CN111671076A - 一种咖喱杏鲍菇状元豆牛肉酱及其制作方法 - Google Patents
一种咖喱杏鲍菇状元豆牛肉酱及其制作方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种咖喱杏鲍菇状元豆牛肉酱:其原料由以下重量百分比的组分组成:状元豆酱25~35%、牛肉15~35%、杏鲍菇8~12%、咖喱1~3%、酱油4~6%、白糖1~3%、姜1~1.5%、蒜1~1.5%、干红辣椒2~3%、花生仁0.5~1%、芝麻0.5~1%、花椒0.2~0.3%、植物油补足余量。本发明咖喱杏鲍菇状元豆牛肉酱,营养丰富、风味独特、味道醇厚鲜美,具有牛肉和杏鲍菇的营养功能、咖喱的独特风味以及状元豆的利尿化湿、健脾等功效,满足了消费者对牛肉酱的食用及营养需求。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食品加工领域,具体涉及一种咖喱杏鲍菇状元豆牛肉酱及其制作方法。
背景技术
状元豆,又名荷包豆、鱼豆等,属于豆科一年生的草本植物,原产地为美洲一带。大约在20世纪流传进到中国,主要是分布在我国的福建、云南等偏热带区。荷包豆具有很好的祛湿功效,同时有滋补强肾的作用,对于湿气盛或者肾虚的人群,经常食用有很好的治疗和保健作用。荷包豆含有丰富的维生素和多种矿物质,以及大量的蛋白质和淀粉,具有很好的健胃功效,还能补血,是一理想的健康食品,又有养颜,延缓衰老的作用,对高血压病,肥胖症,冠心病,动脉硬化,糖尿病都有很好的作用。
咖喱呈黄褐色或姜黄色,具有辛辣味。菜肴中常见的有咖喱鸡肉料理、咖喱牛肉料理等。它是一种由多种天然香料混合烹煮配制而成的酱料,常常配入蔬菜肉类一起烹饪加工,食材之间相互糅合、混杂渗透会形成独具特色的风味。
杏鲍菇是集食用、药用、食疗于一体的珍稀食用菌新品种。杏鲍菇菌肉肥厚,质地脆嫩,特别是菌柄组织致密、结实、乳白,可全部食用,且菌柄比菌盖更脆滑、爽口,被称为“平菇王”、“干贝菇”,具有愉快的杏仁香味及如鲍鱼的口感,适合保鲜和加工。杏鲍菇的营养十分丰富,植物蛋白含量高达25%,含18种氨基酸和具有提高人体免疫力、防癌抗癌的多糖。同时,它含有大量的寡糖,是灰树花的15倍、金针菇的3.5倍,它与胃肠中的双岐菌协同作用,具有很好的促进消化、吸收功能。
牛肉酱是一种以牛肉为主的调味品,具有麻、辣、鲜、香等基本口味,可直接食用,也可作佐餐调料。牛肉酱作为一种传统酱制品,市场空间大,为了满足不同消费者的需求,市场上,各种口味的复合牛肉酱不断衍生,如申请号为CN201811362162.4的专利,公开一种多味土豆牛肉酱及其制备方法,如申请号为CN201910793465.X的专利,公开一种地耳牛肉酱及其加工方法,如申请号为CN2019108953 56.9的专利,公开一种番茄牛肉酱及其制备工艺。但是,现有技术普遍以黄豆酱或蚕豆酱为酱体制备牛肉酱,以状元豆为原料作为分散酱体的保健型牛肉酱尚未被相关文献或专利记载和公开。
为了改变现有牛肉酱的分散酱体种类有限,并进一步提高牛肉酱的保健功效、营养价值及风味,本发明首次以状元豆为原料制备酱体,并以牛肉、杏鲍菇为主要原料,配以花生、咖喱粉和芝麻等为辅料,制备出营养丰富、风味独特、味道醇厚鲜美,具有利尿化湿、健脾保健功效的牛肉酱。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足之处,本发明的目的在于提供一种咖喱杏鲍菇状元豆牛肉酱及其制作方法,用于解决现有技术中牛肉酱的分散酱体种类、营养搭配不当、保健等问题。
本发明的技术方案概述如下:
一种咖喱杏鲍菇状元豆牛肉酱:其原料由以下重量百分比的组分组成:状元豆酱25~35%、牛肉15~35%、杏鲍菇8~12%、咖喱1~3%、酱油4~6%、白糖1~3%、姜1~1.5%、蒜1~1.5%、干红辣椒2~3%、花生仁0.5~1%、芝麻0.5~1%、花椒0.2~0.3%、植物油补足余量;
所述状元豆酱的制备方法为:
a.制状元豆酱曲:用温水浸泡状元豆2~3h,使其豆皮与豆肉分离开,再高温蒸煮10~15min,冷却至室温,加入其0.8倍质量的面粉,混合均匀,密封发酵8~10d,制成状元豆酱曲;
