CN102640629A - Dioscorea composita cutting propagation method - Google Patents
Dioscorea composita cutting propagation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102640629A CN102640629A CN2011100414709A CN201110041470A CN102640629A CN 102640629 A CN102640629 A CN 102640629A CN 2011100414709 A CN2011100414709 A CN 2011100414709A CN 201110041470 A CN201110041470 A CN 201110041470A CN 102640629 A CN102640629 A CN 102640629A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dioscorea composita cutting propagation method, which comprises the steps of mother seedling culture, scion picking, sterilization treatment, scion shearing, rooting agent and sterilizing agent treatment, seedling bed treatment, cuttage and cutting scion management, wherein half lignified stem branches are selected from mother seedlings, cutting scions subjected to sterilization treatment and one-section half leaf shearing are sheared, the cutting scions are inserted onto a seedling bed made of sterilized sand soil after being treated by rooting agents and sterilizing agents, in addition, a transparent film tunnel is built around the cutting scions for sealing a space around the cutting scions, the water spraying is not needed in the period, the transparent film tunnel is dismounted after new bud growing of the cutting scions, and the cutting scions are moved out to be cultured in the field after several months of conventional management. By aiming at the defects of high manufacture cost caused by special requirement substrate demand in the existing dioscorea composita propagation technology and the defects of management complexity and high cost caused by water spraying work required on the cutting scions after the cuttage, the invention provides the dioscorea composita cutting propagation method with the advantages that the manufacture cost of the cuttage substrate is low, the management is simple, and the survival rate is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for propagation, relate in particular to a kind of Dioscorea camposita cuttage breeding method.
Background technology
Dioscorea camposita is the Dioscoreaceae yam; Originating in Mexico, is the important plant material that is used to produce Chinese yam saponin, for existing homemade Chinese yam; Have that output height, cultivated character are good, the high advantage of Chinese yam saponin content in the stem tuber; Because the Chinese yam saponin content of Dioscorea camposita is high, individual plant Chinese yam saponin content reaches as high as 13%, along with Chinese yam saponin and Related product increasing demand thereof are increased; Need a large amount of cultivation Dioscorea campositas, but traditional cultivation and breeding pattern are difficult to satisfy secondary industry demand fast.There are some problems in the existing Dioscorea camposita cottage propagation: the one, high to the cutting medium requirement.The cutting medium of Dioscorea camposita must be selected thin river sand, dragon's blood sand or the perlite etc. through being exposed to the sun, thereby has increased the cost of manufacture of cutting medium to a great extent.The 2nd, after the cuttage, from insert play in fringe cuttage to the matrix insert fringe and send adventive root during, need carry out the work of water smoke spray every day to the slotting fringe of cuttage, the management of inserting fringe is very complicated comparatively, causes the rising of management cost.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is; Cause after the high and cuttage of cost of manufacture and will carry out the work of water smoke spray and cause the loaded down with trivial details defect of high cost of management to the matrix that needs specific (special) requirements in the existing Dioscorea camposita propagation technique, the Dioscorea camposita cuttage breeding method that a kind of cutting medium cost of manufacture is low, management is simple, survival rate is high is provided inserting fringe.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of Dioscorea camposita cuttage breeding method may further comprise the steps:
(1), female Miao Peiyu: the nursery is concentrated and is cultivated the female seedling of Dioscorea camposita;
(2), adopt fringe: select the climing branch of semi-lignified stem on female seedling, from the climing rhizome position clip of stem;
(3), sterilization processing: the climing branch of semi-lignified stem of clip is put into bactericide soak 8-10 minute sterilization processing;
(4), cut fringe: on the climing branch of semi-lignified stem, choose the leaf that to gather, respectively branch is respectively cut partial application in the petiole base attachment region both sides of leaf, and part is wiped out by the direction of end of blade to phyllopodium in the blade face of leaf, process the slotting fringe of half leaf, one joint;
(5), root-growing agent, bactericide handle: will insert fringe petiole base attachment region and immerse in the root-growing agent with the lower part and soak, soak accomplish after, will insert fringe and immerse in the bactericide fully and soak;
(6), the seedbed handles: select sand as medium of seedling bed, remove the impurity in the medium of seedling bed and loosen the soil smoothly, adopt the sterilization that carries out disinfection of bactericide pouring medium of seedling bed again;
(7), cuttage: every slotting fringe petiole base comprises that with the lower part petiole base inserts medium of seedling bed;
(8), insert the fringe management: insert after the fringe cuttage is accomplished bactericide directly to be watered to be filled in and insert on the fringe; Build the sealing of transparent membrane shed again and insert the fringe surrounding space; Need not the water spray therebetween; Fringe to be inserted removes the transparent membrane shed after bearing sprouting, lets the slotting fringe that grows sprouting grow in the sun, and Routine Management is moved to field production after several months.
