CN112125730A - Preparation and application of soil conditioner for treating desertification by changing kitchen waste into soil - Google Patents
Preparation and application of soil conditioner for treating desertification by changing kitchen waste into soil Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation and application of a soil conditioner for treating desertification by changing kitchen waste into soil, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: crushing dried kitchen waste organic wastes, and adding water for fermentation; preparing Mel or brown sugar, warm water, distilled liquor, EM stock solution into a stock solution; crushing the straws; adding rice bran, mixing uniformly, fermenting, mixing uniformly, stirring uniformly, and mixing with auxiliary materials to obtain compost; spraying rice bran or wheat bran on the compost, and spraying a standby solution to prepare the bio-organic fertilizer; mixing biological organic fertilizer, nano sand, activated humic acid, fly ash, brassin, enzyme activator, adhesive, polyaspartic acid, SOD superoxide dismutase, yeast and amino acid. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the fermentation time is short, secondary fermentation is avoided, the propagation of harmful microorganisms is effectively inhibited, the organic nutrient is high, the soil quality is improved, soil hardening is prevented, the growth of crop root systems is promoted, and soil salinization is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a soil conditioner, in particular to a preparation method and application of a soil conditioner for treating desertification by changing kitchen waste into soil.
Background
Desertification is one of the major environmental problems that are commonly faced worldwide. Statistically, the global desertification land area is about 3600 kilo square kilometers, which is almost equal to the sum of the land areas of russia, china and the united states, and occupies about 1/4 of the land area of the earth. At present, the desert control method mainly plants ecological forests to control desertification, but because the soil conditions in desert areas are limited, the water consumption is large and the planting effect of vegetation is poor. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a method or an improver capable of improving desert soil. The problems that water in the soil is leaked and evaporated quickly, and organic matters and fertility are lacked in the soil need to be solved for improving the desert soil, and the condition that the soil is in a scattered structure and is not gathered is changed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a preparation method and application of a soil conditioner for changing kitchen waste into desertification control soil.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the preparation and application of the soil conditioner for treating desertification by changing kitchen wastes into wastes are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: crushing dried kitchen waste organic wastes to 80 meshes, adding water according to the proportion of 10:3-5, uniformly mixing, compacting, tightly covering and sealing or naturally performing anaerobic fermentation in a pool pit; the fermentation time is 7 days;
step two: mixing honey or brown sugar, warm water, distilled liquor and EM stock solution according to the weight ratio of 2-4: mixing at a ratio of 8-11:8-11:4-6 to prepare a standby liquid; the effective viable bacteria of the EM stock solution are more than 1 hundred million effective viable bacteria per milliliter;
step three: cutting the straws into crushed materials with the length of 8-10 cm; according to the weight ratio of 2: adding rice bran in a proportion of 1, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain a fluffy substance; uniformly mixing and stirring the leavened substance and the fermented dried kitchen waste organic waste obtained in the first step according to the weight ratio of 0.8-1.2:10, and mixing the mixture with auxiliary materials to obtain compost, wherein the mixing ratio is 1: 0.1-0.3;
the straws are one or a mixture of a plurality of straws, corn stalks and green grass;
step four: uniformly spreading a layer of rice bran or wheat bran with the thickness of 0.03-0.05 m on the compost with the thickness of 0.3-0.4 m, spraying 1-1.5 ml of standby liquid on each 1 kg of compost, and spreading a second layer on the compost according to the same method; laying 3 layers together, covering with plastic film, fermenting, and turning over once when the temperature in the compost is increased to 45-50 deg.C; turning over once every 7 days for 3 times to obtain the biological organic fertilizer;
step five: fully mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: mixing 55-65 parts of bio-organic fertilizer, 20-25 parts of nano sand, 10-15 parts of activated humic acid, 5-10 parts of fly ash, 0.05-0.15 part of brassin, 0.01-0.03 part of enzyme activator, 3-5 parts of adhesive, 0.5-0.8 part of polyaspartic acid, 0.1-0.2 part of superoxide dismutase (SOD), 0.1-0.5 part of yeast and 0.3-0.5 part of amino acid to obtain a finished product; the effective viable count of the yeast is 1X107cfu/mL--1X108cfu/mI。
The preparation method of the activated humic acid comprises the following steps:
crushing lignite or weathered coal into 80 meshes, putting the crushed lignite or weathered coal, water and nitric acid powder into a reaction kettle, and stirring, wherein the proportion of the lignite or weathered coal, the water and the nitric acid powder is 1-1.2: 2: 0.03-0.05; after uniformly stirring, heating to 55-65 ℃, reacting for 0.8-1.2 hours, and then adding the mixture according to the weight ratio of 1: and (3) continuously heating 0.05-0.1 of caustic soda to 70-88 ℃, reacting for 0.8-1.2 hours, mixing and stirring uniformly, drying by using a dryer, and sieving by using a 80-mesh sieve to obtain the activated humic acid.
