CN107333481A - A kind of cultural method of Siberian iris - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of Siberian iris Download PDFInfo
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- CN107333481A CN107333481A CN201610635717.2A CN201610635717A CN107333481A CN 107333481 A CN107333481 A CN 107333481A CN 201610635717 A CN201610635717 A CN 201610635717A CN 107333481 A CN107333481 A CN 107333481A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to ornamental plant cultivation field, and in particular to a kind of method of Siberian iris cultivation.This method is directed to the present situation of Rhizomatous irises forcing culture research work weak foundation first, studies Siberian iris forcing culture, for the structure and the offer foundation and method of application of follow-up more Siberian iris improved seeds forcing culture systems.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ornamental plant cultivation field, and in particular to a kind of method of Siberian iris cultivation.
Technical background
Iris is Iridaceae (Iridaceae) Jris (Iris) herbaceos perennial, is distributed widely in Northern Hemisphere temperature
Band area.Siberian iris (scientific name：Iris sibirica L.)：Herbaceos perennial, plant base portion are with sheath shape leaf
And the fiber of old leaf residual.Root-like stock is sturdy, tiltedly stretches；Fibrous root yellow-white, cord-like, there is the band of shrinkage.Leaf celadon, bar
Shape, top are tapering.Scape is higher than blade, smoothly, high 40-60 centimetres, there is 1-2 pieces of stem leaf；3 pieces of bract, film quality, green, side
Edge slightly reddish violet, narrow avette or lanceolar, top is short tapering, inside includes 2 flowers.Flower bluish violet；Exoperigon sliver falls ovum
Shape, top reflexed is sagging, the narrow ellipse of interior perianth sliver or lanceolar, uprightly.Capsule ovate cylinder, elongated cylindrical or ellipse
Round shape cylindricality, no beak.The month at florescence 4-5, the fruiting period 6-7 months.The species can adapt to various complicated ecological environments, from sylvan life to complete
Sunshine, from aquatic to drought life, there is growth from acid soil to salt-soda soil, and there is very high ornamental value and medicinal valency
Value.In recent years it has also been found that having larger reparative potential to heavy metal pollution of water body.Therefore, iris have short plant, cold-resistant,
The characteristic such as drought resisting, barren-resistant, it is excellent ornamental ground cover plants, at present by as the revegetation of China desertificated area, water and soil
The important species of holding, alkaline land improving and urban afforestation, have important economy and the ecological value.
The breeding of Siberian iris at present takes adult plant progress division propagation, but this breeding frequently with from field
Not only breeding coefficient is low for mode, existing resource is destroyed greatly, and can decline the genetic diversity of population.Seminal propagation conduct
A kind of modes of reproduction of plant, not only breeding coefficient is high, and can improve breeding success rate of the plant in adverse circumstance.But west primary
Leah iris seed generally has hibernation feature, and natural propagation coefficient is low, and hybrid seed germination rate is low under field conditions (factors),
Emerge irregular.And it is less to the research of its growth and breeding both at home and abroad, so far, the research in terms of seed sprouting is still
Blank.The present invention has carried out system research to the Germination characteristics and planting conditions of Siberian iris, inquires into suitable growth bar
Part, it is intended to provide technical basis for its introduction and acclimatization and large-scale planting.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
(1) seed treatment：Siberian iris seed maturity is generally the 8-9 months, should in time harvest, locate immediately after harvesting
Reason sowing.First by seed with 5% liquor natrii hypochloritis soaking disinfection 30min, then by the seed sterilized with 98% sulfuric acid
3min is managed, after deionized water rinsing is clean, with 0.01% Gibberellins solution seed soaking 24h, then the ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid using 300mg/kg
Soak seed 24h；Daytime temperature/night temperature is placed in after cleaning as 25 DEG C/15 DEG C, daytime temperature/temperature time at night is to enter in 12h/12h dark insulating box
Row rudiment is handled, and insulating box humidity is 75%；
