CN111642351A - Method for promoting early flowering of German iris and application - Google Patents
Method for promoting early flowering of German iris and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN111642351A CN111642351A CN202010537158.8A CN202010537158A CN111642351A CN 111642351 A CN111642351 A CN 111642351A CN 202010537158 A CN202010537158 A CN 202010537158A CN 111642351 A CN111642351 A CN 111642351A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for promoting the early flowering of iris germanica and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of plant cultivation and breeding; according to the invention, the German iris treated by the IAA is treated at a low temperature for a period of time, planted in a flowerpot and then moved to a plastic greenhouse for cultivation until blooming; the cultivated German iris opens in the middle of 11 months to the last 12 months, the flowering period is 5 months earlier than the natural flowering period, and the flowering period of a single flower can reach 8-9 days, and the flowering period of a single variety group is 39 days. The method for promoting the German iris to bloom in advance can not only fill the defects of light and temperature regulation and control technology, more conveniently and effectively regulate and control the flowering phase of the German iris, enhance the popularization and application value of the German iris, but also enrich the variety diversity of ornamental flowers in the early winter in the south of Yangtze river and meet the ornamental requirements of people on the German iris.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation and breeding, and relates to a method for promoting the early flowering of iris germanica and application thereof.
Background
Iris germanica (de)Iris germanicaL.) is a perennial herb of the genus Iris, belonging to the rhizome class Iris. The German iris has the characteristics of peculiar flower shape, rich flower colors, one flower with more flowers (6-12), evergreen (in the south of the Yangtze river) and the like, so that the German iris has great ornamental value. Therefore, the German iris has wide application prospect in garden matching, ground cover greening, potted flower observation and the like.
The single-flower flowering period of the German iris is only 3-5 days, the flowering period of a single variety group is generally not more than 20 days, most of the single variety group flowers in spring 4-5 months, and only a few two-flower varieties can bloom in autumn 9-10 months. Short and centralized flowering phase, and severely restricts annual production and supply. Therefore, the artificial regulation of the florescence of the German iris and the prolongation of the florescence, the breaking of the inherent natural florescence and the flowering time are the key for improving the commercial application value of the German iris.
At present, few reports about the regulation and control of the flowering phase of the German iris at home and abroad are reported, and no research about the regulation and control of the flowering of the German iris by using exogenous auxin treatment is reported.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for promoting the early flowering of the German iris. In the invention, the IAA treated iris germanica is treated at a low temperature for a period of time, planted in a flowerpot and then moved to a plastic greenhouse for cultivation until blooming. The method can lead the florescence of the German iris to the autumn and winter, and simultaneously prolong the florescence of single flowers and the florescence of groups.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
(1) obtaining a plant: selecting a German iris plant, trimming part of fibrous roots and leaves, and reserving the length of the leaves for 5-10 cm;
(2) IAA treatment: soaking the root and stem of the German iris plant for 24 hours by adopting an ethanol solution containing indoleacetic acid (IAA) with a certain concentration, and draining water after soaking; wherein the volume content of ethanol in the ethanol solution is 1 percent;
(3) low-temperature treatment: carrying out low-temperature treatment on the drained plants in the step (2);
(4) planting: planting the plant after low-temperature treatment in a flowerpot filled with a culture medium, watering the plant thoroughly, and then placing the plant in a plastic greenhouse for growing;
(5) and (3) fertilizer and water management: watering for 1 time per week during transplanting to flowering, topdressing with compound fertilizer for 1 time after planting for 1 month, and continuously culturing to flowering.
Further, in the step (1), the time for obtaining the plant is 8 months, and the plant is 3-year-old German iris.
Further, in the step (2), the time of the IAA treatment is 8 months, and the concentration of the IAA is 50-500 mu M.
Further, in the step (3), the low-temperature treatment is carried out for 8-9 months, the treatment time is 28 days, and the treatment temperature is 4 ℃.
Further, in the step (4), the culture medium comprises the following components in percentage by mass: garden soil: sandy soil = 1: 2: 2.
further, in the step (5), the time for topdressing the compound fertilizer is 10 months, the fertilizing amount in each kilogram of pot soil is 0.5-0.8 g, and the nitrogen content in the compound fertilizer is as follows: phosphorus: potassium = 1: 1: 1.
the method for promoting the German iris to bloom in advance is suitable for planting the German iris in the south of Yangtze river.
Advantageous effects
The method has the advantages of simple and easy operation and low cost, and is suitable for large-scale production. Aiming at the current situation that the florescence of the German iris is short and concentrated, the research of auxin treatment regulation and control of the German iris forcing culture is tried for the first time, and theoretical basis and method are provided for the large-scale establishment and application of the German iris forcing culture system in the future.
