CN111758549A - Isolation and pollination method for single sunflower plant - Google Patents
Isolation and pollination method for single sunflower plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN111758549A CN111758549A CN201911245966.0A CN201911245966A CN111758549A CN 111758549 A CN111758549 A CN 111758549A CN 201911245966 A CN201911245966 A CN 201911245966A CN 111758549 A CN111758549 A CN 111758549A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
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- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a sunflower single-plant isolation and pollination method, and belongs to the technical field of new plant variety cultivation. The method comprises the following steps of fixing and isolating flower buds of sunflowers (pollen-taking plants) needing pollen taking and sunflowers (pollination plants) needing pollination through a mesh bag and a fixed rod, and opening mesh bags of the pollen-taking plants and the pollination plants respectively to take pollen and pollinate when pollination is needed, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps: the pollen pollination method comprises the steps of respectively symmetrically arranging two fixing rods on two sides of a pollen taking plant and a pollination plant, sleeving a flower bud of sunflower and the upper parts of the two fixing rods in a mesh bag together for fixing and isolating, wherein the mesh bag is provided with an opening capable of being opened and closed. By supporting the mesh bag by the fixing rod, the stalk-breaking rate of the upper part of the plant during flowering is significantly reduced compared to that under the conventional method. The leaves sleeved in the mesh bag can be freely unfolded, and the normal growth of plants can not be influenced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new plant variety cultivation, and particularly relates to a sunflower single plant isolation and pollination method.
Background
Sunflower is a cross-pollinated crop, insects are the main medium for pollination, and no matter breeding a self-bred line or configuring a hybrid combination, the sunflower needs to be isolated by a net bag and is subjected to artificial pollination. At present, a mesh bag with 60 meshes and 40 multiplied by 50cm in size is adopted for isolation in breeding, and a nylon rope is penetrated through a bag opening. The bagging is generally carried out when the flower bud (or small flower disc) grows to about 10cm and the yellow core is spitted out, the bag opening faces downwards when the bagging is carried out, the flower bud (or small flower disc), the upper stem and part of leaves are sleeved into the bag together, then the bag opening is tightened, and the nylon rope is tightened, so that the isolation effect (preventing insects from penetrating into or blowing into pollen) is achieved. The bag is firstly removed in artificial pollination, the nylon rope is firstly untied when the bag is removed, the bag opening is opened, the mesh bag is removed, then the pollen or stigma is lightly stained with the powder puff, and finally the mesh bag is sleeved, thus completing the 1-time powder taking or pollination. The sunflower blossoming is gradually opened from outside to inside, the flowering time is long (about 1 week to 10 days), and each individual plant needs to be pollinated for 3 to 4 times to complete the flowering thoroughly. Under the condition, on one hand, the upper parts of the stalks are easy to generate stem folds or damage leaves, and on the other hand, the workload of repeatedly bagging, unloading and pollinating by using the powder puff is larger.
In the prior art, because the flower buds (or small flower discs) are small, the mesh bag is large, when the flower buds (or small flower discs) are sleeved with the mesh bag, the flower buds (or small flower discs) must be sleeved deeply, if the flower buds (or small flower discs) are too shallow, firstly, the operation is not easy, and secondly, the stem folding is more easily caused. Usually the sleeve is deeply sheathed, then the mouth is sealed and finally the rope is tied. In the method, the leaves sleeved in the net bag are easy to knead into a ball to damage the petioles, and the larger defect is that the gravity of the whole net bag is concentrated on the flower buds (or small flower discs), the upper stems bear larger pressure, and the net bag has large area and is easy to attract wind or when wind blows, the net bag inclines to pull the flower buds (or small flower discs) downwards, so that the upper stems are fragile, thin and easy to bend or even fold during flowering. When the bag is unloaded, the rope needs to be untied, then the opening needs to be opened, and finally the bag is pulled out upwards. The pollination of a sunflower plant needs 3-4 times, so that repeated bagging and unloading are needed, repeated mouth tightening, rope tying, rope untying and mouth opening are needed, and the workload is large.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved by the invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the existing sunflower pollination process is complicated and not simple enough.
2. Technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to a sunflower single-plant isolation and pollination method, wherein buds of a pollen-taking plant and a pollination plant are fixed and isolated through a mesh bag and a fixed rod respectively, and when pollination is needed, the mesh bags of the pollen-taking plant and the pollination plant are opened respectively to take pollen and pollinate.