(2) transplant seedlings：It can be transplanted after seedling grows 2 true leaves, so do both can also mitigate seedling with ventilation and penetrating light
The generation of phase disease.Carrying the last week gets out cultivation matrix, and cultivation matrix is humus：Garden mould：Peat=3:2:4, before upper basin
First with 1 000 times of liquid of Bravo to matrix spray disinfectant.By seedlings root 50% Bravo, 800 times of liquid and 75% carbendazim
800 times of liquid soak 30min, then transplant in cultivation matrix, seeding row spacing 30cm × 30cm, pour permeable, are put in shady place slow seedling 3
My god；Seedling is removed into greenhouse, using natural lighting, evening temperature is maintained at 10~12 DEG C；The dry and wet condition of period observation basin soil,
Watering in good time；In order to prevent disease, add 80% carbendazim, 600 times of liquid and 50% Bravo 800 with 65% Bravo, 1000 times of liquid
Times liquid adds 70% thiophanate methyl, 1000 times of liquid, and alternately once, individual plant sprays 5ml every time for spray every two weeks；
(3) top dressing：After 4 weeks are placed in greenhouse, nutrient solution top dressing is applied while irrigating, nutrient solution uses every liter of water
Add calcium nitrate 1050mg, potassium nitrate 1530mg, magnesium sulfate 430mg, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 130mg, NaFeEDTA sodium salt 13mg, sulfuric acid
Copper 0.01mg, is applied once, individual plant sprays 10ml every time for every 7 days.Wherein potassium is the activator of a variety of enzymes in plant metabolism, can be prolonged
Long flowering period；
(4) growth retardant is sprayed：After exposing petal, when water spray continues using every 3 days water sprays of automatic sprinkler once
Between by sand press after there is water droplet to ooze out to be defined, noon shading.Daily to spray growth retardant, the growth retardant is using every
Rise water and add 10g uniconazole Ps, 5g ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid sodium iron, 2g zinc sulfate, Prohexadione calcium 1g, 0.5g citric acid, water during use
500 times of dilution, the amount of spraying is 15ml/ strains every time；
The vitamin is vitamin B1, vitamin C and vitamin E, weight ratio is 5:3:4；
The spraying method is foliage-spray, using compression sprayer to each side of the blade of Siberian iris plant
To, uniformly spray until drop flow down.
Beneficial effect：
(1) present invention is that more system be directed to Siberian iris forcing culture method at present, and this method operation is simple
Easy row.This method is directed to the present situation of Rhizomatous irises forcing culture research work weak foundation first, studies Siberian iris
Forcing culture, offer foundation and the side of structure and application for follow-up more Siberian iris improved seeds forcing culture systems
Method；
(2) after acid etching, kind skin is corroded seed, alleviates the machinal resistance of seed, while also add
The ventilative of seed, water penetration, increase percentage of seedgermination；
(3) chemicals treatment is mainly that the germination of seed is improved by the Physiological effect of gibberellin and Ethylene influences seed
Rate；
(4) cultivation matrix humus：Garden mould：Peat=3:2:4 proportioning meets the reproduction environment of Siberian iris, makes
Growth of seedling is healthy and strong, and survival rate is high；
(5) nutrient solution processing can promote Siberian iris plant strain growth and kind of blooming period prolonging；
(6) Post flowering, which sprays growth retardant, can significantly extend the florescence of Siberian iris.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Every group takes 30 seeds, 3 repetitions, first by seed 5% liquor natrii hypochloritis soaking disinfection 30min, then general
98% sulfuric acid treatment 3min of the seed sterilized, after deionized water rinsing is clean, wherein first group is soaked seed with deionized water
48h, second group using 0.01% Gibberellins solution seed soaking 48h, the 3rd group of Ethephon Seed Soaking 48h using 300mg/kg, the 4th
Group using 0.01% Gibberellins solution seed soaking 24h, then the Ethephon Seed Soaking 24h using 300mg/kg, be placed in after cleaning daytime temperature/
Night temperature is 25 DEG C/15 DEG C, carries out rudiment processing in the dark insulating box that daytime temperature/temperature time at night is 12h/12h, insulating box humidity is
Germination percentage is counted after 75%, 7 days and calculates average, it is as a result as follows：
The above results show, are soaked seed respectively using gibberellin and ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid and are remarkably improved the germination percentage of iris seed.
