CN109247156B - Method for regulating and controlling flowering phase of hippeastrum rutilum in south China - Google Patents
Method for regulating and controlling flowering phase of hippeastrum rutilum in south China Download PDFInfo
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- CN109247156B CN109247156B CN201811359014.7A CN201811359014A CN109247156B CN 109247156 B CN109247156 B CN 109247156B CN 201811359014 A CN201811359014 A CN 201811359014A CN 109247156 B CN109247156 B CN 109247156B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for regulating and controlling the florescence of hippeastrum in south China, which comprises the following steps: selecting hippeastrum rutilum seed balls to finish field pilling, cutting off leaves at a position 3cm away from the upper parts of the seed balls, cutting off redundant roots at a position 3cm away from the root parts of the seed balls, cleaning, and then sterilizing and performing hormone treatment; placing the hippeastrum seed balls in a low-temperature dark environment at 5-9 ℃ for 12h, then placing the hippeastrum seed balls in a high-temperature dark environment at 22-25 ℃ for 12h, alternately treating for 10 days in such a way, and then placing the hippeastrum seed balls in a low-temperature dark environment at 5-9 ℃ for 20 days and taking out the hippeastrum seed balls; after the low-temperature treatment is finished, transplanting hippeastrum seed balls, planting one hippeastrum seed in each pot, covering soil, placing in the open, and performing hormone treatment after the hippeastrum seed grows out of leaves; trimming and maintaining management. The treatment method shortens the treatment time of the hippeastrum temperature to 30 days, shortens the whole growth cycle of florescence regulation to two months, and obviously shortens the production cycle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of planting, in particular to a method for regulating and controlling the florescence of hippeastrum in south China.
Background
The Hippeastrum hybridum belongs to perennial herb flowers which bloom in spring in autumn and are in the genus of Hippeastrum in the family of lycopodaceae, blooms 4-5 months per year, has various gardening varieties and rich colors, and is widely cultivated in all countries in the world at present, but in the south China, the Hippeastrum blooms once per year, has short flowering phase, and the normal flowering time is the time for opening many flowers, so that the ornamental and application values of the flowers cannot be highlighted.
The existing method for regulating and controlling the florescence of hippeastrum has the defects of immature technical method, longer temperature treatment and plant growth time, higher cost and the like, so that how to provide a method for regulating and controlling the florescence in south China, which is quick and low in cost and can effectively prolong the ornamental time of hippeastrum, is a problem to be solved by technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a flowering phase regulating method which is rapid and low in cost in south China and can effectively prolong the ornamental time of hippeastrum.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for regulating and controlling the florescence of hippeastrum rutilum in south China comprises the following steps:
1) selecting hippeastrum roseum seed balls with the ball diameter of more than 5cm to finish field pilling, cutting off leaves at a position of 3cm above the seed balls, cutting off redundant roots at a position of 3cm left at the root parts of the seed balls, cleaning, disinfecting and performing hormone treatment, washing with clear water, placing the balls in a clear outdoor place for airing, placing the balls in a plastic basket for temperature change treatment when the leaves are completely withered and yellow and the outer skins of the seed balls contain no moisture and can be easily peeled off;
2) placing the hippeastrum seed balls in a low-temperature dark environment at 5-9 ℃ for 12h, then placing the hippeastrum seed balls in a high-temperature dark environment at 22-25 ℃ for 12h, alternately treating for 10 days in such a way, and then placing the hippeastrum seed balls in a low-temperature dark environment at 5-9 ℃ for 20 days and taking out the hippeastrum seed balls;
3) selecting a flowerpot with vent holes at the bottom as a planting pot, and using the flowerpot after disinfection treatment;
4) preparing fertile cultivation soil and a base fertilizer suitable for the growth of hippeastrum, uniformly mixing, and sterilizing to obtain the soil for hippeastrum cultivation;
5) after the low-temperature treatment is finished, transplanting the hippeastrum bulbs, planting one hippeastrum in each pot, covering 2/3 parts of the hippeastrum bulbs with cultivation soil after soil covering and compaction, placing the seedlings in the open air, and then performing daily water and fertilizer management;
6) after the hippeastrum leaves grow out, hormone treatment is carried out;
7) trimming and maintaining management.
