CN111978068A - 张开型裂纹厚釉白瓷及其制作工艺 - Google Patents

张开型裂纹厚釉白瓷及其制作工艺 Download PDF

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CN111978068A
CN111978068A CN202010899909.0A CN202010899909A CN111978068A CN 111978068 A CN111978068 A CN 111978068A CN 202010899909 A CN202010899909 A CN 202010899909A CN 111978068 A CN111978068 A CN 111978068A
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徐福坤
曾思华
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Fujian Dehua Zhongfa Ceramics Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及陶瓷制造技术领域，具体的涉及张开型裂纹厚釉白瓷及其制作工艺。该种张开型裂纹厚釉白瓷，包括内层坯体、爆裂层坯体和釉层。本发明提供的张开型裂纹厚釉白瓷，在白瓷表面形成纵向延伸的爆裂痕，裂痕外翻从外至里，裂痕深入坯体、深度由中间向两端逐渐变小，从触感上能摸到明显凹凸的基理，结合手拉坯的横向环形纹理，效果美观；为了更好的显示出爆裂纹的纹理，使用了釉面清透、釉层薄、明亮度高的釉水，同时提高釉料黏性，保证很好的保护裂纹的使用寿命，同时透明度高可以更好的提现裂纹的效果。

Description

张开型裂纹厚釉白瓷及其制作工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷制造技术领域，具体的涉及一种张开型裂纹厚釉白瓷及其制作工艺。
背景技术
德化制瓷业唐代便有记载,宋、元时烧制青、白瓷,明代后得到巨大发展,以烧白瓷著称。德化白瓷瓷质致密,透光度极好,釉面为纯白色,色泽光润明亮,乳白如脂,近光透视下,釉中隐隐呈现粉红或乳白色,故有“象牙白”“鹅绒白”“中国白”之称。传统的德化白瓷以透光度极好,釉面为纯白色,色泽光润明亮为最突出的特点。手拉坯成形是一种古老陶瓷成型技术，它是在转动的轮盘上，用手工将可塑泥料拉制成各种形状坯体的方法，传统德化白瓷也大多有使用的手拉坯的陶瓷制品，但都会在其表面会覆盖一层透明釉层，以尽可能的将将手拉的纹理遮盖，使陶瓷表面摸起来光滑细腻。
随着社会的不断发展，人们的审美需求也在不断你的变化，对创新产品的需求不断提高，如果能将传统的德化白瓷与手拉胚的粗犷风格的进行一个结合，提供一种全新的釉面效果，对德化白瓷的表面进行装饰，对德化白瓷的推广和传承具有积极的意义。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种张开型裂纹厚釉白瓷及其制作工艺。
本发明提供的张开型裂纹厚釉白瓷，包括内层坯体、爆裂层坯体和釉层，所述内层坯体的原料组分如下：高岭土40-50份、煅烧滑石20-30份、石英10-15份、高硅土10-15份、钠长石1-5份；所述爆裂层坯体的原料组分如下：高岭土20-30、白云土20-30份、膨润土10-15份、莫来石10-15份、钠长石10-15份、纳米氧化铝5-10份、Al2O3晶须1-5份、莫桑石颗粒1-5份。
进一步的，内层坯体的原料组分如下：高岭土46份、煅烧滑石28份、石英13份、高硅土11份、钠长石2份。
