CN111869456B - 外源高效分子激发诱导糖心苹果增心的方法 - Google Patents
外源高效分子激发诱导糖心苹果增心的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种外源高效分子激发诱导糖心苹果增心的方法，所述方法包括如下依次的三次处理：第一次处理为在采摘前20～25d向苹果表面喷施绿色高活性复合糖心诱导剂A，喷施厚度为3.5～5.0mm，第二次处理为采摘前1～3d向苹果表面喷施品质保护剂B，喷施厚度为1.0～2.5mm，第三次处理为贮藏前1～2d采用远红外辐射无损增心技术并结合1‑MCP间歇熏脱防腐低温处理。本发明能够满足消费者对果香浓郁、肉质细腻口感及营养物质的摄取，解决了糖心苹果在自然条件下糖心面积过小、糖心美观度差、糖心消失快、果实品质及商品价值不足等难点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食品技术领域，尤其是一种外源高效分子激发诱导糖心苹果增心的方法。
背景技术
阿克苏地区因具有独特的地域优势，昼夜温差大、光照充足等特点，较长的生长期让阿克苏苹果在近果心和维管束附近因糖分积淀丰盈而使果肉细胞间隙充满了一种半透明的水浸状物质，形成了独特品味、久负盛名的“冰糖心”红富士苹果，其果香浓郁、肉质细腻深受消费者喜爱。
但苹果糖心出现是一种现象而非品种因素，这导致霜降后采摘的苹果糖心出现随机、糖心程度不一、糖心消失明显、产品上市较晚，如果能将苹果糖心出现率提高，糖心品质提高，提前上市时间，延缓糖心消失时长，维持贮藏品质，这对夯实阿克苏林果产品的美誉度和国内外竞争力，促进果农增收具有重要现实意义。
导致上述问题主要原因为：
1、由于钙元素缺乏，使果实内山梨糖醇不能被正常转化，引起糖心苹果生理代谢失调，加上阿克苏地区昼夜温差大的因素，白天积累的糖分不能及时代谢，成熟的果实细胞对糖分吸收能力降低，碳水化合物积累在细胞间隙。随着碳水化合物开始凝聚，就会形成独特“冰糖心”。
2、果实成熟期果实中糖分以及营养物质的运输主要靠维管束进行传递，这导致出现“糖心”现象多围绕果实维管束周围。由于苹果生长位置不同，受当地昼夜温差因素，日照因素、霜打因素影响，造成采摘后形成的糖心形状和明显度有差异。
3、在贮藏过程中，由于植物自身生理调节作用，糖心会渐渐扩散到整个苹果中去，导致糖心消失，严重影响苹果上市糖心品质，又因糖心苹果果核空腔褐变腐败导致果皮半透明，果肉糖化，出现裂果，影响果实品质。
现有市面最常见的增心方法有以下几种：如高低温交替增心处理、使用生理调节剂、施用诱导剂等等。这些抗菌材料在使用时都有着一定的制约性：
1、高低温交替增心处理：高耗能，价格较普通糖心苹果高3～4倍；
2、使用生理调节剂：造成糖心苹果果核空腔褐变腐败率高；
3、施用诱导剂：现有赤霉素、油菜素内酯等诱导剂，其利用率低，活性作用时间短且活性弱，维持糖心苹果表面着色度和外观品质有待提高。
整体而言，以上增心方法存在的主要问题是活性低、时效短、难以达到长效的增心和抑制糖心消失效果，目前本领域尚未有促进苹果糖心形成的有效手段。因此有必要提供一种糖促进心形成效果好、延缓糖心消失、提高贮藏时间、维持优质苹果品质的方法。
通过检索，发现如下几篇与本发明专利申请相关的专利公开文献：
1、一种用于红富士苹果树的美果剂配方及其制备方法(CN103651568A)，以赤霉酸、油菜素内酯、芸苔素内酯等配制成美果药剂，应用于红富士苹果采前喷施。
优点：提高红富士果形质量，减少果皮粗糙裂口、日烧、上色差果形指数，增加红富士果实表面的着色度和光洁度，增加单过重和产量。
缺点：现有赤霉酸、油菜素内酯等利用率低，活性作用时间短且活性弱；促进苹果糖心效果尚未涉及。