Preferably, the method specifically comprises: the bilateral symmetry of the sunflower that keeps apart the pollination in needs is provided with two dead levers, keeps apart the bud of sunflower through the pocket to fix the pocket on the dead lever top, be equipped with the opening that can open and shut on the pocket, when pollinating, take off the pocket of getting the pollen plant earlier, take out pollen, sheathe the in the pocket again, close the pocket mouth, then open and take off the pollination plant pocket, glue the pollen gently on the column head, sheathe in the pocket at last and close the pocket mouth, accomplish a pollination.
Preferably, the distance between the two fixing rods is 30-40 cm.
Preferably, the opening of the mesh bag is downwards sleeved on the flower buds and the upper parts of the fixing rods, and the opening of the mesh bag is closed after the sleeving is completed.
Preferably, two surfaces of magic tapes are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the opening of the mesh bag, and the two surfaces of the magic tapes are mutually attached to enable the opening of the mesh bag to be completely closed.
Preferably, the mesh size of the mesh bag is 60 mesh (i.e., 60 uniform pores per square inch of area).
Preferably, the height of two said fixing bars is the same as the height of the sunflower to be isolated pollinated.
Preferably, the pollen extraction may be done by picking a leaf near the bottom of the non-bagged individual, and lightly sticking the flower bud with the back of the leaf.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention relates to a sunflower single-plant isolation and pollination method, wherein the flower buds of sunflower of pollen-taking plants and pollination plants are fixed and isolated through a mesh bag and a fixed rod, when pollination is needed, the mesh bags of the pollen-taking plants and the pollination plants are respectively opened for pollination, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: the pollen pollination device is characterized in that two fixing rods are symmetrically arranged on two sides of a pollen taking plant and a pollination plant respectively, buds of sunflowers and the upper parts of the fixing rods are sleeved in a mesh bag together for isolation and fixation, an opening capable of being opened and closed is formed in the mesh bag, when pollination is carried out, the mesh bag for the pollen taking plant is taken down, pollen is taken out firstly, then the mesh bag is sleeved, a mesh bag opening is closed, then the mesh bag for the pollination plant is opened and taken down, pollen is lightly adhered to a column head, and finally the mesh bag is sleeved to close the mesh bag opening, so that primary pollination is completed. By supporting the mesh bag by the fixing rod, the stalk-breaking rate of the upper part of the plant during flowering is significantly reduced compared to that under the conventional method. The leaves sleeved in the mesh bag can be freely unfolded, and the normal growth of plants can not be influenced.
Detailed Description
Example 1
According to the method for isolating and pollinating the single sunflower plant, the flower buds of the sunflower to be pollinated and the flower buds of the sunflower to be pollinated are fixed and isolated through the mesh bags and the fixing rods, and when pollination is needed, the mesh bags of the pollen-extracting plant and the pollination plant are opened respectively to extract and pollinate.
The method specifically comprises the following steps: two fixing rods are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the sunflower which needs to be pollinated in an isolated mode, the flower buds of the sunflower and the upper portions of the fixing rods are sleeved in a mesh bag together for fixing and isolating, an opening capable of being opened and closed is formed in the mesh bag, when pollination is conducted, the mesh bag for taking pollen plants is taken down firstly, pollen is taken out, then the mesh bag for taking the pollen plants is sleeved, a mesh bag opening is closed, then the mesh bag for taking the pollination plants is opened and taken down, the pollen is lightly adhered to a column head, and finally the mesh bag is sleeved to close the mesh bag opening, so that primary pollination is completed. By supporting the mesh bag by the fixing rod, the stalk-breaking rate of the upper part of the plant during flowering is significantly reduced compared to that under the conventional method. The leaves sleeved in the mesh bag can be freely unfolded, and the normal growth of plants can not be influenced.
The distance between the two fixing rods is 30-40 cm.
The opening of the mesh bag is downwards sleeved on the upper parts of the flower buds and the fixed rods, and the opening of the mesh bag is closed after the sleeving is completed.
Two surfaces of magic tapes are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the opening of the mesh bag, and the two surfaces of the magic tapes are mutually attached to enable the opening of the mesh bag to be completely closed. The magic tape replaces a nylon rope, so that the procedures of tying and untying the rope, opening and the like are omitted when the bag is sleeved, the workload is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.
The mesh size of the mesh bag is 60 mesh (60 uniform holes per square inch area).
The height of the two fixing rods is the same as that of the sunflower which needs isolated pollination.