进一步的，爆裂层坯体的原料组分如下：高岭土27、白云土23份、膨润土14份、莫来石12份、钠长石11份、纳米氧化铝6份、Al2O3晶须4份、莫桑石颗粒3份。
进一步的，石英颗粒的直径大于0.5mm。
进一步的，釉层的原料组分如下：高岭土20-30份、石英20-30份、长石10-20份、烧滑石10-20、份、硅酸锆1-5份、钛酸钡1-5份。
张开型裂纹厚釉白瓷的制备方法，制作要求1-5任意一项所述的张开型裂纹厚釉白瓷及其制作工艺，具体步骤如下：
步骤1，根据内层坯体、爆裂层坯体的原料组分制备内层坯体泥料、爆裂层坯体泥料；
步骤2，使用内层坯体泥料在拉坯机上使用拉坯成型，制成雏坯；
步骤3，将爆裂层泥料覆盖于雏坯外，继续转动拉坯机在雏坯的表明形成爆裂坯体层；
步骤4，使用1100-1200的火焰快速在爆裂坯体层外进行烘烤，至表面形成纵向裂纹；
步骤5，继续转动拉坯成型，雏坯继续扩张使爆裂坯体层顺着裂纹开裂，形成爆裂纹路，坯体制成；
步骤6，等待坯体干燥后，在坯体表面施釉；
步骤7，将施釉后的坯体烧制成型，烧成温度为1330-1335℃，烧成后获得张开型裂纹厚釉白瓷。
进一步的，步骤3中覆盖于雏坯外的爆裂坯体层后，对爆裂坯体层进行修坯，修至的厚度为3-10mm。
进一步的，步骤3中使用爆裂坯体层外进行烘烤的时间为10-30秒。
进一步的，釉层步骤6中所述釉层的厚度为0.2-0.3mm。
进一步的，步骤7中的烧成温度控制如下：
窑炉经4-5小时，从室温升温至300℃；
窑炉经2-3小时，从300℃升温至800℃；
窑炉经3-4小时，从800℃升温至1200℃；
窑炉经3-4小时，从1200℃升温至烧成温度，并在烧成温度下保温2-3小时；
窑炉停火，经自然降温。
本发明制备的张开型裂纹厚釉白瓷，在白瓷表面形成纵向延伸的爆裂痕，裂痕外翻从外至里，裂痕深入坯体、深度由中间向两端逐渐变小，从触感上能摸到明显凹凸的基理，结合手拉坯的横向环形纹理，效果美观；为了更好的显示出爆裂纹的纹理，使用了釉面清透、釉层薄、明亮度高的釉水，同时提高釉料黏性，保证很好的保护裂纹的使用寿命，同时透明度高可以更好的提现裂纹的效果。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的描述。
本发明提供的张开型裂纹厚釉白瓷，包括内层坯体、爆裂层坯体和釉层，釉层的厚度为0.2-0.3mm，所述内层坯体的原料组分如下：
高岭土40-50份、煅烧滑石20-30份、石英10-15份、高硅土10-15份、钠长石1-5份；
爆裂层坯体的原料组分如下：高岭土20-30、白云土20-30份、膨润土10-15份、莫来石10-15份、钠长石10-15份、纳米氧化铝5-10份、Al2O3晶须1-5份、莫桑石颗粒1-5份，其中所述石英颗粒的直径大于0.5mm；
釉层的原料组分如下：高岭土20-30份、石英20-30份、长石10-20份、烧滑石10-20、份、硅酸锆1-5份、钛酸钡1-5份。
张开型裂纹厚釉白瓷及其制作工艺，具体步骤如下：
步骤1，根据内层坯体、爆裂层坯体的原料组分制备内层坯体泥料、爆裂层坯体泥料；
步骤2，使用内层坯体泥料在拉坯机上使用拉坯成型，制成雏坯；
步骤3，将爆裂层泥料覆盖于雏坯外，继续转动拉坯机在雏坯的表明形成爆裂坯体层，爆裂坯体层干燥至含水率为20-30％时，对爆裂坯体层进行修坯，修至的厚度为3-10mm；
步骤4，使用1100-1200的火焰快速在爆裂坯体层外进行烘烤，烘烤的时间为10-30秒，至表面形成纵向裂纹；
步骤5，继续转动拉坯成型，雏坯继续扩张使爆裂坯体层顺着裂纹开裂，形成爆裂纹路，坯体制成；