解决对策：本发明引入纳米SiO2与糖心调节剂，利用超声作用使赤霉素、生长素、油菜素内酯等小以分子形式镶嵌入纳米SiO2层状蜂窝状结构空隙中，有机融合美果剂有效恒分经冷冻干燥后得到粉末状微纳米化合物，提高植物体内光合电子传递链和线粒体呼吸链的利用效率，延长活性作用时间，增强活性功效。
2、南方水果采前品质提高的方法(CN103563664A)，发明了一种由植物源营养液、多胺、氨基酸营养液、水杨酸制剂、改进乙烯抑制剂、矿质多元素营养液或制剂配制而成的品质提升剂。
优点：采前品质提升结合主动保鲜，分阶段、多层次满足果实内源生长激素、果实营养、贮藏品质诸方面需求。
缺点：其主要针对杨、葡萄和蜜梨等南方区域优势水果，对于贮藏期阿克苏糖心苹果上色、香、味及口感等外观及营养品质应用效果未知。
解决对策：本发明纳入微胶囊工艺，引入一氧化氮小分子信号物质，创新微胶囊缓释品质保护剂、微胶囊缓释营养剂，使果蔬化被动保持为主动防控，诱导果蔬自身调节醇积累过程，降低糖化果肉病变，提高抗病、抗冷害等自身抗性形成。
3、一种促进苹果糖心形成的方法(CN201510222501.9)，将严格采摘后的红富士苹果在低温和高温贮存条件下交替处理2-4轮，诱导无糖心的苹果形成糖心的方法。
优点：能促进糖心形成，缩短栽培周期，提高苹果近果核果肉处总糖含量，提前上市时间。
缺点：高低温交替增心处理高耗能，价格较普通糖心苹果高，且该专利均针对果实单方面诱导糖心形成，尚未涉及糖心维持以及果核空腔褐变抑制。
解决对策：本发明在储存前纳入低温1-MCP间歇熏脱防腐处理，提升采前品质主动结合保鲜，抑制果皮组织表面外源微生物的侵入，低温贮藏抑制贮藏期糖心苹果果核空腔褐变，维持糖心稳定减缓扩散速率。
通过检索，本发明专利申请与上述专利公开专利文献存在本质的不同。
发明内容
本发明目的在于克服现有技术中的不足之处，提供一种外源高效分子激发诱导糖心苹果增心的方法。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：
一种外源高效分子激发诱导糖心苹果增心的方法，所述方法包括如下依次的三次处理：第一次处理为在采摘前20～25d向苹果表面喷施绿色高活性复合糖心诱导剂A，喷施厚度为3.5～5.0mm，第二次处理为采摘前1～3d向苹果表面喷施品质保护剂B，喷施厚度为1.0～2.5mm，第三次处理为贮藏前1～2d采用远红外辐射无损增心技术并结合1-MCP间歇熏脱防腐低温处理。
而且，每1L绿色高活性复合糖心诱导剂A的制备步骤如下：
取赤霉素、生长素、油菜素内酯、植酸，用乙醇溶解后再加入水中，置于40～60℃下搅拌至均匀溶解形成混合镶嵌溶液，加入纳米SiO2，经35～65kHz且100W～3000W功率的超声处理25～35min，加水定容至1L得到稳定粉末状纳米混合液，即得绿色高活性复合糖心诱导剂A；
其中，赤霉素的终浓度为70～100mg/L，生长素的终浓度为70～100mg/L，油菜素内酯的终浓度为0.3～0.8mg/L，植酸的终浓度为10～15mg/L，乙醇的体积终浓度为60～65％，纳米SiO2的终浓度为3～6mg/L。
而且，所述品质保护剂B的制备步骤如下：
首先，将精氨酸、水杨酸甲酯、茉莉酸甲酯溶解在水中，再加入壳聚糖，于40～50℃下保温25～35min，在上述溶液中加入SOD制剂，加水定容至1L的混合溶液，经冷却、过滤，滤出物经干燥后得到粉末状组分C；
其中，所述精氨酸的终浓度为5.0～10mg/L、水杨酸甲酯的终浓度为5～15mmol/L、茉莉酸甲酯的终浓度为5.0～10mg/L，壳聚糖的终浓度为5～15g/L，SOD制剂的终浓度为1.0～2.5g/L；