The distilled liquor is distilled liquor containing 30-35% of alcohol, and the warm water is 25-35 ℃.
The auxiliary material is one or a mixture of more of straw, wheat bran, rice hull, peanut shell, sawdust and edible fungus sticks which are crushed into 80 meshes.
The preparation method of the nano sand comprises the following steps: obtained by the preparation of application No. 201910750493.
The first step is as follows: filling desert yellow sand into a spiral rolling heating device;
step two: starting the spiral rolling heating equipment, and rolling while heating;
step three: when the temperature reaches 200-240 ℃, spraying the grease on sand in a medium-sub-heat energy tubular rotary furnace or a rotary furnace or high-temperature rotary furnace equipment, rolling and spraying, and stopping heating after 13-18 minutes;
step four: pouring the mixture into a container, and cooling to normal temperature;
step five: pulverizing with a pulverizer, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve to obtain nanometer sand; the ratio of the sand to the grease is 8-12: 0.5-1.5; the waste grease is the grease recovered by a restaurant.
The dried kitchen waste organic waste is prepared through the patent application No. 202010215221.6.
The preparation and application of soil conditioner for treating desertification by changing kitchen wastes into wastes, the application method is as follows:
1) the sand bag treatment method with smaller desert area comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: pushing the uneven sandbag by a bulldozer and grooving the sandbag, wherein the depth of the groove is 0.4-0.5 m, the width of the groove is 7.5-8.5 m, and the length of the groove is unlimited;
step two: the sand in the tank is arranged and leveled, the nano sand is paved into a layer with the thickness of 0.05 m and compacted by a roller, then the sand and the product prepared by the technical scheme are mixed and stirred evenly according to the proportion of 7-9:0.8-1.2, the mixture is directly filled into the tank and leveled with the thickness of 0.2-0.3 m, and the rest 15 centimeters of sand is filled, watered and cultivated.
2) The application method for leveling the large-area desert comprises the following steps: the conditioner can be sprayed on the surface layer of the ground for one mu of land, 1.2 to 1.6 tons of products are prepared by the technical scheme, and the products are watered and cultivated.
3) The application method of the seedling planting in the desert big sand bag sand land comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the sand and the product prepared by the technical scheme are mixed according to the weight ratio of 7-9: 1, the mixture is packed in an inlet bag with the opening of the bag facing upwards;
step two: and (4) placing the mixed substances into the dug tree pit, planting the tree in the pocket, and watering by drip irrigation.
4) The application method of the saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: grooving the saline-alkali soil, and digging a groove with the depth of 40-50 cm, the width of 45-55 cm and unlimited length;
step two: leveling the inside of the groove, paving a layer of nano sand with the thickness of 50 mm, and compacting by using a roller;
step two: the saline-alkali soil and the product prepared by the technical scheme have the weight ratio of 7-9: 1, uniformly mixing, directly filling the mixture into a tank, and flattening the mixture to a thickness of 20-30 cm;
step three: and (3) building ridges on the filled land, forming a concave ditch of 50-80 cm between the ridges, adding soil on the ridges to form a convex shape, and watering and cultivating in the concave shape.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the decomposition of organic materials is accelerated, beneficial elements such as phosphorus, potassium and the like in the straws are released, the fermentation time is shortened, and secondary fermentation is avoided. 2. The biological bacterial manure starter is original bacteria, and can effectively inhibit the propagation of harmful microorganisms. 3. Improve the soil quality, soften the soil, prevent soil hardening and easy cultivation, and reduce the pesticide residue. 4. Improves the quality, the yield and the sweetness of the fruit, matures in advance and comes into the market, and reaches the standard of green and pollution-free. 5. The nutrient content is improved, organic matters are better decomposed, and phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen are dissolved, which is 20-30% higher than that of the common organic fertilizer prepared from the same raw materials. 6. The disease plant health is reduced, the breeding of soil germs is inhibited, the development of crop roots can be promoted, the crops grow vigorously, and the spread of various diseases is reduced.