Further, the method for disinfecting the seed bulbs in the step 1) comprises the steps of preparing one thousandth of carbendazim solution and soaking the hippeastrum seed bulbs for 5-10min, and the hormone treatment method comprises the steps of preparing 200mg/L, NAA100mg/L of hormone solution of gibberellin (GA3) and soaking the hormone solution for 24 h.
Furthermore, the periphery of the inner wall of the plastic basket is wrapped by double-layer sponge, and a layer of water-absorbing resin is flatly laid in the middle of the double-layer sponge.
Further, the specification of the planting pot in the step 3) is that the diameter of the pot is 18cm-25cm, the depth of the pot is 15cm-20cm, the disinfection treatment mode is that when the planting pot is an old pot which is reused, 800-1000 times of potassium permanganate solution is adopted for soaking for 1-2 hours for use, and when the planting pot is a new pot, 75% alcohol is sprayed for use.
Further, the cultivation soil in the step 4) is prepared by uniformly mixing peat soil, vermiculite and perlite, the corresponding volume ratio is 3:1:1, the base fertilizer is prepared by mixing compound fertilizer and fermented and decomposed chicken manure according to the mass ratio of 30:1, and each kilogram of cultivation soil is mixed with 15-30g of base fertilizer; uniformly mixing the cultivation soil and the base fertilizer, uniformly spraying one thousandth of carbendazim, covering and sealing the mixture for 1 to 2 days by using a plastic film after uniformly stirring, and airing the mixture for 1 to 2 days outside a sunny weather, namely the cultivation soil.
Further, the compound fertilizer is YARA Norway Miao Le series compound fertilizer (N: P: K ═ 15:15:15),
further, the water and fertilizer management in the step 5) comprises water management and fertilizer application management, in the aspect of water management, after transplanting is finished, water is poured once every week according to the principle that water is dry and wet, the watering time is selected to be performed at 5-6 pm, in the aspect of fertilizer application management, after flower buds are exposed, fertilizer application is performed once, the fertilizer is selected to be a soluble compound fertilizer with more flowers (N: P: K: 20:20:20), the compound fertilizer is prepared into 1000-time liquid to be poured onto seed balls, and the water and fertilizer application is matched with the watering, so that the water and fertilizer management is performed at 5-6 pm.
Further, the hormone treatment in the step 6) is to prepare 400mg/L gibberellin (GA3) solution and 100 mg/L6-BA solution, 100ml of the two solutions are sprayed each time after the leaves grow, the spraying is carried out once every week, and the spraying is stopped before the leaves bloom.
Further, the maintenance management mode in the step 7) is to timely clean the bloomed residual flowers or scapes along the flower base or scape base by using scissors when the hippeastrum enters the flowering phase.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the treatment method shortens the treatment time of the hippeastrum temperature to 30 days, shortens the whole growth cycle of florescence regulation to two months, and obviously shortens the production cycle.
2) By the processing method, the flowering rate of the hippeastrum rutilum reaches 95%, the average diameter of a single flower is increased by 3cm, the average height of flower stems is increased by 6cm, the flowering period of a single scape is prolonged by 2-3 days, the group flowering period is prolonged by about 10 days, the ornamental time of the hippeastrum rutilum is prolonged, and the ornamental value of the hippeastrum rutilum is improved.
3) By the treatment method, a hippeastrum cultivation program, improvement of the temperature treatment method and use of plant hormones can be accurately arranged, the production cost can be saved, the shortening of the production period can accelerate the turnover rate of land utilization, favorable market price can be obtained during sale, the application prospect of the hippeastrum market is widened, and the economic benefit is obvious.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
A method for regulating and planting hippeastrum in south China to advance the flowering phase of hippeastrum comprises changing temperature of seed balls, treating at low temperature, and applying chemical fertilizer and phytohormone.