其次，将壳聚糖溶于其质量85～100倍的蒸馏水中，再通入一氧化氮气体于壳聚糖溶液中，按照每1.5～2.5g壳聚糖溶液通入3～5ml的一氧化氮气体比例添加，在50～60℃下搅拌3～3.5h形成稳定包合物，经冷却、过滤，滤出物经喷雾干燥后得到粉末状组分D，喷雾干燥条件为进口温度为130～180℃，风机功率为80％～95％，进样量为20～25mL/min，出口温度为75～85℃；
最后，将粉末状组分C：粉末状组分D以质量比为4.0～4.5:3.5～3.8的比例混合，即得即得粉末状复合品质保护剂B；
在使用前，将粉末状复合品质保护剂和蒸馏水混匀，粉末状复合品质保护剂：蒸馏水的质量比为5.8～7.2:0.9～1.2，即得60～70mg/L的液体品质保护剂B。
而且，所述远红外辐射无损增心技术的处理条件为：
远红外波长为15～40μm、辐射源的温度为40～70℃、远红外辐射的辐射源距待处理物料的距离为10～20cm。
而且，所述1-MCP间歇熏脱防腐低温处理的具体处理为：
在低温贮存过程中添加1-MCP，浓度为400～450nl/L，低温条件为：0℃±0.5℃，氧气浓度21％，二氧化碳浓度0.3％。
本发明取得的优点和积极效果为：
1、本发明方法中以赤霉素、生长素、油菜素内酯作为糖心调节剂，纳入纳米材料SiO2，经超声作用后以小分子形式镶嵌入纳米SiO2层状蜂窝状结构空隙中，有机融合再经冷冻干燥后得到粉末状微纳米复合物。一方面增强植物体内糖代谢，诱导山梨糖醇积累过程，促进糖心形成。另一方面提高植物体内光合电子传递链和线粒体呼吸链的利用效率，延长活性作用时间，增强活性功效。本发明能够满足消费者对果香浓郁、肉质细腻口感及营养物质的摄取，解决了糖心苹果在自然条件下糖心面积过小、糖心美观度差、糖心消失快、果实品质及商品价值不足等难点。
2、本发明方法中纳入微胶囊包埋工艺，引入一氧化氮小分子信号物质，使用时用水溶液破壁释放，与水溶液中的其他物质协同作用于苹果表面，诱导果蔬自身调节醇积累过程，降低糖化果肉病变，促使果蔬化被动保持为主动防控，提高抗病、抗冷害等自身抗性形成。
3、本发明方法中组分中添加的精氨酸成分，作为果实中糖代谢过程中多种生物活性物质的合成前体，能显著提高糖代谢能力，积累山梨糖醇，促进糖心形成。同时精氨酸也是酯类物质活性物质前提，提升糖心苹果风味组成。当精氨酸被植物及果蔬组织吸收后，能生成多胺和一氧化氮等植物中重要信使分子，增强糖心苹果的抗病性以及抑制乙烯生成，延缓衰老。从而整体上形成“采前糖心诱导+采后品质提升+贮藏期主动保鲜”全程模式。
4、本发明在糖心苹果贮藏前，纳入远红外辐射无损增心技术处理，结合1-MCP间歇熏脱防腐低温处理。一方面远红外辐射能产生细胞内应激反应，诱导生物活性小分子，提高电子传递链的速率，促进山梨糖醇的积累，形成糖心。另一方面，远红外辐射具有钝酶机理，有效抑制糖心苹果组织内多酚氧化酶的活性，降低临位酚氧化为醌积累为褐色色素反应，避免了贮藏期糖心果肉病变、糖心变黑问题，有效抑制糖心扩散。此外，为获得更好的防腐效果、延长糖心苹果贮藏期，低温贮存前添加防腐剂1-MCP，抑制果皮组织表面外源微生物的侵入，低温贮藏抑制贮藏期糖心苹果果核空腔褐变，维持糖心稳定，减缓扩散速率。
5、本发明针对背景技术所提出的问题，具体提供了相应的解决方案：形成含镶嵌赤霉素、生长素分子的纳米复合物，可诱导糖心积累，加强糖心圈深度，使糖心晶莹剔透；油菜素内酯可提高果实含糖量，使果实糖酸比明显增大，香气增浓；通过对糖心苹果喷施复合外源物质，促进果实的光合作用，诱导果实中木糖醇的形成，促进糖心形成，促进果实转红、增色。加入信号前体物质精氨酸及信号小分子NO、H2O2，可降低糖化果肉病变，提高抗病、抗冷害能力。纳入远红外辐射无损二次增心技术处理，能有效抑制糖心苹果组织内多酚氧化酶的活性，避免了贮藏期糖心果肉病变、糖心变黑、糖心外渗问题，有效抑制糖心扩散。