7. The quantity of beneficial microorganisms in the soil inlay is increased, the organic matter of the soil slope is increased, the granular structure of the common soil slope can be effectively improved, the soil is recovered, the saline-alkali is improved, the oil-containing active nano sand plays a role in activating the soil activity, the sand control is performed by the sand, the soil salinization is reduced, the soil is loosened, the reverse osmosis is performed, the sand fixation and the water retention are performed, the utilization rate of the nitrogen fertilizer is improved, and the time for utilizing the nitrogen fertilizer by the plants is prolonged. Has solubilizing effect on insoluble phosphorus and improves soil.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
the preparation and application of the soil conditioner for treating desertification by changing kitchen wastes into wastes are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: crushing dried kitchen waste organic wastes to 80 meshes, adding water according to the proportion of 10:3-5, uniformly mixing, compacting, tightly covering and sealing or naturally performing anaerobic fermentation in a pool pit; the fermentation time is 7 days;
step two: mixing honey or brown sugar, warm water, distilled liquor and EM stock solution according to the weight ratio of 2: mixing at the ratio of 8:8:5 to prepare a standby liquid; the effective viable bacteria of the EM stock solution are more than 1 hundred million effective viable bacteria per milliliter;
step three: cutting the straws into crushed materials with the length of 9 cm; according to the weight ratio of 2: adding rice bran in a proportion of 1, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain a fluffy substance; uniformly mixing and stirring the leavened substances and the substances obtained in the step one, namely the fermented dried kitchen waste organic waste substances according to the weight ratio of 1:10, and mixing the mixture and auxiliary materials to obtain compost, wherein the mixing ratio is 1: 0.2;
the straws are a mixture of straws, corn stalks and grass;
step four: uniformly spreading a layer of wheat bran with the thickness of 0.04 m on the compost with the thickness of 0.3 m, spraying a standby solution according to the proportion of 1 ml for every 1 kg of the compost, and spreading a second layer on the compost according to the same method; laying 3 layers, covering with plastic film, fermenting, and turning over once when the temperature in the compost is raised to 50 ℃; turning over once every 7 days for 3 times to obtain the biological organic fertilizer;
step five: fully mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: mixing 55 parts of bio-organic fertilizer, 25 parts of nano sand, 12 parts of activated humic acid, 8 parts of fly ash, 0.1 part of brassin, 0.02 part of enzyme activator, 4 parts of adhesive, 0.6 part of polyaspartic acid, 0.1 part of SOD superoxide dismutase, 0.3 part of yeast and 0.4 part of amino acid to obtain a finished product; the effective viable count of the yeast is 1X107cfu/mL。
The preparation method of the activated humic acid comprises the following steps: crushing lignite into 80 meshes, putting the crushed lignite, water and nitric acid powder into a reaction kettle, and stirring, wherein the proportion of the lignite, the water and the nitric acid powder is 1: 2: 0.04; after stirring uniformly, heating to 60 ℃, reacting for 1 hour, and then adding a mixture of: and (3) continuously heating the 0.08 caustic soda to 80 ℃, reacting for 1 hour, mixing and stirring uniformly, drying by using a dryer, and sieving by using a 80-mesh sieve to obtain the activated humic acid.
The distilled liquor is distilled liquor containing 35% of alcohol, and the warm water is 30 ℃.
The auxiliary material is a mixture of straw, wheat bran, rice hull, peanut shell, sawdust and edible fungus sticks which are crushed into 80 meshes.
The preparation method of the nano sand comprises the following steps: obtained by the preparation of application No. 201910750493.
The first step is as follows: filling desert yellow sand into a spiral rolling heating device;
step two: starting the spiral rolling heating equipment, and rolling while heating;
step three: when the temperature reaches 220 ℃, spraying the grease on sand in the rotary furnace equipment while rolling, and stopping heating after 15 minutes;
step four: pouring the mixture into a container, and cooling to normal temperature;
step five: pulverizing with a pulverizer, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve to obtain nanometer sand; the ratio of the sand to the grease is 10: 1; the waste grease is the grease recovered by a restaurant.
The dried kitchen waste organic waste is prepared through the patent application No. 202010215221.6.
The preparation and application of soil conditioner for treating desertification by changing kitchen wastes into wastes, the application method is as follows:
1) the sand bag treatment method with smaller desert area comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: pushing the uneven sandbag by a bulldozer and grooving the sandbag, wherein the depth of the groove is 0.45 m, the width of the groove is 8 m, and the length of the groove is unlimited;
step two: the sand in the tank is arranged to be flat, the nano sand is paved into a layer with the thickness of 0.05 m and is compacted by a roller, then the sand and the product prepared by the technical scheme are mixed and stirred uniformly according to the proportion of 8:1, the mixture is directly filled into the tank to be flat with the thickness of 0.2 m, and the rest 15 centimeters of sand is filled into the tank, watered and cultivated.
2) The application method for leveling the large-area desert comprises the following steps: the conditioner can be sprayed on the surface layer of the ground for one mu of land, 1.5 tons of products are prepared by the technical scheme, and the product is watered and cultivated.