In the said step (1), preferably to female seedling shading, prevent the too fast lignification of the climing branch of its stem, the 8-12 before the cuttage sprays fertilizer in day, impels female seedling to absorb nutrition and reaches the fringe condition of adopting.
In the said step (2), the climing branch of preferred described semi-lignified stem is that branch is not big with spot, toughness, diameter is the climing branch of stem of 1-2.5 millimeter.
In the said step (4); Preferably on the climing branch of semi-lignified stem, choose the leaf that to gather; Respectively branch is respectively cut partial application at leaf from following 0.5-1cm of petiole base attachment region and the above 4-6cm of attachment region; And the blade face wiped out the 2/3-1/2 area by the direction of end of blade to phyllopodium, process the slotting fringe of half leaf, one joint.
In the said step (5), the preferred root-growing agent of configuration earlier solution, the slotting fringe that again half leaf one is saved immerses in the root-growing agent solution with the lower part at the petiole base attachment region and soaked 40-50 minute, and whole immersion process middle period face portion does not contact with root-growing agent solution; After soak accomplishing, will insert fringe and from root-growing agent solution, take out and will insert fringe and be immersed in fully to soak after 15-25 minute in the bactericide and take out, preparation is used for cuttage.
In the said step (5), preferred described root-growing agent restrains for the alcohol-soluble CPPU 0.1-0.4 milligram of adding, indolebutyric acid 50-100 milligram, 5% aqua jinggangmycin 15-25 in every premium on currency; The fungicide carbendazim that adopts.
In the said step (6), preferred said medium of seedling bed silt content is 50-90%, and cuttage prefinishing seedbed is removed various impurity and loosened the soil smooth; Directly water with the microbicide solution of 200 times of carbendazim 50% wettable powder dilution agents again and be filled on the medium of seedling bed.
In the said step (8), the preferred bactericide that adopts is a carbendazim.
In the said step (8), preferred described transparent membrane shed is to adopt bamboo chip and film paper to process, and builds the sealing of transparent membrane shed along the seedbed and inserts the fringe surrounding space.
In the said step (8), preferred said transparent membrane shed is removed the transparent membrane shed to inserting fringe 20-25 consecutive days of sealing, lets the slotting fringe that grows sprouting grow in the sun.
In the Dioscorea camposita cuttage breeding method of the present invention; Cutting medium need not to select thin river sand, dragon's blood sand or the perlite etc. through being exposed to the sun; Only need be chosen in the general sand and get final product; And cutting medium need not make especially, to cutting medium require low, the also corresponding reduction of cost of manufacture.On the other hand; From insert play in fringe cuttage to the matrix insert fringe and send adventive root during, adopt the encapsulation process of transparent membrane shed to keep inserting the humidity of fringe surrounding environment, replaced loaded down with trivial details in the past water smoke spray work; Thereby also make management work become easy, management cost also reduces greatly.Experiment shows, this method survival rate is nearly 80%, but Mexico's Dioscorea camposita industrialized development has been satisfied in every mu of about 200,000 strains of output seedling.
Embodiment
The present invention specifies the present invention through following concrete steps:
One, the cultivation of female seedling
Concentrate the female seedling of cultivation Dioscorea camposita in the nursery; And female Miao Jinhang part sunshade to growing; The method of sunshade can be employed in top, fringe nursery and set up crape net booth; Reduce the irradiation of sunlight to the female seedling of Dioscorea camposita, be used to prevent the too fast lignification of the climing branch of stem, sunshading method can also be that part hides.The lignified thick and stiff and band black splotch of stem bar that shows as, softness is very little, is unfavorable for cuttage rooting, and slotting fringe is root of hair and last withered mashed not, badly influences the survival rate of cuttage, therefore generally inserts the branch that semi-lignified is selected in ear selection.