The pollen taking can be completed by picking a leaf close to the bottom of a non-bagged single plant and slightly sticking the back of the leaf on a flower bud. The back of the bottom leaf is selected because no other pollen falls off from the bottom leaf, and the powder stringing is effectively prevented.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express a certain implementation mode of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention; it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, variations and modifications can be made without departing ┅ from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the invention; therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A sunflower single plant isolation and pollination method is characterized in that: the flower buds of the pollen-taking plant and the pollination plant are fixed and isolated through a mesh bag and a fixing rod, and when pollination is needed, the mesh bags of the pollen-taking plant and the pollination plant are opened respectively to take pollen and pollinate.
2. The method for isolation and pollination of a sunflower individual plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the method specifically comprises the following steps: the pollen pollination machine is characterized in that two fixing rods are symmetrically arranged on two sides of a pollen taking plant and a pollination plant respectively, buds of sunflowers are isolated through mesh bags, the mesh bags are fixed through the fixing rods, openings capable of being opened and closed are formed in the mesh bags, during pollination, the mesh bags for the pollen taking plants are taken down, pollen is taken out, the mesh bags are sleeved, mesh openings are closed, then the mesh bags for the pollination plants are opened and taken down, pollen is lightly adhered to the column heads, and finally the mesh openings are closed by sleeving the mesh bags, so that one-time pollination is completed.
3. The method for isolation and pollination of a sunflower individual plant as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the distance between the two fixing rods is 30-40 cm.
4. The method for isolation and pollination of a sunflower individual plant as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the opening of the mesh bag is downwards sleeved on the upper parts of the flower buds and the fixed rods, and the opening of the mesh bag is closed after the sleeving is completed.
5. The method for isolation and pollination of a sunflower individual plant as claimed in claim 2, wherein: two surfaces of magic tapes are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the opening of the mesh bag, and the two surfaces of the magic tapes are mutually attached to enable the opening of the mesh bag to be completely closed.
6. The method for isolation and pollination of a sunflower individual plant as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the mesh size of the mesh bag is 60 mesh (i.e., 60 uniform holes per square inch of area).
7. The method for isolation and pollination of a sunflower individual plant as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the height of the two fixing rods is the same as that of the sunflower which needs isolated pollination.
8. The method for isolation and pollination of a sunflower individual plant as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the pollen taking can be completed by picking a leaf close to the bottom of a non-bagged single plant and slightly sticking the back of the leaf on a flower bud.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911245966.0A CN111758549A (en) | 2019-12-07 | 2019-12-07 | Isolation and pollination method for single sunflower plant |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911245966.0A CN111758549A (en) | 2019-12-07 | 2019-12-07 | Isolation and pollination method for single sunflower plant |
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| CN111758549A true CN111758549A (en) | 2020-10-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201911245966.0A Pending CN111758549A (en) | 2019-12-07 | 2019-12-07 | Isolation and pollination method for single sunflower plant |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102334445A (en) * | 2010-07-16 | 2012-02-01 | 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 | Pollination method for purity-conservation Chinese cabbage breeding material |
| CN104823831A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-08-12 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Sunflower inbred line single flower isolation breeding method |
| CN205727478U (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2016-11-30 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | A kind of tobacco breeding isolation mesh bag |
| CN107173218A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-09-19 | 陕西稻香网络科技有限公司 | A kind of method that mesh bag isolation external source pollen realizes plant selfing |
| CN107372091A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-11-24 | 颍上县田菊家庭农场 | A kind of isolating device for muskmelon pollination |
| CN207054261U (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2018-03-02 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of fresh idea bagging for plant hybridization breeding |
| CN207653227U (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-07-27 | 玉溪中烟种子有限责任公司 | Mesh bag is isolated in tobacco hybridization breeding |
-
2019
- 2019-12-07 CN CN201911245966.0A patent/CN111758549A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102334445A (en) * | 2010-07-16 | 2012-02-01 | 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 | Pollination method for purity-conservation Chinese cabbage breeding material |
| CN104823831A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-08-12 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Sunflower inbred line single flower isolation breeding method |
| CN205727478U (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2016-11-30 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | A kind of tobacco breeding isolation mesh bag |
| CN207054261U (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2018-03-02 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of fresh idea bagging for plant hybridization breeding |
| CN107173218A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-09-19 | 陕西稻香网络科技有限公司 | A kind of method that mesh bag isolation external source pollen realizes plant selfing |
| CN107372091A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-11-24 | 颍上县田菊家庭农场 | A kind of isolating device for muskmelon pollination |
| CN207653227U (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-07-27 | 玉溪中烟种子有限责任公司 | Mesh bag is isolated in tobacco hybridization breeding |
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Application publication date: 20201013 |