CN104585023B - A kind of distant hybridization method of havergrass and common wheat - Google Patents
A kind of distant hybridization method of havergrass and common wheat Download PDFInfo
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- CN104585023B CN104585023B CN201510031809.5A CN201510031809A CN104585023B CN 104585023 B CN104585023 B CN 104585023B CN 201510031809 A CN201510031809 A CN 201510031809A CN 104585023 B CN104585023 B CN 104585023B
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- havergrass
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Abstract
The present invention relates to wheat hybridizing technical field, disclose the distant hybridization method of a kind of havergrass and common wheat, common wheat is as female parent, havergrass is as male parent, and maternal dispersion is planted, and male parent is uniformly planted around female parent, multiple male parents that one female parent and described female parent are planted in around constitute the hybridization system of female many fathers, or male parent dispersion plantation, female parent is uniformly planted around male parent, the multiple maternal hybridization system forming the many mothers of father of plantation around a male parent and described male parent.The distant hybridization method of havergrass provided by the invention and common wheat, eliminate and existing crossover process is chosen this process of male parent tassel, substantially increase efficiency and the simple operation of hybridization, simultaneously, Parent mixed seeding also achieves the distant hybridization of havergrass and common wheat better, solves havergrass and the cross-infertile difficult problem of common wheat.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wheat hybridizing technical field, be specifically related to the distant hybridization method of a kind of havergrass and common wheat.
Background technology
Being typically all in existing wheat hybridizing process Parent separately plantation, maternal fixing, the tassel of male parent is to choose temporarily.
Existing crossover process mainly has following step:
(1) selection of parent
By namely fixed cross combination, select to physically well develop, healthy and strong, without pest and disease damage, the extraction of fringe handle is from base portion sheath about 3～6cm, but not yet blooms, and namely the main fringe of the immature plant of flower pesticide is as female parent.
(2) whole fringe
First cutting off the small ear of tassel top and base portion before maternal emasculation with shears, grow healthy and strong small ear for 8～10 that only retain middle part, then remove hypogenetic little Hua in the middle part of each small ear with tweezers folder, each small ear only stays two flowers of base portion.Awns and the coetonium top 1/4～1/3 of every little Hua is cut off again with shears.
(3) emasculation
Being clipped between left hand thumb and middle finger by the wheat head after whole fringe, gently press with forefinger coetonium top to make interior coetonium open, right hand tweezers insert in interior coetonium joint close gently, clamp the top of three flower pesticide, press from both sides out light and slowly.Note flower pesticide not clipped broken, the stigma and interior coetonium of can not damaging.If once clip broken flower pesticide, at this moment should extract this flower, and cleaning forceps tips with cotton ball soaked in alcohol, to kill attached superincumbent pollen.To count during folder whether clear three flower pesticide all take only.
Emasculation to have certain order, from bottom to top or from top to bottom can, gone to side to remove opposite side again, be sequentially carried out, in order to avoid omitting.During emasculation, as found, flower pesticide turns yellow, then should be noted that whether flower pesticide breaks, and generally, such little Hua can not use again, it should be removed.Pressed from both sides the flower pesticide turned yellow or finished a kind when separately changing a kind, also used tweezers disinfected in alcohol, in case pollen is taken in other flowers or kind.
After maternal tassel emasculation, it is necessary to entangle isolation with Corii Caprae seu Ovis paper bag immediately, in case other pollen are incoming.The paper bag put to fold, and pins with paperclip or pin, in order to avoid being blown away.
(4) collection of pollen and pollination
When the stigma of emasculation flower is pinniform bifurcated, represents that stigma is ripe, should pollinate in time.After being typically in emasculation during the morning 9 of 2～4 days before and during afternoon 4 after carry out pollination better.
Being generally adopted sth. made by twisting fringe method to pollinate, crossing work efficiency is high, and setting percentage is also high.The step twisting with the fingers the pollination of fringe method is: first select male parent fringe.Male parent fringe should be physically well develop, healthy and strong, without pest and disease damage, and the tassel of little the flowers are in blossom the mistake of the existing small part of middle part small ear.Male parent fringe (staying 3 fringe handles) is cut with shears, cut off awns and the small ear can not bloomed the same day at once, and the clever shell of little Hua is cut 1/3, after holding 1 minute, maternal paper bag top is cut off with shears, being inserted in paper bag by whole good male parent fringe, fringe handle should be exposed at outside paper bag, seals paper bag suitable for reading.After 5～10 minutes, gently twist fringe handle with have gentle hands so that it is rotate a few around maternal fringe.Afterwards, take out male parent fringe, immediately with pin suitable for reading for paper bag folding not good.As long as general male parent fringe has 2～3 good loose powder of flower pesticide just can meet the needs of pollination.