3) The application method of the seedling planting in the desert big sand bag sand land comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the sand and the product prepared by the technical scheme have the weight ratio of 8:1, the mixture is packed in an inlet bag with the opening of the bag facing upwards;
step two: and (4) placing the mixed substances into the dug tree pit, planting the tree in the pocket, and watering by drip irrigation.
4) The application method of the saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: grooving and digging a groove with the depth of 45 cm, the width of 50 cm and the length of no limit on the saline-alkali soil;
step two: leveling the inside of the groove, paving a layer of nano sand with the thickness of 50 mm, and compacting by using a roller;
step two: the saline-alkali soil and the product prepared by the technical scheme have the weight ratio of 8:1, uniformly mixing, directly filling the mixture into a tank, and flattening the mixture to a thickness of 30 cm;
step three: and (3) building ridges on the filled land, forming a 60 cm concave ditch between the ridges, adding soil on the ridges to form a convex shape, and watering and cultivating the convex shape.
Example 2
The preparation and application of the soil conditioner for treating desertification by changing kitchen wastes into wastes are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: crushing dried kitchen waste organic wastes to 80 meshes, adding water according to the proportion of 10:3, mixing uniformly, compacting, tightly covering and sealing or naturally performing anaerobic fermentation in a pool pit; the fermentation time is 7 days;
step two: mixing honey or brown sugar, warm water, distilled liquor and EM stock solution according to the weight ratio of 2-4: mixing at a ratio of 8-11:8-11:4-6 to prepare a standby liquid; the effective viable bacteria of the EM stock solution are more than 1 hundred million effective viable bacteria per milliliter;
step three: cutting the straws into crushed materials with the length of 10 cm; according to the weight ratio of 2: adding rice bran in a proportion of 1, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain a fluffy substance; uniformly mixing and stirring the leavened substance and the fermented dried kitchen waste organic waste material obtained in the first step according to the weight ratio of 0.8:10, and mixing the mixture and auxiliary materials to obtain compost, wherein the mixing ratio is 1: 0.1;
the straws are rice straws;
step four: uniformly spreading a layer of rice bran or wheat bran with the thickness of 0.05 m on the compost with the thickness of 0.4 m, spraying 1.3 ml of standby liquid on each 1 kg of compost, and spreading a second layer on the compost according to the same method; laying 3 layers together, covering with plastic film, fermenting, and turning over once when the temperature in the compost is raised to 45 ℃; turning over once every 7 days for 3 times to obtain the biological organic fertilizer;
step five: fully mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: mixing 65 parts of bio-organic fertilizer, 23 parts of nano sand, 14 parts of activated humic acid, 10 parts of fly ash, 0.05 part of brassin, 0.03 part of enzyme activator, 3-5 parts of adhesive, 0.5 part of polyaspartic acid, 0.1 part of SOD superoxide dismutase, 0.14 part of yeast and 0.3 part of amino acid to obtain a finished product; the effective viable count of the yeast is 1X108cfu/mI。
The preparation method of the activated humic acid comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of crushing lignite or weathered coal into 80 meshes, putting the crushed weathered coal, water and nitric acid powder into a reaction kettle, and stirring, wherein the proportion of the weathered coal, the water and the nitric acid powder is 1.1: 2: 0.05; after stirring uniformly, heating to 58 ℃, reacting for 1.2 hours, and then adding a mixture of: and (3) continuously heating the 0.08 caustic soda to 75 ℃, reacting for 0.8 hour, mixing and stirring uniformly, drying by using a dryer, and sieving by using a 80-mesh sieve to obtain the activated humic acid.
The distilled liquor is distilled liquor containing 35% of alcohol, and the warm water is 25 ℃.
The auxiliary material is a mixture of straw, wheat bran, rice hull and edible fungus sticks which are crushed into 80 meshes.
The preparation method of the nano sand comprises the following steps: obtained by the preparation of application No. 201910750493.
The first step is as follows: filling desert yellow sand into a spiral rolling heating device;
step two: starting the spiral rolling heating equipment, and rolling while heating;
step three: when the temperature reaches 220 ℃, spraying the grease on the sand in the high-temperature rotary furnace equipment while rolling, and after 18, stopping heating;
step four: pouring the mixture into a container, and cooling to normal temperature;
step five: pulverizing with a pulverizer, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve to obtain nanometer sand; the ratio of the sand to the grease is 12: 1; the waste grease is the grease recovered by a restaurant.
The dried kitchen waste organic waste is prepared through the patent application No. 202010215221.6.