Embodiment 2
Every group takes 30 seeds, 3 repetitions, first by seed 5% liquor natrii hypochloritis soaking disinfection 30min, then general
98% sulfuric acid treatment 3min of the seed sterilized, after deionized water rinsing is clean, soaked seed with 0.01% Gibberellins solution
24h, then the Ethephon Seed Soaking 24h using 300mg/kg；Daytime temperature/night temperature is placed in after cleaning as 25 DEG C/15 DEG C, during daytime temperature/night temperature
Between to carry out rudiment processing in 12h/12h dark insulating box, insulating box humidity is 75%, wherein first group of illumination/it is dark when
Between 24h/0h, second group of illumination/interlunation 12h/12h, the 3rd group of illumination/interlunation 0h/24h, intensity of illumination is 50 μ
mol·m-2·s-1, germination percentage is counted after 7 days and calculates average, it is as a result as follows：
The above results show, completely black dark condition of culture can remarkably promote the sprouting of Siberian iris seed, reach compared with
Good germination percentage.
Embodiment 3
Every group takes 30 seeds, 3 repetitions, first by seed 5% liquor natrii hypochloritis soaking disinfection 30min, then general
98% sulfuric acid treatment 3min of the seed sterilized, after deionized water rinsing is clean, soaked seed with 0.01% Gibberellins solution
24h, then the Ethephon Seed Soaking 24h using 300mg/kg；Progress rudiment processing, daytime temperature/night in dark insulating box are placed in after cleaning
Temperature is respectively set to 30 DEG C, 25 DEG C, 20 DEG C, 15 DEG C, time 12h/12h, and insulating box humidity counts germination after being 75%, 7 days
Rate simultaneously calculates average, as a result as follows：
Embodiment 4
Take 60 plants transplant seedlings after the Siberian iris plant of 4 weeks, be divided into 3 groups, every group 20 plants, first group is control, is sprayed
Deionized water；Second group sprays certain common nutritional liquid on the market；3rd group sprays nutrient solution of the present invention, i.e. nutrient solution is adopted
Calcium nitrate 1050mg, potassium nitrate 1530mg, magnesium sulfate 430mg, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 130mg, NaFeEDTA sodium salt are added with every liter of water
13mg, copper sulphate 0.01mg are configured, and are applied once within every 7 days, and individual plant sprays 10ml every time, and observation counts iris upgrowth situation and opened
Take time, find to spray Siberian iris average florescence of nutrient solution of the present invention compared with spraying deionized water and certain is normal on the market
See nutrient solution advance flowering period 2-5 days, florescence total duration extends 4-10 days, and healthy and strong compared with its growth, and pattern is big and gorgeous.
Embodiment 5
120 plants of Siberian iris plant exposed after petal are taken, are divided into 6 groups, every group 20 plants, 3 groups of Siberian iris
Cultural method of the present invention is used, it distinguishes the dosage for being each component in step (4) growth retardant, counts every
The time from blooming to withering is spent, and calculates every group of average florescence, it is as a result as follows：
From above-mentioned data analysis, when growth retardant adds 10g uniconazole Ps, 5g ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid sodium using every liter of water
Iron, 2g zinc sulfate, the average florescence of Siberian iris is most long during Prohexadione calcium 1g, 0.5g citric acid.