Example 1:
the experimental trials were conducted in the small kindred pilot base of huizhou city, guangdong, beginning in mid 8 th of 2017.
A method for regulating and controlling the florescence of hippeastrum rutilum in south China comprises the following specific implementation steps:
(1) selecting a hippeastrum seed ball with the diameter of 5-7cm for pilling, cutting off leaves from the position of 3cm above the seed ball, cutting off roots from the position of 3cm below the seed ball, cleaning, preparing one-thousandth carbendazim solution to soak the hippeastrum seed ball for 8min, sterilizing the seed ball, preparing hormone solution containing gibberellin (GA3)200mg/L, NAA100mg/L, soaking the seed ball for 24h, washing with clear water, finally placing the seed ball outdoors in clear weather for airing, placing the seed ball into a plastic basket when the leaves are all dry and yellow and the outer surface of the seed ball does not contain moisture, easily peeling the seed ball, wrapping the inner wall of the basket with double-layer sponge, and paving a layer of water-absorbing resin in the middle of the double-layer sponge.
(2) Placing in a low-temperature illumination incubator, setting the temperature treatment mode to 8 ℃, performing dark treatment for 12h, 25 ℃, performing dark treatment for 12h, performing alternate treatment for 10 days, and then setting the temperature to 8 ℃, and performing dark treatment for 20 days.
(3) A newly purchased flowerpot with an air vent at the bottom, a diameter of 18.5cm and a height of 15.5cm is selected as a planting pot, and the planting pot is used after 75% of alcohol is sprayed.
(4) The cultivation soil is prepared by uniformly mixing peat soil, vermiculite and perlite in a corresponding volume ratio of 3:1:1, the base fertilizer is prepared by mixing YARA Norway Miao Le series compound fertilizer (N: P: K: 15:15) and fermented decomposed chicken manure in a mass ratio of 30:1, the fertilizer amount is 20g of the base fertilizer mixed in each kilogram of cultivation soil, after the cultivation soil and the base fertilizer are uniformly mixed, one thousandth of carbendazim is uniformly sprayed, after the uniform stirring, a plastic film is used for covering and sealing for 2 days, and the soil is used for cultivation of the hippeastrum outdoor in sunny weather for airing for 1 day.
(5) After the low-temperature treatment is finished, transplanting hippeastrum bulbs, planting one hippeastrum bulb in each pot, covering the cultivation soil with compacted covering soil to 2/3 parts of the hippeastrum bulbs, placing the seedlings in the open air, immediately watering the seedlings thoroughly, watering the seedlings once every week according to the principle of seeing dry and wet, selecting watering time between 5 and 6 pm for avoiding direct irradiation of sunlight to cause ignition of leaves, fertilizing once after flower buds are exposed, selecting a multi-flower soluble compound fertilizer (N: P: K: 20:20:20) as the fertilizer, preparing the compound fertilizer into 1000-time liquid, watering the liquid onto the bulbs, and selecting 5 to 6 pm in time due to the cooperation of fertilization and watering.
(6) 400mg/L gibberellin (GA3) solution and 100 mg/L6-BA solution are prepared, 100ml of each solution is sprayed each time after leaves grow out, the solutions are sprayed to a growth center of hippeastrum, the solutions are sprayed once every week, and the spraying is stopped after buds grow out.
(7) When the hippeastrum enters the flowering phase, the bloomed residual flowers or scapes are cleaned in time, and the ornamental effect of the plants is ensured.