The preparation and application of soil conditioner for treating desertification by changing kitchen wastes into wastes, the application method is as follows:
1) the sand bag treatment method with smaller desert area comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: pushing the uneven sandbag by a bulldozer and grooving the sandbag, wherein the depth of the groove is 0.5 m, the width of the groove is 8, and the length of the groove is unlimited;
step two: the sand in the groove is arranged to be flat, the nano sand is paved into a layer with the thickness of 0.05 m and is compacted by a roller, and then the sand and the product prepared by the technical scheme are 7: 0.8, mixing and stirring uniformly, directly filling the mixture into a tank to be flattened by the thickness of 0.2 m, and filling, watering and cultivating the remained 15 centimeters of sandy soil.
2) The application method for leveling the large-area desert comprises the following steps: the conditioner can be sprayed on the surface layer of the ground for one mu of land, 1.2 tons of products are prepared by the technical scheme, and the product is watered and cultivated.
3) The application method of the seedling planting in the desert big sand bag sand land comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the sand and the product prepared by the technical scheme have the weight ratio of 7:1, the mixture is packed in an inlet bag with the opening of the bag facing upwards;
step two: and (4) placing the mixed substances into the dug tree pit, planting the tree in the pocket, and watering by drip irrigation.
4) The application method of the saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: grooving the saline-alkali soil, and digging a groove with the depth of 45 cm, the width of 45 cm and the unlimited length;
step two: leveling the inside of the groove, paving a layer of nano sand with the thickness of 50 mm, and compacting by using a roller;
step two: the saline-alkali soil and the product prepared by the technical scheme have the weight ratio of 9: 1, uniformly mixing, directly filling the mixture into a tank, and flattening the mixture to a thickness of 20-30 cm;
step three: and (3) building ridges on the filled land, forming a concave ditch of 50-80 cm between the ridges, adding soil on the ridges to form a convex shape, and watering and cultivating in the concave shape.
Example 3
The preparation and application of the soil conditioner for treating desertification by changing kitchen wastes into wastes are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: crushing dried kitchen waste organic wastes to 80 meshes, adding water according to the proportion of 10:5, mixing and stirring uniformly, compacting, tightly covering and sealing or naturally performing anaerobic fermentation in a pool pit; the fermentation time is 7 days;
step two: mixing honey or brown sugar, warm water, distilled liquor and EM stock solution according to the weight ratio of 4: mixing at a ratio of 11:10:6 to prepare a standby liquid; the effective viable bacteria of the EM stock solution are more than 1 hundred million effective viable bacteria per milliliter;
step three: cutting straws into crushed materials with the length of 8 cm; according to the weight ratio of 2: adding rice bran in a proportion of 1, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain a fluffy substance; uniformly mixing and stirring the leavened substances and the substances obtained in the step one, namely the fermented dried kitchen waste organic waste substances according to the weight ratio of 1.1:10, and mixing the mixture and auxiliary materials to obtain compost, wherein the mixing ratio is 1: 0.1;
the straws are green grass;
step four: uniformly spreading a layer of rice bran or wheat bran with the thickness of 0.05 m on the compost with the thickness of 0.3 m, spraying 1.4 ml of standby liquid on each 1 kg of compost, and spreading a second layer on the compost according to the same method; laying 3 layers together, covering with plastic film, fermenting, and turning over once when the temperature in the compost is raised to 45 ℃; turning over once every 7 days for 3 times to obtain the biological organic fertilizer;
step five: fully mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 58 parts of bio-organic fertilizer, 21 parts of nano sand, 14 parts of activated humic acid, 6 parts of fly ash, 0.13 part of brassin, 0.01 part of enzyme activator, 3 parts of adhesive, and polyaspartic acid0.7 part of SOD superoxide dismutase, 0.2 part of microzyme and 0.4 part of amino acid, and the effective viable count of the microzyme is 1X107cfu/mL。
The preparation method of the nano sand comprises the following steps: obtained by the preparation of application No. 201910750493.
Crushing lignite or weathered coal into 80 meshes, putting the crushed lignite or weathered coal, water and nitric acid powder into a reaction kettle, and stirring, wherein the proportion of the lignite or weathered coal, the water and the nitric acid powder is 1.2: 2: 0.4; after stirring uniformly, heating to 63 ℃, reacting for 1.1 hours, and then adding a mixture of: and (3) continuously heating 0.07 part of caustic soda to 70 ℃, reacting for 0.8 hour, mixing and stirring uniformly, drying by using a dryer, and sieving by using a 80-mesh sieve to obtain the activated humic acid.
The distilled liquor is distilled liquor containing 30% of alcohol, and the warm water is 30 ℃.
The auxiliary material is a mixture of straw edible fungus sticks crushed into 80 meshes.