b.制状元豆酱:将30%盐水煮沸后,加入混合调料,熬煮10~15min,冷却后,加入状元豆酱曲,混合均匀后,晒露发酵4~5周,得到状元豆酱。
优选的是,所述30%盐水、混合调料、状元豆酱曲的重量比为1:0.05:1。
优选的是,所述混合调料由姜、干红辣椒、蒜、胡椒、八角、陈皮按3:3:2:0.5:1:1的重量比混合而成。
一种咖喱杏鲍菇状元豆牛肉酱的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)原料肉的预处理:选取新鲜的牛肉,洗净、去除血水,喷洒复合酶溶液,复合酶溶液用量为牛肉的质量3~5%,嫩化处理30min,再加入0.5%柠檬酸溶液中浸泡10min,切成0.5cm见方的肉粒,加入酱油,腌制备用;
(2)杏鲍菇的预处理:选择菇肉厚实、颜色发白的干杏鲍菇,用温水浸泡1~2h,冲洗2~4遍去除杂质,切成0.3cm见方的粒状,待用;
(3)其它辅料的预处理:
a.将花生和芝麻分别炒熟后,冷却、碾碎,备用;
b.将干红辣椒去籽之后,切成0.5cm大小的片状,备用;
c.将姜、蒜去皮、洗净后,切成碎末备用;
(4)炒制:将植物油加热至120~130℃时,加入花椒炸出香味后取出,再加入切好的干红辣椒、姜、蒜,爆炒出香,待油温上升至135~140℃时,加入牛肉粒和杏鲍菇粒,翻炒出香味后,加入熟制的花生、芝麻、状元豆酱和咖喱粉,用中火翻炒40~50min,最后加入白砂糖,大火快速翻炒4~6min,即得牛肉酱;
(5)灌装、灭菌:将酱体注入干净的罐中,罐内保留3~5mm的顶隙,封口后,采用15—25—15min/116℃的杀菌公式进行高温水浴杀菌,即15min升温,25min杀菌,15min降温,杀菌温度116℃,反压控制在0.2~0.25MPa,然后采用分段冷却的方法,冷却到室温时即为成品。
优选的是,所述复合酶溶液由木瓜蛋白酶、米曲霉蛋白酶、茶多酚、水按照1:0.6:0.05:20的质量比配制而成。
本发明的有益效果:
1、本发明首次以状元豆为原料制备酱体,以酱体的形式使牛肉粒均匀分散于状元豆非牛顿流体中,赋予牛肉酱利尿化湿、健脾补血等保健功效的同时,使其口感更加醇厚鲜美,同时,利用咖喱、杏鲍菇提升牛肉酱的香气和风味。
2、本发明利用复合酶和柠檬酸联合嫩化牛肉,降解粗糙的肌肉组织和结缔组织,有效提高牛肉的嫩度,此外,复合酶中茶多酚与柠檬酸协同抗氧化,防止脂质氧化,保持牛肉脂肪的弹性和稳定性,进一步提高牛肉的口感。
3、本发明咖喱杏鲍菇状元豆牛肉酱营养丰富、风味独特、味道醇厚鲜美,具有牛肉和杏鲍菇的营养功能、咖喱的独特风味以及状元豆的保健功效,满足了消费者对牛肉酱的营养、食用、保健需求。
满足了人们对牛肉酱的食用及营养需求。
附图说明
图1为本发明咖喱杏鲍菇状元豆牛肉酱的制备方法流程图;
图2为状元豆酱的添加量对牛肉酱感官品质的影响图;
图3为咖喱粉的添加量对牛肉酱感官品质的影响图;
图4为干杏鲍菇的添加量对牛肉酱感官品质的影响图;
图5为牛肉的添加量对牛肉酱感官品质的影响图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明,以令本领域技术人员参照说明书文字能够据以实施。
本发明提供一实施例的咖喱杏鲍菇状元豆牛肉酱:其原料由以下重量百分比的组分组成:状元豆酱25~35%、牛肉15~35%、杏鲍菇8~12%、咖喱1~3%、酱油4~6%、白糖1~3%、姜1~1.5%、蒜1~1.5%、干红辣椒2~3%、花生仁0.5~1%、芝麻0.5~1%、花椒0.2~0.3%、植物油补足余量;
所述状元豆酱的制备方法为:
a.制状元豆酱曲:用温水浸泡状元豆2~3h,使其豆皮与豆肉分离开,再高温蒸煮10~15min,冷却至室温,加入其0.8倍质量的面粉,混合均匀,密封发酵8~10d,制成状元豆酱曲;
b.制状元豆酱:将30%盐水煮沸后,加入混合调料,熬煮10~15min,冷却后,加入状元豆酱曲,控制30%盐水、混合调料、状元豆酱曲的重量比为1:0.05:1,混合均匀后,晒露发酵4~5周,得到状元豆酱;所述混合调料由姜、干红辣椒、蒜、胡椒、八角、陈皮按3:3:2:0.5:1:1的重量比混合而成。