50 hippeastrum bulbs (a variety of double dragons) are treated in the test, the temperature treatment time is 30 days, then transplantation is carried out, from the transplantation time, after about 10 days, new leaves germinate in the bulbs, after 15 days, 95% of hippeastrum bulbs start to have flower buds, after about 30 days, the bulbs enter the full-bloom period, and the single scape flowering period is 8-9 days (2-3 days are prolonged); the florescence of the colony is 55 days (prolonged by about 10 days), the average diameter of a single flower is 14.52cm (increased by about 3 cm), the average height of a scape is 40.43cm (increased by about 6), the ornamental time of the hippeastrum is prolonged, and the ornamental value of the hippeastrum is improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the technical solutions of the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications, equivalent variations and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A method for regulating and controlling the florescence of hippeastrum rutilum in south China is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) selecting hippeastrum roseum seed balls with the ball diameter of more than 5cm to finish field pilling, cutting off leaves at a position of 3cm above the seed balls, cutting off redundant roots at a position of 3cm left at the root parts of the seed balls, cleaning, disinfecting and performing hormone treatment, washing with clear water, placing the balls in a clear outdoor place for airing, placing the balls in a plastic basket for temperature change treatment when the leaves are completely withered and yellow and the outer skins of the seed balls contain no moisture and can be easily peeled off;
2) placing the hippeastrum seed balls in a low-temperature dark environment at 5-9 ℃ for 12h, then placing the hippeastrum seed balls in a high-temperature dark environment at 22-25 ℃ for 12h, alternately treating for 10 days in such a way, and then placing the hippeastrum seed balls in a low-temperature dark environment at 5-9 ℃ for 20 days and taking out the hippeastrum seed balls;
3) selecting a flowerpot with vent holes at the bottom as a planting pot, and using the flowerpot after disinfection treatment;
4) preparing fertile cultivation soil and a base fertilizer suitable for the growth of hippeastrum, uniformly mixing, and sterilizing to obtain the soil for hippeastrum cultivation;
5) after the low-temperature treatment is finished, transplanting the hippeastrum bulbs, planting one hippeastrum in each pot, covering 2/3 parts of the hippeastrum bulbs with cultivation soil after soil covering and compaction, placing the seedlings in the open air, and then performing daily water and fertilizer management;
6) after the hippeastrum leaves grow out, hormone treatment is carried out;
7) trimming and maintaining management;
the method for disinfecting the bulbs in the step 1) is to prepare one-thousandth carbendazim solution to soak the hippeastrum bulbs for 5-10min, and the hormone treatment method is to prepare gibberellin GA 3: 200mg/L, NAA: soaking 100mg/L hormone solution in the hormone solution for 24 h;
the hormone treatment in the step 6) is to prepare 400mg/L gibberellin GA3 solution and 100 mg/L6-BA solution, 100ml of the two solutions are sprayed each time after the leaves grow out, the two solutions are sprayed once every week, and the spraying is stopped before the leaves bloom;
the water and fertilizer management in the step 5) comprises water management and fertilizer management, wherein in the aspect of water management, water is thoroughly poured after the transplanting is finished, then water is poured once every week according to the principle of observing dryness and wetness, the watering time is selected to be carried out at 5-6 pm, in the aspect of fertilizer management, after flower buds are exposed, fertilizer is applied once, the fertilizer is selected to be a soluble compound fertilizer with more flowers N: P: K =20:20:20, the compound fertilizer is prepared into 1000-time liquid to be poured onto seed balls, and the fertilizer is also selected to be carried out at 5-6 pm in time due to the matching of the fertilizer and the watering.
2. The method for regulating and controlling the flowering phase of hippeastrum rutilum in south China according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the cultivation soil in the step 4) is prepared by uniformly mixing peat soil, vermiculite and perlite, the corresponding volume ratio is 3:1:1, the base fertilizer is prepared by mixing compound fertilizer and fermented and decomposed chicken manure according to the mass ratio of 30:1, and each kilogram of cultivation soil is mixed with 15-30g of base fertilizer; uniformly mixing the cultivation soil and the base fertilizer, uniformly spraying one thousandth of carbendazim, covering and sealing the mixture for 1 to 2 days by using a plastic film after uniformly stirring, and airing the mixture for 1 to 2 days outside a sunny weather, namely the cultivation soil.
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Families Citing this family (3)
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| CN111480564A (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-08-04 | 深圳园林股份有限公司 | Method for regulating and controlling flowering phase of hippeastrum rutilum |
| CN112314232B (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2023-06-09 | 四川农业大学 | Method for regulating and controlling blue flower danshen period |
| CN113287518A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-24 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | Commercial hippeastrum rutilum seed ball production method in south China |
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