The preparation method of the nano sand comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: filling desert yellow sand into a spiral rolling heating device;
step two: starting the spiral rolling heating equipment, and rolling while heating;
step three: when the temperature reaches 200 ℃, spraying the grease on sand in the medium-sub-thermal energy tubular rotary furnace equipment, rolling and spraying, and stopping heating after 13 minutes;
step four: pouring the mixture into a container, and cooling to normal temperature;
step five: pulverizing with a pulverizer, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve to obtain nanometer sand; the ratio of the sand to the grease is 10: 0.7; the waste grease is the grease recovered by a restaurant.
The dried kitchen waste organic waste is prepared through the patent application No. 202010215221.6.
The preparation and application of soil conditioner for treating desertification by changing kitchen wastes into wastes, the application method is as follows:
1) the sand bag treatment method with smaller desert area comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: pushing the uneven sandbag by a bulldozer and grooving the sandbag, wherein the depth of the groove is 0.4 m, the width of the groove is 8 m, and the length of the groove is unlimited;
step two: the sand in the tank is arranged to be flat, the nano sand is paved into a layer with the thickness of 0.05 m and is compacted by a roller, then the sand and the product prepared by the technical scheme are mixed and stirred uniformly according to the proportion of 7:1.1, the mixture is directly filled into the tank to be flattened with the thickness of 0.2 m, and the rest 15 centimeters of sand is filled, watered and cultivated by soil.
2) The application method for leveling the large-area desert comprises the following steps: the conditioner can be sprayed on the surface layer of the ground for one mu of land, 1.46 tons of products are prepared by the technical scheme, and the product is watered and cultivated.
3) The application method of the seedling planting in the desert big sand bag sand land comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the sand and the product prepared by the technical scheme have the weight ratio of 7:1, the mixture is packed in an inlet bag with the opening of the bag facing upwards;
step two: and (4) placing the mixed substances into the dug tree pit, planting the tree in the pocket, and watering by drip irrigation.
4) The application method of the saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: grooving and digging a groove with the depth of 50 cm, the width of 50 cm and the length of no limit on the saline-alkali soil;
step two: leveling the inside of the groove, paving a layer of nano sand with the thickness of 50 mm, and compacting by using a roller;
step two: the saline-alkali soil and the product prepared by the technical scheme have the weight ratio of 9: 1, uniformly mixing, directly filling the mixture into a tank, and flattening the mixture to a thickness of 20-30 cm;
step three: and (3) building ridges on the filled land, forming a 60 cm concave ditch between the ridges, adding soil on the ridges to form a convex shape, and watering and cultivating the convex shape.
The specific implementation mode of the product prepared by the preparation method and the practical application of the product is as follows:
a place: the AlaLaIng Geng economic development area of inner Mongolia is located in AlaIng Geng of inner Mongolia autonomous region, and is located between 37-42 degrees of northern latitude, and the elevation 1343-1430 m.
Geographic conditions: in desert arid regions, sufficient illumination is achieved, the climate with good atmospheric transparency is controlled by western wind circulation all year round, the climate belongs to the typical continental climate in a medium temperature range, precipitation is rare, the annual average precipitation is 102.9 mm, the maximum annual precipitation is 150.3 mm, the minimum annual precipitation is 33.3 mm, the annual average temperature is 7.8 ℃, the absolute maximum temperature is 39 ℃, the absolute minimum temperature is-29.6 ℃, the annual average evaporation rate is 2258.8 mm, the frost-free period is 168 days, illumination is 3181 hours, solar radiation is 150 kcal/square centimeter, the effective accumulated temperature is 3289.1 ℃ greater than 10 ℃, southwest wind prevails all year round, the main harmful wind is western wind, and the wind is strong. The annual average wind speed is 4.1m/s, the wind and sand hazard is a main natural disaster, the sand dune shape mainly comprises branch sand ridges and honeycomb sand dunes, the sand dune generally runs to the northwest-southeast, the height of the sand dune is 10-20 meters and is not more than 30 meters, the sand dune is fixed and semi-fixed, and the sand grains mainly comprise fine sand.
Example 1
In 2019, at the bottom of 4 months in spring, in an inner Mongolia autonomous region, the concrete operation of the sandbag treatment environment is carried out according to the following steps:
pushing the uneven sandbag by a bulldozer and grooving the sandbag, wherein the depth of the groove is 0.4-0.5 m, the width of the groove is 7.5-8.5 m, and the length of the groove is unlimited; the technical scheme is that sand in a groove is arranged flatly, nano sand is paved into a layer with the thickness of 0.05 m and is compacted by a roller, then the sand and a product prepared by the technical scheme are mixed and stirred uniformly according to the proportion of 7-9:0.8-1.2, the mixture is directly filled into the groove and is flattened with the thickness of 0.2-0.3 m, 15 cm of sand is used for filling, drip irrigation and watering are carried out on the sand, the earth surface and the underground sand are in a moist state, splendid achnatherum seeds and fine sand are mixed uniformly according to the weight of 1:10, the depth of soil covering on a sand block to be treated is 6-8 cm, seeding is carried out, the splendid achherum gradually germinates and grows after 5 days, and other fertilizers do not need to be added into modified soil.