Before cuttage, 8-12 consecutive days female seedling is sprayed fertilizer, purpose is to make female Miao Shengchang unified, and female seedling ratio that can supply to adopt fringe is big, and the stem long nutritional sufficiency of overgrowing, and the blade face color and luster is dark green, and food value of leaf plumpness is to reach the condition of adopting fringe that meets.Fertilizer is selected to have multiple, for example: ammonium sulfate, carbon ammonium, ammonium chloride, urea, carbonic hydroammonium, ammonium nitrate, superphosphate, fused calcium magnesium phosphate, tricalcium phosphate, potassium chloride etc.Present embodiment is that to select mass percentage concentration for use be 0.5% aqueous solution of urea as fertilizer sources; It is preferred steps that female seedling is sprayed fertilizer; Above-mentioned effect is then arranged; Then do not meet female seedling negligible amounts of adopting the fringe condition, and growth not very unifiedly to make that adopt the spike number amount reduces, but do not influence the subsequent step of Dioscorea camposita cottage propagation.
Two, adopt fringe
In the nursery, select the climing branch of stem that the leaf color is dark green, be in the semi-lignified degree, it from the climing rhizome position clip of stem, is concentrated to put well to be ready for use on and cut fringe.The climing branch of semi-lignified stem is that branch is not big with spot, toughness, diameter is the climing branch of stem of 1-2.5 millimeter.Adopting ear selection when selecting, can in above-mentioned diameter range.
Three, sterilization processing
The climing branch of semi-lignified stem of clip is put into the bactericide soaking sterilization to be handled.
At first dispose bactericide: bactericide is in order to kill the inhibition thalli growth, to avoid slotting fringe to be subject to bacterial infection and withered rotting, effectively improving the survival rate of cuttage.The kind of bactericide is a lot; Can select: jinggangmeisu, topsin, tpn, benomyl, streptomycin etc.; The preferred jinggangmeisu of present embodiment (producer: Tonglu, Zhejiang Province biochemical industry Co., Ltd); Jinggangmeisu is the very strong disinfectant use in agriculture of systemic action, uses the microbicide solution of jinggangmeisu 5% aqua compound concentration as 50g/L.
Sterilization: the climing branch of stem that will in the nursery, be gathered again immerses fully the above-mentioned microbicide solution for preparing and soaked 8-10 minute, to disturb and inhibition somatic cells g and D.Soak time any numerical value in 8-10 minute scope can both be realized the effect of bactericidal fully.
Four, cut fringe
On the climing branch of the stem after the sterilization processing; Choose the leaf that to gather; Partial application is respectively cut to branch respectively in petiole base attachment region both sides at leaf; Promptly cut partial application respectively at following 0.5-1cm of petiole base attachment region and above 5cm, otch is concordant, and the leaf that just will have blade face and petiole is cut from the climing branch of stem.And then the blade face wiped out a part by the direction of end of blade to phyllopodium, and generally be to wipe out blade face 2/3-1/2 area, process half leaf, one joint and insert fringe.The slotting fringe of at last that clip is good half leaf, one joint is tied into a bundle at the above 2-4cm of slotting fringe petiole base attachment region place with rubber band by about 30 quantity, and keeps the bottom concordant to make things convenient for immersion treatment.
Because plant corpus mainly comes the supply of moisture in the perfect aspect to replenish by root system; And inserted fringe before root system does not grow; Slotting fringe fails to obtain replenishing of moisture, therefore must will insert fringe blade face part and wipe out the 2/3-1/2 area to reduce the moisture transpiration of inserting fringe itself, makes slotting fringe be difficult for withered and inactivation.
Five, root-growing agent and bactericide are handled
Dispose root-growing agent solution earlier, the slotting fringe that again half leaf one is saved immerses in the root-growing agent solution with the lower part at the petiole base attachment region and soaked 40-50 minute, and whole immersion process middle period face portion does not contact with root-growing agent solution; After soak accomplishing, will insert fringe and from root-growing agent solution, take out and will insert fringe and be immersed in fully to soak after 15-25 minute in 200 times of carbendazim germicidal solutions of 50% wetting powder and take out, preparation is used for cuttage.Root-growing agent restrains for the alcohol-soluble CPPU 0.1-0.4 milligram of adding, indolebutyric acid 50-100 milligram, 5% aqua jinggangmycin 15-25 in every premium on currency; The bactericide that adopts is a carbendazim, promptly adopts 50% wettable powder dilution agent of carbendazim to process Bavistin solution for 200 times.