In the invention, the iris germanica is treated by adopting IAA, then treated at low temperature for 4 weeks, and finally cultured in a plastic greenhouse at normal temperature until blooming. The first strain of iris germanica treated by 200 μ M IAA has a flowering time of 11 months and 16 days in 2019, and the flowering time is adjusted to 11 middle ten days to 12 last ten days, which is 5 months earlier than the natural flowering time. Moreover, the flowering phase of the single flowers of the iris germanica cultivated by the method can reach 8-9 days, and the flowering phase of the single-variety group can reach 39 days.
The method for promoting the German iris to bloom in advance makes up the defects of light and temperature regulation and control technology, regulates and controls the flowering period of the German iris, can enhance the popularization and application prospect, the ornamental value and the commercial value of the German iris, enriches the variety diversity of ornamental flowers in autumn and winter in the south of Yangtze river, and meets the ornamental requirement of people on the German iris.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a graph of early flowering in iris germanica with and without IAA treatment, wherein a: 0 mg/L IAA; b: 200 μ M IAA.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
(1) obtaining a plant: in 2019, 8 months and 14 days, 3-year-old German iris which grows robustly and consistently without plant diseases and insect pests is selected from Iris germplasm resource garden of Chinese academy of sciences of Jiangsu province (Iris floribunda) ((Iris germanicaL.) cutting off partial fibrous roots and leaves after digging out the plants, and reserving the length of the leaves for 5-10 cm;
(2) IAA treatment: soaking the root and stem of the plant in a 1% ethanol solution containing 200 mu M indoleacetic acid (IAA) for 24h in 2019, 8 months and 14 days;
(3) low-temperature treatment: draining water from plant rhizome treated by IAA in 2019, 8 month and 15 days, and low-temperature treating in a refrigerator at 4 deg.C for 4 weeks;
(4) planting: preparing a 2 gallon flowerpot and a culture medium in advance one week, wherein the culture medium is nutrient soil: garden soil: sandy soil = 1: 2: 2; taking out the low-temperature treated plants from a refrigerator in 2019, 9, 12 days, soaking the roots in 1000 times liquid (mass percent) of 50% chlorothalonil and 1000 times liquid (mass percent) of 75% carbendazim for 1 h for sterilization, and then planting the plants in flowerpots, wherein each pot contains about 10 kg of culture medium, the plants are watered thoroughly after being transplanted, and the flowerpots are placed in a plastic greenhouse of an iris resource garden for growth;
(5) and (3) fertilizer and water management: watering 1 time every week after transplanting, thoroughly watering every time, topdressing the Orlite compound fertilizer 1 time in 2019, 10 months and 12 days, wherein the fertilizing amount per kilogram of pot soil is 0.5 g, and the fertilizing proportion is N: p: k = 1: 1: 1;
(6) and (3) observing flowering time: the first strain of the German iris has the flowering time of 11 and 16 days in 2019, the flowering period of a single flower is 8-9 days, and the whole flowering period is from 11 and 16 days in 2019 to 12 and 24 days in 2019, and is 5 months earlier than the natural flowering period.
Example 2. effect of IAA concentration on flowering phase of iris germanica:
in this example, the influence of the concentration of IAA on the flowering phase of iris germanica was verified by changing the concentration of IAA, using iris germanica without treatment of IAA as a blank. The test conditions were substantially similar to those in steps (1) to (6) of example 1, and only the IAA concentration in step (2) was adjusted to: 0. 50, 200 and 500 mu M, and the fertilizing amount per kilogram is 0.8 g when the compound fertilizer is applied. The test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 Effect of IAA concentration on flowering phase of Iris germanica
As can be seen from the table above, the German iris was not treated with IAA in the blank group, but only treated at low temperature, the flowering time was 2 months and 15 days in 2020, the single flower flowering phase was 4-6 days, the single population flowering phase was 23 days, and the flowering phase was advanced by 2 months compared with the natural flowering phase. In the test group, after iris germanica was treated with IAA at concentrations of 50, 200 and 500 μ M, respectively, the iris germanica was further treated at a low temperature for 4 weeks, and flowering-time was observed. When the IAA treatment concentration is 50 mu M, the German iris blooms in 2019 within 12 months and 2 days, the period is 4 months earlier than the natural florescence, the period of single flower is 7-8 days, and the group florescence is 31 days; when the IAA treatment concentration is 500 mu M, the German iris blooms in 2019 in 12-13 months, the flowering phase is advanced by nearly 4 months compared with the natural flowering phase, the flowering phase of a single flower is 8-9 days, and the flowering phase of a group is 36 days. When the IAA concentration is 200 mu M, the German iris blooms in 2019 in 16 days at 11 months, the flowering phase of a single flower is 8-9 days, the flowering phase of a single variety group is 39 days, and compared with the natural flowering phase, the flowering phase is advanced by nearly 5 months.
It can be seen that the addition of IAA can effectively adjust the flowering time of the German iris and prolong the flowering phase of a single flower of the German iris, and simultaneously prolong the flowering phase of a single variety of groups, and the effect is best when the IAA concentration is 200 mu M.