Example 2
In 2019, at the bottom of 8 months in spring, the specific operation of the Alason left-flag Wendyler diagram Zhenba Rundtenggi desert east in Alason autonomous region of inner Mongolia and the sand leveling and large-area desert environment in the Alason left-flag Rungge desert is carried out according to the following steps;
the product prepared by the technical scheme is scattered on the surface layer of the ground for one mu of land, 1.2-1.6 tons of the product is prepared by the technical scheme, drip irrigation and watering are carried out on the paved sandy land, the ground surface and the underground sandy land are in a wet state, plowing is carried out until a mechanical vehicle can enter the land, cabbage seeds are planted on the treated sandy land, the depth of covering soil is 5cm, sowing is carried out, and after 5 days, the cabbage seeds gradually germinate and grow without adding other fertilizers.
Example 3
At the bottom of 8 months in spring of 2019, in an inner Mongolia autonomous region, the specific operation of the Alason left-flag Wendyler diagram Zhenba Rundtgeng desert east, and the seedling planting environment of the Alason left-flag Gangge desert big sand hill desert is carried out according to the following steps;
the sand and the product prepared by the technical scheme are mixed according to the weight ratio of 7-9: 1, the mixture is packed in an inlet bag with the opening of the bag facing upwards; and (4) placing the mixed substances into the dug tree pit, planting the tree in the pocket, and watering by drip irrigation. And (2) carrying out drip irrigation and watering on the paved sandy land, wherein the ground surface and the underground sandy land are in a wet state, paving sand on the bag for planting the trees, keeping the pit depth on the ground to be 20cm, planting the haloxylon seedlings on the wet bag, treading the sandy soil after planting to ensure that the moisture in the soil is not rapidly lost, immediately thoroughly watering, and carrying out topdressing for 2-3 times in the growth period of the seedlings by adopting modes of furrow application (high fertilizer utilization rate), broadcasting application, watering and the like, wherein the fertilizer is urea and compound fertilizer.
Example 4
At the bottom of 8 months in spring of 2019, beside an Alason-Henry-Ganba Hodgura in autonomous region of inner Mongolia, concrete environment improvement operation is carried out on the saline-alkali soil conditioner saline-alkali soil around the wetland according to the following steps;
firstly, the method comprises the following steps: grooving the saline-alkali soil, and digging a groove with the depth of 40-50 cm, the width of 45-55 cm and unlimited length; II, secondly: leveling the inside of the groove, paving a layer of nano sand with the thickness of 50 mm, and compacting by using a roller; the saline-alkali soil and the product prepared by the technical scheme are mixed according to the weight ratio of 7-9: 1, uniformly mixing, directly filling the mixture into a tank, and flattening the mixture to a thickness of 20-30 cm; thirdly, the method comprises the following steps: and (3) building ridges on the filled land, forming a concave ditch of 50-80 cm between the ridges, adding soil to the upper edges of the ridges to form a convex shape, and watering and cultivating the convex shape. The soil and the underground sandy land are in a wet state, and the soil conditioner has good water retention property, so that the saline alkali is prevented from rising and evaporating;
and (3) spreading the seedlings on the saline-alkali land ridge to form a convex surface, planting the seedlings of the salix purpurea with the pit depth of 35cm, planting the seedlings of the salix purpurea on wet sand, treading the sand soil after planting to ensure that the water in the soil is not rapidly lost, immediately watering the concave ditch thoroughly, and watering once again every 20 days. Good salt resistance and high survival rate.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. Preparation and application of soil conditioner for treating desertification by changing kitchen waste into soil, which is characterized in that: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: crushing dried kitchen waste organic wastes to 80 meshes, adding water according to the proportion of 10:3-5, uniformly mixing, compacting, tightly covering and sealing or naturally performing anaerobic fermentation in a pool pit; the fermentation time is 7 days;
step two: mixing honey or brown sugar, warm water, distilled liquor and EM stock solution according to the weight ratio of 2-4: mixing at a ratio of 8-11:8-11:4-6 to prepare a standby liquid;
the effective viable bacteria of the EM stock solution are more than 1 hundred million effective viable bacteria per milliliter;
step three: cutting the straws into crushed materials with the length of 8-10 cm; according to the weight ratio of 2: adding rice bran in a proportion of 1, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain a fluffy substance; uniformly mixing and stirring the leavened substance and the fermented dried kitchen waste organic waste obtained in the first step according to the weight ratio of 0.8-1.2:10, and mixing the mixture with auxiliary materials to obtain compost, wherein the mixing ratio is 1: 0.1-0.3;