附图说明
图1为本发明方法的一种工艺流程示意图；
图2为本发明中采前25d施加A处理、A与B共处理、远红外辐射与A、B共作用处理情况图；
图3为本发明中100x扫描电镜下经糖心诱导剂A处理贮藏150d后的部位细胞结构图；
图4为本发明中品质保护剂B是否含有精氨酸成分处理结果图；
图5为本发明中不同远红外辐射波长范围对PPO的抑制效果图。
具体实施方式
下面详细叙述本发明的实施例，需要说明的是，本实施例是叙述性的，不是限定性的，不能以此限定本发明的保护范围。
本发明中所使用的原料，如无特殊说明，均为常规的市售产品；本发明中所使用的方法，如无特殊说明，均为本领域的常规方法。
一种外源高效分子激发诱导糖心苹果增心的方法，所述方法包括如下依次的三次处理：第一次处理为在采摘前20～25d向苹果表面喷施绿色高活性复合糖心诱导剂A，喷施厚度为3.5～5.0mm，第二次处理为采摘前1～3d向苹果表面喷施品质保护剂B，喷施厚度为1.0～2.5mm，第三次处理为贮藏前1～2d采用远红外辐射无损增心技术并结合1-MCP间歇熏脱防腐低温处理。如图1所示。
较优地，每1L绿色高活性复合糖心诱导剂A的制备步骤如下：
取赤霉素、生长素、油菜素内酯、植酸，用乙醇溶解后再加入水中，置于40～60℃下搅拌至均匀溶解形成混合镶嵌溶液，加入纳米SiO2，经35～65kHz且100W～3000W功率的超声处理25～35min，加水定容至1L得到稳定粉末状纳米混合液，即得绿色高活性复合糖心诱导剂A；
其中，赤霉素的终浓度为70～100mg/L，生长素的终浓度为70～100mg/L，油菜素内酯的终浓度为0.3～0.8mg/L，植酸的终浓度为10～15mg/L，乙醇的体积终浓度为60～65％，纳米SiO2的终浓度为3～6mg/L。
较优地，所述品质保护剂B的制备步骤如下：
首先，将精氨酸、水杨酸甲酯、茉莉酸甲酯溶解在水中，再加入壳聚糖，于40～50℃下保温25～35min，在上述溶液中加入SOD制剂，加水定容至1L的混合溶液，经冷却、过滤，滤出物经干燥后得到粉末状组分C；
其中，所述精氨酸的终浓度为5.0～10mg/L、水杨酸甲酯的终浓度为5～15mmol/L、茉莉酸甲酯的终浓度为5.0～10mg/L，壳聚糖的终浓度为5～15g/L，SOD制剂的终浓度为1.0～2.5g/L；
其次，将壳聚糖溶于其质量85～100倍的蒸馏水中，再通入一氧化氮气体于壳聚糖溶液中，按照每1.5～2.5g壳聚糖溶液通入3～5ml的一氧化氮气体比例添加，在50～60℃下搅拌3～3.5h形成稳定包合物，经冷却、过滤，滤出物经喷雾干燥后得到粉末状组分D，喷雾干燥条件为进口温度为130～180℃，风机功率为80％～95％，进样量为20～25mL/min，出口温度为75～85℃；
最后，将粉末状组分C：粉末状组分D以质量比为4.0～4.5:3.5～3.8的比例混合，即得即得粉末状复合品质保护剂B；
在使用前，将粉末状复合品质保护剂和蒸馏水混匀，粉末状复合品质保护剂：蒸馏水的质量比为5.8～7.2:0.9～1.2，即得60～70mg/L的液体品质保护剂B。
较优地，所述远红外辐射无损增心技术的处理条件为：
远红外波长为15～40μm、辐射源的温度为40～70℃、远红外辐射的辐射源距待处理物料的距离为10～20cm。
较优地，所述1-MCP间歇熏脱防腐低温处理的具体处理为：
在低温贮存过程中添加1-MCP，浓度为400～450nl/L，低温条件为：0℃±0.5℃，氧气浓度21％，二氧化碳浓度0.3％。
相关制备及检测如下：
1、本发明方法能够促进糖心，品质改善，抑制糖心果肉病变，糖心变黑；能够增强植物体内糖代谢，诱导山梨糖醇积累过程，促进糖心形成；的相关内容验证结果如图2所示：
