CN103891601A - Artificial hybridization type petal pollination method for tea tree - Google Patents
Artificial hybridization type petal pollination method for tea tree Download PDFInfo
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- CN103891601A CN103891601A CN201410118237.XA CN201410118237A CN103891601A CN 103891601 A CN103891601 A CN 103891601A CN 201410118237 A CN201410118237 A CN 201410118237A CN 103891601 A CN103891601 A CN 103891601A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an artificial hybridization type petal pollination method for a tea tree, and belongs to the technical field of cross breeding methods. The artificial hybridization type petal pollination method is characterized by comprising following steps of (1) confirming an object to be pollinated; (2) collecting pollen; (3) drying the pollen and storing; (4) gathering the pollen; (5) castrating; (6) pollinating petals; (7) bagging; and (8) removing bags. When the efficient artificial hybridization is performed in a land for growing field crops, as the method is adopted, the pollination speed is high and the use ratio of the pollen is high, the pollen consumption amount is saved, and compared with conventional pollination methods, for the method disclosed by the invention, the use ratio of the pollen and the pollination speed are increased by more than two times, the method is simple to operate; through the petals are relatively soft, the stigma can not be damaged; the hybridization maturing rate is increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cross breeding method technical field, be specially tea tree artificial hybridization petal pollination method.
Background technology
Hybrid vigour is the universal phenomenon of biosphere, and heterosis utilization has become one of main path of current Tea Breeding.The Tea Breeding method of China is transferred to take crossbreeding as main by systematic selection, and the good fortune cloud system row of meeting the kind such as frost, Cui Feng, Tea Inst., Fujian Academy of Agricultural Science's incubation that are bred as the Zhenong series tea tree breed of Zhejiang University's incubation, Hangzhou tealeaves research institute are all to screen in Fuding white tea and Yunnan large-leaf seed natural bastard offspring.Select Guizhou Province river bank 419,502,601,701 by artificial hybridization Guizhou Province Theaceae; Another name for Sichuan Province that Theaceae is bred as, Sichuan Province is the kinds such as 307,703 forever.The remote tea hybridization of tea and Yunnan for India, then F1 generation and tea tree backcross, and successfully cultivate and produce the upper TV24 Clonal Cultivar utilizing.But the problem that Field of Tea Cross breeding efficiency is low, ripening rate is not high is perplexing the breeder of tea tree always.Therefore, existing Field of Tea Cross breeding method being optimized, improving efficiency and the ripening rate of tea tree artificial pollination, is Tea Breeding problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the object of the invention is to design provides a kind of technical scheme of tea tree artificial hybridization petal pollination method, carries out high-efficiency artificial pollination under field condition, saves pollen consumption, it is simple to operate, has improved artificial pollination efficiency and cross-fertile rate.
Described tea tree artificial hybridization petal pollination method, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) determine pollination object: first determine florescence situation, the geographical position of hybridization Parent, and be chosen in full-bloom stage and carry out hybridization pollination;
2) pollen collection: gather from the tea tree that makes male parent the flower that a bud just ready to burst, carrying out without the rainy day;
3) pollen kept dry: in carton, pad one deck blotting paper, then evenly put into the flower of collection, the lid layer absorption paper again on upper strata, indoor placement, can be used for second day;
4) pollen collecting: get clean a piece of paper, select the golden yellow flower of fresh dried color, gently brush flower pesticide shake off pollen with banister bruss, the pollen falling is for subsequent use with plastic tube splendid attire;
5) emasculation: selecting the bud that a bud just ready to burst in raw tree body middle level on brachyplast, with tweezers gently push petal aside, careful pincers go out stamen, requirement should be removed stamen clean, do not damage again column cap, after emasculation, hang and sign mark mark flower, and extract with upper other bud of branch;
6) petal pollination: pollination immediately after emasculation, pollination time is after morning 9:00, carry out after dry Deng dew, when pollination, first gather a larger camellia that petal is complete, cut whole stamens, gynoecium with little scissors, leave petal, with the moisture on the careful sticky dry petal of absorption paper, then pour a small amount of pollen into petal, finally press close to the column cap of emasculation flower with this petal, golden yellow when occurring on column cap;
7) bagging: emasculation, pollination and bagging grouping are carried out, 4 one group of people, 2 people's emasculations, 1 people's pollination, 1 people's bagging, carry out bagging immediately after pollination, after bagging with safety pin mouth is sealed gently, sealing 3/4;
8) remove bag: pollinate and remove bag after 10-15 days.