步骤6，等待坯体干燥后，在坯体表面施釉，釉层的厚度为0.2-0.3mm；
步骤7，将施釉后的坯体烧制成型，烧成温度为1330-1335℃，烧成后获得张开型裂纹厚釉白瓷，烧成温度控制如下：
窑炉经4-5小时，从室温升温至300℃；
窑炉经2-3小时，从300℃升温至800℃；
窑炉经3-4小时，从800℃升温至1200℃；
窑炉经3-4小时，从1200℃升温至烧成温度，并在烧成温度下保温2-3小时；
窑炉停火，经自然降温。
具体实施例一：
本发明提供的张开型裂纹厚釉白瓷，包括内层坯体、爆裂层坯体和釉层；
内层坯体的原料组分如下：高岭土46份、煅烧滑石28份、石英13份、高硅土11份、钠长石2份；
爆裂层坯体的原料组分如下：高岭土27、白云土23份、膨润土14份、莫来石12份、钠长石11份、纳米氧化铝6份、Al2O3晶须4份、莫桑石颗粒3份，其中所述石英颗粒的为0.8-1.0mm；
釉层的原料组分如下：高岭土28份、石英27份、长石19份、烧滑石18、份、硅酸锆4份、钛酸钡4份，。
张开型裂纹厚釉白瓷及其制作工艺，具体步骤如下：
步骤1，根据内层坯体、爆裂层坯体的原料组分制备内层坯体泥料、爆裂层坯体泥料；
步骤2，使用内层坯体泥料在拉坯机上使用拉坯成型，制成雏坯；
步骤3，将爆裂层泥料覆盖于雏坯外，继续转动拉坯机在雏坯的表明形成爆裂坯体层，爆裂坯体层干燥至含水率为25％时，对爆裂坯体层进行修坯，修至的厚度为5mm；
步骤4，使用1100-1200的喷枪火焰快速在爆裂坯体层外进行烘烤，烘烤的时间为15秒，至表面形成纵向裂纹；
步骤5，继续转动拉坯成型，雏坯继续扩张使爆裂坯体层顺着裂纹开裂，裂纹深度为0.5-3mm，形成从表面向中间开裂的形成爆裂纹路，坯体制成；
步骤6，等待坯体干燥后，在坯体表面施釉，釉层的厚度为0.2mm；
步骤7，将施釉后的坯体烧制成型，烧成温度为1332℃，烧成后获得张开型裂纹厚釉白瓷，烧成温度控制如下：
窑炉经4小时，从室温升温至300℃；
窑炉经2.5小时，从300℃升温至800℃；
窑炉经3小时，从800℃升温至1200℃；
窑炉经3.5小时，从1200℃升温至烧成温度，并在烧成温度下保温2-3小时；
窑炉停火，经自然降温。
本发明制备的张开型裂纹厚釉白瓷，在白瓷表面形成纵向延伸的爆裂痕，裂痕外翻从外至里，裂痕深入坯体、深度由中间向两端逐渐变小，从触感上能摸到明显凹凸的基理；
与传统的裂纹釉不同，裂纹釉是在釉层上具有细小的裂纹，其形成机理是利用釉的膨胀系数大于坯的膨胀系数，使得釉层发生龟裂、收缩的差值越大，龟裂的程度也越大，但其是在釉层上进行开裂，因此其只能是有细小的裂纹，裂纹太大釉层就会脱落，而从触感上甚至感觉不到裂纹的存在，或者说只有一道的感觉，其效果和冲击力都不够明显，本申请提供的张开型裂纹厚釉白瓷，使用双层坯体，内层坯体使用能保持德化白瓷基本特性的坯体原料，爆裂层坯体引入纳米氧化铝和Al2O3晶须协同作为增韧剂，由于坯体是有内层和外层相复合，使用纳米氧化铝和Al2O3晶须可以增加内层和外层之间的结合力，增加材料断裂的难度，同时Al2O3晶须为在裂纹面之间形成桥接现象，防止裂纹过大，保证裂纹的效果，在爆裂层坯体中增加了硬度较高的莫桑石颗粒颗粒，莫桑石颗粒弥散在爆裂层坯体中，使用手拉坯成型时对坯体的水平方向上形成拉力，莫桑石颗粒能够阻碍材料被拉伸并在坯体垂直面上形成收缩，并在使用1100-1200的喷枪火焰快速烘干时使坯体形成裂痕，当坯体形成裂痕后在进一步拉坯时坯体水平方向上再次受力，增加了材料的开裂程度，形成纵向爆裂效果，爆裂痕深入爆裂层坯体中，结合手拉坯的横向环形纹理，效果美观；