Paper bag on maternal fringe is regained together with tassel when can remain into results always.If Parent is inconsistent for florescence, to adjust sowing time at seeding time, accomplish flower synchronization as far as possible.Semen Tritici aestivi generally all can be bloomed round the clock, but more to bloom daytime.Bloom daytime and have two peaks.Much more general when the morning 5～10 and during afternoon 16～20.But the time on peak of blooming is different and different with weather conditions with kind, area.
Currently, the narrow problem of Wheat Germplasm Resources is still unresolved, and owing to havergrass class wild resource contains relatively abundant merit gene, but common wheat is highly difficult with the distant hybridization of havergrass, mainly can not be normally solid, this has had a strong impact on the utilization of havergrass class resource.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the distant hybridization method of a kind of havergrass and common wheat, the method achieve the distant hybridization of havergrass and common wheat, solve havergrass and the cross-infertile difficult problem of common wheat.
In order to realize object above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of distant hybridization method of havergrass and common wheat, common wheat is as female parent, havergrass is as male parent, maternal dispersion plantation, male parent is uniformly planted around female parent, and multiple male parents that a female parent and described female parent are planted in around constitute the hybridization system of female many fathers, or male parent dispersion is planted, female parent is uniformly planted around male parent, the multiple maternal hybridization system forming the many mothers of father of plantation around a male parent and described male parent.
Preferably, the hybridization system of female many fathers, each maternal 4-6 male parent of plantation around are adopted.
Before further comprising the steps of: pollination hybridization, male parent small ear is cut off 1/4.
Preferably, each male parent and the maternal small ear outer housing corresponding with this male parent in hybridization system set a cape skin paper bag, described male parent and corresponding maternal small ear are covered in bag, then outside cape skin paper bag, add one layer of big parchment paper bag, all of cape skin paper bag is all covered in same big parchment paper bag, in the hybridization pollination phase, shake big parchment paper bag, it is achieved spontaneous pollination.
Preferably, described shake is shake once every day.
Preferably, the described shake time is every morning 6-8 point.
Preferably, in the hybridization pollination phase, in big parchment paper bag, carry out spraying humidification.
Preferably, maternal and paternal hybrid process humid control is more than 90%.
Preferably, the havergrass of the present invention can be selected for Portugal wild oat, diploid wild oat or light bran wild oat, and common wheat generally selects Jin Wamai.
The hybridizing method of havergrass provided by the invention and common wheat, by male parent and maternal mixed seeding plantation, eliminate and existing crossover process is chosen this process of male parent tassel, because this process needs to use certain Professional knowledge, and also there is the problems such as the amount of labour used is excessive, this process is omitted, substantially increase efficiency and the simple operation of hybridization, simultaneously, Parent mixed seeding also achieves the distant hybridization of havergrass and common wheat better, solves havergrass and the cross-infertile difficult problem of common wheat.
The distant hybridization method of havergrass provided by the invention and common wheat, its beneficial effect also resides in:
(1) solve artificial sth. made by twisting fringe pollination in prior art and easily miss the defect of best hybridization phase；
(2) humidified by Corii Caprae seu Ovis paper bag internal spraying, well solve the control to humidity in crossover process, enable relative humidity to reach more than 90%, be effectively improved setting percentage.
(3) shake male parent every day with maternal tassel once, repeatedly repeat pollination, improve setting percentage.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of distant hybridization method of havergrass and common wheat, choose common wheat as female parent, havergrass is as male parent, female parent and male parent interval are planted, specifically, maternal dispersion plantation, male parent is uniformly planted around female parent, being generally each maternal 4-6 male parent of plantation around, maternal and multiple male parents constitute the hybridization system of female many fathers.Before hybridization pollination, male parent small ear cuts off 1/4.Then a cape skin paper bag is set in each male parent of hybridization system and the maternal small ear outer housing corresponding with this male parent, described male parent and corresponding maternal small ear are covered in bag, then outside cape skin paper bag, add one layer of big parchment paper bag, all of cape skin paper bag is all covered in same big parchment paper bag, in the hybridization pollination phase, every morning 6-8 point shakes big parchment paper bag once, it is achieved spontaneous pollination.Simultaneously in pollination period, humidify at big parchment paper bag internal spraying, make relative humidity control more than 90%.