Described tea tree artificial hybridization petal pollination method, is characterized in that in step 1): do maternal tea place and require tea line space larger, light transmission is better; Suitable selection edge, dense planting tea place tea is capable of hybridization object.
Described tea tree artificial hybridization petal pollination method, is characterized in that step 2) in: the best first day collection of pollen, is used, is no more than at most the 3rd day for second day; Suitable collection in the afternoon in first day of cloudy day, fine day is suitable to be gathered at dusk at first day.
Described tea tree artificial hybridization petal pollination method, is characterized in that in step 3): before pollination, complete pollen collecting.
Described tea tree artificial hybridization petal pollination method, is characterized in that in step 7): bagging adopts sheepskin bag, and sheepskin bag specification is 12 × 18cm.
Above-mentioned tea tree artificial hybridization petal pollination method is carried out high-efficiency artificial pollination under field condition, and pollination speed is fast, and pollen availability is high, saves pollen consumption, compares traditional pollinating method, and pollen availability and pollination speed improve more than at least 2 times; It is simple to operate, and petal is more soft, to column cap not damaged, has improved cross-fertile rate.
Embodiment
Now, in conjunction with embodiments of the invention, further illustrate beneficial effect of the present invention.
Embodiment 1: take Dragon Well tea 43 as maternal, pekoe is early used " petal pollination method " for male parent and carried out artificial hybridization, and concrete grammar is as follows:
1) the maternal tea place of Dragon Well tea 43 is selected: select tea line space larger, the good tea place of light transmission, as hybridization maternal plant garden;
2) pollen collection and dry: in the time that Dragon Well tea 43 arrives full-bloom stage, from making black ox collection in the morning flower that a bud just ready to burst of male parent; In carton, pad one deck blotting paper, then evenly put into the flower of collection, the lid layer absorption paper again on upper strata, indoor placement, used next day;
3) pollen collecting: before pollination, get clean a piece of paper, get the flower of dried overnight, gently brush flower pesticide shake off pollen with banister bruss, the pollen falling is collected with plastic tube;
4) emasculation: pollen collecting well after, select the bud that a bud just ready to burst on Dragon Well tea 43 elite stands, with tweezers gently push petal aside, careful pincers go out stamen, after emasculation, sign mark flower with hanging, and extract with above other buds of branch;
5) petal pollination: pollination immediately after emasculation, first gather a larger camellia that petal is complete, cut whole stamens, gynoecium with little scissors, leave petal, then,, with the moisture on the sticky dry petal of absorption paper, pour a small amount of pollen into petal, finally will be stained with polliniferous petal and press close to the column cap of emasculation flower, golden yellow when occurring on column cap;
6) bagging: carry out immediately bagging after pollination, bagging adopts sheepskin bag, with safety pin mouth is sealed gently, generally seals 3/4 after bagging, and sheepskin bag specification is 12 × 18cm;
7) remove bag: pollinate and remove bag after 15 days.
Table 1 petal pollination method and Traditional Man pollinating method, pollination efficiency and cross-fertile rate comparison sheet
| Pollinating method | Pollinating tool | Pollen availability (the flower number that the pollen of a flower can be pollinated) | Pollination efficiency (pollination quantity for each person every day) | Cross-fertile rate (%) |
| Traditional Man pollination method | Writing brush | 5-6 | 150-200 | 7.2 |
| Petal pollination method | Petal | 10-15 | 500-600 | 16.6 |
As can be seen from Table 1, utilize the present invention to carry out artificial pollination, pollen availability has improved more than 2 times, and pollination efficiency has improved at least 2 times, and cross-fertile rate has improved more than 2 times.