为了更好的显示出爆裂纹的纹理，使用了特殊的釉料，引入的原料保证釉面清透、釉层薄、明亮度高的釉水，同时釉料中引入的钛酸钡可以满足析晶乳浊剂的要求，提高釉料黏性，保证很好的保护裂纹的使用寿命，同时透明度高可以更好的提现裂纹的效果。
上述仅为本发明的一个具体实施方式，但本发明的设计构思并不局限于此，凡利用此构思对本发明进行非实质性的改动，均应属于侵犯本发明保护范围的行为。

Claims (10)

1.张开型裂纹厚釉白瓷，其特征在于，包括内层坯体、爆裂层坯体和釉层，所述内层坯体的原料组分如下：高岭土40-50份、煅烧滑石20-30份、石英10-15份、高硅土10-15份、钠长石1-5份；所述爆裂层坯体的原料组分如下：高岭土20-30、白云土20-30份、膨润土10-15份、莫来石10-15份、钠长石10-15份、纳米氧化铝5-10份、Al2O3晶须1-5份、莫桑石颗粒1-5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的张开型裂纹厚釉白瓷，其特征在于，所述内层坯体的原料组分如下：高岭土46份、煅烧滑石28份、石英13份、高硅土11份、钠长石2份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的张开型裂纹厚釉白瓷，其特征在于，所述爆裂层坯体的原料组分如下：高岭土27、白云土23份、膨润土14份、莫来石12份、钠长石11份、纳米氧化铝6份、Al2O3晶须4份、莫桑石颗粒3份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的张开型裂纹厚釉白瓷，其特征在于:所述石英颗粒的直径大于0.5mm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的张开型裂纹厚釉白瓷，其特征在于，所述釉层的原料组分如下：高岭土20-30份、石英20-30份、长石10-20份、烧滑石10-20、份、硅酸锆1-5份、钛酸钡1-5份。
6.张开型裂纹厚釉白瓷的制备方法，制作要求1-5任意一项所述的张开型裂纹厚釉白瓷及其制作工艺，具体步骤如下：
步骤1，根据内层坯体、爆裂层坯体的原料组分制备内层坯体泥料、爆裂层坯体泥料；
步骤2，使用内层坯体泥料在拉坯机上使用拉坯成型，制成雏坯；
步骤3，将爆裂层泥料覆盖于雏坯外，继续转动拉坯机在雏坯的表明形成爆裂坯体层；
步骤4，使用1100-1200的火焰快速在爆裂坯体层外进行烘烤，至表面形成纵向裂纹；
步骤5，继续转动拉坯成型，雏坯继续扩张使爆裂坯体层顺着裂纹开裂，形成爆裂纹路，坯体制成；
步骤6，等待坯体干燥后，在坯体表面施釉；
步骤7，将施釉后的坯体烧制成型，烧成温度为1330-1335℃，烧成后获得张开型裂纹厚釉白瓷。
7.根据权利要求6所述的张开型裂纹厚釉白瓷制备方法，其特征在于：步骤3中覆盖于雏坯外的爆裂坯体层后，对爆裂坯体层进行修坯，修至的厚度为3-10mm。
8.据权利要求6所述的张开型裂纹厚釉白瓷制备方法，其特征在于：步骤3中使用爆裂坯体层外进行烘烤的时间为10-30秒。
9.根据权利要求6所述的张开型裂纹厚釉白瓷制备方法，其特征在于，所述釉层步骤6中所述釉层的厚度为0.2-0.3mm。
10.根据权利要求6所述的张开型裂纹厚釉白瓷制备方法，其特征在于：步骤7中的烧成温度控制如下：
窑炉经4-5小时，从室温升温至300℃；
窑炉经2-3小时，从300℃升温至800℃；
窑炉经3-4小时，从800℃升温至1200℃；
窑炉经3-4小时，从1200℃升温至烧成温度，并在烧成温度下保温2-3小时；
窑炉停火，经自然降温。
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