一种咖喱杏鲍菇状元豆牛肉酱的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)原料肉的预处理:选取新鲜的牛肉,洗净、去除血水,喷洒复合酶溶液,复合酶溶液用量为牛肉的质量3~5%,嫩化处理30min,再加入0.5%柠檬酸溶液中浸泡10min,切成0.5cm见方的肉粒,加入酱油,腌制备用;所述复合酶溶液由木瓜蛋白酶、米曲霉蛋白酶、茶多酚、水按照1:0.6:0.05:20的质量比配制而成;
(2)杏鲍菇的预处理:选择菇肉厚实、颜色发白的干杏鲍菇,用温水浸泡1~2h,冲洗2~4遍去除杂质,切成0.3cm见方的粒状,待用;
(3)其它辅料的预处理:
a.将花生和芝麻分别炒熟后,冷却、碾碎,备用;
b.将干红辣椒去籽之后,切成0.5cm大小的片状,备用;
c.将姜、蒜去皮、洗净后,切成碎末备用;
(4)炒制:将植物油加热至120~130℃时,加入花椒炸出香味后取出,再加入切好的干红辣椒、姜、蒜,爆炒出香,待油温上升至135~140℃时,加入牛肉粒和杏鲍菇粒,翻炒出香味后,加入熟制的花生、芝麻、状元豆酱和咖喱粉,用中火翻炒40~50min,最后加入白砂糖,大火快速翻炒4~6min,即得牛肉酱;
(5)灌装、灭菌:将酱体注入干净的罐中,罐内保留3~5mm的顶隙,封口后,采用15—25—15min/116℃的杀菌公式进行高温水浴杀菌,即15min升温,25min杀菌,15min降温,杀菌温度116℃,反压控制在0.2~0.25MPa,然后采用分段冷却的方法,冷却到室温时即为成品。
对咖喱杏鲍菇状元豆牛肉酱作感官评价
邀请20个人的专业评分小组从牛肉酱的颜色、风味、滋味、组织形态四个方面进行感官评定,具体感官评分标准见表1。
表1咖喱杏鲍菇状元豆牛肉酱的感官评分标准
实施例1~5研究状元豆酱的添加量对牛肉酱感官品质的影响
实施例1
咖喱杏鲍菇状元豆牛肉酱:其原料由以下重量百分比的组分组成:状元豆酱25%、牛肉20%、杏鲍菇9%、咖喱2%、酱油5%、白糖2%、姜1.5%、蒜1.5%、干红辣椒2.7%、花生仁1%、芝麻1%、花椒0.3%、植物油补足余量;
所述状元豆酱的制备方法为:
a.制状元豆酱曲:用温水浸泡状元豆3h,使其豆皮与豆肉分离开,再高温蒸煮10min,冷却至室温,加入其0.8倍质量的面粉,混合均匀,密封发酵10d,制成状元豆酱曲;
b.制状元豆酱:将30%盐水煮沸后,加入混合调料,熬煮15min,冷却后,加入状元豆酱曲,控制30%盐水、混合调料、状元豆酱曲的重量比为1:0.05:1,混合均匀后,晒露发酵5周,得到状元豆酱;所述混合调料由姜、干红辣椒、蒜、胡椒、八角、陈皮按3:3:2:0.5:1:1的重量比混合而成。
一种咖喱杏鲍菇状元豆牛肉酱的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)原料肉的预处理:选取新鲜的牛肉,洗净、去除血水,喷洒复合酶溶液,复合酶溶液用量为牛肉的质量5%,嫩化处理30min,再加入0.5%柠檬酸溶液中浸泡10min,切成0.5cm见方的肉粒,加入酱油,腌制备用;所述复合酶溶液由木瓜蛋白酶、米曲霉蛋白酶、茶多酚、水按照1:0.6:0.05:20的质量比配制而成;
(2)杏鲍菇的预处理:选择菇肉厚实、颜色发白的干杏鲍菇,用温水浸泡2h,冲洗3遍去除杂质,切成0.3cm见方的粒状,待用;
(3)其它辅料的预处理:
a.将花生和芝麻分别炒熟后,冷却、碾碎,备用;
b.将干红辣椒去籽之后,切成0.5cm大小的片状,备用;
c.将姜、蒜去皮、洗净后,切成碎末备用;
(4)炒制:将植物油加热至130℃时,加入花椒炸出香味后取出,再加入切好的干红辣椒、姜、蒜,爆炒出香,待油温上升至140℃时,加入牛肉粒和杏鲍菇粒,翻炒出香味后,加入熟制的花生、芝麻、状元豆酱和咖喱粉,用中火翻炒45min,最后加入白砂糖,大火快速翻炒5min,即得牛肉酱;