Embodiment 6
10g uniconazole Ps, 5g ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid sodium iron, 2g zinc sulfate, Prohexadione calcium 1g, 0.5g lemon are added using every liter of water
Acid configuration growth retardant, selects 80 plants of growing way identicals Siberian iris that bloomed to be sprayed to having a competition in nursery
Test.Control spray clear water, handle by dilution 100 times, 500 times, 1000 times and spray growth retardant, every 20 plants are one group, and statistics is every
The time from blooming to withering piece is spent, and calculates every group of average florescence, statistical result is as follows：
Observe plant after 7 days to find, the Siberian iris flower amount through spraying outgrowth delayer is more and dilute than compareing
It is most to release 500 times of flower amount, about 30% is added than control；Observed again after 3 days, the Siberia handled through growth retardant
Iris remains in that good posture, and what is withered is seldom, and compares major part and wilted, and dilutes 500 times of growth conditions most
It is good.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of Siberian iris cultural method, including：
(1) seed treatment：First by seed with 5% liquor natrii hypochloritis soaking disinfection 30min, then the seed sterilized used
98% sulfuric acid treatment 3min, after deionized water rinsing is clean, soaked seed 24h with 0.01% Gibberellins solution, then using 300mg/
Kg Ethephon Seed Soaking 24h；Daytime temperature/night temperature is placed in after cleaning as 25 DEG C/15 DEG C, daytime temperature/temperature time at night is 12h/12h dark
Rudiment processing is carried out in insulating box, insulating box humidity is 75%；
(2) transplant seedlings：After seedling grows 2 true leaves, by seedlings root 50% Bravo, 800 times of liquid and 75% carbendazim 800
Times liquid immersion 30min, is then transplanted in cultivation matrix, seeding row spacing 30cm × 30cm, pours permeable, is put in shady place slow seedling 3 days；
Seedling is removed into greenhouse, using natural lighting, evening temperature is maintained at 10~12 DEG C；The dry and wet condition of period observation basin soil, is fitted
When water；800 times of liquid of 80% carbendazim, 600 times of liquid and 50% Bravo are added to add 70% methyl support with 65% Bravo, 1000 times of liquid
Alternately once, individual plant sprays 5ml to 1000 times of cloth Tianjin liquid every time for spray every two weeks；
(3) top dressing：After 4 weeks are placed in greenhouse, nutrient solution top dressing is applied while irrigating, nutrient solution is added using every liter of water
Calcium nitrate 1050mg, potassium nitrate 1530mg, magnesium sulfate 430mg, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 130mg, NaFeEDTA sodium salt 13mg, copper sulphate
0.01mg, apply once within every 7 days, individual plant sprays 10ml every time；
(4) growth retardant is sprayed：After exposing petal, using every 3 days of automatic sprinkler water spray once, the water spray duration with
Sand has water droplet to ooze out to be defined after pressing, noon shading；Growth retardant is sprayed daily, the growth retardant uses every liter of water
10g uniconazole Ps are added, 5g ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid sodium iron, 2g zinc sulfate, Prohexadione calcium 1g, 0.5g citric acid, are diluted with water during use
500 times, the amount of spraying is 15ml/ strains every time.
2. cultivation matrix according to claim 1, the cultivation matrix is humus：Garden mould：Peat=3:2:4, upper basin
It is preceding first to use 1 000 times of liquid of Bravo to matrix spray disinfectant.
3. vitamin according to claim 1, the vitamin is vitamin B1, vitamin C and vitamin E, weight ratio be
5:3:4。
4. spraying method according to claim 1, the spraying method is foliage-spray, using compression sprayer to west primary
The blade all directions of Leah iris plant, uniformly spray until drop flows down.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610635717.2A CN107333481A (en) | 2016-08-03 | 2016-08-03 | A kind of cultural method of Siberian iris |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610635717.2A CN107333481A (en) | 2016-08-03 | 2016-08-03 | A kind of cultural method of Siberian iris |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107333481A true CN107333481A (en) | 2017-11-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201610635717.2A Pending CN107333481A (en) | 2016-08-03 | 2016-08-03 | A kind of cultural method of Siberian iris |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111642351A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-09-11 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for promoting early flowering of German iris and application |
| CN112840988A (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2021-05-28 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for improving planting survival rate of salt-like iris in severe saline-alkali soil |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103931297A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-07-23 | 江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所 | Method for promoting seed germination of iris germanica |
| CN104255229A (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2015-01-07 | 浙江大学 | Method for promoting growth of iris germanica lateral buds through plant growth retardants |
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2016
- 2016-08-03 CN CN201610635717.2A patent/CN107333481A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103931297A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-07-23 | 江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所 | Method for promoting seed germination of iris germanica |
| CN104255229A (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2015-01-07 | 浙江大学 | Method for promoting growth of iris germanica lateral buds through plant growth retardants |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 四川省农业科学院，四川省科学技术厅: "《科技增收实用技术》", 31 March 2014, 四川科学技术出版社 * |
| 毕晓颖，雷家军: "《花卉栽培技术》", 30 September 2010, 东北大学出版社 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111642351A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-09-11 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for promoting early flowering of German iris and application |
| CN112840988A (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2021-05-28 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for improving planting survival rate of salt-like iris in severe saline-alkali soil |
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Application publication date: 20171110 |