在该结果中，每组实验果实480个，重复三次平行试验。在贮藏时间150d内，未作任何处理的CK组，在贮藏50d内缓慢出现糖心，随后糖心消失，且糖心果肉出现病变，糖心变黑。施用诱导剂处理的A组试验果，果肉糖心与CK相比，糖心明显，糖心圈是CK组8倍，在整个贮藏期内果核裂状明显，但在贮藏期150d时糖心出现外渗，糖心逐渐不稳定。对A组进行升级，在采摘前1d时，再施用品质保护剂B，图中第一行、第二行、第三行为该结果，能有效积累山梨糖醇，果核裂状病变显著较少，贮藏150d时，糖心外渗情况降低，糖心美观度高。经远红外辐处理的糖心苹果，糖心圈更大又美观，在贮藏150d内，无糖心病变、糖心无黑、且糖心稳定不扩散、不外渗，这主要由于远红外辐射能产生细胞内应激反应，诱导生物活性小分子，提高电子传递链的速率，且发挥钝酶机理，以促进山梨糖醇的积累，形成糖心。
由此可见，本发明方法能够促进糖心，品质改善，抑制糖心果肉病变，糖心变黑；能够增强植物体内糖代谢，诱导山梨糖醇积累过程，促进糖心形成；水溶液破壁释放，与水溶液中的其他物质协同作用于苹果表面，诱导果蔬自身调节醇积累过程，降低糖化果肉病变，促使果蔬化被动保持为主动防控，提高抗病、抗冷害等自身抗性形成；能够远红外辐射能产生细胞内应激反应，诱导生物活性小分子，提高电子传递链的速率，促进山梨糖醇的积累，形成糖心；远红外辐射具有钝酶机理，有效抑制糖心苹果组织内多酚氧化酶的活性，降低临位酚氧化为醌积累为褐色色素反应，避免了贮藏期糖心果肉病变、糖心变黑问题，有效抑制糖心扩散。
2、本发明中提高植物体内光合电子传递链和线粒体呼吸链的利用效率，延长活性作用时间，增强活性功效的相关验证结果见图3：
CK组，随着贮藏时间延长，组织细胞结构严重破损，空隙显著增大，细胞破坏程度加强，病害部位突出表现为不完善的质量缺陷。与CK组相比，经糖心诱导剂A处理后的组织细胞贮藏150d前后，细胞空隙、细胞破损率大致相同，表明糖心结构较稳定、病害发生率低，这主要与植物体内光合电子传递链和线粒体呼吸链的利用效率提高，活性作用时间延长，活性功效增强有关。
3、本发明组分中添加的精氨酸成分，作为果实中糖代谢过程中多种生物活性物质的合成前体，能显著提高糖代谢能力，积累山梨糖醇，促进糖心形成的相关验证结果见图4；；
本发明中当精氨酸被植物及果蔬组织吸收后，能生成多胺和一氧化氮等植物中重要信使分子，增强糖心苹果的抗病性以及抑制乙烯生成，延缓衰老的相关验证结果见图4、表1：
与CK组相比，品质保护剂能显著提高提供新苹果抗病能力，显著抑制糖心变黑率、提高抗冷害能力。未含有精氨酸组与含有精氨酸组试验结果相比较，含精氨酸成分的品质保护剂处理的糖心苹果，糖心圈显著，糖心品质较好，对山梨糖醇累积效应更突出，果核裂开病变情况显著降低，最主要与精氨酸作为糖代谢过程中多种少年宫无活性物质的合成前体，以及释放的NO信使分子因素有关。
表1有无精氨酸的品质保护剂B对糖心苹果贮藏期间果实衰老参数的影响
注：数值为平均值±标准差，相同字母的平均值在P≤0.05时无显著差异
在糖心苹果果实中，贮藏150d后，测定的与衰老有关的品质参数，见表1。糖心苹果衰老进程通常由果实腐烂率、可溶性固形物、果实硬度、失水率这几个生理和生化变化的组合来定义。经处理后的果实可溶性固形物、可溶性糖和可滴定酸度均低于对照，说明糖心诱导剂和品质保护剂能延缓果实衰老，但是含精氨酸的品质保护剂失水率、腐烂率、可溶性固形物最低，且极显著的降低了果肉硬度的下降，减缓了果实软化过程。这主要与精氨酸被植物及果蔬组织吸收后，能转化成苹果组织内重要信使分子，抑制乙烯生成，延缓衰老有关。