(5)灌装、灭菌:将酱体注入干净的罐中,罐内保留4mm的顶隙,封口后,采用15—25—15min/116℃的杀菌公式进行高温水浴杀菌,即15min升温,25min杀菌,15min降温,杀菌温度116℃,反压控制在0.2MPa,然后采用分段冷却的方法,冷却到室温时即为成品。
实施例2~5与实施例1相同,区别在于:实施例2~5中状元豆酱用量依次为27.5%、30%、32.5%、35%。
图2为实施例1~5状元豆酱的添加量对牛肉酱感官品质的影响图:状元豆酱的添加量会影响着酱体的组织形态和口感,随着状元豆酱的增加,牛肉酱的体态稀薄,豆酱味明显,当状元豆添加量为30%时,牛肉酱的感官评分最高,当其含量超过30%时,牛肉酱的酱体态稀薄,豆酱味较为明显,评分反而有所下降。由图2可知,状元豆酱添加量在30%时,牛肉酱的口感和组织形态最佳,感官品质最好。
实施例3、6~9研究咖喱粉的添加量对牛肉酱感官品质的影响
实施例6~9与实施例3相同,区别在于:实施例6~9咖喱粉用量依次为1%、1.5%、2.5%、3.0%。配方如下:
实施例6 | 实施例7 | 实施例8 | 实施例9 | |
状元豆酱/% | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 |
咖喱/% | 1 | 1.5 | 2.5 | 3.0 |
杏鲍菇/% | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 |
牛肉/% | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
图3为实施例3、6~9咖喱粉的添加量对牛肉酱感官品质的影响图:牛肉酱中的咖喱粉添加量会影响酱体的风味和口感,其添加量越多,香味越浓郁,但用量过多牛肉酱的辛辣味比较重,容易掩盖其他成分的香味。由图3可知,咖喱粉用量在整体材料的2%时,感官评分最高,所以用量控制在2%附近效果最佳。
实施例3、10~13研究杏鲍菇的添加量对牛肉酱感官品质的影响
实施例10~13与实施例3相同,区别在于:实施例10~13杏鲍菇用量依次为8%、10%、11%、12%。配方如下:
实施例10 | 实施例11 | 实施例12 | 实施例13 | |
状元豆酱/% | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 |
咖喱/% | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
杏鲍菇/% | 8 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
牛肉/% | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
图4为实施例3、10~13干杏鲍菇的添加量对牛肉酱感官品质的影响图:牛肉酱的杏鲍菇添加量会影响酱体的香味和口感,其添加量越多,香味越浓郁,咀嚼感越强烈,但用量过多容易掩盖其他成分的香味,同时也会增加产品的成本。由图4可知,杏鲍菇用量在整体材料的10%时,感官评分最高,杏鲍菇用量过高的话,会使得牛肉和其他香料的气味被掩盖,酱体组织较粗糙,所以用量控制在10%附近效果最佳。
实施例11、14~17研究牛肉的添加量对牛肉酱感官品质的影响
实施例14~17与实施例11相同,区别在于:实施例14~17牛肉用量依次为15%、25%、30%、35%。配方如下:
实施例14 | 实施例15 | 实施例16 | 实施例17 | |
状元豆酱/% | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 |
咖喱/% | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
杏鲍菇/% | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
牛肉/% | 15 | 25 | 30 | 35 |