Example 3. effect of different phytohormones on flowering phase of iris germanica:
in this example, the influence of IAA and gibberellin on the flowering time of iris germanica was examined, in test group 1, iris germanica trimmed with a 1% ethanol solution containing 200. mu.M IAA was treated, and in test group 2, iris germanica trimmed with a 1% acetone solution containing 600 mg/L gibberellin was treated. The test results are shown in table 3:
TABLE 2 Effect of different phytohormones on the flowering phase of Iris germanica
| Plant hormone species | Concentration of phytohormone | Flowering time | Single flowering phase/day | Single variety groupFlorescence/day |
| IAA | 200 μM | 11.16 | 8~9 | 39 |
| Gibberellins | 600 mg/L | 1.7 | 4~6 | 28 |
From the table above, it can be seen that the german iris treated by IAA blooms at 11-month and 16-month in 2019, the flowering phase is 5 months earlier than the natural flowering phase, the single-flower phase is 8-9 days, and the single-variety group flowering phase is 39 days, while the german iris treated by gibberellin blooms at 1-month and 7-day in 2020, only 3 months earlier than the natural flowering phase, the single-flower phase is 4-6 days, and the single-variety group flowering phase is 28 days. Therefore, the IAA treatment adopted by the invention has obviously better effect on adjusting the flowering phase and prolonging the flowering time of the German iris than the German iris treated by gibberellin.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for promoting the blooming of German iris is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) obtaining a plant: selecting a strong German iris plant, trimming partial fibrous roots and leaves, and reserving the length of the leaves for 5-10 cm;
(2) IAA treatment: soaking the root and stem of the German iris plant in an ethanol solution containing IAA with a certain concentration for 24 hours, and draining water after soaking; wherein, the volume content of ethanol in the ethanol solution is 1 percent;
(3) low-temperature treatment: placing the drained plants in the step (2) into a low temperature treatment for a period of time;
(4) planting: placing the plant after low-temperature treatment in a flowerpot filled with a culture medium, watering thoroughly, and then placing in a plastic greenhouse for growing;
(5) and (3) fertilizer and water management: watering 1 time per week, dressing compound fertilizer 1 time after planting for 1 month, and culturing until flowering.
2. The method of promoting premature flowering of iris germanica according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the time for obtaining the plants is 8 months, and the plants are 3-year-old German iris.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (2), the IAA is treated for 8 months; the concentration of the IAA is 50-500 mu M.
4. The method of promoting premature flowering of iris germanica of claim 3, wherein the IAA is present at a concentration of 200 μ M.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the low-temperature treatment is carried out for 8 to 9 months at a treatment temperature of 4 ℃ for 28 days in the step (3).
6. The method for promoting early flowering of iris germanica according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the culture medium is a nutrient soil: garden soil: sandy soil = 1: 2: 2.
7. the method for promoting early flowering of iris germanica according to claim 1, wherein the time period for applying the compound fertilizer in step (5) is 10 months.
8. The method of promoting premature flowering of iris germanica according to claim 7, wherein said compound fertilizer is applied in an amount of 0.5 to 0.8 g per kg of soil in the pot, wherein the nitrogen content of the compound fertilizer: phosphorus: potassium = 1: 1: 1.
9. the use of the method of promoting premature flowering of iris germanica according to claim 1 in iris germanica grown in the south of the Yangtze river.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113079997A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-07-09 | 浙江省园林植物与花卉研究所(浙江省萧山棉麻研究所) | Hemerocallis fulva forcing culture method |
| CN114438250A (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-05-06 | 浙江大学 | Iris SSR molecular marker group for screening iris varieties blooming in two seasons and application thereof |
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| CN103202166A (en) * | 2013-04-18 | 2013-07-17 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Forcing method of German iris |
| CN105284335A (en) * | 2015-01-07 | 2016-02-03 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for adjusting flowering phase of iris germanica |
| CN106922354A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-07-07 | 杭州市园林绿化股份有限公司 | A kind of Siberian iris annual flower forcing culture method |
| CN107333481A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2017-11-10 | 南通秾源农业科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of Siberian iris |
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2020
- 2020-06-12 CN CN202010537158.8A patent/CN111642351A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101263768A (en) * | 2008-05-08 | 2008-09-17 | 吴月燕 | Louis iris plant division replication fast seedling establishment and ecological application method |
| CN103202166A (en) * | 2013-04-18 | 2013-07-17 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Forcing method of German iris |
| CN105284335A (en) * | 2015-01-07 | 2016-02-03 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for adjusting flowering phase of iris germanica |
| CN107333481A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2017-11-10 | 南通秾源农业科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of Siberian iris |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113079997A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-07-09 | 浙江省园林植物与花卉研究所(浙江省萧山棉麻研究所) | Hemerocallis fulva forcing culture method |
| CN113079997B (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2022-05-31 | 浙江省园林植物与花卉研究所(浙江省萧山棉麻研究所) | Hemerocallis fulva forcing culture method |
| CN114438250A (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-05-06 | 浙江大学 | Iris SSR molecular marker group for screening iris varieties blooming in two seasons and application thereof |
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