the straws are one or a mixture of a plurality of straws, corn stalks and green grass;
step four: uniformly spreading a layer of rice bran or wheat bran with the thickness of 0.03-0.05 m on the compost with the thickness of 0.3-0.4 m, spraying 1-1.5 ml of standby liquid on each 1 kg of compost, and spreading a second layer on the compost according to the same method; laying 3 layers together, covering with plastic film, fermenting, and turning over once when the temperature in the compost is increased to 45-50 deg.C; turning over once every 7 days for 3 times to obtain the biological organic fertilizer;
step five: fully mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: mixing 55-65 parts of bio-organic fertilizer, 20-25 parts of nano sand, 10-15 parts of activated humic acid, 5-10 parts of fly ash, 0.05-0.15 part of brassin, 0.01-0.03 part of enzyme activator, 3-5 parts of adhesive, 0.5-0.8 part of polyaspartic acid, 0.1-0.2 part of superoxide dismutase (SOD), 0.1-0.5 part of yeast and 0.3-0.5 part of amino acid to obtain a finished product; the effective viable count of the yeast is 1X107cfu/mL--1X108cfu/mI。
2. The preparation and application of the soil conditioner for treating desertification by changing kitchen waste into soil according to claim 1 are characterized in that: the preparation method of the activated humic acid comprises the following steps:
crushing lignite or weathered coal into 80 meshes, putting the crushed lignite or weathered coal, water and nitric acid powder into a reaction kettle, and stirring, wherein the proportion of the lignite or weathered coal, the water and the nitric acid powder is 1-1.2: 2: 0.03-0.05; after uniformly stirring, heating to 55-65 ℃, reacting for 0.8-1.2 hours, and then adding the mixture according to the weight ratio of 1: and (3) continuously heating 0.05-0.1 of caustic soda to 70-88 ℃, reacting for 0.8-1.2 hours, mixing and stirring uniformly, drying by using a dryer, and sieving by using a 80-mesh sieve to obtain the activated humic acid.
3. The preparation and application of the soil conditioner for treating desertification by changing kitchen waste into the soil according to the claim 1, wherein the soil conditioner comprises the following components: the distilled liquor is distilled liquor containing 30-35% of alcohol, and the warm water is 25-35 ℃.
4. The preparation and application of the soil conditioner for treating desertification by changing kitchen waste into the soil according to the claim 1, wherein the soil conditioner comprises the following components: the auxiliary material is one or a mixture of more of straw, wheat bran, rice hull, peanut shell, sawdust and edible fungus sticks which are crushed into 80 meshes.
5. Preparation and application of soil conditioner for treating desertification by changing kitchen waste into soil, which is characterized in that: the application method comprises the following steps:
1) the sand bag treatment method with smaller desert area comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: pushing the uneven sandbag by a bulldozer and grooving the sandbag, wherein the depth of the groove is 0.4-0.5 m, the width of the groove is 7.5-8.5 m, and the length of the groove is unlimited;
step two: the sand in the tank is arranged and leveled, nano sand is paved into a layer with the thickness of 0.05 m and compacted by a roller, then the sand and the product prepared by the technical scheme are mixed and stirred uniformly according to the proportion of 7-9:0.8-1.2, the mixture is directly filled into the tank and leveled with the thickness of 0.2-0.3 m, and the rest 15 centimeters of sand is filled, watered and cultivated;
2) the application method for leveling the large-area desert comprises the following steps: the conditioner can be scattered on the surface layer of the ground for one mu of land, 1.2 to 1.6 tons of products are prepared by the technical scheme, and the products are watered and cultivated;
3) the application method of the seedling planting in the desert big sand bag sand land comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the sand and the product prepared by the technical scheme are mixed according to the weight ratio of 7-9: 1, the mixture is packed in an inlet bag with the opening of the bag facing upwards;
step two: placing the mixed substances into the dug tree pits, planting the trees in the pockets, and watering by drip irrigation;
4) the application method of the saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: grooving the saline-alkali soil, and digging a groove with the depth of 40-50 cm, the width of 45-55 cm and unlimited length;
step two: leveling the inside of the groove, paving a layer of nano sand with the thickness of 50 mm, and compacting by using a roller;
step two: the saline-alkali soil and the product prepared by the technical scheme have the weight ratio of 7-9: 1, uniformly mixing, directly filling the mixture into a tank, and flattening the mixture to a thickness of 20-30 cm;
step three: and (3) building ridges on the filled land, forming a concave ditch of 50-80 cm between the ridges, adding soil on the ridges to form a convex shape, and watering and cultivating in the concave shape.
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