图5为实施例11、14~17牛肉的添加量对牛肉酱感官品质的影响图:如图4所示,牛肉添加量为25%时,咖喱杏鲍菇牛肉酱的综合评分最高,牛肉添加过少则滋味不足,牛肉添加过多则色泽、组织形态欠佳,评分偏低,也会增加产品的生产成本。因此,牛肉添加量为25%时最佳,咖喱杏鲍菇牛肉酱的感官品质最好。
正交试验
根据实施例1~20单因素试验结果确定正交试验因素的水平,见表2。用正交分析的方法,选择上述状元豆酱的添加量(A)、咖喱粉的添加量(B)、杏鲍菇的添加量(C)和牛肉的添加量(D)4个影响因素,每个因素设置三个水平,用四因素三水平正交表进行正交试验。依据感官评分表,邀请20个人的专业评分小组对牛肉酱进行感官评定,确定出最佳的因素水平,正交试验结果及分析见表3。
表2试验因素水平表
表3正交试验结果
由表3可知,状元豆酱的添加量对产品的感官评价影响最大,其次是咖喱粉、杏鲍菇、牛肉,当状元豆酱添加量为30%,咖喱粉添加量为2%,杏鲍菇添加量为11%,牛肉添加量为30%,产品的感官评价最优。
尽管本发明的实施方案已公开如上,但其并不仅仅限于说明书和实施方式中所列运用,它完全可以被适用于各种适合本发明的领域,对于熟悉本领域的人员而言,可容易地实现另外的修改,因此在不背离权利要求及等同范围所限定的一般概念下,本发明并不限于特定的细节。
Claims (5)
1.一种咖喱杏鲍菇状元豆牛肉酱,其特征在于:其原料由以下重量百分比的组分组成:状元豆酱25~35%、牛肉15~35%、杏鲍菇8~12%、咖喱1~3%、酱油4~6%、白糖1~3%、姜1~1.5%、蒜1~1.5%、干红辣椒2~3%、花生仁0.5~1%、芝麻0.5~1%、花椒0.2~0.3%、植物油补足余量;
所述状元豆酱的制备方法为:
a.制状元豆酱曲:用温水浸泡状元豆2~3h,使其豆皮与豆肉分离开,再高温蒸煮10~15min,冷却至室温,加入其0.8倍质量的面粉,混合均匀,密封发酵8~10d,制成状元豆酱曲;
b.制状元豆酱:将30%盐水煮沸后,加入混合调料,熬煮10~15min,冷却后,加入状元豆酱曲,混合均匀后,晒露发酵4~5周,得到状元豆酱。
2.根据权利要求1所述的咖喱杏鲍菇状元豆牛肉酱,其特征在于:所述30%盐水、混合调料、状元豆酱曲的重量比为1:0.05:1。
3.根据权利要求2所述的咖喱杏鲍菇状元豆牛肉酱,其特征在于:所述混合调料由姜、干红辣椒、蒜、胡椒、八角、陈皮按3:3:2:0.5:1:1的重量比混合而成。
4.如权利要求1~3任一项所述一种咖喱杏鲍菇状元豆牛肉酱的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
(1)原料肉的预处理:选取新鲜的牛肉,洗净、去除血水,喷洒复合酶溶液,复合酶溶液用量为牛肉的质量3~5%,嫩化处理30min,再加入0.5%柠檬酸溶液中浸泡10min,切成0.5cm见方的肉粒,加入酱油,腌制备用;
(2)杏鲍菇的预处理:选择菇肉厚实、颜色发白的干杏鲍菇,用温水浸泡1~2h,冲洗2~4遍去除杂质,切成0.3cm见方的粒状,待用;
(3)其它辅料的预处理:
a.将花生和芝麻分别炒熟后,冷却、碾碎,备用;
b.将干红辣椒去籽之后,切成0.5cm大小的片状,备用;
c.将姜、蒜去皮、洗净后,切成碎末备用;
(4)炒制:将植物油加热至120~130℃时,加入花椒炸出香味后取出,再加入切好的干红辣椒、姜、蒜,爆炒出香,待油温上升至135~140℃时,加入牛肉粒和杏鲍菇粒,翻炒出香味后,加入熟制的花生、芝麻、状元豆酱和咖喱粉,用中火翻炒40~50min,最后加入白砂糖,大火快速翻炒4~6min,即得牛肉酱;
(5)灌装、灭菌:将酱体装罐密封后,采用15—25—15min/116℃的杀菌公式进行高温水浴杀菌,即15min升温,25min杀菌,15min降温,杀菌温度116℃,反压控制在0.2~0.25MPa,再分段冷却至室温时即得成品。
5.根据权利要求4所述一种咖喱杏鲍菇状元豆牛肉酱的制备方法,其特征在于:所述复合酶溶液由木瓜蛋白酶、米曲霉蛋白酶、茶多酚、水按照1:0.6:0.05:20的质量比配制而成。
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