4、不同远红外辐射波长范围对PPO的抑制效果见图5，与CK对比，经远红外辐射处理PPO抑制率显著提高，显著抑制糖心苹果组织内多酚氧化酶的活性，这主要与远红外辐射具有钝酶机理有关。在30μm处，抑制率最高，高达近50％，15～40μm抑制效果均明显。表明了远红外辐射处理能有效避免贮藏期糖心果肉病变、糖心变黑问题、抑制糖心扩散的能力。
尽管为说明目的公开了本发明的实施例，但是本领域的技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本发明及所附权利要求的精神和范围内，各种替换、变化和修改都是可能的，因此，本发明的范围不局限于实施例所公开的内容。
Claims (3)
1.一种外源高效分子激发诱导糖心苹果增心的方法，其特征在于：所述方法包括如下依次的三次处理：第一次处理为在采摘前20~25d向苹果表面喷施绿色高活性复合糖心诱导剂A，喷施厚度为3.5~5.0mm，第二次处理为采摘前1~3d向苹果表面喷施品质保护剂B，喷施厚度为1.0~2.5mm，第三次处理为贮藏前1~2d采用远红外辐射无损增心技术并结合1-MCP间歇熏脱防腐低温处理；
每1L绿色高活性复合糖心诱导剂A的制备步骤如下：
取赤霉素、生长素、油菜素内酯、植酸，用乙醇溶解后再加入水中，置于40~60℃下搅拌至均匀溶解形成混合镶嵌溶液，加入纳米SiO2，经35~65kHz且100W~3000W功率的超声处理25~35min，加水定容至1L得到稳定粉末状纳米混合液，即得绿色高活性复合糖心诱导剂A；
其中，赤霉素的终浓度为70~100 mg/L，生长素的终浓度为70~100 mg/L，油菜素内酯的终浓度为0.3~0.8 mg/L，植酸的终浓度为10~15mg/L，乙醇的体积终浓度为60~65%，纳米SiO2的终浓度为3~6mg/L；
所述品质保护剂B的制备步骤如下：
首先，将精氨酸、水杨酸甲酯、茉莉酸甲酯溶解在水中，再加入壳聚糖，于40~50℃下保温25~35min，在上述溶液中加入SOD制剂，加水定容至1L的混合溶液，经冷却、过滤，滤出物经干燥后得到粉末状组分C；
其中，所述精氨酸的终浓度为5.0~10mg/L、水杨酸甲酯的终浓度为5~15mmol/L、茉莉酸甲酯的终浓度为5.0~10mg/L，壳聚糖的终浓度为5~15g/L，SOD制剂的终浓度为1.0~2.5g/L；
其次，将壳聚糖溶于其质量85~100倍的蒸馏水中，再通入一氧化氮气体于壳聚糖溶液中，按照每1.5~2.5g壳聚糖溶液通入3~5ml的一氧化氮气体比例添加，在50~60℃下搅拌3~3.5h形成稳定包合物，经冷却、过滤，滤出物经喷雾干燥后得到粉末状组分D，喷雾干燥条件为进口温度为130~180℃，风机功率为80%~95%，进样量为20~25mL/min，出口温度为75~85℃；
最后，将粉末状组分C：粉末状组分D以质量比为4.0~4.5:3.5~3.8的比例混合，即得粉末状复合品质保护剂B；
在使用前，将粉末状复合品质保护剂和蒸馏水混匀，粉末状复合品质保护剂：蒸馏水的质量比为5.8~7.2:0.9~1.2，即得60~70mg/L的液体品质保护剂B。
2.根据权利要求1所述的外源高效分子激发诱导糖心苹果增心的方法，其特征在于：所述远红外辐射无损增心技术的处理条件为：
远红外波长为15~40μm、辐射源的温度为40~70℃、远红外辐射的辐射源距待处理物料的距离为 10~20cm。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的外源高效分子激发诱导糖心苹果增心的方法，其特征在于：所述1-MCP间歇熏脱防腐低温处理的具体处理为：
在低温贮存过程中添加1-MCP，浓度为400~450nl/L，低温条件为：0℃±0.5℃，氧气浓度21%，二氧化碳浓度0.3%。
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