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the nitrogen phosphorus potassium ratio in the step 5) is 14: 19: 20.
8. the method for cultivating high-quality medium-sized tobacco plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific time for topping in step 8) is 50% of the first central flower in the whole field.
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| CN114128581A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-03-04 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Cultivation method for improving yield and quality of middle tobacco leaves |
| CN115362901A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-11-22 | 中国烟草中南农业试验站 | Cultivation method for improving quality and economic character of Xiangyan No. 7 tobacco leaves |
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| CN115362901A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-11-22 | 中国烟草中南农业试验站 | Cultivation method for improving quality and economic character of Xiangyan No. 7 tobacco leaves |
| CN115362901B (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2023-10-27 | 中国烟草中南农业试验站 | Cultivation method for improving quality and economic character of Hunan tobacco No. 7 tobacco leaves |
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