Can adopt following proportioning raw materials in the present embodiment:
| Raw material | Proportioning 1 | Proportioning 2 | Proportioning 3 | Proportioning 4 | Proportioning 5 |
| Alcohol-soluble CPPU | 0.1mg | 0.2mg | 0.3mg | 0.4mg | 0.25mg |
| Indolebutyric acid | 60mg | 80mg | 75mg | 70mg | 100mg |
| 5% aqua jinggangmycin | 16g | 20g | 18g | 25g | 20g |
CPPU is called the basic element of cell division, has the acceleration cell mitogen, promotes the effect that cell increases and breaks up.Indolebutyric acid can promote the rooting of cuttings of plant, and is especially fairly obvious to rooting effect.Jinggangmycin has stronger interior absorption, and easy the absorption also by somatic cells conducted rapidly within it, disturbs and inhibition somatic cells g and D, and effectively the slotting fringe of assurance is avoided bacterial infection and improved cuttage survival rate during growing.Do not handle if do not carry out root-growing agent, the survival rate of whole cuttage will be very low.
Six, handle in the seedbed
The cuttage seedbed is chosen in sand as medium of seedling bed, the middle partially high level of its silt content, and any number can in the 50-90% scope for silt content.Before the cuttage, the seedbed is organized into width 85cm, length is not limit, and medium of seedling bed is removed impurity such as plastic sack, leaf branch and loosened the soil smooth.Directly water with bactericide and be filled on the medium of seedling bed with disinfection, the seedbed through above processing just can be used for cottage propagation.The purpose that adopts bactericide pouring seedbed is owing to contain a large amount of bacteriums in the soil, and slotting fringe is vulnerable to bacterial infection and influences into alively, through the effective bacteria growing inhibiting in the seedbed of sterilization processing, makes slotting fringe avoid bacterial infection.The kind of bactericide is a lot, can select: jinggangmeisu, topsin, tpn, benomyl, streptomycin etc., and present embodiment adopts carbendazim, and the 50% wettable powder dilution agent that is about to carbendazim is processed microbicide solution for 200 times.
Seven, cuttage
Untie the good slotting fringe of binding, every slotting fringe petiole base is comprised that with the lower part petiole base itself inserts in the medium of seedling bed, the distance of inserting between the fringe is not overlapping being advisable between the leaf.
Eight, insert the fringe management
When slotting fringe cuttage was accomplished, and then bactericide directly watered to be filled in and inserts on the fringe, and the pouring bactericide is that the space of inserting the fringe petiole base can cover through soil after pouring on the one hand, and bactericide can suppress the seedbed bacterial growth to improve the survival rate of cuttage on the other hand.Then build the transparent membrane shed along the seedbed with bamboo chip and film paper, the fringe surrounding space is inserted in sealing, need not spray therebetween.With film paper 13-15 consecutive days of sealing; The just visible petiole joint eye place that inserts fringe of selective examination has grown adventive root; Continuation is sealed to 20-25 consecutive days with shed and has grown sprouting it is thus clear that insert fringe; Just can raise the film paper of sealing this moment, lets the slotting fringe that grows sprouting grow in the sun, and be used for field production by conventional just extensible nursery of 5 months time of seed cultivation management by methods.The kind of bactericide is a lot, can adopt jinggangmeisu, topsin, tpn, benomyl, streptomycin etc., and present embodiment adopts carbendazim, and the 50% wettable powder dilution agent that is about to carbendazim is processed Bavistin solution for 400 times.
Experiment: the present invention selects 2m respectively
2, 4m
2, 10m
2The seedbed carry out cuttage experiment.Wherein the silt content in three seedbeds is respectively 50%, 70%, 90%, and cuttage survival rate is respectively 78%, 82%, 75%, and average survival is nearly 80%, but Mexico's Dioscorea camposita industrialized development has been satisfied in every mu of about 200,000 strains of output seedling.
Claims (10)
1. a Dioscorea camposita cuttage breeding method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1), female Miao Peiyu: the nursery is concentrated and is cultivated the female seedling of Dioscorea camposita;
(2), adopt fringe: select the climing branch of semi-lignified stem on female seedling, from the climing rhizome position clip of stem;
(3), sterilization processing: the climing branch of semi-lignified stem of clip is put into bactericide soak 8-10 minute sterilization processing;
(4), cut fringe: on the climing branch of semi-lignified stem, choose the leaf that to gather, respectively branch is respectively cut partial application in the petiole base attachment region both sides of leaf, and part is wiped out by the direction of end of blade to phyllopodium in the blade face of leaf, process the slotting fringe of half leaf, one joint;
(5), root-growing agent, bactericide handle: will insert fringe petiole base attachment region and immerse in the root-growing agent with the lower part and soak, soak accomplish after, will insert fringe and immerse in the bactericide fully and soak;
(6), the seedbed handles: select sand as medium of seedling bed, remove the impurity in the medium of seedling bed and loosen the soil smoothly, adopt the sterilization that carries out disinfection of bactericide pouring medium of seedling bed again;
(7), cuttage: every slotting fringe petiole base comprises that with the lower part petiole base inserts medium of seedling bed;
(8), insert the fringe management: insert after the fringe cuttage is accomplished bactericide directly to be watered to be filled in and insert on the fringe; Build the sealing of transparent membrane shed again and insert the fringe surrounding space; Need not the water spray therebetween; Fringe to be inserted removes the transparent membrane shed after bearing sprouting, lets the slotting fringe that grows sprouting grow in the sun, and Routine Management is moved to field production after several months.