Claims (5)
1. tea tree artificial hybridization petal pollination method, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) determine pollination object: first determine florescence situation, the geographical position of hybridization Parent, and be chosen in full-bloom stage and carry out hybridization pollination;
2) pollen collection: gather from the tea tree that makes male parent the flower that a bud just ready to burst, carrying out without the rainy day;
3) pollen kept dry: in carton, pad one deck blotting paper, then evenly put into the flower of collection, the lid layer absorption paper again on upper strata, indoor placement, can be used for second day;
4) pollen collecting: get clean a piece of paper, select the golden yellow flower of fresh dried color, gently brush flower pesticide shake off pollen with banister bruss, the pollen falling is for subsequent use with plastic tube splendid attire;
5) emasculation: selecting the bud that a bud just ready to burst in raw tree body middle level on brachyplast, with tweezers gently push petal aside, careful pincers go out stamen, requirement should be removed stamen clean, do not damage again column cap, after emasculation, hang and sign mark mark flower, and extract with upper other bud of branch;
6) petal pollination: pollination immediately after emasculation, pollination time is after morning 9:00, carry out after dry Deng dew, when pollination, first gather a larger camellia that petal is complete, cut whole stamens, gynoecium with little scissors, leave petal, with the moisture on the careful sticky dry petal of absorption paper, then pour a small amount of pollen into petal, finally press close to the column cap of emasculation flower with this petal, golden yellow when occurring on column cap;
7) bagging: emasculation, pollination and bagging grouping are carried out, 4 one group of people, 2 people's emasculations, 1 people's pollination, 1 people's bagging, carry out bagging immediately after pollination, after bagging with safety pin mouth is sealed gently, sealing 3/4;
8) remove bag: pollinate and remove bag after 10-15 days.
2. tea tree artificial hybridization petal pollination method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step 1): do maternal tea place and require tea line space larger, light transmission is better; Suitable selection edge, dense planting tea place tea is capable of hybridization object.
3. tea tree artificial hybridization petal pollination method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that step 2) in: the best first day collection of pollen, is used, is no more than at most the 3rd day for second day; Suitable collection in the afternoon in first day of cloudy day, fine day is suitable to be gathered at dusk at first day.
4. tea tree artificial hybridization petal pollination method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step 3): before pollination, complete pollen collecting.
5. tea tree artificial hybridization petal pollination method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step 7): bagging adopts sheepskin bag, and sheepskin bag specification is 12 × 18cm.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104488572A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-04-08 | 李玩庆 | Tea tree planting method |
| CN104756853A (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2015-07-08 | 井冈山农业科技园管理委员会 | A hybridize breeding method for a new variety of tea tree |
| CN106305406A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-01-11 | 福建省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | Tea tree stamen removal method |
| CN106577254A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-04-26 | 福建省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | Tool set and pollination method for increasing artificial pollination efficiency of tea trees |
| CN109122299A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-01-04 | 湖南省茶叶研究所（湖南省茶叶检测中心） | A kind of producing method for seed of the double clone hybrid seeds of tea tree |
| CN112450070A (en) * | 2020-12-12 | 2021-03-09 | 云南省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | Pollination method for improving artificial pollination efficiency of tea trees |
| CN116058277A (en) * | 2022-09-08 | 2023-05-05 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Tea tree hybridization marking method and early seedling breeding method of hybrid seeds |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104488572A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-04-08 | 李玩庆 | Tea tree planting method |
| CN104756853A (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2015-07-08 | 井冈山农业科技园管理委员会 | A hybridize breeding method for a new variety of tea tree |
| CN106305406A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-01-11 | 福建省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | Tea tree stamen removal method |
| CN106305406B (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2018-09-18 | 福建省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | A kind of tea tree emasculating method |
| CN106577254A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-04-26 | 福建省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | Tool set and pollination method for increasing artificial pollination efficiency of tea trees |
| CN106577254B (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2019-03-22 | 福建省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | A kind of Tool Box and its pollinating method improving tea tree artificial pollination efficiency |
| CN109122299A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-01-04 | 湖南省茶叶研究所（湖南省茶叶检测中心） | A kind of producing method for seed of the double clone hybrid seeds of tea tree |
| CN109122299B (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2022-04-05 | 湖南省茶叶研究所（湖南省茶叶检测中心） | Seed production method of double-clone hybrid seeds of tea trees |
| CN112450070A (en) * | 2020-12-12 | 2021-03-09 | 云南省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | Pollination method for improving artificial pollination efficiency of tea trees |
| CN116058277A (en) * | 2022-09-08 | 2023-05-05 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Tea tree hybridization marking method and early seedling breeding method of hybrid seeds |
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