Embodiment 2
The distant hybridization method of a kind of havergrass and common wheat, male parent dispersion is planted, and female parent is uniformly planted and around male parent, plants 4-6 female parent, form the hybridization system of the many mothers of father around each male parent, and all the other are with embodiment 1.
Claims (9)
1. the distant hybridization method of a havergrass and common wheat, it is characterized in that, common wheat is as female parent, havergrass is as male parent, maternal dispersion plants, and male parent is uniformly planted around female parent, and multiple male parents that a female parent and described female parent are planted in around constitute the hybridization system of female many fathers, adopt the hybridization system of female many fathers, each maternal 4-6 male parent of plantation around.
2. the distant hybridization method of havergrass according to claim 1 and common wheat, it is characterised in that before further comprising the steps of: pollination hybridization, male parent small ear is cut off 1/4.
3. the distant hybridization method of havergrass according to claim 1 and common wheat, it is characterized in that, further comprise the steps of: each male parent and the maternal small ear outer housing corresponding with this male parent in hybridization system and set a cape skin paper bag, described male parent and corresponding maternal small ear are covered in bag, then outside cape skin paper bag, add one layer of big parchment paper bag, all of cape skin paper bag is all covered in same big parchment paper bag, in the hybridization pollination phase, shake big parchment paper bag, it is achieved spontaneous pollination.
4. the distant hybridization method of havergrass according to claim 3 and common wheat, it is characterised in that described shake is shake once every day.
5. the distant hybridization method of havergrass according to claim 3 and common wheat, it is characterised in that the described shake time is every morning 6-8 point.
6. the distant hybridization method of havergrass according to claim 1 and common wheat, it is characterised in that in the hybridization pollination phase, carry out spraying humidification in big parchment paper bag.
7. the distant hybridization method of havergrass according to claim 1 and common wheat, it is characterised in that the maternal relative humidity with paternal hybrid process controls to be more than 90%.
8. the distant hybridization method of havergrass according to claim 1 and common wheat, it is characterised in that described havergrass is Portugal wild oat, diploid wild oat or light bran wild oat.
9. the distant hybridization method of havergrass according to claim 1 and common wheat, it is characterised in that described common wheat is Jin Wamai.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106417002B (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2018-08-07 | 山西省农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of distant hybridization method of mirabalan |
| CN106416713B (en) * | 2016-10-09 | 2019-11-08 | 漯河市农业科学院 | A kind of wheat hybridizing method improving setting percentage |
| CN106416710B (en) * | 2016-10-09 | 2019-11-05 | 漯河市农业科学院 | A method of improving E. elongata and common wheat Distant crossing siliqua-bearing rate |
| CN106613914A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-05-10 | 漯河市农业科学院 | Cultivation method for wheat with high quality, strong gluten and disease resistance |
| CN107047288B (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2018-12-18 | 漯河市农业科学院 | A kind of common wheat and Streptomyces coeruleorcbidus hybrid selection method |
| CN116762688B (en) * | 2023-07-17 | 2024-03-29 | 滨州市农业科学院 | Regulation method for promoting hybridization flowering phase meeting of oat and wheat |
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| CN102972284A (en) * | 2012-11-19 | 2013-03-20 | 河南大学 | Novel method for obtaining artificially synthesized hexaploid wheat |
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2015
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Patent Citations (5)
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| US6211438B1 (en) * | 1984-03-06 | 2001-04-03 | Mgi Pharma, Inc. | Herbicide resistance in plants |
| CN1041086A (en) * | 1989-11-04 | 1990-04-11 | 贵州农学院 | Guizhou Province type wheat three series, and conventional variety breeding technique |
| CN101015270A (en) * | 2007-02-14 | 2007-08-15 | 郑天存 | Method for breeding new varieties of wheat |
| CN102972284A (en) * | 2012-11-19 | 2013-03-20 | 河南大学 | Novel method for obtaining artificially synthesized hexaploid wheat |
| CN103627668A (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2014-03-12 | 西北农林科技大学 | In-vitro wheat pollen germination method |
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