2. Dioscorea camposita cuttage breeding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the said step (1), to female seedling shading, prevents the too fast lignification of the climing branch of its stem, and the 8-12 before the cuttage sprays fertilizer in day, impels female seedling to absorb nutrition and reaches the fringe condition of adopting.
3. Dioscorea camposita cuttage breeding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the said step (2), the climing branch of described semi-lignified stem is that branch is not big with spot, toughness, diameter is the climing branch of stem of 1-2.5 millimeter.
4. Dioscorea camposita cuttage breeding method according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; In the said step (4), on the climing branch of semi-lignified stem, choose the leaf that to gather, respectively branch is respectively cut partial application from following 0.5-1cm of petiole base attachment region and the above 4-6cm of attachment region at leaf; And the blade face wiped out the 2/3-1/2 area by the direction of end of blade to phyllopodium, process the slotting fringe of half leaf, one joint.
5. Dioscorea camposita cuttage breeding method according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; In the said step (5); Dispose root-growing agent solution earlier, the slotting fringe that again half leaf one is saved immerses in the root-growing agent solution with the lower part at the petiole base attachment region and soaked 40-50 minute, and whole immersion process middle period face portion does not contact with root-growing agent solution; After soak accomplishing, will insert fringe and from root-growing agent solution, take out and will insert fringe and be immersed in fully to soak after 15-25 minute in the bactericide and take out, preparation is used for cuttage.
6. Dioscorea camposita cuttage breeding method according to claim 5; It is characterized in that; In the said step (5), described root-growing agent restrains for the alcohol-soluble CPPU 0.1-0.4 milligram of adding, indolebutyric acid 50-100 milligram, 5% aqua jinggangmycin 15-25 in every premium on currency; The bactericide that adopts is a carbendazim.
7. Dioscorea camposita cuttage breeding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the said step (6), said medium of seedling bed silt content is 50-90%, and cuttage prefinishing seedbed is removed various impurity and loosened the soil smooth; Directly water with 200 times of microbicide solutions of processing of 50% wettable powder dilution agent of carbendazim again and be filled on the medium of seedling bed.
8. Dioscorea camposita cuttage breeding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the said step (8), the bactericide of employing is a carbendazim.
9. Dioscorea camposita cuttage breeding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the said step (8), described transparent membrane shed is to adopt bamboo chip and film paper to process, and builds sealing along the seedbed and insert the fringe surrounding space.
10. Dioscorea camposita cuttage breeding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the said step (8), said transparent membrane shed is removed the transparent membrane shed to inserting fringe 20-25 consecutive days of sealing, lets the slotting fringe that grows sprouting grow in the sun.
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| CN103210768A (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2013-07-24 | 陕西理工学院 | Cutting seedling raising method of peltate yam rhizome |
| CN103416183A (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2013-12-04 | 重庆市药物种植研究所 | Artificial cultivation method of dioscorea zingiberensis |
| CN103947449A (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2014-07-30 | 华南农业大学 | Cultivation method of Dioscorea composita |
| CN104718954A (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2015-06-24 | 张玉雯 | Radix pseudostellariae cutting propagation method |
| CN109197195A (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2019-01-15 | 北华大学 | A kind of method of argy wormwood cutting propagation |
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| CN1732755A (en) * | 2005-08-09 | 2006-02-15 | 陈新荣 | Application of cuttage rapid propagating method in dioscorea composita seedling propagation |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103210768A (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2013-07-24 | 陕西理工学院 | Cutting seedling raising method of peltate yam rhizome |
| CN103416183A (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2013-12-04 | 重庆市药物种植研究所 | Artificial cultivation method of dioscorea zingiberensis |
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| CN103947449A (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2014-07-30 | 华南农业大学 | Cultivation method of Dioscorea composita |
| CN104718954A (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2015-06-24 | 张玉雯 | Radix pseudostellariae cutting propagation method |
| CN109197195A (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2019-01-15 | 北华大学 | A kind of method of argy wormwood cutting propagation |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102640629B (en) | 2014-01-01 |
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